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Combatant Commands Combatant Commands and theand the

Unified Command PlanUnified Command Plan

RDML Frank C. PandolfeDeputy Director for Strategic Plans and Policy (J-5)

11 September 2006

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CHAIRMAN JCS

DEFENSE AGENCIES& FIELD ACTIVITIES

Organization: Department of DefenseOrganization: Department of Defense

PRESIDENT

SECRETARY OF DEFENSE

OSD STAFF

SPECIAL OPERATIONS

COMMAND

EUROPEANCOMMAND

TRANSPORTATION COMMAND

PACIFIC COMMAND

MILITARY DEPARTMENT SECRETARIES

SERVICE CHIEFS

JOINT FORCES

COMMAND

CENTRALCOMMAND

SOUTHERNCOMMAND

SERVICE STAFFS & FORCES

MILITARY DEPT.SECRETARIATS

NORTHERNCOMMAND

STRATEGICCOMMAND

JOINT STAFF

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Organization: Combatant CommandsOrganization: Combatant Commands

US Southern Command

US Pacific

Command

US Central Command

US US Special Special

Operations Operations CommandCommand

US Northern

Command

US US Strategic Strategic

CommandCommand

US European Command

US US Transportation Transportation

CommandCommand

Geographic CommandsGeographic Commands

Command

Communication

PRESIDENTPRESIDENT

ADM Keating

GEN Abizaid

Gen Jones

ADM Fallon

GEN CraddockGEN Brown

Gen SchwartzGen Cartwright

Chairman JCS

Chairman JCS

SecDefSecDef

Functional Commands Functional Commands

US US Joint Forces Joint Forces CommandCommand

Gen Smith

JO TNI

S TA FFCH IE FS OF

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Organization: Military DepartmentsOrganization: Military Departments

OSDOSDOSDOSD

Secretary Secretary of the Armyof the ArmySecretary Secretary

of the Armyof the ArmySecretary Secretary

of the Air Forceof the Air ForceSecretary Secretary

of the Air Forceof the Air Force

ARMY ARMY NAVY NAVY MARINESMARINES

Chief of Naval Operations

ADM Mullen

Chief of Naval Operations

ADM Mullen

Chief of Staff of the Army

Gen Schoomaker

Chief of Staff of the Army

Gen Schoomaker

Commandant Marine Corps

Gen Hagee

Commandant Marine Corps

Gen Hagee

Secretary Secretary of the Navyof the NavySecretary Secretary of the Navyof the Navy

AIR FORCEAIR FORCE

Forces assigned to Combatant Commandsand their administration & support

Chief of Staff of the Air Force

Gen Moseley

Chief of Staff of the Air Force

Gen Moseley

9 Combatant Commands9 Combatant Commands

Secretary of DefenseSecretary of Defense

Chairman JCS

Gen Pace

Chairman JCS

Gen Pace

Train, Equip, Provide

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DOD is a MATRIX organization that integrates • Geographically across functions for joint warfighting• Functionally across regions for global effectiveness

The keys to matrix organization success are:• Clear responsibilities and commensurate authorities ( the UCP)• Means to resolve priorities at the “intersections” ( “supported / supporting”)• Effective coordination and communication ( SecDef, JS and CC-CC coord)

Aligning the Combatant CommandsAligning the Combatant Commands

GEOGRAPHIC

EUCOM

NORTHCOM

CENTCOM

PACOM

SOUTHCOM

J

F

C

O

M

S

T

R

A

T

C

O

M

T

R

A

N

S

C

O

M

S

O

C

O

M

F U N C T I O N A LThough not in UCP, Services are a third dimension of the matrix organization that UCP considers

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Unified Command PlanUnified Command Plan

Purpose: Establishes the missions and responsibilities for commanders of combatant commands and establishes their general geographic areas of responsibility

Signed by the President

Directs all communications between the President or the Secretary of Defense and combatant commanders to be transmitted through the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff unless otherwise directed

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USC Title 10USC Title 10

USC Title 10, Sec 161 directs the Chairman to periodically review (not less often than every two years) the missions, responsibilities (including geographic boundaries), and force structure of each combatant command; and recommend to the President, through the Secretary of Defense, any changes to such missions, responsibilities, and force structures as may be necessary.

The Unified Command Plan is the vehicle by which this is accomplished

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HistoryHistory

194719471952

1958

1980

1954

1985

19921992

Established STRATCOM

Established USEUCOM DOD Reorganization Act

- SECDEF Direction of CINCs

- CINCs Perform Missions

Goldwater-Nichols Act

19931993LANTCOM became USACOM

19621963Established STRICOM

CARIBCOM became SOUTHCOM1972STRICOM became REDCOM

1983

19861986Established SPACECOM

RDJTF under REDCOM

RDJTF became CENTCOM

Nunn-Cohen Act

Established SOCOM

19871987

Established TRANSCOM

National Security Act

Service Secretaries becomeSecDef Executive Agents

-- PACOM, EUCOM, LANTCOM, and CARIBCOM with Service Chiefs as JCS Executive Agents

1995199519981998

USACOM / SOUTHCOM AOR Shift

FSU Newly Independent

States Assigned 19991999USACOM became JFCOM 20022002

Established NORTHCOM and

assigned all regions of the globe

-- SPACECOM and STRATCOM merged into new STRATCOM

Strategic Air Commandestablished as first combatant command under JCS control

14 Dec 1946

JFCOM purely functional

Four new STRATCOM missions

20042004

SOCOM lead against terrorists; JFCOM JFP

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Common Combatant Command ResponsibilitiesCommon Combatant Command Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Deter attacks against US

– Carry out assigned missions / conducting military operations

– Direct subordinate commands

– Force Protection

– Certifying readiness of HQ to perform as JTF

– Providing trained and ready forces

– Planning, conducting, assessing security cooperation activities

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Geographic Combatant Command (GCC) ResponsibilitiesGeographic Combatant Command (GCC) Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Evacuation / Protection of US citizens

– Military representation to national / international agencies

– Single POC on military matters within AOR

– COCOM of security assistance organizations in time of war

– COCOM of US peacekeeping forces

– POC for Combating WMD activities and missions in AOR

– Force protection for all US military forces in AOR

– Recovery of astronauts / space vehicles

– Establishing and maintaining a Standing Joint Force Headquarters – Core Element (SJFHQ-CE)

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Specific GCC ResponsibilitiesSpecific GCC Responsibilities

USNORTHCOM– Provide Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA)

– Provide assistance to GCCs on consequence management operations in response to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high-yield explosive incidents outside CONUS

– Serve as Commander North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)

USPACOM– Provide DSCA

– Conduct Noncombatant Evacuation Operations (NEO) and force protection in Russian Federation east of 100oE

USSOUTHCOM– Provide DSCA

– Defend Panama Canal and Panama Canal area

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UCP MapUCP MapUCP Map

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JFCOM Unique ResponsibilitiesJFCOM Unique Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Leading Joint Concept Development and Experimentation

(CDE)

– Serving as lead Joint Force Integrator

– Serving as lead agent for Joint Force Training

– Leading development of joint readiness standards for staffs and headquarters

– Serving as Primary Joint Force Provider

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SOCOM Unique ResponsibilitiesSOCOM Unique Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Serving as Special Operations Forces Joint Force Provider

– Training of and developer of strategy, doctrine, and tactics for SOF

– Integrating / coordinating DOD PSYOP capabilities

– Serving as lead for planning, synchronizing, and executing global ops against terrorist networks

– Exercising command and control of selected special operations missions

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STRATCOM Unique ResponsibilitiesSTRATCOM Unique Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Primary responsibility for strategic nuclear forces

– Providing integrated global strike planning and C2

– Exercising C2 of selected global strike missions

– Developing desired characteristics and capabilities, advocating, planning and conducting space operations

– Planning, integrating and coordinating global missile defense

– Planning, integrating and coordinating intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance in support of global ops

– Tasking and coordinating C4ISR capabilities

– Integrating and coordinating DOD info ops, computer network attack, computer network defense, electronic warfare, psychological ops, and military deception

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STRATCOM Unique Responsibilities (con’t)STRATCOM Unique Responsibilities (con’t)

UCP Missions– Planning, integrating and coordinating DOD global network

operations by directing Global Information Grid (GIG) ops and defense

– Serving as lead for integrating and synchronizing DOD Combating WMD efforts

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TRANSCOM Unique ResponsibilitiesTRANSCOM Unique Responsibilities

UCP Missions– Providing transportation, terminal management and aerial

refueling to support global deployment of US forces

– Serving as the Mobility Joint Force Provider

– Providing DOD global patient movement

– Serving as Distribution Process Owner

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Changes made in UCP 2006

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Change: Placed entire Aleutian Islands chain in USNORTHCOM AOR

USNORTHCOM/USPACOM BoundaryUSNORTHCOM/USPACOM Boundary

Approved boundary change

Rationale: Consolidate all responsibilities pertaining to the defense of Alaska under one combatant commander

Impact: No change in forces assignment for either USNORTHCOM or USPACOM

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USNORTHCOM/USSOUTHCOM BoundaryUSNORTHCOM/USSOUTHCOM Boundary

– i.e., planning/executing operations through the range of military operations (counter-narcotics, NEO, humanitarian relief, etc.)

Impact: USSOUTHCOM gained DSCA mission for PR and USVI.

Approved boundary change

Change: Placed Cuba, The Bahamas, Puerto Rico (PR), US Virgin Islands (USVI) in USSOUTHCOM AOR to consolidate all major offshore islands in single AOR.

Rationale: USSOUTHCOM previously responsible for contingency planning, operations, security cooperation, and force protection for The Bahamas and Cuba. Change provides responsibility for “normal operations”:

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Change: Strengthen USTRANSCOM’s role as DPO Goal: Reinforce USTRANSCOM’s authority to synchronize and align

DOD-wide end-to-end distribution Rationale:

– Further DOD transformation by expanding USTRANSCOM responsibilities from “strategic distribution” to “end-to-end” distribution

– Improve strategic and operational responsiveness

– Strengthen planning and execution

USTRANSCOM Distribution Process Owner (DPO)USTRANSCOM Distribution Process Owner (DPO)

UCP 2006 Language: USTRANSCOM’s unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Distribution Process Owner, including: (a) Coordinating and overseeing the DOD distribution system to provide interoperability, synchronization, and alignment of DOD wide, end-to-end distribution. (b) Developing and implementing distribution process improvements that enhance the Defense Logistics and Global Supply Chain Management System.”

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Change: Assigned USSOCOM and USTRANSCOM as Joint Force Providers (JFPs)

Goal: Improve the Global Force Management process Rationale:

– USSOCOM/USTRANSCOM gain increased visibility and oversight of respective forces

– Complements USJFCOM’s role as Primary JFP

Joint Force Providers – USSOCOM and USTRANSCOMJoint Force Providers – USSOCOM and USTRANSCOM

SOCOM UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Special Operations Forces Joint Force Provider, including: (a) Providing combat-ready special operations forces to other combatant commands when and as directed. (b) Identifying and recommending global joint sourcing solutions, in coordination with the Services and other combatant commanders, from all special operations forces and capabilities. (c) Supervising implementation of sourcing decisions.”

TRANSCOM UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as the Mobility Joint Force Provider, including: (a) Identifying and recommending global joint sourcing solutions, in coordination with the Services and other combatant commanders, from all mobility forces and capabilities to the Chairman. (b) Supervising implementation of sourcing decisions.”

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USSTRATCOM Combating WMD (CbtWMD)USSTRATCOM Combating WMD (CbtWMD)

Change: Assigned USSTRATCOM as DOD lead for Combating WMD Goal: Align UCP with SecDef January 2005 memo directing

USSTRATCOM to lead DOD in combating WMD efforts Rationale: Unify DOD efforts for Combating WMD under single

combatant commander

UCP 2006 language: Unique responsibilities include: “Serving as lead combatant commander for integrating and synchronizing DOD CbtWMD efforts, including: (a) Planning, integrating and synchronizing DOD CbtWMD efforts with the efforts of other US government agencies, as directed. (b) Integrating USSTRATCOM’s global missions to support combatant command and defense agency efforts in combating WMD. (c) In coordination with USJFCOM, develop and make recommendations to the Chairman regarding joint force integration, exercises and training for CbtWMD. (d) Responsible to the Chairman for identifying and assessing readiness of US capabilities, adequacy of partner capabilities, and capabilities of potential adversaries. (e) In coordination with the Chairman, advocating combating WMD capabilities of all combatant commanders. (f) Supporting geographic combatant commands and USSOCOM for CbtWMD planning and execution. (g) Providing military representation to US national and international agencies for CbtWMD matters related to US and multinational campaigns, as directed. (h) Providing the single military point of contact for CbtWMD in space.”

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USSTRATCOM Global Network Operations(GNO)USSTRATCOM Global Network Operations(GNO)

Change: Assigned DOD Global Network Operations (GNO) as a USSTRATCOM mission area

Goal: Place Global Information Grid (GIG) network operations and defense under single commander

Rationale:

– UCP 2004 addresses Computer Network Attack/Defense (CNA/CND), but not network operations

– June 2004 SecDef memo assigns USSTRATCOM authority and responsibility for “global network operations and defense”

UCP 2006 Language: Unique responsibilities include: “Planning, integrating and coordinating DOD global network operations by directing Global Information Grid operations and defense and identifying and advocating these desired characteristics and capabilities.”

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Modified USELEMNORAD LanguageModified USELEMNORAD Language

Change: Provide USNORTHCOM authority to use USELEMNORAD forces for non-NORAD unilateral missions.

Goal:

– Provide CDR USNORTHCOM the ability to rapidly respond to air defense threats and execute air defense missions.

Rationale: UCP 2002 established USNORTHCOM. UCP 2004 removed USELEMNORAD as the instrument through which US air defense forces were employed in a unilateral action. However, UCP 2004 did not provide USNORTHCOM with authority to employ US forces in this same type of mission.

UCP 2006 Language: “As the senior US officer assigned to NORAD, CDRUSNORTHCOM is designated as CDRUSELEMNORAD. US forces made available for NORAD are assigned or attached to CDRUSELEMNORAD IAW section 162 of title 10 and may be utilized by CDRUSNORTHCOM for US unilateral, non-NORAD operations.”

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Questions?Questions?