forwindvr - graham wind turbine talk

8/12/2019 Forwindvr - Graham Wind Turbine Talk

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Aerodynamics of Horizontal Axis Wind-

Turbine Rotors.

J. Michael R. Graham,

Department of Aeronautics,

Imperial College, London, UK.

Seminar: University of Oldenbur! "#. ". #$. .


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Rotor Stall %elay &Himmels'am( )ffect*


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+m dia. model of

W), rotor tested in

x /ind tunnel

settlin c0amber

&12m dia.*


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3ressure %istribution c4r 5 #.$2 &6onstant c0ord blade!

Wind Tunnel*


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3ressure %istribution c4r 5 #.7 &6onstant c0ord blade!

Wind Tunnel*


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3ressure %istribution

c4r 5 #.2 &W), blade!

Wind Tunnel*


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Sectional 8ift 6oefficients aainst Anle of Attac'

for W), Rotor 9lade &Wind Tunnel*


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ield Tests &";m Wind Harvester turbine at

Rut0erford A((leton 8aboratory*


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ield Rotor &Wind Harvester* Test


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Surface (ressure time 0istory! inboard station.


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3ressure at &a((rox.* maximum lift coefficient


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Approimate !oundar"#la"er anal"sis of Coriolis$ %orce

suggests separation depends on parameter &chord'radius(.


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3ossible

)x(lanations


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Rotor-To/er


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6ombined )x(eriment- %o/n/ind Rotor&=ational

Rene/able )nery 8ab! ,olden! 6O! USA.

Robinson! Simms! Hand and Sc0rec'*


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)ffect of To/er S0ado/ &Wa'e %efect* on %o/n/ind

Rotor9lade &Wind Tunnel! W), 9lade*


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)ffect of To/er S0ado/ &9loc'ae*! on U(/ind

Rotor9lade &Wind Tunnel! We 9lade*: 3ressure


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)ffect of To/er S0ado/ &Wa'e* on %o/n/ind

Rotor&Wind Tunnel ! W), blade*: 3ressure


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To/er S0ado/ effect &/a'e* on Stalled

%o/n/ind Rotor&Wind Tunnel! W), 9lade*


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Rotor#1o*er Interaction using an Incompressi!le

2+erset Grid Method

%rederi 3ahle &Risoe La!() Moti+ation for the pro4ect-

5 Current C%D code can onl" handle isolated rotors

5De+elopment of a C%D tool *hich can handle complete*ind tur!ine configuration *ith focus on rotor#to*er

interaction

) 2utline5/umerical Method

5/R6L 7hase 8I eperiment comparison


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2riginal C%D Code 6llip0"s9D

) Unstead" incompressi!le /a+ier#0toes sol+er) %inite +olume, pressure !ased, sol+ing for primiti+e

+aria!les u, v, wandpin general cur+ilinear

coordinates in a cell#centered arrangement

) 0UD0':UICK, 0IM7L6'7I02

) #M001, D60 &;"!rid L60(

)


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1he 2+erset Grid Method) Ideal for comple geometr",

multi#!od", mo+ing grid pro!lems) Grid around each component is

generated independentl" of others

) Allo*s grids to o+erlap ar!itraril"

) Com!ination of !od"#fitted

&cur+ilinear( and off#!od"&Cartesian( grids

) ;ole#cutting adds further

flei!ilit"

) Local grid refinement possi!le

) Use of eisting implicit structured

sol+ers maintains high efficienc"

) Can !e parallelised

) %airl" high computational cost

associated *ith search and

interpolation routines


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/R6L UA6 7hase 8I 6periment

) Conducted in /A0A Ames 9?.? m @.m

) B m diameter *ind tur!ine

)


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Computational %rame*or

) Mesh-5 Consists of t*o !od" fitted cur+ilinear

grids and three Cartesian !acgroundgrids. 1otal . M cells.

5 /acelle omitted

5 0ame farfield dimensions as /A0Atunnel.


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%lo* %ield

) Iso contours of a!solute +orticit"

)1ip and root +ortices preser+ed *ell do*nstream of tur!ine

) 8orte shedding from to*er is clearl" +isi!le

) Induction from rotor reduces aial +elocit", and modifies +orte shedding

freFuenc" on to*er. 8orte dislocation !elo* rotor due to change in

shedding freFuenc".


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1o*er Response

)1o*er response inside rotor disc appears to !e eperiencing loc#in

) 9 shedding periods per re+olution inside rotor disc- fs9.? ;

) 0hedding freFuenc" !elo* rotor disc- fs.B ;

) %reFuenc" content sho*s 97 pea *hich is the shedding freFuenc", @7 and 7

peas from !lade passage freFuenc". 8orte shedding loced#in

) Causes !lade response to !e periodic and correlated span*ise


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Conclusions and 2utloo

) 9D o+erset computations capa!le of accuratel" capturing the interaction!et*een the rotor and to*er. 6cellent agreement *ith eperiment.

) C/response largel" depends on changes in aial +elocit". CM also reflects

local changes in pressure caused !" the


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=ind 1ur!ines and


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1han "ou for "our attentionN

forwindvr - graham wind turbine talk

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