French and Indian War Part II

Braddock’s Blundering and Its Aftermath

• 1757 Edward Braddock and 2,000 men set out to VA to capture Fort Duquesne

• The men are ill disciplined colonial militiamen• Encounter a much smaller French and Indian

army who repel the British and kill Braddock• Natives experience this easy victory and set

out on a war path scalping colonists– Scalping within up to 80 miles of Philadelphia

British Attempt to Invade Canada

• 1756 British launch a full scale invasion into Canada

• Poor strategy: Tried to attack multiple posts simultaneously instead of focusing on the most important: Montreal and Quebec

• British continue to be defeated

Pitt’s Victories• 1757 William Pitt is the Secretary of State in

Britain during the French and Indian War• Took over wartime operations• Felt control of North America was crucial for

Britain’s global domination

• If you were William Pitt what would be one strategy that you would use to try to make Britain more successful in the war?

Pitts Strategies

• Gave local authorities in America control of recruitment and supplies with the promise that they would be reimbursed for their efforts (wanted their support)

• Replaced old military leaders with new younger leaders

• New military strategy to concentrate one the vital Montreal/Quebec area

British Victory #1

• 1758 Pitt sent a powerful expedition against Louisbourg- an important strategic port that the British used along the St. Lawrence seaway.

British Victory #2

• Pitt chose James Wolfe to lead the siege on Quebec (later called Battle of Quebec)

• Wolfe’s troops climbed the cliffs over the city of Quebec to achieve a dramatic victory

• Wolfe was killed in this battle• This victory gave the British supremacy in

Canada!• If you are a member of the British military or the

colonial militia what is one word to sum up your feeling after this important victory?

Paris Peace Settlement 1763• French power is removed from North

America• The French were allowed to keep 2 valuable

sugar islands in the West Indies and 2 islets in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (fishing stations)

• France seeded all of Louisiana to the Spanish• Gave Britain Florida in exchange for Cuba

The Fate of the Colonies

• If the British had lost the French and Indian War what do you think would have happened to the colonies?

The Natives• The treaty that ends the war is harsh towards

the Natives who now lack European allies• Pontiac (Chief of Ottawa) Led several native

tribes in a violent effort to try to drive the British out of the Ohio Valley

• If you were a Native American tribal leader at this time would you have done what Pontiac did or would you have tried to make peace with the British?

Native-British Fighting

• Overran 3 British posts- killed 2,000 soldiers and settlers

• British retaliate swiftly and cruelly• Give the Natives small pox infected blankets• British begin to recognize the need to stabilize

relations with the Natives

• Do you believe that anything is fair in war or that moral guidelines should be followed?

On a notecard choose one perspective of the French and Indian War (the British, the French, the Natives, or the American colonists) and write a few sentences in response to the question: • What kind of lasting affect did the war have

on your group?