Fractional Distillation

Fractional Distillation Science separating Mixture

Ashutosh Goel

What is Fractional Distillation?

Separating solutions

Different boiling points

Fractionating Column

Physical Properties

Fractional distillation is a process of separating solutions by different boiling points. For example, when there is a lower boiling point, it evaporates quickly than the other components. By this process we can collect different types of materials and elements. Mixtures are split from one another by heating it in a column and collecting and condensing the vapours from different levels of the column. 2

How does it work?

Heat the mixtures with different boiling points. (High pressure)

3. The vapours rise to fractional distillation column

2. The mixture starts to boil and forming vapour

4. The vapours condenses in a column called Condenser 5. Distillate is received in a receiving flask.

The process of fractional distillation is

Heat the mixture of two or more substances with different boiling points to a high temperature. Heating is usually done with high pressure.The mixture starts to boil and forming vapour. The vapours rise to the each column and filled with trays or plates. As the vapour rises through the trays in the column, it cools down the vapours, which turns into the liquid again.In different levels of the column, we can collect different liquids (vapours)

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What are the products used for?

Separating Crude OilSeparating Chemicals in the lab Alcoholic Drinks Spirits Creating Perfume

Fractional distillation is used industrially to separate petroleum fractions. Liquefied air is separated into its components by fractional distillation.4

Alcoholic beverages

Fractional Distillation Tower

Fractional distillation

Cost : 1 million RMB 10 million RMB(depends on the size)

Cost to run: Depends on the capacity and types of oil

Areas : America / Russia / Middle East

Employees : 4-5 people in Europe / 10-30 people in China Special Thanks to Charles Jennie

What are hydrocarbons?

Organic Chemical Compound

Hydrogen and Carbon

Different Properties ( Solid, Liquid, Gas)

More than 100,000 hydrocarbons

Many different uses

Crude Oil

Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbon is an organic chemical compound, which contains carbon and hydrogen. The interesting fact about this chemical compound is that it can be form as gases, liquids or solids depend on the form of things. They are usually found in plants, petroleum, natural gas, oil shale and more. They are used as fuels and some industrial chemicals such as plastics, dyes, drugs and other products.Actually, there are more than 100,000 hydrocarbons are known because carbon atoms can unite (combine) with many different ways to form different shapes.

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Hydrocarbons chain - crude oil

What research is currently being done on fractional distillation?

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Interesting facts

The distillation process at an oil refinery consumes 2 barrels of oil in energy for every 100 barrels of refined oil

Widely use in Make-Up

It is also used in create natural food flavourings