From E-Learning to M-Learning

Terese Bird and Gráinne Conole, University of Leicester

MobiLearnAsia 2013, Singapore1st October, 2013

Outline• The evolving landscape of e-

learning to m-learning (mobile e-learning)

• Affordances of new technologies• Learner experience• New m-pedagogies and

implications• Teacher practice and paradoxes• Strategies for change

– Intervention framework: linking research to policy and practice

– New approaches to design

Research questions• What:

– Is the learner experience and teacher practice?– Are the emergent technologies and their affordances?– Resources, Open Educational Resources and practices, and

Pedagogical Patterns are there and how are they being used?

– M-Pedagogies are there and how do they facilitate different forms of learning?

– New learning design approaches can be used to promote and support m-learning?

– Strategies are in place to promote and support e-learning?– Theories and methodologies are been used?

Drivers toward M-learning

• Student expectation• Course marketing• Paperlessness• BYOD: save money• Supplied: hardware & software

match• Most IT equipment is mobile• Most internet access is mobile• Careers: businesses want it

"As mobile platforms become more complex, employers are increasingly looking for people who can demonstrate a foundation of mobile specific skills and experience to be sure of delivering success.”

-CWJobs.co.ukhttp://www.v3.co.uk/v3-uk/news/2276691/it-job-seekers-under-pressure-to-learn-mobile-development-skills

Emergent technologies and affordances

Resources, OER and Pedagogical Patterns

Evolving e-learning landscape

E-pe

dago

gies

, str

ateg

ies

and

lear

ning

des

ign

Interventions

Theo

ry a

nd m

etho

dolo

gy

Evaluations

Technological trends• Mobiles and e-books• Gesture and augmented

learning• Learning analytics• Personalised learning• Cloud computing• Ubiquitous learning• BYOD (Bring your own device)• Digital content• MOOCs• The flipped classroom• Wearable technology

http://tinyurl.com/horizon2013

7

Media sharing

Collaborative editing

Social networking

Virtual worlds and games

Syndication

Messaging

Social bookmarking

Recommender systems

Mash ups

Blogging

Conole and Alevizou, 2010

Social & participatory media

http://magicineducation.wordpress.com/2011/11/10/web-2-0-world-map/

User generated content

Peer critiquing

Networked

Collective aggregation

Personalised

Open

Social media revolutionThe machine is us/ing us

Activity

• What are characteristics of good learning?• Draw on your own experience as a learner and

as a teacher – think about a really good and bad experience for your own background

• What are the barriers and success factors of successful learning?

Discussion

8-Learning Events Model

Experiments Creates

ReceivesExplores

Practices

Imitates

Meta-learns

Debates

From E-Learning to M-Learning• More than just mobile e-learning

– Anytime, anywhere for the learner (efficiency)– Enables learning in special location (i.e. fieldwork)

• New affordances of mobile– Small and compact– Personal– Capturing sound, video, image– New tech i.e. augmented reality– Wearable tech

Peacekeeper student using supplied iPad and course app – Security, Conflict & International Development Masters Distance

Other Leicester examples

One iPad per medical undergraduate:•Paperlessness, Personalised•Anywhere•Medical references and apps for clinical settings

Masters of International Education:•Personalised learning environment•Accessibility•iBooks Author to create iBook

E-Pedagogies to M-Pedagogies

Flashcard app - Flashcardlet

Solve Outbreak

Send tweets with #mobilearnasia and by the end of the day meet a new colleague to possibly collaborate

Springpad as a personal curation and reflective tool

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• Technology immersed• Learning approaches: task-

orientated, experiential, just in time, cumulative, social

• Personalised digital learning environment

• Mix of institutional systems and cloud-based tools and services

• Use of course materials with free resources

Sharpe, Beetham and De Freitas, 2010

Learner experience

Mapping e-Pedagogies to technologies

Pedagogies• Problem-Based Learning (PBL)• Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL)• Didactic (Did)• Reflection (Ref)• Dialogic Learning (Dial)• Collaboration (Collab)• Assessment (Ass)• Communities of Practice (CoP)• IBL – social• User-Generated Content (UGC)

Technologies• Virtual Worlds (VW)• Google• E-Books• Blogs, e-Portfolios• Discussion Forums (DF)• Wikis• MCQs• Google+• Twitter• Youtube

Mapping m-Pedagogies to technologies

Pedagogies• Problem-Based Learning (PBL)• Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL)• Didactic (Did)• Reflection (Ref)• Dialogic Learning (Dial)• Collaboration (Collab)• Assessment (Ass)• Communities of Practice (CoP)• IBL – social• User-Generated Content (UGC)

Tech/app/platform• ‘Solve Outbreak’• iTunesUCourse, Futurelearn• E-Books, iTunesU, TEDTalks• Springpad, Tumblr• Facebook group or page • Google doc• Google forms quiz in context• Scoop.it, Group blog, • Twitter (FB, Google+)• Youtube, SoundCloud,

Instagram, Vine

Social

Individual

Informal Formal

Information

Experience

A pedagogy framework

Social

Individual

Informal Formal

Information

Experience

Social

Individual

Informal Formal

PBL/VWDial/forumCollab/Wiki

IBL/TwitterCoP/Google+Dial/Skype

Ref/BlogIBL/GoogleUGC/YouTube

Ref/e-PortfolioDid/e-BookAss/MCQs

Social

Individual

Informal Formal

Information

Experience

Experience

Information

Informal Formal

PBL/VWRef/e-PortfolioDial/Forum

Ref/BlogCoP/Google+Dial/Skype

IBL/TwitterIBL/GoogleUGC/YouTube

Coll/WikiDid/e-BookAss/MCQs

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Mobile learning

E-booksStudy calendarsLearning resourcesOnline modulesAnnotation toolsCommunication mechanisms Podcasting

The Personal Inquiry projectInquiry-based learning across formal and informal settingsSharples, Scanlon et al.http://www.pi-project.ac.uk/

My community

Inquiry-based learning

M-Learning will be the norm

New business models –

supplied/BYOD/half&half Co-evolution of

tools & users

Maturing theory & methodology

More sophisticated mechanisms re: uptake

The future of m-learningContinuing emerging

technologies and pedagogies

Institutional mobile policies

More open materials

Task:

• Choose a lesson in which to incorporate mobile learning• Choose a pedagogical approach• Sketch out how you will deploy this

pedagogical approach with mobile• Share with your group• Critique each other’s work: what are

issues, problems, opportunities?

MSc in Learning Innovationhttp://go.le.ac.u/mscli

Certificate and Diploma options

Technology-Enhanced Learning

Learning Design

Research Design and Methods

Case Studies of Innovation

Dissertation