free and open source gis
DESCRIPTION
Presentation at the OSEPA workhosp about free and open source GIS software in public administration.TRANSCRIPT
Open Source Software forGeographic informationstystem (GIS)Jachym Cepicky
• Help Service - Remote Sensing• http://bnhelp.cz
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• Help Service - Remote Sensing s.r.o.• Member of GRASS GIS
http://grass.osge.org development team• Founder and developer of PyWPS
http://pywps.wald.intevation.org
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
GIS - "Maps in the computer"GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate,analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical
data.
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Standards and formats of geo-datanad data transfareTwo types of geodata representation is used raster avector
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Rastersuitable for description of data with continuous change(digital elevation model, temperatures, ...) - datawithout clear borders
JPEG, GeoTIFF (TIFF, PNG, GIF, MrSid, ...), databases(Oracle-spatial, PostGIS, ...)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Vectorsuitable for descriptio of discrete types of data (streets,parcels, sensors, ...)
ESRI Shapefile, GML, KML, GPX, ..., databases(Oracle-spatial, PostGIS, Spatial-lite, couch-db, ...)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Standards for data transfer
• Geodata do usually have big volumes (n*GB)(example aerial photos
digital elevation model, cadaster data, ...), butsmall volumes as well (GPS track in GPX).
• Data can be often updated data (sensor position -car tracking)
or sometimes updated (aerial photos).• For their transfer, media with large capacity must be
used (no problem nowadays).• Widely accepted standards for data transfer across
computer networks (internet) are defined: OGC OpenWeb Services
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Open Geospatial Consortium
• OGC: http://opengeospatial.org• Open standards for GIS• Payed mambership• OGC Open Web Services (OWS)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OGC Open Web ServicesTask:
Transfer data from the server to the clientClient:
Web browser, desktop program, mobile device, robot, ...Types of geodata
• Raster• Vector• Image• ...
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
All standards do share
• They are XML-based• GetCapabilites request - returns back document
with service metadata description
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OGC Web Map ServiceWith help of OGC WMS, server and client will "agree" onimage - the map - which client wants to get and server isable to provide. Some request parameters:
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• service - WMS• request - GetMap• version - 1.3.0• layers - forest,traffic• bbox - 49,15,51,17• crs - EPSG:4326• width - 800• height - 600• format - image/png
http://gis.bnhelp.cz/ows/crtopo?service=wms&request=getmap&version=1.3.0&layers=les,doprava&bbox=49,15,51,17&crs=EPSG:4326&width=800&height=600&format=image/pngIn this case (WMS), no geodata are returned back - justtheir "picture".
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OGC Web Feature ServiceWith help of OGC WFS standard, raw vector data in definedencoding are returned back. There is also WFS-T variant,which enables direct data manipulation on the server(vector data editing).
• service - WFS• request - GetFeature• typename - NUTS1• version - 1.1.0
http://gis.bnhelp.cz/ows/crwfs?service=wfs&request=getfeature&typename=okresy&version=1.1.0Server returns back real data
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OGC Web Coverage ServiceWith help of OGC WCS raster geodata are transfered - aerialphotos, digital elevation model, multi-band satelite images,...
• service - WCS• version - 1.0.0• request - getcoverage• coverage -
OMAERUVd:FinalAerosolAbsOpticalDepth500• crs - epsg:4326• bbox - 14,49,17,51• heigh - 600• width - 800
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
http://acdisc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/wcsL3?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=getcoverage&coverage=OMAERUVd:FinalAerosolAbsOpticalDepth500&crs=epsg:4326&bbox=14,49,17,51&heigh=600&width=800&format=netCDFServer sends back to the client real raster data
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OGC OWS Conclusion
• http://opengeospatial.org/standards• OGC WMS - maps• OGC WCS - rasters• OGC WFS - vectors• OGC WPS - processes, calculations• OGC SOS - sensors• OGC CS-W - metadata• GML, KML,• SLD• Simple Feature• ...
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Infrastructure for SpatialInformation in the EuropeanCommunity - INSPIRE
• INSPIRE (INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation inEurope)
• http://inspire.gov.cz/• EU Comission initiative, directive 2007/2/EC• Build common European spatial data infrastracture
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• Geodata harmonisation
• Coordinate reference systems• Cadaster maps• Thematic data (geology, land planning,
pedology, ...)• Building of national geoportals, which will work as
central point of data search across all state institutionsand communication point to the European geoportal.
• Metadata
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• INSPIRE builds on top of OGC standards
• Download Service - WCS, WFS• View Service - WMS• Transformation Service• Discovery - CS-W
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
What does it mean to Open Source?• Using Open Source programs, we have to make sure,
they are supporting OGC Standards.• We have to make also sure, INSPIRE directive can be
done with help of those tools
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
GIS on the desktop: Data, analysis,cartography
• Programs are running on user's desktop• Usually, they have some analytical modules with
algorithms for complex data analysis: Weathermodelling, flood wave spread, digital elevation modelinterpolation, isolines derivation, shortest pathcalculations, ...
• Data and GIS it self are on the same computer
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• http://qgis.org• geodata viewer + some analytical functions (also GUI to
GRASS GIS)• Windows, Linux (UNIX), MacOS
• Usage of QGIS in public administration:http://qgis.org/en/community/qgis-case-studies.html
• QGIS in the governmental FOSSGIS stack ofthe Canton of Solothurn in Switzerland
• QGIS - an interesting instrument for forestryplanning concepts at local and regional levelin Switzerland
• QGIS and GRASS in Local Government BushfireHazard Mapping
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• Using a free GIS at Jaime Moniz SecondarySchool: Quantum GIS
• The use of QGIS in the Geodata Infrastructureof the City of Uster
• City Munich Open Source software transfer -used QGIS
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• http://grass.osgeo.org• Since 1982, US Army, Cerl• Heavy analytical tool• GUI build on top of command line interface• Windows, Linux, MacOS• Special features : 3D rasters, 3D vectors, time• Great possibility of process automatization - scripting
with various languages (Python)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OpenJUMP, gvSIG, uDigOpenJUMP
• Java• Geodata viewer• http://openjump.org
gvSIG
• Founded by Spanish government• Geodata viewer• http://gvsig.org
uDig
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• Build on top of GeoTools - Java• Geodata viewer• http://udig.refractions.net/
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
LibrariesGDAL http://gdal.org
Transformation between various vector and raster dataformats
Proj4 http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/Coordinates transformation between various coordinatereference systems
R http://r-project.orgStatistical software
...
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
GIS on the server: Mappingservices, data servicesServer programs for data analysis and creation of mapimages. They also serve geodata requested by the client.PostGIS
• PostgreSQL extension• Deals with data (rasters, vectors) stored in
database (not in files).• Analytical functions• http://postgis.org/
Spatial-lite, CouchDB, ...
• No-SQL database
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
MapServer
• http://mapserver.org• Originally developed with NASA• Advanced cartographic output• Still the fastest mapping server (FOSS4G-Denver
2011)• Most used OS GIS software v Czech (COSMC, FMI,
Liberec region, NP Šumava, ...)GeoServer
• Java• http://geoserver.org• Popular server implementing OGC standards• Most used in "java world"
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
DeeGree
• java• http://deegree.org• Popular in Germany (Bonn)• Implementing OGC Standards
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
GIS on the web: mappingapplications, geoportals
• Web browser: platform for work with geodata• The platform is not quite ideal:
• Data size• Data formats• Depending on the users computer (size of RAM,
processor speed, ...)• Various support of web standards (HTML (5),
JavaScript, CSS, ...)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• Web formats of raster data: PNG, JPEG, GIF vs. GeoTiff• Vector data: XML, Text vs. ESRI Shapefile (binary, 3
files)• Capabilities of displaying vector data: SVG (standard),
VML
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
OpenLayers
• JavaScript library for building of map applications• Supports various raster (WMS, Tiles, ESRI, Google,
Yahoo, ...)• and vector (GML, WFS, GPX, KML, Text, ...) data formats• Transformation of data between coordinate reference
systems• Ready for devices with touch screen• http://openlayers.org
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Projects building on top of OpenLayers
• GeoExt http://geoext.org• HSLayers http://hslayers.org
Examples of OpenLayers usage:
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
• ČUZK• National INSPIRE Geoportal• EU INSPIRE Geoportál• ...
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
HSLayers
• http://hslayers.org• OpenLayers (http://openlayers.org) + ExtJS
(http://sencha.org)• JavaScript library building of web mapping applications• INSPIRE• Czech national INSPIRE Geoportal
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Leaflet
• http://leaflet.cloudmade.com/• Light JavaScript library (compared to OpenLayers)• Supports smaller amount of data formats• Supports only "google" (mercator) coordinate reference
system
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Data for GIS• Open data standards• Free available data• OpenStreetMap http://openstreetmap.org• Many project are going from closed source solution to
open source: Google -> OpenStreetMap (Apple,Foursquare, ...) - what about OSEPA?
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
FOSS4G-CEE• Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial in
Central and East Europe• Prague, 21.5. - 23.5.• http://foss4g-cee.org•
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
Conclusion• Open Source Geospatial software is already used in
public administration• There are old mature projects, supporting latest
standards• It does implement standards faster then closed-source
tools (thanks to (among others) faster release process)• Development is founded by private companies or public
administration (QGIS, MapServer, GRASS GIS)
FOSS GIS
Jachym Cepicky, [email protected]
