formation of strangeness-nuclei at...
TRANSCRIPT
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Formation of strangeness-nuclei at Formation of strangeness-nuclei at PPANDAANDA
T. GaitanosT. Gaitanos
IntroductionIntroductionTheoretical backgroundTheoretical backgroundRBUU+SMM hybrid modelTesting strangeness & fragmentationTesting strangeness & fragmentationStrangeness production & fragment yields/spectra for p+X, p+X & X+XResults for Results for PPANDAANDAprimary target: p+X → ΞX, secondary target: Ξ+X → AA
ΛΛΛΛX
Final remarksFinal remarks
together with A.B. Larionov, H. Lenske, U. Moseltogether with A.B. Larionov, H. Lenske, U. Mosel
supported by DFG and in part by I3HP SPHEREsupported by DFG and in part by I3HP SPHERE
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Introduction…Introduction…
hyperon-baryon hyperon-hyperonhyperon-hyperon
explore
crucial to understand the strangeness sector of the hadronic EoScrucial to understand the strangeness sector of the hadronic EoSdirect implications for nuclear astrophysics (max. mass of neutron stars)direct implications for nuclear astrophysics (max. mass of neutron stars)
antiproton-nucleus reactionsantiproton-nucleus reactionsHypHI: HypHI: HHeavy-eavy-IIon collisionson collisions
Λ,Σ,π,Κ,...
Λ,Σ,π,Κ,...
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Relativistic hypernuclei…Relativistic hypernuclei…
Theoretical frameworkTheoretical frameworkPhase-Space evolution Phase-Space evolution transport approaches (INC,BUU,RBUU,VUU,(Ur)QMD,HSD,…)Description of fragment formation Description of fragment formation statistical picture, e.g., SMM, Botvina & MishustinDescription of hypernuclei formation?Description of hypernuclei formation?Phase-Space coalescence (in coordinate and) in momentum space
(SMM+H: Botvina & Pochodzalla, PR C76 ('07) 024909, PL B697 ('11) 222) See also: Botvina, et al., Phys. Rev. C86 ('12) 011601, Nucl. Phys. A881 ('12) 228, Phys. Lett. B714 ('12) 85, Phys. Rev. C84 ('11) 064904
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
ΚΚ
ΚΚ
Primary : BB->BΛK, BBKKSecondary: πB->ΛK, BKK
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
1. target: pp->ΛΛ, ΞΞ, KKπ...(annih.) πB->ΛK, BKK (s=0) KB-> KΞ (s=-1)
2. target: ΞB->ΞB, ΛΛ (s=-2)
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
GiBUU-group: Buss, et al., Phys. Rep. 512512 (2012) 1
Collision term:Collision term:
primary: BB → mesons BB→ΛΛ, ΞΞ (data)
Secondary: ΞΒ→ΛΛ (Nijmegen-calc.), KB→ΞK (data), ΛΒ↔ΣB (data,Nijmegen-calc.)
Golubeva, Pshenichnov, et al., NP A537 393
Non-Equilibrium stage…Non-Equilibrium stage…
Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF)Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) Non-linear Walecka model (soft EoS)
gωΝ=-ξgωΝ, gσΝ=ξgσΝ (ξ~0.2-0.3)
→ good description of pp-nucleus-nucleus ((but not for p-nucleus) opt. Potentials Uopt
Consistent description of both, in-medium p and p Uopt
:
→ Non-Linear Derivative (NLD) model: Gaitanos/Kaskulov, arXiv:1206.4821
Larionov, et al., PR C80,021601(R)
Lalazissis, et al., PL B671 36
Formation of single-Formation of single-ΛΛ & double- & double-ΛΛΛΛ hypernuclei hypernuclei
Fragments: SMM, Botvina/Mishustin, Phys. Rep. 257 133
Hyperfragments: phase-space coalescence Gaitanos, et al., NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
GiBUU-group: Buss, et al., Phys. Rep. 512512 (2012) 1
Collision term:Collision term:
primary: BB → mesons BB→ΛΛ, ΞΞ (data)
Secondary: ΞΒ→ΛΛ (Nijmegen-calc.), KB→ΞK (data), ΛΒ↔ΣB (data,Nijmegen-calc.)
Golubeva, Pshenichnov, et al., NP A537 393
Non-Equilibrium stage…Non-Equilibrium stage…
Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF)Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) Non-linear Walecka model (soft EoS)
gωΝ=-ξgωΝ, gσΝ=ξgσΝ (ξ~0.2-0.3)
→ good description of pp-nucleus-nucleus ((but not for p-nucleus) opt. Potentials Uopt
Consistent description of both, in-medium p and p Uopt
:
→ Non-Linear Derivative (NLD) model: Gaitanos/Kaskulov, arXiv:1206.4821
Larionov, et al., PR C80,021601(R)
Lalazissis, et al., PL B671 36
Formation of single-Formation of single-ΛΛ & double- & double-ΛΛΛΛ hypernuclei hypernuclei
Fragments: SMM, Botvina/Mishustin, Phys. Rep. 257 133
Hyperfragments: phase-space coalescence Gaitanos, et al., NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
GiBUU-group: Buss, et al., Phys. Rep. 512512 (2012) 1
Collision term:Collision term:
primary: BB → mesons BB→ΛΛ, ΞΞ (data)
Secondary: ΞΒ→ΛΛ (Nijmegen-calc.), KB→ΞK (data), ΛΒ↔ΣB (data,Nijmegen-calc.)
Golubeva, Pshenichnov, et al., NP A537 393
Non-Equilibrium stage…Non-Equilibrium stage…
Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF)Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) Non-linear Walecka model (soft EoS)
gωΝ=-ξgωΝ, gσΝ=ξgσΝ (ξ~0.2-0.3)
→ good description of pp-nucleus-nucleus ((but not for p-nucleus) opt. Potentials Uopt
Consistent description of both, in-medium p and p Uopt
:
→ Non-Linear Derivative (NLD) model: Gaitanos/Kaskulov, arXiv:1206.4821
Larionov, et al., PR C80,021601(R)
Lalazissis, et al., PL B671 36
Formation of single-Formation of single-ΛΛ & double- & double-ΛΛΛΛ hypernuclei hypernuclei
Fragments: SMM, Botvina/Mishustin, Phys. Rep. 257 133
Hyperfragments: phase-space coalescence Gaitanos, et al., NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
GiBUU-group: Buss, et al., Phys. Rep. 512512 (2012) 1
Collision term:Collision term:
primary: BB → mesons BB→ΛΛ, ΞΞ (data)
Secondary: ΞΒ→ΛΛ (Nijmegen-calc.), KB→ΞK (data), ΛΒ↔ΣB (data,Nijmegen-calc.)
Golubeva, Pshenichnov, et al., NP A537 393
Non-Equilibrium stage…Non-Equilibrium stage…
Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF)Standard Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) Non-linear Walecka model (soft EoS)
gωΝ=-ξgωΝ, gσΝ=ξgσΝ (ξ~0.2-0.3)
→ good description of pp-nucleus-nucleus ((but not for p-nucleus) opt. Potentials Uopt
Consistent description of both, in-medium p and p Uopt
:
→ Non-Linear Derivative (NLD) model: Gaitanos/Kaskulov, arXiv:1206.4821
Larionov, et al., PR C80,021601(R)
Lalazissis, et al., PL B671 36
Formation of single-Formation of single-ΛΛ & double- & double-ΛΛΛΛ hypernuclei (GiBUU+SMM) hypernuclei (GiBUU+SMM)
Fragments: SMM, Botvina/Mishustin, Phys. Rep. 257 133
Hyperfragments: phase-space coalescence Gaitanos, et al., NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Collision term: Collision term: ppp-> X (primary elementary channels)…p-> X (primary elementary channels)…
Golubeva, Pshenichnov, et al., NP A537 ('92) 393
Statistical annihilation model (pp-> mesons) up to 6-particles final states (π,η,ω,ρ,K,K,K*,K*)
Other channels (pp-> BB)
Larionov, T.G., Lenske, Mosel, arXiv:1209.1966
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Collision term: secondary elementary channels…Collision term: secondary elementary channels…Hyperon-Nucleon rescattering (ΣΝ → ΛΝ)
Antikaon-Nucleon rescattering (KΝ → ΞΚ), similar situation
Cascade-Nucleon rescattering (ΞΝ → ΛΛ), Extended-Soft-Core (ESC), Rijken et al.
T.G., Larionov, Lenske, Mosel, NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+X (primary target)...+X (primary target)...
...rapidity spectra
Good description of strangeness data
Secondary channels important!
y
Larionov, T.G.,Mosel, ArXiv:1209.1966, Phys. Rev. C85, 024614
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+X (primary target)+X (primary target)......
Low energy Ξ production due to secondary channels!
PΞ ~ 1 GeV/c ==> Ekin
~ 0.3 GeV
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Larionov, T.G.,Mosel, ArXiv:1209.1966, Phys. Rev. C85, 024614
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+X (primary target)+X (primary target)......
EE** = Ep+(Mtarg-Btarg)Atarg-(Mres-Bres)Ares-Eem-Erec
Good description of excitation energy spectrum
data: PRC63, 034616
T.G., Larionov,Lenske,Mosel, NP A881 240
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+X (primary target)+X (primary target)... ...
Overal good description of different fragment multiplicities
data: PRC63, 034616
T.G., Larionov,Lenske,Mosel, NP A881 240
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+X (primary target)+X (primary target)......
...rapidity spectra
Coalescence with stopped Λ's possible
No coalescence with Ξ's (in 2th target)
T.G., Larionov,Lenske,Mosel, NP A881 240
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: ΞΞ+X (secondary target)+X (secondary target)......
GiBUU+SMM+GiBUU+SMM+momentum coalescence with captured Ξ & ΞΝ →ΛΛ
Copious production of ΛΛ−hypernuclei via Ξ-capture in 2th target...
Process strongly dependent on Ξ-energy (ΞΝ →ΛΛ)
fragments
ΛΛ-fragments
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
PPANDA:ANDA: pp+Cu →+Cu → ΞΞX & X & ΞΞ+Cu...+Cu...
Total yield
Depends also on exp. (material in between, etc.)
emitted Ξ's
from primary target
produced ΛΛ−fragments
from secondary target
T.G., Larionov,Lenske,Mosel, NP A881 240
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Final remarks…Final remarks…
Theoretical studies: “FAIR” @ GiessenTheoretical studies: “FAIR” @ Giessen GiBUU+SMM: NE-dynamics + statistical process of fragmentationGiBUU+SMM: NE-dynamics + statistical process of fragmentation suitable tool for HypHI- & suitable tool for HypHI- & PPANDA-reactionsANDA-reactions
Predictions on single-Predictions on single-ΛΛ hypernuclei (HypHI) hypernuclei (HypHI) σσ ~ ~ µµb for b for ΛΛH & H & ΛΛHe in spectator/target fragmentation in HICHe in spectator/target fragmentation in HIC consistency with HypHI-experiment ?... (T. Saito)consistency with HypHI-experiment ?... (T. Saito)
Predictions on double-Predictions on double-ΛΛ hypernuclei ( hypernuclei (PPANDA)ANDA) production of production of ΛΛ-nuclei in first target with very low Prob., -nuclei in first target with very low Prob., ΞΞ's escape's escape ΞΞ+X (secondary target) +X (secondary target) →→ AA
ΛΛΛΛ+X, production of A+X, production of AΛΛΛΛ, energy dependent, energy dependent
To do/on work....To do/on work.... Collision termCollision term: primary & secondary elementary channels under control?: primary & secondary elementary channels under control?
in-medium hyperon-nucleon scatteringin-medium hyperon-nucleon scattering Drift termDrift term: Momentum dependent mean-field dynamics: Momentum dependent mean-field dynamics
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Backup slides
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
p+X-Reactions:p+X-Reactions: switch from BUU switch from BUU →→ SMM...SMM...
Def. Of residual spurceDef. Of residual spurce
particles with ρ>ρsat/100
SMM
SMM
SMM
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
NLD: p & NLD: p & pp opt. potentials… opt. potentials…
T.G., Kaskulov & Lenske, PL B703 (2011) 193
T. G., M. Kaskulov, arXiv:1206.4821 [nucl-th]
proton-nucleus
antiproton-nucleusRHD
Hyp2012, 04.10.12In preparation...
PPANDA:ANDA: ΞΞ+X@(3-5)GeV...+X@(3-5)GeV...
Ξ-capture in 2th target strongly energy dependent
Repulsive RMF fields at high energies & ΞΝ →ΛΛ
ΛΛ
ΞΞp Κ,Kπ Ξ ΛΛ
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
Numerical realization (Test-Particle Ansatz):Numerical realization (Test-Particle Ansatz):Initialization Propagation (Vlasov, collisions)
Initialization: „test particles“ initialized according to empirical density distributions
Problem: density profiles not consistent with mean-field used in propagationSolution: Use the same energy density functional ε[ρp,ρn] for initialization & propagation
Relativistic Thomas Fermi (RTF) for spherical nuclei
Old initialization
Old initialization
New initialization
New initialization
Important in calculating EImportant in calculating Eexcexc
Important in calculating A,Z Important in calculating A,Z
PR PR C81C81, (2010), , (2010), 054316
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
SpectatorsSpectators
Well defined conditions after onset of instability…
SpectatorsSpectators
…and onset of equilibration
Def. ofSpectatorsDef. ofSpectators
Y(0)>0.75 +ρ>ρsat/100
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
Σπ
πΚ
PL PL B663B663, 197 (08) & PL , 197 (08) & PL B675B675 (09) 297 (09) 297
SMM
X+X-Reactions, spectators:X+X-Reactions, spectators: BUU BUU →→ SMM...SMM...
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
absolute yieldsabsolute yields from spectator fragmentation in
(ALADIN-data)
fragment velocity spectrafragment velocity spectra
data:Henzlova, PRC78, 044616
GiBUU+SMM:GiBUU+SMM: spectator fragmentation in X+X... spectator fragmentation in X+X...
PL PL B663B663, 197 (08) & PL , 197 (08) & PL B675B675 (09) 297 (09) 297
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
HypHI:HypHI: Li+C@2AGeV... Li+C@2AGeV... π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
Σπ
πΚ
BUUBUU: fragmenting sources & strangeness (consistent with FOPI/KaoS)
SMMSMM: spectator fragmentation (consistent with ALADIN)
6Li-fragmentation12C-fragmentation
ΛΛ & & AAX coalescence X coalescence possiblepossible
Hyp2012, 04.10.12
HypHI:HypHI: Li+C@2AGeV... Li+C@2AGeV... π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
π
ΛΛ
ΛΛ
Σπ
πΚ
In preparation...
Coal.Coal.: momentum coalescence for Λ close to spectators
EstimateEstimate: projectile/target fragmentation: σ(3HΛ, 4,5HeΛ) ~ (6-10)µb
PL B675 (09) 297