from last week…. definition of distance education definition of distance education theoretical...
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From Last Week….
Definition of Distance EducationDefinition of Distance Education Theoretical Development in Distance Theoretical Development in Distance
EducationEducation Millennial RestructuralismMillennial Restructuralism Incremental Reformism Incremental Reformism Change and Restructuring Change and Restructuring
From Last Week …
Levels of Course WebnessLevels of Course Webness Media RichnessMedia Richness.. Affordances & Affordances & PredictabilityPredictability Questions About Distance EducationQuestions About Distance Education Equipment for DL and costEquipment for DL and cost
TE 601 Distance Education
Distance Education Media &Distance Education Media & Overview of typical communication Overview of typical communication & information systems in education & information systems in education
and infrastructure developmentand infrastructure development
TE 601 Distance Education
Distance Education Media &Distance Education Media & Overview of typical communication Overview of typical communication & information systems in education & information systems in education
and infrastructure developmentand infrastructure development
Objectives
Distance Education Media and InfrastructureDistance Education Media and Infrastructure What do you want to learn under this topic?What do you want to learn under this topic? What do we need to know?What do we need to know? Your career (career goal), your knowledge Your career (career goal), your knowledge
and skills?and skills? Industry Industry AcademiaAcademia
Evolution of Distance Education Media
PrintPrint Broadcast television and radioBroadcast television and radio Cable television Cable television Interactive instructional televisionInteractive instructional television
Evolution of Distance Education Media
PrintPrint Broadcast television and radioBroadcast television and radio Cable television Cable television Interactive instructional televisionInteractive instructional television
Evolution of Distance Education Media cont Recorded audio and video mediaRecorded audio and video media Audiographic conferencingAudiographic conferencing Video conferencing or Video conferencing or
TeleconferencingTeleconferencing
Evolution of Distance Education Media cont
Compressed Video TeleconferencingCompressed Video Teleconferencing Full-Motion Video TeleconferencingFull-Motion Video Teleconferencing Desktop Video TeleconferencingDesktop Video Teleconferencing
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDNIntegrated Services Digital Network (ISDN))
DSLDSL Fiber OpticsFiber Optics
Distance Education Media- from correspondence to collaborative learning
The correspondence model The correspondence model emphasized learner emphasized learner independenceindependence paper basedpaper based Videotapes or DVDVideotapes or DVD BROADCASTING BROADCASTING
Interaction : in form of correspondence of self-Interaction : in form of correspondence of self-assessment exercises and instructor feed backassessment exercises and instructor feed back
TODAY: learner autonomy should include TODAY: learner autonomy should include interdependence. interdependence.
Today's - media
Synchronous, Asynchronous feature of Synchronous, Asynchronous feature of CMCCMC
Digital communications and the Digital communications and the convergence of telecommunication convergence of telecommunication technologiestechnologies
Current Technology for Distance Education 1) Computers and Learning
Laptop computersLaptop computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) DVDDVD Course Management ToolsCourse Management Tools (Cellular Phone - Korea) (Cellular Phone - Korea)
Current Technology for Distance Education 2) Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)
Electronic NetworksElectronic Networks Wireless NetworksWireless Networks Computer –conferencingComputer –conferencing Virtual RealityVirtual Reality
WV Virtual Environments LabWV Virtual Environments Lab (http://wvvel.csee.wvu.edu)(http://wvvel.csee.wvu.edu)
Media Media Strengths Strengths Weaknesses Weaknesses
Print inexpensive; learner-controlled; dense information
passive
Audio/Video dynamic; learner-controlled; vicarious experience
development time/ cost
Radio/TV immediacy; mass distribution
development time/ cost; real time use
Teleconferencing interactive immediacy
complexity unreliability
Computers multimedia; dynamic
equipment needed development time/ costs
Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, G. (1996). Distance education: A systems view. Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth.
TE 601 Distance Education
3 Major System Transfer Modes?3 Major System Transfer Modes?
SatelliteSatelliteCMC (WWW)CMC (WWW)VideoconferenceVideoconference
TE 601 Distance Education-Satellite
System Transfer ModesSystem Transfer Modes SatelliteSatellite
1. Geostationary orbit1. Geostationary orbit• 35,785 km from the center of the Earth35,785 km from the center of the Earth• Covers 1/3 of the EarthCovers 1/3 of the Earth• http://www.geo-orbit.orghttp://www.geo-orbit.org//
TE 601 Distance Education-Satellite
System Transfer ModesSystem Transfer Modes SatelliteSatellite
2.2. Satellite deliverySatellite delivery•a.a. C-Band 3700-4200 MHz C-Band 3700-4200 MHz
EDNET-Institute, WV EDNET-Institute, WV
•b. b. Ku-Band 11700-12200 MHz Ku-Band 11700-12200 MHz CERC, WVU CERC, WVU
•c. L Band 950-1450 MHzc. L Band 950-1450 MHz Chart- Chart- http://history.acusd.edu/gen/recording/spectrum.htmlhttp://history.acusd.edu/gen/recording/spectrum.html
TE 601 Distance Education-Satellite
System Transfer ModesSystem Transfer Modes SatelliteSatellite
Many satellite-based providersMany satellite-based providersHigh quality picture and soundHigh quality picture and soundCost effectiveCost effectiveIntradistrict network supportIntradistrict network supportGeographical coverage in rural areasGeographical coverage in rural areas
Disadvantages of Telecommunications satellites
subject to regulation by the FCCsubject to regulation by the FCC Only a hand full of organizations in the world Only a hand full of organizations in the world
operating rocket facilities that can perform to lift a operating rocket facilities that can perform to lift a satellite into orbit. satellite into orbit. Rocket misfire and blow upRocket misfire and blow up
Redundancy is required for built –in repetition of Redundancy is required for built –in repetition of signalssignals
Atmospheric disturbances, raindrops and Atmospheric disturbances, raindrops and snowflakes can create staticsnowflakes can create static
Disadvantages of Telecommunications satellites
New competition: optical fiber lines New competition: optical fiber lines (networks)(networks) Flexibility, lower costFlexibility, lower cost Have diverted much of the long-distance Have diverted much of the long-distance
telephone business from satellitestelephone business from satellites Competition benefit us = the development Competition benefit us = the development
of more flexible satellite servicesof more flexible satellite services
TE 601 Distance Education - CMC
System Transfer ModesSystem Transfer Modes CMCCMC
Uses Internet - WAN, LAN, Uses Internet - WAN, LAN, ISDN,ISDN, cable, ATM, SMDS, DSL, Fibercable, ATM, SMDS, DSL, Fiber
Wireless Wireless
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
ISDN is an international ISDN is an international telecommunications standard that offers a telecommunications standard that offers a future worldwide network capable of future worldwide network capable of transmitting voice, data, video, and graphics transmitting voice, data, video, and graphics in digital form over standard telephone or in digital form over standard telephone or fiber optic cable.fiber optic cable.
ISDN transmits media using digital rather ISDN transmits media using digital rather than analog signals.than analog signals.
TE 601 Distance Education- Internet
System Transfer ModesSystem Transfer Modes InternetInternet
Access to librariesAccess to librariesCollaboration - ftp, email, (Frontpage)Collaboration - ftp, email, (Frontpage)Link between home and schoolLink between home and school
Videoconferencing
Videoconferencing technology allows Videoconferencing technology allows people at two or more locations to see people at two or more locations to see and hear each other at the same time.and hear each other at the same time.
http://www.vtel.com/http://www.vtel.com/ http://www.polycom.com/home/http://www.polycom.com/home/ http://www.phones4less.co.ukhttp://www.phones4less.co.uk