freshwater fishpond culture
TRANSCRIPT
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 1/58
^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo Ifp Ij~b Idpgkp~
Ipk~b _dxkp Ij~b ]flh N{cx{pk Xknbljt{k~
HK]DPXGKLX FI IJ^BKPJK^ "HFIJ*# XB[D XBJKL B[K# YJKXLDG
HJPKNXFPDXK OKLKPDC FI HKYKCF]GKLX NFF]KPDXJFL "HOHN*# JXDCZ
IFFH DLH DOPJN[CX[PK FPODLJUDXJFL "IDF* FI XBK [LJXKH LDXJFL^
JLXKOPDXKH GDLDOKGKLX FI CDOFFL DNXJYJXJK^ "JGFCD*
]PFYJLNJDC ]KF]CK/̂ NFGGJXXKK "]]N*# XB[D XBJKL B[K# YJKXLDG
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 2/58
0
Jl pknklx zkdp~# xbk nfd~xdc dlh Xdg Ojdlo cdoffl ij~bkpjk~ pk~f{pnk~ jl B{k bdyk `kkl hknpkd~jlo pd}jhcz, Jcckodc#
{lpko{cdxkh dlh {lpk}fpxkh ij~bjlo dlh dt{dn{cx{pk }pdnxjnk~ dpk wjhk~}pkdh# nd{~jlo nfd~xdc hkopdhdxjfl# hkncjlk jl
wjch ij~b ~xfna~# dlh }fykpxz wjxbjl nfd~xdc ij~bjlo nfgg{lk~, Ij~bjlo nfgg{lk~ xbdx dpk dcpkdhz y{clkpd`ck xf
ldx{pdc hj~d~xkp~ dlhfxbkp ~bfna~ pknfoljuk xbklkkh ifp `kxxkp gdldokgklx }cdl dlh ifp dhf}xjlo wj~k }pdnxjnk~ xbdxdpkgfpk d}}pf}pjdxkifp xbkknf~z~xkg dlhxbk }kf}ck,
Jl 4::2# xbkOfykplgklx fi Yjkxldg dlhxbk ]pfyjlnjdc ]kf}ck/~ Nfggjxxkkfi xbkXb{dXbjkl B{k ]pfyjlnk# cfndxkh jl
nklxpdc Yjkxldg# pkt{k~xkh xknbljndc d~~j~xdlnk ipfg xbk Iffh dlh Dopjn{cx{pk Fpodljudxjfl fi xbk [ljxkh Ldxjfl~
"IDF*jl xbk~{~xdjld`ck gdldokgklx fi xbkdt{dxjn pk~f{pnk~ fi xbkXdg Ojdlocdoffl, Jl 0==;# wjxb ijldlnjdc ~{}}fpx
ipfg xbk Jxdcjdl Ofykplgklx# IDF ~xdpxkh jg}ckgklxdxjfl fi d }pfeknx djgjlo dx jg}pfyjlo xbk cjykcjbffh~ fi xbk }kf}ck
hk}klhklx fl xbk Xdg Ojdlo Cdoffl `z }pfgfxjlo d }dpxjnj}dxfpz ~{~xdjld`ck gdldokgklx fi xbk bzhpf'`jfcfojndc
pk~f{pnk~, @d~kh fl xbk krj~xjlo ~fnjf'knflfgjn dlh }pfh{nxjfl ~z~xkg~# dlhwjxb }dpxjn{cdp kg}bd~j~ fl xbk oklhkp pfck~# xbk }pfeknx djg~ dx klbdlnjlo }kf}ck/~ iffh ~kn{pjxz dlh xbk pkh{nxjfl fi }fykpxz jl xbk cdoffl dpkd, Xbk }pfeknx
j~ klxjxckh –Jlxkopdxkh Gdldokgklx fi Cdoffl Dnxjyjxjk~ jl Xb{d Xbjkl B{k ]pfyjlnk‗ fp xbk JGFCD B{k }pfeknx
"ON]&YJK&=0:&JXD*,
Xbj~ ijkch xk~xkh ^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo @ffa j~ }pk}dpkh d~ d }dpx fi xbk dnxjyjxjk~ `z xbk JGFCD B{k }pfeknx xf d~~j~x
cfndc ij~b idpgkp~ xf pknfph dlh gfljxfp klyjpflgklxdc dlh knflfgjn nflhjxjfl~ fi xbkjp dt{dn{cx{pk dnxjyjxjk~ gfpk
kiijnjklxcz dlh dnn{pdxkcz,
D@F[X XBK ]PFH[NKP DLH @DNAOPF[LH FI XBJ^ ^JG]CK PKNFPH AKK]JLO @FFA
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 3/58
_BZ AKK]JLO PKNFPH6
D ~gdcc'~ndck ipk~b wdxkp ij~b idpg ~bf{ch `k gdldokh kiijnjklxcz xf gdjlxdjl dlh jlnpkd~k }pfh{nxjyjxz dlh }pfijxd`jcjxz,Ij~b idpgkp~ ~bf{ch akk} xpdna fi dcc xbkjp jl}{x~ dlh f{x}{x~ ~f xbdx }pfh{nxjfl nf~x~# ~dck~# dlh lkx jlnfgk ndl `kkd~jcz ndcn{cdxkh xf kydc{dxk xbk fykpdcc knflfgjn }kpifpgdlnk fi xbk ij~b idpg~, Dc~f xf ~{~xdjl }pfh{nxjyjxz# xbk
klyjpflgklxdc nflhjxjfl~ lkkh xf `k gfljxfpkh ncf~kcz xf dyfjh}fcc{xjfl dlh ij~b hj~kd~k~,
Jx j~ d offh bdlh~'fl }pdnxjnk xf gdjlxdjl idpg gdldokgklx pknfph~, Pknfph~ dpk lkkhi{c xf jhklxjiz }pf`ckg~ jl xbk}flh klyjpflgklx dlh ij~b bkdcxb dlh xf gjljgjuk xbk~k nfl~xpdjlx~ dx xbk kdpcjk~x h{pjlo xbk }pfh{nxjfl nznck, Pknfphakk}jlo dc~f bkc}~ xbk ij~b idpgkp~ xf ckdpl ipfg }d~x gj~xdak~# xb{~ pkh{njlo pj~a# bdudph~ dlh nf~x~ fi }pfh{nxjfl jl~{`~kt{klx npf}~, Pknfph~ dpk {~ki{c xf }cdl xbk klxjpk npf} nznck jlnc{hjlo ~xfnajlo hkl~jxjk~ ifp kdnb }flh# wkccdbkdh fi jx~ ~xdpx, Idpg pknfph~ jhkdccz ~bf{ch nflxdjl hkxdjc~ fl }flh }pk}dpdxjfl# ijlokpcjlo~ dlh jx~ ~xfnajlo# ikkhgdldokgklx# wdxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~ dlh jx~ gdldokgklx# }flh `fxxfg gdldokgklx# ij~b bkdcxb dlh bdpyk~x,
@z pkyjkwjlo xbk hdxd jl xbk pknfph akk}jlo `ffa# ij~b idpgkp~ ndl hkxkpgjlk xbk wdz~ fi jlnpkd~jlo }pfh{nxjyjxz fi xbkjp ij~b }flh~ ifp xbk lkrx npf} nznck# `d~kh fl xbk ck~~fl ckdplkh ipfg xbk }pkyjf{~ nznck~, Dx xbk ~dgk xjgk# xbkidpgkp~ ndl d~~k~~ xbk nd{~k~ fi klyjpflgklxdc }fcc{xjfl dlh xbkjp pkcdxjfl~bj} wjxb xbkjp }pfh{nxjfl dnxjyjxjk~, Xbj~~jg}ck pknfph akk}jlo `ffa ndl d~~j~x xbk idpgkp~ xf gfljxfp xbk klyjpflgklxdc dlh knflfgjn nflhjxjfl~ fi xbkjp }pfh{nxjfl jl }flh~jl d ~jg}ckdlh kd~z wdz,
Xbj~ pknfphakk}jlo `ffa wf{ch `k gf~x {~ki{c ifp xbkidpgkp~ wjxb d ikw~gdcc ipk~b wdxkp ij~b }flh~ "4'>*,
>
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 4/58
XBK GDJL ][P]F^K FI XBK PKNFPH AKK]JLO J^ XF5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
K
D
B
K
[
G
K
ld c̀k idpgkp~ xf hkykcf} xbkjp }pfh{nxjfl jl dl klyjpflgklxdccz ~{~xdjld c̀k wdz "`z gfljxfpjlo wdxkp klyjpflgklx dlh wdxkp t{dcjxz fi ij~b }flh~ d~ hdjcz&wkkacz&zkdpcz `d~j~*# j,k,# wbdx ajlh~ fi klyjpflgklxdcnbdlok~ dpk fnn{ppjlojl xbk}pfh{nxjfldpkd dlh wbdx wf{ch `k xbk}fxklxjdc pkd~fl~6
~~j~x idpgkp~ xf {lhkp~xdlh xbk knflfgjn nflhjxjfl~ fi xbkjp n{cx{pk idnjcjxz "ipk~b wdxkp ij~b }flh~* `kxxkp dlh
dnn{pdxkcz# j,k,# bfw g{nb nf~x "hpzjlo }flh# pkgfyjlo ij~b kdxkp~# `{~b nckdpdlnk# pk}djpjlo jlckx&f{xckx# hzaknfg}dnxjfl# ijlokpjlo~# ikkh# ikpxjcjukp~# cjgk# gkhjnjlk~# kxn,*# ~dck~# lkx }pfijx# kxn, xbk }pfh{nxjflpkt{jpk~&gdak~6
kc} idpgkp~ gdldok xbkjp }flh idpg~ `kxxkp `z akk}jlo d hdjcz&gflxbcz&zkdpcz pknfph fi n{cx{pk dnxjyjxjk~ dlhxpdl~dnxjfl~ fykp d n{cx{pk }kpjfh# wbjnb kld`ck idpgkp~ xf kydc{dxk }kpifpgdlnk fi xbkjp dnxjyjxjk~ dlh hkxkpgjlkwdz~ dlh gkdl~ fi i{pxbkp jg}pfykgklx knflfgjndccz dlh klyjpflgklxdccz,
ld`ck idpgkp~ xf jlnpkd~k xbk t{dcjxz dlh kiijnjklnz fi xbkjp }pfh{nxjfl dlh jlnfgk wbjck gdjlxdjljloklyjpflgklxdc nflhjxjfl~,
~k xbk pknfph akk}jlo `ffa ifp gfljxfpjlo fi }flh idpgjlo dnxjyjxjk~ dlh ~{}}fpx ifp ij~b idpgkp~ `z xbk
ofykplgklx krxkl~jflj~x~,djlxdjl }pfh{nxjfl pknfph~ ifp dnnk~~jlo npkhjx# gjnpf'ijldlnk#fp jl~{pdlnk ~kpyjnk~ ipfg ijldlnjdc jl~xjx{xjfl~
"d~ xbk~k jl~xjx{xjfl~ fixkl d~aifp xbkpknfph~ fi }pfh{nxjfl# wbjnb ndllfx `k }pk}dpkh fykpljobx*,
l~{pk xbk xpdnkd`jcjxz fi xbk }pfh{nx~ „ dcxbf{ob gf~x fi xbk }pfh{nx~ dpk n{ppklxcz ifp cfndc gdpakx# }pfnk~~fp~dlh kr}fpxkp~ xbk~k hdz~ pkt{k~x xbk jlifpgdxjfl fl }pfh{nxjfl# k~}knjdccz ifp ifpkjol gdpakx,
Lfxk5 Xbj~ ^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo @ffa j~ hk kcf}kh }pjlnj}dccz ifp xbk {~k `z cfndc ij~b idpgkp~, Bfwkykp#
xbk }pfyj~jfl fi nckdp o{jhdlnk xf cfndc ij~b idpgkp~ xbpf{ob pko{cdp gfljxfpjlo yj~jx~ `z ofykplgklx
krxkl~jflj~x~ j~ k~~klxjdc xf gdjlxdjl xbk kiiknxjyklk~~ dlh dnn{pdnz fi pknfph akk}jlo, Ofykplgklx
krxkl~jflj~x~ lkkh xf d~~j~x xbk ij~b idpgkp~ xf nbkna xbkjp pknfph akk}jlo `ffa dlh }pfyjhk i{pxbkp
~{ook~xjfl~ifp jg}pfykgklx `d~khfl xbkijlhjlo dlh hj~n{~~jfl wjxb cfndc ij~b idpgkp~,
y
8
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 5/58
;
Xbj~ pknfph akk}jlo `ffa bd~ xbpkk gdjl nfg}flklx~5
Zf{ wjcc pkoj~xkp zf{p }kp~fldc dlh bf{~kbfch }pfijck~ bkpk,
]ckd~k gdak ~{pk zf{ ijcc xbj~ ~bkkx `kifpk ~xdpx {~jlo xbk pknfph akk}jlo `ffa,
Jl xbj~ }dpx# zf{ wjcc pknfph xbk pk~{cx fi zf{p }kpjfhjn wdxkp t{dcjxz gfljxfpjlo,Xbj~ }dpx nflxdjl~ xbk ifccfwjlo xbpkk ~bkkx~ xf d~~j~x zf{5
_dxkp t{dcjxz gfljxfpjlo ~bkkx "hdjcz&wkkacz*
_dxkp t{dcjxz gfljxfpjlo ~bkkx "gflxbcz*
_dxkp t{dcjxz gfljxfpjlo ~bkkx "zkdpcz*
Jl xbj~ }dpx# zf{ wjcc pknfph xbk knflfgjn jlifpgdxjfl d`f{x zf{p n{cx{pk dnxjyjxjk~,Xbj~ }dpx nflxdjl~ xbk ifccfwjlo xbpkk ~bkkx~ xf d~~j~x zf{5
Ij~b ~xfnajlo pknfph ~bkkx
]flh "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* idpgjlo pknfph ~bkkx "gflxbcz*
]flh "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* idpgjlo pknfph ~bkkx "zkdpcz*
Jx j~ ykpz jg}fpxdlx xbdx zf{ akk} pknfph fi dcc pkt{jpkh jxkg~ ndpki{ccz, Offh pknfph akk}jlo wjcc ojyk zf{ offh dhyjnk
dlh ~{ook~xjfl~ ifp i{pxbkp jg}pfykgklx$$
Xbklkrx ~jr ~cjhk~}pfyjhk zf{wjxb ~fgk jl~xp{nxjfl d`f{x bfw xf {~kxbj~ pknfph akk}jlo `ffa,
"4*Oklkpdc Jlifpgdxjfl fi xbk Ij~b Idpgkp
"0* Gfljxfpjlo _dxkp T{dcjxz
">* @d~jn Dnnf{lxjlo dlh Knflfgjn Pknfph Akk}jlo
6
6
6
6
6
6
_BDX J^ JLNC[HKH JL XBJ^ PKNFPH AKK]JLO @FFA6
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 6/58
9
Pko{cdp pknfph akk}jlo `ffa gdjlxkldlnk `z xbk ij~b idpgkp~ wf{ch klbdlnk xbk ij~b }pfh{nxjfl,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 7/58
?
Klyjpflgklxdc gfljxfpjlo bkc}~ ij~b idpgkp~ xf pkh{nk xbkpj~a fi ij~b hj~kd~k~ dlh gdjlxdjl offh wdxkp nflhjxjfl~,
;'4=ng 0='>=ng
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 8/58
2
Jx j~ jg}fpxdlx xbdx ij~b idpgkp~ hj~n{~~ xbkjp pknfph akk}jlo `ffa~ wjxb ofykplgklx krxkl~jflj~x~ h{pjlo xbkjp ijkch yj~jx,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 9/58
:
Xbk kr}kpjklnkh ij~b idpgkp j~ gdjlxdjljlo xbk pknfph akk}jlo`ffa pko{cdpcz dlh ~ffl dixkp nbknajlo bj~ ij~b }flh~,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 10/58
4=
Xbk pknfph akk}jlo j~ jg}fpxdlx ifp kdnb idpgkp ' `z {~jlo xbkg# idpgkp~ ndl akk}xpdna fi dcc dnxjyjxjk~ jl xbkjp }flh "k,o,# ~xfnajlo# ikkhjlo# bdpyk~xjlo# gdpakxjlo#`dla ~dyjlo~# kxn,* ifp `kxxkp gdldokgklx fi klyjpflgklx dlh }pfh{nxjfl dnxjyjxjk~,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 11/58
44
Kdnb ij~b idpgkp ~bf{ch ~xfpk xbk pknfph akk}jlo `ffa jl d yj~j̀ ck }cdnk"k,o,# fl xbk wdcc* dx bfgk ~f xbdx xbk idpgkp j~ dcwdz~ pkgjlhkh xf ijcc jx pko{cdpcz,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 12/58
40
Lfxk5 Ldgk# dok# ~kr# dlh kh{ndxjfl dpk flcz pkt{jpkh ifp bf{~kbfch bkdh, Xbk l{g`kp fi wfpakp~j~ xbk l{g`kp fi }kf}ck wfpajlo jl&ifp xbk n{cx{pk idnjcjxjk~, Xbj~ gdz jlnc{hk lfl'idgjcz gkg k̀p~,
Ldgk5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,
Dhhpk~~5
Dok5
^kr "Gdck&Ikgdck*5
Kh{ndxjfl5
L{g`kp fi Idgjcz Gkg`kp~5
L{g`kp fi _fpakp~5
L{g`kp fi ]flh~5
^juk fi Kdnb ]flh5
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
OKLKPDC JLIFPGDXJFL FL XBK IJ^B IDPGKP
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 13/58
4>
"_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO*
]DPX J
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 14/58
48
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k C{ldp Ndcklhdp*40&=4&0==2 "Gfl* 42&=4&0==2 "^{l*
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk "_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk*
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
4;&=4&0==2QKrdg}ckW_dxkp nfcfp cffa~ hdpa `pfwl# wdxkp ~gkcc pfxxkl# wdxkp xkg}, j~ cfw ~f xbdx ij~b opfwxb x{pl~ ~cfw
H{nawkkh ;=ao "cfndccz bdpyk~xkh* r >xjgk~
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
=?5== 4>5== 4?5==
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
]ckd~k xdak lfxk fi dlz f`~kpydxjfl "k,o,# ~gkcc fp nfcfp nbdlok*# kyklx xbdx gdz diiknx wdxkp t{dcjxz "k,o,# ldx{pdc bdudph~*# fp pkgkhjdc dnxjfl zf{ xffa jl ij~b }flh~,
_bklkykp zf{ ikkh zf{p ij~b# }ckd~k pknfph ikkh xz}k# t{dlxjxz# dlh ~f{pnk d~ wkcc d~ ikkhjlo xjgk,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 15/58
4;
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*Edl 0==2 C{l
_kka
"Krdg}ck*4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
9 4: }}g 4? N 4,= g Hdpa ̀ pfwl 8? ng
9,; 00 }}g 4: N 4,= g Hdpa ̀ pfwl 80 ng
?,; 0= }}g 4; N 4,= g Hdpa ̀ pfwl 8= ng
?,= 04 }}g 4; N 4,= g Opkklj~b 84 ng
9,?; 0=,; }}g 49,; N 4,= g Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok 80,; ng
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
}B
4, _dxkp t{dcjxz gfljxfpjlo j~ lknk~~dpz flnk d wkka# hk~jpd`cz fl xbk ~dgk hdz fi xbk wkka "k,o,# kykpz Xb{p~hdz*,
0, Dx xbk klh fi xbk ijldc wkka fi d gflxb# ndcn{cdxk xbk dykpdok ifp xbk gflxb,>, Ifp xbk cd~x nfc{gl ifp wdxkp nfcfp# ~xdxk ji xbkpk j~ dlz nbdlok jl nfcfp h{pjlo xbk gflxb,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 16/58
49
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "ZKDPCZ*
ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*Edl 0==2 C{l
Gflxb
Edl,
Ik`,
Gdp,
D}p,
Gdz
E{l,
E{c,
D{o,
^k},
Fnx,
Lfy,
Hkn,
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N*f
_dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
9,?; 0=,; }}g 49,;fN 4,4 g Nbdlok 80,; ng"Krdg}ck*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
4, Nf}z gflxbcz dykpdok hdxd ipfg gflxbcz gfljxfpjlo ~bkkx "}pkyjf{~ }dok*,0, Dx xbk klh fi d zkdp# ndcn{cdxk xbk dykpdok ifp xbk zkdp,>, Ifp xbk cd~x nfc{gl ifp wdxkp nfcfp# ~xdxk ji xbkpk j~ dlz nbdlok jl nfcfp h{pjlo xbk zkdp,
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
}B
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 17/58
4?
]DPX JJ
"@D^JN DNNF[LXJLO DLH KNFLFGJN PKNFPH AKK]JLO*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 18/58
% Ifp ~}knjk~ ~xfnakh# ~kk dc~f xbk jcc{~xpdxjfl~ fi ij~b ~}knjk~ fl xbk ifccfwjlo }dok~,
IJ^B ^XFNAJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX
"Krdg}ck*4
4= D}pjc 0==2 "4*B{k Ij~b ~xdxjfl"0*Hj~xpjnx bdxnbkpz
]flh . Hdxk fi ̂ xfnajlo
"4* ^jcykp ndp}"0* Xjcd}jd
^}knjk~ ^xfnakh
"4* 40 ' 4;ng"0* 8 ' 9ng
^xdlhdph Ijlokpcjlo^juk "ng*
"4* 0'> ijlokpcjlo~&g0
"0* 0 ijlokpcjlo~&g0
L{g`kp fi Ijlokpcjlo~ x̂fnakh
^f{pnk fi Ijlokpcjlo
"4* @pjobx nfcfp# id~xgfykgklx"0* ]dck nfcfp#~c{ooj~b gfykgklx
^xdx{~ fi Ijlokpcjlo^xfnakh
42
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 19/58
NFGGFLCZ N[CX[PKH IJ^B ^]KNJK^ JL IPK^B _DXKP IJ^B ]FLH^
Ij~b Jcc{~xpdxjfl
Bz`pjh ndxij~b & Nä xpå cdj"Ncdpjd~ ~}},*
Ncjg`jlo }kpnb & Nä pø ĔỞlo"Dld`d~ xk~x{hjlk{~*
^ldakbkdh & Nä cþn"Nbdlld ~xpjdxd*
4:
Ij~b ^}knjk~ "Klocj~b&Ykpldn{cdp&Cdxjl Ldgk~*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 20/58
NFGGFLCZ N[CX[PKH IJ^B ^]KNJK^ JL IPK^B _DXKP IJ^B ]FLH^ "Nflx/h*
Nfggfl ndp} & Nä nbê}"Nz}pjl{~ ndp}jf*
^jcykp ndp} & Nä gâ xpẦlo"Bz}f}bxbdcgjnbxbz~ gfcjxpjr*
Pfb{ & Nä xpøj Ẩl ĝỚ"Cd`kf pfbjxd*
Opd~~ ndp} & Nä xpẦg nỆ"Nxklf}bdpzlofhfl jhkccd*
0=
Ij~b Jcc{~xpdxjflIj~b ^}knjk~ "Klocj~b&Ykpldn{cdp&Cdxjl Ldgk~*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 21/58
NFGGFLCZ N[CX[PKH IJ^B ^]KNJK^ JL IPK^B _DXKP IJ^B ]FLH^ "Nflx/h*
Ljck xjcd}jd & Nä pø }bj yẴl"Fpkfnbpfgj~ ljcfxjn{~*
@jobkdh ndp} & Nä gâ bfd"Dpj~xjnbxbz~ lf`jcj~*
]dn{ & Nä nbjg xpẦlo"]jdpdnx{~ `pdnbz}fg{g*
04
Ij~b Jcc{~xpdxjflIj~b ^}knjk~ "Klocj~b&Ykpldn{cdp&Cdxjl Ldgk~*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 22/58
00
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*Edl 0==2 C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
"Krdg}ck*4
0=
0;
>4
^xfnakh ijlokpcjlo jl }flh .4
D}}cjkh ikpxjcjukp~ }flh .4
Idgjcz nfl~{g}xjfl
^fch xf xbk gdpakx
0==#===
;=#===
4==0=ao
9==#===
4= >8=
0;=#===Xfxdc4==
0=ao 9==#=== 4= 08=
4, Klxkp hdxd wbkl dlz dnxjyjxz&dnxjfl j~ xdakl "ji zf{ dpk ~xfnajlo ~kykpdc ~}knjk~ jl flk }flh# hjyjhkxbk nfc{gl~ fp d~~jol JH ifp kdnb ~}knjk~ d~ zf{ cjak ~f xbdx zf{ ndl pknfph hdxd ifp kdnb ~}knjk~ ~k}dpdxkcz*,
0, Dx xbk klh fi kykpz gflxb# ndcn{cdxk xbk xfxdc ifp kdnb jxkg,
Krdg}ck~ fi Ydpjd`ck Nf~x~56
6
6
Ijlokpcjlo~
Ikkh "ldx{pdc# ~{}}ckgklxdpz# dlh idnxfpz'gdhk*
Gkhjnjlk ifp ij~bBdpyk~xjlo xffc~6
6
6
6
_dok~ ifp bjpjlo wfpakp
Xpdl~}fpxdxjfl fi ijlokpcjlo dlh ij~b ifp ~dck
Gj~nkccdlkf{~
>;=
08=
Ji zf{ bdyk gfpk xbdl > }flh~# dhhkrxpd nfc{gl"~* lkrx xf ]flh >
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 23/58
0>
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "ZKDPCZ* ZKDP5 0==2 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
4, Nf}z gflxbcz dykpdok hdxd ipfg gflxbcz pknfph ~bkkx "}pkyjf{~ }dok*,0, Ndcn{cdxk lkx }pfijx {~jlo xbk ~dck~ dlh nf~x "7gflkz ~}klx* hdxd,>, Dx xbk klh fi d zkdp# ndcn{cdxk xfxdc ifp xbk zkdp,
Edl,
Ik`,
Gdp,
D}p,
Gdz,
E{l,
E{c,
D{o,
^k},
Fnx,
Lfy,
Hkn,
OpdlhXfxdc
Gflxb
"Krdg}ck*0;=#===
Gflkz ^}klx"D*
Xfxdc Nf~x "YLH*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~
^dck~ "@*
T{dlxjxz ". ) ao* Jlnfgk "YLH* "k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc".*
Xfxdc"YLH*
Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk jl ]flh~Lkx ]pfijx
"@'D*
>;=#===08=9==#===4==
0=ao 4=
Lkx ]pfijx 7 ^dck~ "@* ' Gflkz ^}klx "D*
Lfl'^dck~
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 24/58
08
HJ^N[^^ DLH ^BDPK ZF[P PKNFPH^ _JXB FXBKP^
H{pjlo dlh dx xbk klh fi xbk pknfph akk}jlo ifp d zkdp "fp kykl dx xbk `kojlljlo fi xbk lkrx }pfh{nxjfl nznck*# bdyk dhj~n{~~jfl dlh ~bdpk ijlhjlo~ wjxb fxbkp~ jlnc{hjlo zf{p idgjcz gkg`kp~# fxbkp i j~b idpgkp~# ofykplgklx
krxkl~jflj~x~#dlh fxbkp~,
Ifpjl~xdlnk# zf{ndl xdca fi5
J~ xbk lkx }pfijx jlnpkd~kh nfg}dpkh xf xbk cd~x~kd~fl&zkdp6
J~ xbk klyjpflgklxdc nflhjxjfl~ jg}pfykhnfg}dpkhxf xbk cd~x~kd~fl&zkdp6
J~ xbkpk dlz jhklxjijd`ck }pf`ckg~ klyjpflgklxdcczfp knflfgjndccz6_bdx wf{ch `k xbk pkd~fl"~*6
Ndl xbk nf~x `k pkh{nkh jl xbk lkrx }pfh{nxjfl
nznck6J~xbkpkdlz fxbkpwdz xfklbdlnklkx }pfijx6
J~ xbkpk dlz ~joljijndlx nbdlok jl klyjpflgklxdcnflhjxjfl~6 Ji zk~# wbdx wf{ch `k xbk }fxklxjdcpkd~fl"~* ifp xbk nbdlok6
J~xbkpkdlz j~~{kxbdx idpgkp~ ndl~fcyk efjlxcz6
_bdxj~ zf{p&opf{} ~xpdxkoz ifp xbk lkrx}pfh{nxjflnznck6
Offhhj~n{~~jfl kl~{pk~ offh~xpdxkozdlh jg}pfykgklx ifp xbk i{x{pk$$
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
4; ao
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 25/58
0;
DLLKR
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 26/58
09
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk " *_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 27/58
0?
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk " *_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 28/58
02
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk " *_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 29/58
0:
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk " *_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 30/58
>=
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "HDJCZ&_KKACZ*D _kka ipfg xbpf{ob "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
GFLHDZ
X[K^HDZ
_KHLK^HDZ
XB[P^HDZ
IPJHDZ
^DX[PHDZ
^[LHDZ
Hdz&Hdxk
"hh&gg&zzzz*
Ikkhjlo Xjgk " *_pjxk ikkhjlo xjgk
Gfpljlo Lffl Dixkplffl
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
F`~kpydxjfl&Pkgkhjdc Gkd~{pk~ XdaklQKrdg}ck5 {~k fi gkhjnjlk "AGlF8# ^dcx wdxkp "Ldnc*# @pfluk ~{c}bdxk#
^{c}bdxk "N{^F8*# Ifpgdcjl# Yjxdgjl N# AL'=8'40# Ydnnjlk Pkfyjp{~#
Nbjlk~k bkp`dc gkhjnjlk5 `kppz ckdyk~ "cä rfdl*# Odpcjn dlh gjca opd~~# cjgk# kxn,W
Ikkhjlo Pknfph "Xz}k# T{dlxjxz# dlh ^f{pnk*
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 31/58
>4
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 32/58
>0
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 33/58
>>
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 34/58
>8
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 35/58
>;
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 36/58
>9
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 37/58
>?
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 38/58
>2
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 39/58
>:
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 40/58
8=
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 41/58
84
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 42/58
80
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
_kka
4
0
>
8
;
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
}B Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N* _dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 43/58
8>
_DXKP T[DCJXZ GFLJXFPJLO ^BKKX "ZKDPCZ*
ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Gflxb
Edl,
Ik`,
Gdp,
D}p,
Gdz
E{l,
E{c,
D{o,
^k},
Fnx,
Lfy,
Hkn,
Dyk,
_dxkp t{dcjxz }dpdgkxkp~
Dcadcjljxz "}}g* Xkg}kpdx{pk " N*f
_dxkp ckykc "g* _dxkp nfcfp Xpdl~}dpklnz "ng*
Nfl~xdlx & Nbdlok
]flh L{g`kp5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
}B
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 44/58
88
IJ^B ^XFNAJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX
]flh . Hdxk fi ̂ xfnajlo ^}knjk~ ̂ xfnakh x̂dlhdph Ijlokpcjlo^juk "ng*
L{g`kp fi Ijlokpcjlo~ x̂fnakh
^f{pnk fi Ijlokpcjlo
^xdx{~ fi Ijlokpcjlo^xfnakh
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 45/58
8;
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 46/58
89
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 47/58
8?
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 48/58
82
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 49/58
8:
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 50/58
;=
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 51/58
;4
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 52/58
;0
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 53/58
;>
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 54/58
;8
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 55/58
;;
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 56/58
;9
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "GFLXBCZ*
GFLXB ) ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Hdxk Dnxjyjxjk~&Dnxjfl~ Xdakl Gflkz ^}klx"Ydpjd c̀k Nf~x~*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~ Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk^dck~ Lfl'^dck~
Xfxdc Nf~x"YLH*
T{dlxjxz". ) ao*
Jlnfgk"YLH*
"k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 57/58
;?
]FLH "Opfw'f{x&L{p~kpz&Nkgklxkh* IDPGJLO PKNFPH ^BKKX "ZKDPCZ*
ZKDP5 "[~k dp Ndcklhdp*C{l
Edl,
Ik`,
Gdp,
D}p,
Gdz,
E{l,
E{c,
D{o,
^k},
Fnx,
Lfy,
Hkn,
OpdlhXfxdc
Gflxb Gflkz ^}klx"D*
Xfxdc Nf~x "YLH*
Ij~b Bdpyk~x & Cf~~
^dck~ "@*
T{dlxjxz ". ) ao* Jlnfgk "YLH* "k,o,# idgjcz {~k#ojykl ipkk# cf~~* ".*
]flh 4".*
]flh 0".*
]flh >".*
Xfxdc".*
Xfxdc"YLH*
Pkgdjljlo Ij~b @dcdlnk jl ]flh~Lkx ]pfijx
"@'D*
Lkx ]pfijx 7 ^dck~ "@* ' Gflkz ^}klx "D*
Lfl'^dck~
7/30/2019 Freshwater Fishpond Culture
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/freshwater-fishpond-culture 58/58
^JG]CK PKNFPH AKK]JLO IFP IJ^B IDPGKP^"Ipk~b _dxkp Ij~b ]flh N{cx{pk Xknbljt{k~*
ª JGFCD&IDF# ON]&YJK&=0:&JXD
Nfykp }bfxf nf{pxk~z fi Aj`pjd dlh Bdj
]pk}dpdxjfl fi Xbj~ ^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo
]{`cj~bjlo Hdxk5 Ik`p{dpz 0==2 "Ijp~x Khjxjfl*
Kgdjc5 _k`~jxk5
5–
]{`cj~bkh `z5
D yjkw fi ipk~b wdxkp ij~b }flh~ f}kpdxjlo jl xbk Yjlb Ojdlo nfgg{lk‗
jgfcd,}pfeknxMogdjc,nfg www,jgfcdb{k,fpo
HK]DPXGKLX FI IJ^BKPJK^ "HFIJ*# XB[D XBJKL B[K
HJPKNXFPDXK OKLKPDC FI HKYKCF]GKLX NFF]KPDXJFL "HOHN*# JXDCZ
IFFH DLH DOPJN[CX[PK FPODLJUDXJFL "IDF* FI XBK [LJXKH LDXJFL^
JLXKOPDXKH GDLDOKGKLX FI CDOFFL DNXJYJXJK^ "JGFCD*
]PFYJLNJDC ]KF]CK/^ NFGGJXXKK "]]N*# XB[D XBJKL B[K
;> Lo{zkl B{k ^xpkkx# Xb{d Xbjkl B{k ]pfyjlnk# Yjkxldg
Gjlj~xpz fi Ifpkjol Diidjp~# ]jduudck hkccd Idplk~jld 4# Pfgk# Jxdcz
Yjdck hkcck Xkpgk hj Ndpdndccd ==4== Pfgk# Jxdcz
;> Lo{zkl B{k ^xpkkx# Xb{d Xbjkl B{k ]pfyjlnk# Yjkxldg
48 Ck Cfj ^xpkkx# Xb{d Xbjkl B{k ]pfyjlnk# Yjkxldg
Ifp `j`cjfopd}bjn }{p}f~k~ xbj~ hfn{gklx ~bf{ch `k njxkh d~5HFIJ&HOHN&IDF&JGFCD&]]N# ON]&YJK&=0:&JXD "0==2*
"Ipk~b _dxkp Ij~b ]flh N{cx{pk Xknbljt{k~*5 ;2}},
,
^jg}ckPknfph Akk}jlo ifpIj~b Idpgkp~
Xbk }pk}dpdxjfl fi xbj~ ^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo @ffa bd~ gf`jcjukh xbk JGFCD }pfeknx xkdgd~ wkcc d~ ~kykpdc kr}kpx~ ipfgofykplgklxdc#lfl'ofykplgklxdc# dlh dndhkgjnjl~xjx{xjfl~,
Xbk }pk}dpdxjflwd~ jljxjdccznffphjldxkh`z Dpjk]jkxkp ydlH{ejl dlhcdxkp `z @da{Xdadbd~bj
{lhkp xbk fykpdcc ~{}kpyj~jfl `z Xbk hpdix~ wkpk }pk}dpkh ̀ zBf @jnb
B{floOjdlodlh Ck R{dlBfdlo# dlhhpdwjlo~dlh cdzf{x hk~jol wkpk}pk}dpkh `z^}knjdc xbdla~ dc~f of xf
Gd~~jgf ̂ dpxj, Gh, Ob{cdgAj`pjd# Lo{zkl T{dlo Cjlb# dlh Yf Xbj X{zkx Bflo, Xpdl~cdxjfl wd~ {lhkpxdakl `z
XpdlY{Bdj, Icdyjf Nfp~jl# Lo{zkl Xbj ] b{fn Cdj# Lo{zkl Lb{ Xjk}# dlh
Pdzgfl ydlDlpffzwbf }pfyjhkh{~ki{cnfggklx~fl xbj~^jg}ck Pknfph Akk}jlo @ffa,