From pizzo to Addiopizzo

2004-2009

Definition

Meaning: protection money Literal translation: “beak”

PIZZO

Diffusion

70% of the Sicilian shops80% in Palermo*

58% of the Sicilian enterprises**

* Source: Survey by SOS Impresa & Confesercenti, 2007** Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici,

2008

PIZZO

Quantification 1

Cosa Nostra’s turnover:

351 millions of Euro (pizzo + usury)*

2.7% of the total

* Source: Eurispes 2006

PIZZO

Quantification 2

881 Euro per month (on average)* Like a progressive tax “Let them pay a little but make

everyone pay”

* Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici, 2008

PIZZO

Quantification 3 a street vendor: 50-100 Euro a neighbourhood bread store: 150-250 € a simple clothing store: 250 € a local mini-mart: 500 € a jeweller store: 1000 € a hotel: 1000 € a shopping center: 2000-5000 € public works: 2-3% of the contract

PIZZO

Request systems “An offering for the jailbirds” “Put yourself in order” The mediator Superglue The “environmental intimidation”:

a request you cannot refuse Looking for their own extortionist Threats escalation:

symbolic > material > murder

PIZZO

Aims

Economic aim(enterprise syndicate)

Criminal politic aim(power syndicate)

PIZZO

Evolution

The origin: lemon groves’ guardians

Moving into town: selective pizzo From the 90s: “carpet-pizzo” Today: increase of pizzo requests

and violence

PIZZO

Typology in cash, monthly “one-off pizzo” payment in kind imposed videopoker imposed suppliers imposed stipulations of subcontracts imposed staff imposed restrictions to the business imposed co-partnership (>expropriation)

PIZZO

NO FREE MARKET“A CRIMINAL SELECTION”

Vulnerable business

traditional sectors small size family-based low tech linked to the territory linked to public investments

PIZZO

Any benefit?

Mafia = the threat + the protector

For “pure” victims:a natural benefit(pizzo like a “trading license”)

For consentient victims:an unnatural benefit(pizzo like a subscription to be part of a “club” that offers illegal “facilities”)

PIZZO

Costs for the single business (micro-level)

direct costs: pizzo’s amount possible reprisals’ costs precautionary measure’ costs

indirect costs: loss of custom staff supplier openings for business bank credit

PIZZO

Costs for the economic system (macro-level)

Low birthrate of new enterprises Low rate of growth Loss of foreign investments High cost of bank credit

A damage to the businness environment

PIZZO

An assessment of damage over Sicily

1 billion of Euro per year 1.3 % of Sicily’s GRP*

* Source: “The Costs of Illegality”, Fondazione Chinnici, 2008

PIZZO

An assessment of damage over Southern Italy

Non-growth of added value of southern business caused

by the pervasive presence of Mafia is estimated as

7.5 billions of Euro per year, that is 2.5% of Southern Italy’s GDP *

Without pizzo between 1981 and 2001, Southern Italy’sper-capita GDP would have reached Northern Italy’s

one.

* Source: Indagine Censis-Fondazione Bnc, 2003

PIZZO

Libero GrassiPIZZO

Addiopizzo!

Addiopizzo “Farewell pizzo” Shift in opinion + trade association + consumers’

association

Addiopizzo “Farewell pizzo” Shift in opinion + trade association + consumers’ association

In the beginning, there was a sticker…

“An entire people that pays pizzois a people without dignity”

ADDIOPIZZO

The organization

voluntary young grass-roots action-oriented self-financing non-party nature monothematic

ADDIOPIZZO

The mission Push people to stand up to Mafia

domination

ADDIOPIZZO

BrainstormingADDIOPIZZO

Awareness and responsibility

In Palermo, 80% of the shops pays pizzo

When I buy something, I indirectly finance Mafia

I am part of the “entire people without dignity”

What can I do? What is my power?

I am a consumer. I can choose

ADDIOPIZZO

The ethical consumerism campaign

List of consumers

List ofshops andenterprises

“Commission of Guarantee”

(Pizzo-free list)

ADDIOPIZZO

Ethics and advantages Ethic criteria Economic criteria

ADDIOPIZZO

Putting the campaign into effect

Advertise Addiopizzo shops Logo of the campaign on the shop windows Pizzo-free “yellow pages” Website and Newsletters

“Pizzo-free Fair” “Pizzo-free Emporium” Pushing public bodies to adopt ethical

consumerism’s practices Pizzo-free tourism

ADDIOPIZZO

The logo of the campaign on the shop windows

ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free “yellow pages”ADDIOPIZZO

Website and newslettersADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free festival and fairADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free EmporiumADDIOPIZZO

Pushing public bodies to ethical consumerism

ADDIOPIZZO

Pizzo-free tourismADDIOPIZZO

Our strategies Listening to the environment’s needs Creativity Sharing Communication No copyright Bottom-up “Learning from Cosa Nostra” Strength in numbers

ADDIOPIZZO

The antsADDIOPIZZO

July 31, 2007 the crucial moment

Guajana Company’s arson The reaction of Palermo

ADDIOPIZZO

In the schools Education to anti-mafia values A generation revolution

ADDIOPIZZO

Push the power Trade associations

to take the responsibility for a common fight to invite their associate members to join the

Addiopizzo campaign Public bodies

to adopt ethical consumerism’s practices when they spend public money

to adopt anti-mafia measures Politics

to pass bills and promote tangible acts to fight Mafia to expel from their slates “connected” or even

dubious candidates

ADDIOPIZZO

On trial

Legal aid and advice suing for damages in the

prosecutions against Mafia against shopkeepers charged with

“aiding and abetting”

ADDIOPIZZO

The Addiopizzo effect Since the beginning

spotlight on the pizzo problem Sept. 1, 2007

Confindustria’s statement Sept. 18, 2007

Conticello’s testimony Nov. 10, 2007

“Libero Futuro” Addiopizzo outside Palermo

ADDIOPIZZO

Conticello testifiesADDIOPIZZO

Tools for a coral fightTowards Mafia: Complaints by the shopkeepers Inquiries and repression by Police Severe punishments, certainty of law Suing for damages in prosecutions

Towards the shopkeepers: “Bonus” attitude:

Refund victims of racket (Law 44/1999) State-guaranteed escort and video surveillance Tax relief Subsidized credit Ethical consumerism

“Punitive” attitude: Incrimination for “aiding and abetting” Exclusion from public works and suppliers list Exclusion from trade associations

Towards the social context: Anti-mafia education at school Politics against unemployment Improvement and redevelopment of the territory

ADDIOPIZZO

Prospects for the next future

A wider vision: E-commerce A national “pizzo-free shops” network Addiopizzo tourism

The “Pizzo-free card”: a collective investment

ADDIOPIZZO

The big picture

Fightpizzo

Fight Mafia

Free Sicily

ADDIOPIZZO

…

Hope - new - change A simple idea, looking apparently

like an utopia, comes true The force of “We” in breaking

patterns and ties up

ADDIOPIZZO