forming a tonal center - amazon web...
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Free Lesson, Page 1Jazz Everyone...!
Forming a Tonal Center
Tonality in Western Music
How do we establish 1 of the 12 notes in western music as the most important note or tonal center?
Here is the way it happens!
Free Lesson, Page 2Jazz Everyone...!
CF
Bb
Eb
Ab
Dd
F#B
E
A
D
G
The 12 notes in music can be equally dividedWhen the pitch goes higher, the interval of a 4th is the result
When the pitch goes down, the interval of a 5th is the result
C F Bb Eb Ab Db F# B E A D G
Free Lesson, Page 3Jazz Everyone...!
The Importance of Rhythm in Tonality
“Beats are sounds that occur in time and space.”
If they occur in regular intervals they create a pulse. This pulse is called a BEAT... it can be slow or fast. A steady beat creates natural accents that result in the for-
mation of rhythm patterns, measures and all types of basic song forms.
“There are 2 kinds of beats”
UP BEATS DOWN BEATS
If the note at 11:00 on the circle is played on the up beat, followed by a note at 12:00 on the down beat, the note at 12:00 sounds like the most important note or a TONAL
CENTER when it is repeated.
12:00
11:00 C
A
D
G
Free Lesson, Page 4Jazz Everyone...!
This page shows you how to......play the roots and 5ths of Tonal Center around the Circle of 4ths/5ths without mistakes....improvise creatively around the Dominant 7th circle using a variety of rhythms with roots and 5ths.
Free Lesson - Track 1
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Establishing Tonal Centers Around Circle of FourthsWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
E Flat Instruments
Free Lesson, Page 5Jazz Everyone...!
This page will show you......how to form a major scale....how Roman numerals are used to identify chords and their func-tion in a scale....how to form and number a Dominant 7th scale.
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G A
D Major ScaleWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
I II III IV V VI VII I
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
E Flat Instruments
1. Letters of the Alphabet, Arabic numbers and Roman numerals are used to name notes
2. Chords may be formed on any note of a scale by playing every other note at the same time
I V135
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3. The C Dominant Seventh scale is renumbered
1 2 3 4 5 6 b7 1
Free Lesson, Page 6Jazz Everyone...!
• The Blues is 12 bars long• The Blues is a 3 part song A-B-C• The I7-IV7-V7 are basic blues chords• The Blues Pentatonic scale is basic traditional blues vocabulary• Whenrepeatingthebluesform,theV7isusuallyusedinthefinal
measure• Slashes show the number of beats a chord is played in a mea-
sure.
Some Facts About the Blues Form
Free Lesson, Page 7Jazz Everyone...!
Playing the Blues with roots and 5ths of the I7, IV7 and V7
Free Lesson - Track 2
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E Flat Instruments - Treble Clef
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Basic B Flat BluesThomas
Free Lesson, Page 8Jazz Everyone...!
Formation of the minor scale and the blues pentatonic
Free Lesson - Track 2
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1 b3 4
Minor Scale ... Blues PentatonicWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
B Flat Major Scale
Minor Pentatonic Scale
1 2 3 45 6 7
1
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E FlatInstruments
Pentatonic Blues scale
Blues Patterns Formed on Tonal Centers
I7
IV7
V7
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Basic Blues Scale
In B Flat Concert
E Flat Instruments
Free Lesson, Page 9Jazz Everyone...!
Formation of the minor scale and the blues pentatonic
Free Lesson - Track 2
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1 b3 4
Minor Scale ... Blues PentatonicWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
B Flat Major Scale
Minor Pentatonic Scale
1 2 3 45 6 7
1
( )( ) ( )
E FlatInstruments
Pentatonic Blues scale
Blues Patterns Formed on Tonal Centers
I7
IV7
V7
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E Flat Version - Treble Clef
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Yo Dude BluesWillie Thomas
©2008
Free Lesson, Page 10Jazz Everyone...!
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AMaj
Forming Pentatonic PairsWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
Major Pentatonic Scales started on the 2nd scale step create Pentatonic Pairs that can be connected around the circle of 4ths
Three Major Pentatonic Scales can be formed in every major scale.
- Major Pentatonic scale formed on the Tonic Major Scale (A)
- Major Pentatonic scale formed on the Lydian or 4th Scale step (D)
- Major Pentatonic Scale formed on the Mixolydian or 5th (dominant) Scale step (E)
A Maj Pentatonic...... ................B C# E D A BD Maj Pentatonic....................... ..........E D A B D E
E Maj Pentatonic........... F# G# B C# E D
Pentatonic Pairs create melody chains that connect series of diatonic chord changes
E Flat Instruments
F#F#F#
Free Lesson, Page 11Jazz Everyone...!
Use the circle to help you visualize the formation of a MELODY CHAIN as the pentatonic pairs move around the
circle of 4ths.
C
C
F
F
Bb
Bb
Eb
EbAb
Dd
F#B
B
E
E
A
AD
DG
G
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F#
Pentatonic Pairs Around the Circle of Fourths
Free Lesson, Page 12Jazz Everyone...!
Free Lesson - Track 1
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E Flat Instruments - Treble
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Pentatonic Pairs Around Circle of Dominant 7thsThomas
©2008
5 6 1 2 1 5 6 1 2 1 6 1
Free Lesson, Page 13Jazz Everyone...!
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Rhythm DrillWillie Thomas
© 2008 Willie Thomas
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Use your FREE LESSON vocabulary now to develop jazz patterns in the blues and around the dominant circle with fixed rhythms.
Free Lesson - Track 2