frank lloyd wright 1867 - 1959 lifespan anchors him in arts and crafts
TRANSCRIPT
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Frank Lloyd Wright1867 -
1959
lifespan anchors him in Arts and Crafts
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Wright Mackintosh
•rationalized•no applied ornamentation•rooted to floor•no organicism•could be argued Arts and Crafts as well as Art Nouveau
furniture
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background
•did not like to admit that anyone else inspired him•froebel blocks—played with as a child
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background
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Wright House, Oak Park, IL, 1889-1895
architecture
•shingle style—with brick and stone•little classical detailing—palladian window
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Winslow House, River Forest, IL, 1893
architecture
starts to create elements of “prairie style”— inspired by long sweeping horizontal line of the
prairie
heavy eaves–creates heavy shadowclay tile
brick (used as veneer)
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architectural detail clay tile
Roman brick
•used clay tiles—somewhat like Louis Sullivan•long slender “Roman brick”
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Robie House, FLW, Chicago, IL, 1909
architecture
•further development of prairie style•clear interest in the horizontal line
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architecture
•very modern looking—everything else was craftsman or beaux arts•very innovative
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architecture
•Louis Sullivan—saw grid & construction•Frank Lloyd Wright—hides structure
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architectural detail
Roman brick—flush vertical joint to accentuate horizontal nature
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architecture
Where is front door?
have to search for the door—forces you to explore the building
more closely
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architecture
front door?
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architecture
front door?
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architecture
front door?
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architecture
front door
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architecture
open plan—staircase & fireplace separate spaces visually
really wants to “break out of the box”—designs rectangular box & takes every opportunity to break
through
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interiors
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interiors
•uses COMPRESSION—small entry, tight stair and then RELEASE—large, spacious living room
•17th century colonial homes were inspiration—horizontal beams, hearth was heart of American culture
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interiors
furniture emphasizes horizontality—all one level
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interiors
windows negate corners—breaks out of box
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interiors
door goes out to space under extended eaves
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interiors
bay window points out at an angle—extending space
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interior detail
•pure geometry—abstracted foliage•in order to see real nature, see his abstracted design in front of it
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interiors
•fireplace used to divide space—hearth, center role•chimney—only piece on exterior with verticality
all lighting built-in
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interiors
carves out niche to emphasize idea of one room
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interiors
•recognized furniture was not comfortable•very Art Nouveau in the sense that light is built-in to table•table glows, rest of room is in shadow—chairs also block out view—enhances social interaction
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Larkin Building, FLW, Buffalo, NY, 1904 with furniture by Steelcase Corporation
architecture
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architecture
•exterior is all brick—bright red/oranges•vertical circulation is expressed at corners
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architecture
large atrium that goes all the way to the top floor
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architecture/interiors•open office planning—beginning of the cubicle
•built strictly in a hierarchal sense—very open at bottom (women) to more closed and secluded at top (men)
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architecture/interiors open plan
pros: •flexible•group and regroup people as you need to •does not create any dead circulation space
cons:•noisy•no privacy•shows your status clearly
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interiors
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interiors
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interiors
middle management—more of a sense of enclosure
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furniture
•early versions of office chairs—look machine made•3 legged design tipped over easily—had to redesign
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furniture
•follows prairie style—long horizontal planes•tipped if too much stuff was put on side with drawers
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architecture
falling water
just outside of Pittsburgh
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architectural detail
•communes with nature—manmade beams and rock work together to form foundation
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architectural detail
•stairway takes you right to water of river•built beams around trees
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architecture
compressed entry
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architecture
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architecture
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interiors
•built-in, low horizontal furniture•reds, oranges, yellows—focus is on the views
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interiors
•fireplace uses the sphere and square motif•indentation in rock wall to hold sphere
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interiors
stairway takes you right to water of river
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interiors
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interiors
Arts and Crafts ideals—more of a folk craft style
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interiors
•bookshelves custom built to fit stairs
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interiors
design detail—space in desktop for window to open