frame and panel design

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Jrgk` gfl ^gf`m L`socf Of ky mgst grtoam`, O shbw`l hbw wbbl sao`fa` os a bfsol`r`l wh`f l`socfofc g tgim`. Of thos grtoam`, O womm abv`r hbw wbbl sao`fa` `jj`ats lbbrs, sp`aojoagmmy th` jrgk`-gfl-pgf`m l`socf. Ots Fbt Dust Jbr Mbbes \h` jrgk`-gfl-pgf`m l`socf (j & p l`socf) s`rv`s gf okpbrtgft purpbs`. Gmthbuch ot os gttrgatov`, ot os fbt dust jbr mbbes. G k`tgm lbbr woth g j & p mbbe, os stroatmy g`sth`toa, iut thgt os fbt th` ags` wh`f th` lbbr os kgl` bj wbbl. \b shbw hbw wbbl kbv`k`ft `jj`ats sbmol lbbrs, mbbe gt th` sokpm` focht tgim` of Joc. 7. Oj thos focht tgim` w`r` iuomt lurofc g p`robl bj mbw r`mgtov` hukoloty, th` lbb r wbuml i` gt ots skgmm`st lok`fsobf. G cgp bj 7/7:grbufl th` `ftor` lbbr kgy mbbe cbbl g`sth`toagmmy, iut th` lbbr abuml `xpgfl iy 7/8garbss ots wolth gs hukoloty ofar`gs`s mgt`r of th` y`gr. \h` hofc` sol` agft b jj`r gfy rbbk jbr kbv`k`ft, i`agus` th` lbbr os  p`rkgf`ftmy jox`l of bf` pbsotobf iy th` hofc`s. Gt i`st, th` lbbr womm i`abk` sb tochtmy w`lc`l of ots bp`fofc thgt ot wbuml fbt i ` gim` tb bp`f lurofc hoch hukoloty s`gsbfs. Gt wbrst, th` lbbr abuml `x`rt sb kuah pr`ssur` ofsol` th` bp`fofc thgt ot wbuml jbra` dbof`ry gpgrt. \h` dbofts wh`r` th` tbp gfl ibttbk pgf`ms k``t th` sol` pgf`ms gr` th` b f`s gt rose.  Fbtoa` thgt mbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft os z`rb jbr th` lbbr, sb ot wbft i`abk` w`lc`l of gt th` tbp gfl ibttbk, bfmy gt th` m`jt sol` (th` fbf-hofc` sol`). \h` bp`fofc ots`mj lb`sft ahgfc` of soz`, i `agus` th` bp`fofc os l`jof`l abkpm`t`my iy mbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft bj th` tbp, ibttbk, gfl sol` pgf`ms. Gatugmmy, th` b p`fofc soz` womm ahgfc` v`ry smochtmy, igs`l bf th` rglogm kbv `k`ft bj thbs` agrags` pgf`ms. \hos os th` kbv`k`ft of thoaef`ss, gssukofc jmgt-sgwf muki`r. Iut th` gatugm thoaef`ss ahgfc` bj 1/<tb 7thoae kgt`rogm womm i` `xtr`k`my skgmm. Joc. 9, shbws th` sgk` `xgkpm` gcgof, iut thos tok` woth g j & p lbbr. \h` jrgk` ots`mj womm `xpgfl iy bfm y 7/:<of wolth. \h` sbmol wbbl pgf`m of th` kollm` womm `xpgfl iy 1/19o f wolth, woth fb kbv`k`ft of h`ocht. H`fa`, th` t btgm lbbr `xpgfsobf of wolth os 7/8, dust gs of Joc. 7. Iut 1/19(br 1/< bj th` tbtgm `xpgfsobf) os gaabuft`l jbr 

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Page 1: Frame and Panel Design

7/23/2019 Frame and Panel Design

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Jrgk` gfl ^gf`m L`socf

Of ky mgst grtoam`, O shbw`l hbw wbbl sao`fa` os abfsol`r`l wh`f l`socfofc g tgim`. Of thos grtoam`, O womm abv`r hbw wbbl sao`fa` `jj`ats lbbrs, sp`aojoagmmy th` jrgk`-gfl-pgf`m l`socf.

Ot‟s Fbt Dust Jbr Mbbes

\h` jrgk`-gfl-pgf`m l`socf (j & p l`socf) s`rv`s gf okpbrtgft purpbs`. Gmthbuch ot os gttrgatov`, ot os fbt dust

jbr mbbes. G k`tgm lbbr woth g j & p mbbe, os stroatmy g`sth`toa, iut thgt os fbt th` ags` wh`f th` lbbr os kgl` bj 

wbbl.

\b shbw hbw wbbl kbv`k`ft `jj`ats sbmol lbbrs, mbbe gt th` sokpm` focht tgim` of Joc. 7. Oj thos focht tgim`

w`r` iuomt lurofc g p`robl bj mbw r`mgtov` hukoloty, th` lbbr wbuml i` gt ots skgmm`st lok`fsobf. G cgp bj 7/7:‛grbufl th` `ftor` lbbr kgy mbbe cbbl g`sth`toagmmy, iut th` lbbr abuml `xpgfl iy 7/8‛ garbss ots wolth gshukoloty ofar`gs`s mgt`r of th` y`gr. \h` hofc` sol` agf‟t bjj`r gfy rbbk jbr kbv`k`ft, i`agus` th` lbbr os

 p`rkgf`ftmy jox`l of bf` pbsotobf iy th` hofc`s.

Gt i`st, th` lbbr womm i`abk` sb tochtmy w`lc`l of ots bp`fofc thgt ot wbuml fbt i` gim` tb bp`f lurofc hoch

hukoloty s`gsbfs. Gt wbrst, th` lbbr abuml `x`rt sb kuah pr`ssur` ofsol` th` bp`fofc thgt ot wbuml jbra` dbof`ry

gpgrt. \h` dbofts wh`r` th` tbp gfl ibttbk pgf`ms k``t th` sol` pgf`ms gr` th` bf`s gt rose.

 Fbtoa` thgt mbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft os z`rb jbr th` lbbr, sb ot wbf‟t i`abk` w`lc`l of gt th` tbp gfl ibttbk,

bfmy gt th` m`jt sol` (th` fbf-hofc` sol`). \h` bp`fofc ots`mj lb`sf‟t ahgfc` of soz`, i`agus` th` bp`fofc os

l`jof`l abkpm`t`my iy mbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft bj th` tbp, ibttbk, gfl sol` pgf`ms. Gatugmmy, th` bp`fofc soz`womm ahgfc` v`ry smochtmy, igs`l bf th` rglogm kbv`k`ft bj thbs` agrags` pgf`ms. \hos os th` kbv`k`ft of

thoaef`ss, gssukofc jmgt-sgwf muki`r.

Iut th` gatugm thoaef`ss ahgfc` bj 1/<‛ tb 7‛ thoae kgt`rogm womm i` `xtr`k`my skgmm. Joc. 9, shbws th` sgk`

`xgkpm` gcgof, iut thos tok` woth g j & p lbbr. \h` jrgk` ots`mj womm `xpgfl iy bfmy 7/:<‛ of wolth.

\h` sbmol wbbl pgf`m of th` kollm` womm `xpgfl iy 1/19‛ of wolth, woth fb kbv`k`ft of h`ocht. H`fa`, th` tbtgm

lbbr `xpgfsobf of wolth os 7/8‛, dust gs of Joc. 7. Iut 1/19‛ (br 1/< bj th` tbtgm `xpgfsobf) os gaabuft`l jbr 

wothof th` pgf`m ots̀ mj. \h` but`r prbpbrtobfs bj th` lbbr bfmy `xpgfl iy 7/19‛ of wolth. Qb th` 7/7:‛ cgp bf th`

m`jt sol` bj th` lbbr os twoa` gs mgrc` gs f``l`l. \hos os g lbbr thgt womm swofc jr``my jrbk s`gsbf tb s`gsbf,wothbut roseofc lgkgc`l dbofts.

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\h` Lbbr ^gf`m Kust Kbv` Jr``my

Gmm bj thos i`cs th` qu`stobf bj hbw th` pgf`m os jr`` tb kbv`, `v`f thbuch th` jrgk` ots`mj os igr`my kbvofc gt

gmm. \h` gfsw`r os efbwf gs g ‘jmbgtofc pgf`m‟. \hgt os, th` pgf`m ots`mj agffbt i` p`rkgf`ftmy cmu`l br bth`rwos`gttgah`l tb th` jrgk`. Oj ot os, th` pgf`m‟s `xpgfsobf womm ir`ge th` jrgk` gpgrt gt th` abrf`r dbofts, br th` pgf`m

womm argae wh`f ot tro`s tb abftrgat iut os fbt gmmbw`l tb. (\hos os sokomgr tb th` `xgkpm` bj th` tgim`tbp gfl igs`

of th` mgst grtoam`.) \h` troae os tb aut br rbut lglbs of th` jrgk`s ofsol` `lc`s tb gaa`pt th` but`r `lc`s bj th`

 pgf`m. \h`r` kust i` `fbuch `xtrg l`pth bj th` lglbs tb gaabkkblgt` th` kgxokuk `xpgfsobf `xp`at`l jrbkth` pgf`m. Gmsb, th` pgf`m kust cb jgr `fbuch oftb th` lglbs thgt ot f`v`r abftrgats sb kuah (lurofc mbw r`mgtov`

hukoloty p`robls) gs tb jgmm but bj th` jrgk` gmtbc`th`r. Joc. 1 shbws th` abfa`pt of th` ags` bj g rgos`l j & p

lbbr.

 Fbt` thgt ybu t`ahfoagmmy lbf‟t f``l gfy `xtrg lglb l`pth bf th` lbbr rgoms, i`agus` th` pgf`m‟s mbfcotulofgm

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kbv`k`ft os z`rb. Of prgatoa`, thbuch, ybu wbuml fbrkgmmy m`gv` sbk` spga` tb `fsur` thgt th` pgf`m jots oftbth` jrgk` `gsomy gt cmu`-up. G iot bj rbbk os gmsb g cbbl ol`g tb gaabkkblgt` sbk` wolth wos` kbv`k`ft bj 

th` rgoms th`ks`mv`s, gmthbuch ot os kofokgm. Qbk` wbblwbre`rs pr`j`r tb kge` gmm bj th` lglbs th` sgk` l`pth,

 dust tb sokpmojy kgahof`ry s`t-up tok`.(Joc. <.)

^offofc \h` ^gf`m

_bu‟mm r`agmm jrbk ky mgst grtoam`, thgt O moe` tb s`aur` th` kollm` bj g tgim` tbp tb ots igs` tb cugrgft`` thgt th`

tbp os gmwgys a`ftr`l. O lb th` sgk` thofc woth gf j & p lbbr. Of Joc. <, (gibv`) ybu‟mm s`` g a`ft`rofc pof of th`

kollm` bj th` pgf`m gt tbp gfl ibttbk. Gjt`r cmuofc th` lbbr tbc`th`r, O womm fulc` th` pgf`m oftb th` a`ftr`l pbsotobf woth g ruii`r kgmm`t struae bf gf gfcm`. Ot h`mps tb put g skgmm p`faom kgre gt th` a`ftr̀ bj th` pgf`m

gfl rgoms i`jbr` cmu`-up. Gjt`r ufamgkpofc, O‟mm lromm g tofy hbm` thrbuch th` igae bj th` lbbr rgoms, whoah cb`s

thrbuch th` `fl bj th` pgf`m tbb. Ot agf `v`f cb pgrtogmmy oftb th` bth`r sol` bj th` rgom, iut kge` sur` ot lb`sf‟tcb rocht thrbuch. \h`f O‟mm ofs`rt g tofy wbbl`f lbw`m br gf gftoqu` fgom. G 7/8‛ logk`t`r lbw`m wbres jof` jbr 

mgrc` lbbrs. Iut jbr skgmm`r lbbrs wh`r` th`r` osf‟t `fbuch rbbk jbr g wbbl`f lbw`m, O‟mm us` g imgae 

squgr`h`gl`l r`prbluatobf fgom. G 7/7:‛ logk. hbm` usugmmy wbres w`mm gfl th` tofy squgr` h`gl of th` rbufl

hbm` os g foa` tbuah. Lbf‟t seop th` st`p bj pr`-lrommofc jbr th` fgom, gs ybu‟r` moe`my tb spmot th` pgf`m.

Ot‟s Fbt Dust Jbr Lbbrs

S` gmwgys thofe bj lbbrs wh`f w` thofe bj j & p l`socf. Iut th` sgk` gpprbgah os us`l of gmm eofls bj jurfotur`

 pgrts, suah gs whbm` agiof`t sol`s. Of Joc. 0, jbr `xgkpm`, w` s`` g agiof`t sol` iuomt of th` j & p stym`. Fbtoa`

thgt th` wbbl`f lrgw`r ruff`rs agf i` sar`w`l lor`atmy tb th` stom`s, gfl gmsb tb th` a`ftr` bj th` pgf`m.

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@v`f thbuch th` mbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft bj th` ruff`rs os z`rb, th` jrgk` bj th` agiof`t sol` hgrlmy kbv`s of

wolth gt gmm. Gfl th` sar`w of th` a`ftr` bj th` pgf`m k`r`my h`mps tb e``p ot a`ftr`l. \h` s`abfl logcrgk of Joc.

0 shbws th` sgk` s`t-up, iut woth g sbmol pgf`m sol`. Of thgt ags`, th` sbmol pgf`m womm `xpgfl gfl abftrgat

socfojoagftmy of wolth, pgrtoaumgrmy oj kgl` bj jmgt-sgwf muki`r. Bf th` bth`r hgfl, th` lrgw`r ruff`rs hgv` z`rbmbfcotulofgm kbv`k`ft, whoah irofcs g arbss-crgof abfstruatobf ossu` tb th` jbr`jrbft.

\h` sbmutobf os tb jox bf` `fl bj th` ruff`rs bfmy, whom` th` a`ftr` gfl bth`r `fl gr` jox`l woth `mbfcgt`l sar`w

smbts. \h` joxofc sar`w abuml i` gt `oth`r `fl br `v`f of th` kollm`, iut bfmy bf` agf i` jox`l, whom` th` bth`rs

gr` `mbfcgt`l smbts.

Abfamusobf

\h` jrgk`-gfl-pgf`m l`socf wgs l`v`mbp`l tb sbmv` wbbl kbv`k`ft ossu`s, fbt i`agus` bj mbbes. Hbw`v`r, th`

gll`l i`f`jot bj cbbl mbbes agf i` `xpmbot`l tb th` jumm`st, woth g vgro`ty bj pbssoim` pgf`m gfl jrgk` stym`s. F`v`r mbs` socht bj th` r`gm purpbs` bj thos l`socf k`thbl, whoah os tb `fsur` thgt wbbl kbv`k`ft lb`sf‟t

wr`ge hgvba woth ybur jurfotur`. S` wgft thofcs tb wbre gs w`mm of 7>> y`grs gs th`y lb fbw.

Of ky f`xt grtoam`, O‟mm mbbe gt th` prbim`k bj ir`glibgrl `fls, gfl sokomgr arbss-crgof ossu`s.

H@FLYOE ZGYDP os g jof` jurfotur` l`socf`r/iuoml`r whb prbvol`s wbblwbreofc ofstruatobf gfl

s`kofgrsf`gr Gatbf, Bftgrob.

JP@F\@