four noble truths/eightfold path by hrukti maat. introduction the four noble truth are: life is...
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Four Noble Truths/Eightfold Path
By Hrukti Maat
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Introduction
• The Four Noble Truth are: Life is suffering (dukkha), Origin of Suffering, The Cessation of Suffering, and the Path Leading to Cessation of Suffering
• The gist of Four Noble Truth is the understanding and the way to evade Suffering along the Eightfold Path
• This is the foundational teaching--the advance teaching of Buddhism takes a different turn on the perspective of suffering
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Four Noble Truth
• The First Truth—Life is suffering• Buddha’s initial motivation to seek
enlightenment is due to suffering• The eight inevitable sufferings of life are:– Birth --Aging– Sickness --Death– Unfulfilled desires --Overwhelming senses– Separation of beloved --Gathering of hateful
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Four Noble Truth
• The First Truth—Life is Suffering• The Buddhist perspective is that life is a
suffering sea and that sufferings are inevitable part of life
• Therefore the evasion of the sufferings of life is the primary goal of Buddhist practitioner and that the subsequent works are gearing toward this goal
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Four Noble Truth
• The Second Truth—The Origin of Suffering• There are many types of desires, all of which
can lead to suffering– Types of desires: • Sensual desires--cravings (i.e. food, sleep, sex) • Emotional desires—desire for love, power, dominance• Spiritual desires—need to exist (physical attachment)
– Desire arise out of “ignorance” – Ignorance arise out of ego
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Four Noble Truth
• The Second Truth—The Origin of Suffering• By understand the origin of suffering, the
practitioner gains a perspective on suffering and realize their pursue of desires are the root cause of their sufferings
• With the new found perspective, the practitioners can begin to reverse the cycle of suffering and transcend out of suffering
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The Four Noble Truth
• The Third Truth—The Cessation of Suffering• The eradication of all desires is the way toward
the cessation of suffering• When a person achieved the state of without
desires, then the Nirvana experience will occur, by which the person will no longer get caught in the cycle of suffering
• The way to achieve the state without desire is the Fourth Truth
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The Four Noble Truth
• The Fourth Truth—the Path toward the Cessation of Suffering
• The Eightfold path is the Fourth truth and the path toward the cessation of suffering
• The Eightfold path are:– Right perspective --Right thought– Right speech --Right action– Right livelihood --Right endeavor– Right mindfulness --Right meditation
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Overview
• The gist of the Eightfold path is the concept of “righteousness” and the applications of this concept
• Righteousness is the most powerful spiritual element and the application of righteousness to various aspects of spiritual practice will ensure evasion of suffering and spiritual accomplishment
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Right View
• Right View means right perspective or correct way of seeing events and things
• Right view means do not see the world as your enemy, do not think money is everything and do not think you’re the king and everyone is your slave, etc.
• Right view enables a person to see through the falsehood of the world and be able to release hatred, greed and attachment
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Right Thought
• Right thought is the promotion of good thought and positive thinking
• Right thought means do not think of negative thought of death or destruction, do not think of harm to anyone, etc.
• Right thought is very important because every evil Karma is initiated in the mind and so safeguarding the mind is very critical to the success of spiritual endeavor
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Right Speech
• Right speech pertains to everything that a person says
• Right speech means no profanity, no deception, no mockery, no rumor, etc. (nothing that may harm a person’s feelings or reputation)
• Know that your words are mantra with magical power, so use them wisely
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Right Action
• Right action means doing things to benefit others instead of harming others
• Right action means no killing, no stealing, no fornication, no violence, etc.. (nothing that would harm another person’s body or property)
• Right action also means to do things that benefits other people such as giving and serving (again do what is right)
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Right Livelihood
• Right livelihood means having jobs or career that are positive and beneficial
• Right livelihood means don’t be a professional criminal (i.e. Mafia hit man), don’t be a butcher or hunter, don’t be a prostitute, etc.
• Some less desirable professions are: cook, bartender, casino dealer, lawyer for criminal defense
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Right Effort
• Right effort means the right endeavor or right personal pursue
• Right effort means do not pursue hobbies such as hunting or fishing, weapon creation, writing that promotes negativity, etc.
• Right effort means endeavor to do things that are beneficial to other and promote peace and harmony in the society
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Right Mindfulness
• Right Mindfulness also means right intention or right motivation
• Right mindfulness means do not wish others ill, do not curse, do not pray for disaster, do not wish for stock market crash, etc.
• Know that your thoughts and intention are loudly broadcasted in the spirit world and your mindfulness attracts the similar type of spirits into your life
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Right Concentration
• Right concentration also means right meditation or mental focus
• Right concentration means practicing the meditation that will be most beneficial to a person’s enlightenment (i.e. Three Treasures)
• Without right concentration, a person can waste his or her whole life and achieve only minor or trivial success
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The Four Noble Truth
• The Advance Perspective– The Hinayana tradition (the small vehicle) is totally
focused on the Four Noble Truth so their entire focus of practice is on the evasion of sufferings
– The Mahayana tradition (the great vehicle tradition) is less focus on the evasion of suffering, rather it focus on the expansion of the capacity to endure suffering
– The Bodhisattva way is the enduring of sufferings for others so they too can attain Nirvana
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Conclusion
• The Four Noble Truth (along with the Eightfold path) are the foundational teachings of Buddhism.
• The entire focus is on the evasion of suffering and the ways to achieve the state of non-suffering (or Nirvana)
• The Mahayana tradition expanded on the teaching to the embrace of sufferings
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Questions