from textbook to online teacher

Online Learning Network: A Little Background About

Online Learning

Rob Darrow, Ed.D.

President, Online Learning VISIONS.com

October 2011

Website: http://bit.ly/scoeoln

http://bit.ly/scoeoln

Rob Darrow, Ed.D.. Rob @ onlinelearningvisions.com. Oct. 2011.

Stan COE/CTAP 6 Online Learning Network

Purpose Build the knowledge and understanding

about blended and online learning for everyone in Stanislaus County Schools




Stan COE/CTAP 6 Online Learning Network

F2F meetings Expectation: Same people attend all 4

16 Things to Learn About Online Teaching and Learning (ongoing)

Webinars




Start With the End in MindBy March 2012:

Understand the components of online learning

Understand differences between blended and online teaching and learning models

Have a district online learning plan 10-20 admin or staff or teachers completed

16 things and/or Leading Edge Certification


Think in terms of 3-5 years from now (not just

today).

Think about what can be, not what is.

This is a journey, not a destination.


Introductions

Me: Retired online school principal, doctorate, consultant (www.onlinelearningvisions.com), father of a 21-year-old

You: what you do, what your district is doing about online learning.

http://www.onlinelearningvisions.com/


Consensogram Results

Experience with online learning Teaching style


Handouts

Online Program Planning Chart Graphic: Market Landscape Graphic: Blended Learning Chart Stan COE Survey Results




Survey Results Discussion

In Small Groups 1. What is significant or interesting about the

results? 2. Any generalizations from the survey? 3. What are the future topics you would like to

discuss in the OLN?


Background – National Trends

** Online Schools ** Enrollment increases

30% per year

** Charter Schools ** Enrollment increases 11% - 20% per year

Two educational trends challenging traditional education:


One Other National Trend:Static Dropout Rates


Three out of every ten students do not graduate from high school.

The Challenge for the Nation

Source: EPE 2007; Greene 2002

About half of those who graduate are not college- and work-ready.


Research and Dropouts

“Lack of school success is probably the greatest single cause which impels pupils to

drop out of school.” Ayres (1909). Laggards in our schools.


Research Studies - California

Darrow (2010). Online charter schools and at-risk students

Schwirzke (2011). Perspectives about online learning from superintendents


California 13% of the total U.S. K-12 public

school student enrollment 20% of the U.S. public charter

school enrollment Top rated state regarding

charter school law and policy

National Alliance for Public Charter Schools (2010)


Recommendations (Schwirzke, 2011)

State policies need to be developed to: Identify standard definitions for online and

blended learning Create a framework for online and blended

learning Change to a funding model for online courses

that allows fractional per-pupil funds to follow students down to the individual course, not just the full-time program


Recommendations (Darrow, 2010)

Need a uniform way to count online school students

Innovation grants and research grants needed for online learning in California

Common standards for K-12 online learning should be adopted

Ongoing finance model for online schools needed in California; current school funding finance models don’t fit with online courses


Defining Terms Traditional Learning

attend courses daily in face-to-face setting Online Learning

attend courses online where 70% instruction is online

Blended Learning attend courses online where 30% instruction

is online Charter School

independently operated public schools of choice


Definitions: Online School Enrollment

Part-time Online Students Take one or two online courses in

addition to attending traditional school One student in one course per

semester counts one Full Time Online Students

One student attending the school counts one

Watson, Gemin, Ryan & Wicks (2009). Keeping pace with K-12 online learning.


One Example: Florida Virtual SchoolOne student in one course for one semester


Definitions: Counting Online School Enrollment

No Standards

Part-time online students not officially counted, except as an estimate in response to a researcher’s survey

Full time online students counted if they attend an online charter school

In California, public school students, including charters, are counted each October via California Basic Educational Data System (CBEDS)


Types of Online Schools

A. National Companies – individual online charter schools in different states (K-12, Inc. Connections Academy, Insight)

Primarily charter schools

B. Statewide – run by state agencies Some charters, some not

C. District / County – run by school districts or county educational offices

Some charters, some not

Watson, Gemin, Ryan & Wicks (2009). Keeping pace with K-12 online learning. http://www.kpk12.com/

http://www.kpk12.com/


Number of Full Time K-12 Students in California in OL Charters (Darrow, 2010)

Grades 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

K-12 5399 7454 10502

9-12 773 1618 2992

Based on October CBEDS. Ed Data. http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us

http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us/




Number of Part Time Online Students in Ca (Schwirzke, 2011)

Grades 2006-07 2007-08 2009-10

K-12 17347 42822 34769

9-12 12625 27289 19948

Based on survey results from 146 California schools.


California Enrollment

Enrollment in online charter schools has increased each year for the past three years: 80% in past two years

Percent of students in charter high schools: 6% of total 9-12 enrollment

Percent of students in online charter high schools: .16% of total 9-12 enrollment


Stanislaus COE Survey Enrollments

Online/Blended Learning Students (one student, one semester, one course)

7791

Online / Blended Learning Teachers

65


State/organization Full-time or

supplemental

2007-2008

enrollment

2008-2009

enrollment

Annual

increase

Florida Virtual School Supplemental 120,000 154,125 25%

Idaho Digital Learning

Academy

Supplemental 6,619 9,646 46%

Alabama ACCESS Supplemental 18,955 28,014 48%

Michigan Virtual School Supplemental 11,000 16,000 45%

Minnesota (state) Both 23,722 28,332 19%

Colorado (state) Full-time 9,238 11,641 26%

Ohio (state) Full-time 24,011 27,037 13%

Arizona (state) Both 15,000 23,000 24%

Connections Academy

(across U.S.)

Full-time

charter

13,000 20,000 54%

K12, Inc.

(across U.S.)

Full-time

charter

39,500 56,000 42%

Watson et al, Keeping Pace. http://www.kpk12.com/

http://www.kpk12.com/


Online School History and Policy

1994 – 1997 - First K-12 online schools: Utah Electronic School Virtual High School – Massachusetts Florida Virtual School

2007 – Number of states with online programs / online legislation: 42

2007 – Number of online charter schools: 173 in 18 states 92,235 students (Center for Ed Reform, 2008)

2008 – Online course enrollments grew by 65% from 2002-03 to 2004-05 (Means, 2009)

2009 – More than a million K-12 online school students (Picciano and Seaman, 2009)


Online Learning and Student Achievement

Meta-analysis have found that overall, student achievement in online schools is the same or better when compared with traditional schools

Means et al. (2009), Cavanaugh et al. (2004)

Emerging Research Online student interaction in discussion

boards / forums (Lowes, 2007)

Student success / student attrition in online courses (Porta-Merida, 2009; Roblyer, 2008)


Defining Terms

What does it look like? Handout: Continuum from Textbook

Enhanced to Online Teaching and Learning

Handout: Blended Learning Chart


Instructional Delivery From Textbook Enhanced to Online Teacher

“The key to success in our online classes rests not with the content that is being presented but with the method by which the course is being delivered.”

- Rena Palloff and Keith Pratt (2001)


Why does this matter?

The goal is student achievement, but…if we don’t know what “it” looks like: We can’t count it We can’t study it (researchers) We don’t know if it’s making a difference We can’t teach it to others


Blended Learning (Dziuban, Hartman and Moskal, 2004)

“Blended learning should be viewed as a pedagogical approach that combines the effectiveness and socialization opportunities of the classroom with the active learning of the online environment: A shift from lecture- to student-centered instruction Students become active and interactive learners Increases in interaction between student-instructor,

student-student, student-content, and student-outside resources

Integrated formative and summative assessment mechanisms for students and instructor.”


What does “it” look like?

Textbook enhanced teaching and learning

Technology enhanced (not online) Web/online enhanced Blended Online


Teaching and Learning

What is the student doing? What is the teacher doing? What is the content? Where is the content?


What does “it” look like?*Teacher vs. student control of

teaching and learning


Technology enhanced (not online)

Web/online enhanced Blended Online

More teacher control

Shared control

More student control


What does “it” look like?*Teacher-centric vs. Student-centric




More teacher centric

Combination

More student centric


What does “it” look like?*Control of time and pace




Set time structure

Some Flexibility

Flexible


What does “it” look like?


Technology enhanced (not online) Web/online enhanced Blended Online


Textbook Enhanced

What is the student doing?• Sitting in a desk in a classroom• Writing on paper• Listening to teacher• Talking with peers

What is the teacher doing?• Standing in front of the

classroom• Directing Learning• Group discussions

What is the content?• Textbooks• Supplemental materials• Teacher created materials

Where is the content?• On paper• In the classroom• In a school library


Technology Enhanced

What is the student doing?• Sitting in a desk in a classroom• Writing on paper• Listening to teacher• Talking with peers• Using a shared or personal

computer

What is the teacher doing?• Standing in front of the classroom• Directing Learning• Group discussions

What is the content?• Textbooks• Supplemental materials• Teacher created materials• Computer (Word, Ppt, etc.)• Computer Program (loaded or

CD-Rom)

Where is the content?• On paper• In the classroom• In a school library• On a computer/digital white

board / doc camera, etc.


Web/Online EnhancedWhat is the student doing?• Sitting in a desk in a classroom• Writing on paper• Listening to teacher• Talking with peers• Using a shared or personal

computer

What is the teacher doing?• Standing in front of the classroom• Directing Learning• Group discussions• Assignments/activities online

What is the content?• Textbooks• Supplemental materials• Teacher created materials• Computer (Word, Ppt, etc.)• Computer Program (loaded or

CD-Rom)• Web• Computer led (e.g. programmed

math or English)

Where is the content?• On paper• In the classroom• In a school library• On a computer/digital white

board / doc camera, etc.• Online


Blended

What is the student doing? (30% work online)• Sitting in a desk in a classroom or

computer lab• Using personal computer online at

home or other location• Interacting with peers in person

and online

What is the teacher doing? (30% interacting with students online)• Standing in front of the classroom• Directing Learning• Meeting students in small groups

(f2f and online)• Developing/assigning online

lessons• Grading online

What is the content?• Textbooks• Supplemental materials• Teacher created materials• Computer (Word, Ppt, etc.)• Computer Program (loaded or CD-

Rom)• Web• Computer led (e.g. programmed

math or English)

Where is the content?• On paper• In the classroom• In a school library• On a computer/digital white board /

doc camera, etc.• Online (computer led or teacher led

content)


Online

What is the student doing? (70% or more work online)• Sitting in a desk in a classroom or

computer lab• Using personal computer online at

home or school or other location• Interacting with teacher in person

and/or online• Interacting with teacher in person

and/or online

What is the teacher doing? (70% or more interacting with students online)• Standing in front of the classroom• Guiding Learning• Meeting students in small groups

(online and maybe f2f)• Developing/assigning online

lessons• Discussion Board• Online meetings/teaching (e.g.

Elluminate)• Grading online

What is the content?• Textbooks• Supplemental materials• Teacher created materials• Computer/Program (Word, Ppt, CD-Rom,

etc.)• Web• Computer led (e.g. programmed

math or English)• Teacher led

Where is the content?• On paper• On a computer/digital white board /

doc camera, etc.• Online (computer led or teacher led

content)


Textbook Enhanced

Teacher Student Curriculum


Textbook Led Instruction

Student Learning – Classroom (Student work completed on paper)

Teacher Instruction - Classroom Teaching Strategies – Teacher directed,

face-to-face Content – Textbook/Teacher

Developed/Supplemental Materials


Technology EnhancedTeacher Student Curriculum


Technology Enhanced (Not Online)

Student – Classroom (Student work completed on paper)

Teacher Instruction - Classroom Teaching Strategies – Teacher directed,

face-to-face, technology (Word, PowerPoint, SmartBoard, Clickers, Video, Audio, etc.)

Content – Textbook/Teacher Developed/Supplemental Materials/Technology


Web/Online EnhancedTeacher Student Curriculum


Web/Online Enhanced

Student Learning – Classroom (Student work completed on paper or online)

Teacher Instruction – Classroom and Online (may post teacher lessons online or in iTunes/podcasting/YouTube)

Teaching Strategies – Teacher directed, face-to-face, technology, online

Content – Textbook/Teacher Developed/Supplemental Materials/Technology/Online (may use computer led instruction such as Plato, Nova Net, Rosetta Stone or ALEKS and/or blogs or other online tools).


BlendedTeacher Student Curriculum


Blended Teaching and Learning (70/30 face-to-face)

Student Learning – Classroom and Online (School and Home – 70% Classroom/30% Online). (Student work completed on paper or online)

Teacher Instruction – Classroom (face-to-face meetings once or more per week) and Online

Teaching Strategies – Teacher guided/directed or computer directed, face-to-face, technology, online, online tools primarily used in face-to-face instruction such as a course management system, paperless assignments, discussion board, email, Instant Messaging

Content – Textbook/Teacher Developed/Supplemental Materials/Technology/Online (may use computer led instruction such as Plato, Nova Net, Rosetta Stone or ALEKS, or teacher led instruction such as teacher developed content, K-12, Inc, , Connection Academy or Florida Virtual School. Use of online tools such as discussion boards or blogs or Moodle or instant messaging, etc.)


OnlineTeacher Student Curriculum


Online Teaching and Learning (70/30 Online)

Student Learning – Classroom and Online (School and Home – 70% Online/30% or less Classroom). (Student work completed online)

Teacher Instruction – Classroom/Office (may meet face-to-face) and Online (online collaboration tools such as Elluminate or Webinar software in addition to utilizing tools such as podcasting and YouTube)

Teaching Strategies – Teacher guided, technology, online, online tools primarily used in online instruction such as a course management system, paperless assignments, discussion board, email, Instant Messaging, etc.

Content – Textbook/Teacher Developed/Supplemental Materials/Technology/Online (may use computer led instruction such as Plato, Nova Net, Rosetta Stone or ALEKS, or teacher led instruction such as teacher developed content, K-12, Inc, , Connection Academy or Florida Virtual School. Use of online tools such as discussion boards or blogs or Moodle or instant messaging, etc.)


iNacol – Updated Quality Online Teaching Standards – Blended Learning Continuum

**Curriculum**

Less Online Instruction

More Online Instruction

Mostly Online Instruction



**Instructional Support**






**Students**





A Quiz!

Define the type of teaching and learning.


Questions?

• www.onlinelearningvisions.com • [email protected]


http://www.onlinelearningvisions.com/

mailto:[email protected]
