Frequency, Percentage, and Proportion

Statistical Based Graphical Displays

Dot Plots• a plot that displays a dot for each value in a data set

along a number line • when multiple occurrences for a specific value occur,

the dots will be stacked vertically. Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Defects 10 10 6 12 6 9 16 20 11 10

Day 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Defects 11 11 9 12 11 7 10 11 14 21

Day 21 22 23 24 25

Defects 12 6 10 11 6

Dot Plots• Ex: Dot Plot for frequency of manufacturing defects

Bar Charts

• AKA Bar Graph • a graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to

represent frequencies of a category (qualitative data) in a data set

Soft Drink Frequency

Pepsi-cola 92

Coca-Cola 78

Dr. Pepper 48

7- Up 42

Others 40

Bar Chart• Ex: Horizontal and Vertical Soft Drink Frequency

Choice

Histogram

• a graphical display of frequency or relative frequency distributions that are grouped

• uses vertical bars at various heights to represent the frequency

• Ex: Histogram with 8 weight classes with each class having a class interval (width) of 8.

Histograms

• Ex: Histogram with relative frequencies represented as percents.

Histograms