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SONAL (11200154)Pritam (11202477Sumit (11206616)Johnson(11201990)

Under the Guidance of Assistant ProfessorMr. Prabhjot Singh Jassal

Photocatalytic Degradation of ampicillin By Silver Nanoparticles

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CONTENTS

• Introduction • Instrument used for characterization• Review of literature • Rationale of Study• Aim and Objectives• Methodology• Result and observation• Conclusion• References

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INTRODUCTION

Lately due to untreated disposal of antibiotics into the nature, the effectiveness of the antibiotics are reduced. The antibiotic used for this project was AMPICILIN. Using Pleutrpous ostreaotus we synthesized nanoparticles, which was used for the degradation of AMPICLIN. We also studied the photo-catalytic degradation of the same, using various parameters like pH, contact time, varying the nanoparticle and antibiotic concentration.

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• Pleutrotus ostreatus:

The species of Pleurotus are characterized by a white spore print, attached to decurrent gills, often with an eccentric (off-centre) stipe, or no stipe at all. They are found to grow on woods, usually on dead standing trees or on fallen logs. Due to the white shell-like appearance of the fruiting body it’s commonly known as "oyster mushroom.

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Instruments used for characterization

• UV-Vis Spectroscopy• FTIR• TEM

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Review Of Literature

Need for antibiotic degradation

• Antibiotics administered to humans and animals don't seem to be 100 percent metabolized by the body. Some active amount is excreted once body metabolism and will notice their thanks to municipal waste matter treatment plants from the excretions (J.I Hussain et al, 2011)

• Exposure of organisms to the antibiotics at inappropriate concentrations, which results in the resistance to the antibiotics. Increase within the variety of antibiotic resistant bacterium strain, could occur and multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria could also be generated as results of selective adaptation and transfer of antibiotic resistance-encoding cellular inclusion (R Bola Sampol, 2014).

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Green synthesis of nanoparticles

• During synthesis of nanoparticles by chemical method having many toxic effect because toxic solution and non polar solvent are present on surface of nanoparticles therefore we need to develop a clean, biocompatible safe cost-effective, sustainable, non-toxic, area in biological method of synthesis of nanoparticles have a safe procedure. In which fungus are use to synthesis of nanoparticle by the use of fungus because they release a large number of enzyme and biomass which are easy to manage. They don’t require chemical for the synthesis of nanoparticles. (R.S Yehia, H. Al-Sheikh, 2014 )

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Rationale of study• Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is the major

reason to degrade antibiotics. Major studies and surveys confirmed the presence of antibiotics in drinking water. (GD Wright, 2005)

• Antibiotics are probably to be free into the aquatic atmosphere via waste material effluent causes non-preventive infectious disease breakdown due to the development of mutagenic multi- antibiotic resistance (JN Bhakta, 2009)

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Aim and objective• To synthesize nanoparticles using Pleurotus

ostreatus and characterize them using techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and TEM.

• To study the effect of nanoparticles concentration on percent degradation of antibiotic.

• To study the effect of antibiotic concentration on percent degradation of antibiotic.

• To study the effect of contact time and pH on percent degradation of antibiotic.

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Methodology

Procurement and maintenance of culture

Preparation of submerged culture

Preparation of cell free extract

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Nanoparticles synthesis

Characterization of Silver nanoparticles (UV-Vis Spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM)

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1. Effect of nanoparticles concentration

2. Effect of antibiotic concentration

Photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic

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3. Effect of contact time

4. Effect of pH

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Results and Observations

• Procurement and maintenance of culture

• Fig 1 (A) (B)

Pleurotus ostreatus on malt extract media Pleurotus ostreatus on malt extract slant

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• Synthesis of nanoparticles

change in color of reaction mixture indicating silver nanoparticles synthesis

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Characterization of nanoparticles

• UV-Vis Spectroscopy

• UV-Vis graph showing best peak at 435nm

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• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Graph showing different functional groups attached with silver nanoparticles

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• Transmission Electron Microscope

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Size of nanoparticles Shape of nanoparticles

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Antibiotic degradation• Effect of nanoparticles concentrationTable 1 Percent Degradation of ampicillin on different concentration of

nanoparticlesConcentration Percent

degradation (Ab Solution)

Percent Degradation (Ab+ NP solution)

1ppm 64 ± 0.032 70± 0.67

2ppm 72 ± 0.029 80 ±0.045

3ppm 76.3 ± 0.045 84±0.34

5ppm 82.4 ± 0.39 94±0.39

7ppm 81.3 ± 0.06 92.0±0.63

9ppm 74 ± 0.54 86.5±0.051

11ppm 67 ± 0.037 77±0.049

13ppm 65 ±0.70 66.9±0.056

• Antibiotic degradation by varying concentration of silver nanoparticles

Here we varied the concentration of nanoparticles from 1-13 ppm and the best result for degradation was observed in the concentration of 5ppm.

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Antibiotic degradation

• Effect of antibiotic concentrationTable 2 Percent Degradation of ampicillin on different concentration of

antibiotic

Concentration Percent degradation (Ab solution)

Percent degradation (Ab+NP solution)

10ppm 92±0.023 98±0.025

20ppm 84±0.035 88±0.038

30ppm 79.4±0.039 84.3±0.042

40ppm 69±0.043 74.2±0.045

50ppm 63.9±0.048 69.9±0.050

60ppm 53±0.053 58.6±0.056

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• Antibiotic degradation by varying the concentration of antibiotic (ampicillin)

As we increased the concentration of antibiotic, it degraded very slowly. We performed degradation at different concentrations of ampicillin i.e from (10-60)ppm. We found best degradation occurred at 10ppm and after 30ppm rate of degradation was reduced.

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Antibiotic degradation

• Effect of contact time Table 3 Percent Degradation of ampicillin by varying the time

Time Percent Degradation (Ab solution)

Percent degradation (Ab+NP solution)

11am 78±0.061 81±0.032

12pm 80.4±0.072 88.6±0.082

1pm 86.4±0.085 90.7±0.087

2pm 90.9±0.090 93.2±0.092

3pm 94.7±0.095 96±0.097

4pm 95±0.100 95.5±0.125

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Percent Degradation of ampicillin by varying the time

• Here the antibiotic concentration was varied between 10-60ppm, keeping the nanoparticles concentration constant at 5ppm. The best degradation was observed after 5 hours.

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Antibiotic degradation

• Effect of pHTable 4. Percent Degradation of ampicillin by varying the pH

pH Percent degradation ( Ab solution

Percent degradation (Ab+ NP solution)

4 84±0.012 89±0.015

5 89.7±0.020 92.7±0.020

6 93.5±0.026 95.5±0.026

7 90.1±0.030 93.1±0.030

8 75±0.055 83±0.055

9 63± 0.034 63± 0.034

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• Degradation by varying pH

We performed this assay by varying pH from 4 to 9. After pH of 7, degradation was slow and at pH of 9, ampicillin was not degraded. The best degradation was observed at the pH of 5.

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Conclusion• Nanoparticles was biosynthesized using Pleurotus ostreatus and

was used for the photocatalytic degradation of ampicillin antibiotic in aqueous solution under natural sunlight irradiation.

• With 5ppm concentration of nanoparticles as a photocatalyst in aqueous solution at pH 6, containing 10ppm of ampicillin antibiotic, a maximum removal efficiency of 96% was achieved after 300 min sunlight irradiation.

• Use of natural, available, inexpensive and healthy sunlight irradiation and low concentration of optimum amount of photocatalyst are advantages of this work .

• Moreover, by using these conditions, almost high removal efficiency was obtained.

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References

• G.D Wright, 2005 Bacterial resistance to antibiotics : Enzymatic degradation and modification advanced drug delivery reviews :1451-1470

• H. Wang, X.L Qiao, J. Chen, S. Ding, 2005. Preparation of Silver nanoparticles by chemical reduction method Journal of nanoscience 98 : 45-57

• J.I Hussain, S. Kumar, A. AdilHashmi, Z. Khan, 2011. Siver nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and kinetics, Nanotechnology and nanosciences 567 (34) 188-194

• J.N Bhakta, 2009 Degradtion of antibiotics Modern Applied Science :3 (2)• R.B Sampol, 2014. Preparation of silver nanoparticles by laser ablation in water The scientific world

journal 8(3): 7• R. Devika, S. Elumalai, E. Manikandan, D. Eswaramoorthy, 2012. Biosynthesis of silver

nanoparticles using Pleurotus ostreatus and their antibacterial activity Open access scientific report :1:12

• R.S Yehia, H. Al-Sheikh, 2014 Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Pleurotus ostreatus world journal of microbiology and biotechnology 30: 2797- 2803

• T. Tsuji, KenzoIryo, N. Watanabe, M. Tsuji, 2002. Preparation of silver nanoparticles by laser ablation in solution: influence of laser wavelength on particle size. Applied surface science, 4332(02): 80-85

• R Bola Sampol, 2014 preparation of silver nanoparticles by laser ablation in water The Scientific World Journal Report. :1:12

• Eger, G., Eden 1976. Pleurotus ostreatus – breeding potential of a new cultivated mushroom. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 47: 155–163

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THANK YOU !!!