Lynn Sutherland October 2009

From the Web to the Cloud

• Computing history – pre 1993

• Web 1.0 - 1993 world-wide-web

• Web 2.0 - 2001 - user-created content

• Web 3.0 – 2009 – utility/cloud computing?

• Cloud Computing – What’s under the hood?

– Where are we now?

– Where are we going?

• Questions

Pre 1993 Computing

• Mainframes 1960s – IBM, CDC, HP, DEC, Amdahl

• Mini-Computers 1970s – DEC, Xerox

– ARPANET, UNIX, email

• Personal Computer 1980s – IBM, Compaq, Apple

– spreadsheets, graphics, word processors, hypertext, C++, computer games, TCP/IP

– 1982 Time’s “Man of the Year”

1970s-80s machine room

The Columbia Computer Center IBM Machine Room, about 1980. Visible at right center is some of the last surviving punch-card equipment. Off to the far right is the Gandalf PACX terminal switch. Tape drives to the left and the rear; printers in the foreground; the operator terminal area in the center.

Photo: Bob Resnikoff.

First IBM PC The main features that the IBM PC initially gave were as follows: •One or two 360k 5.25" floppy drives (early models had 120k byte single sided drives). •BASIC in ROM with cassette tape support. •Option of CP/M-86 or IBM PC-DOS. •Wide range of off-the-shelf software eg VisiCalc, Wordstar, SuperCalc, dBase II, which were easily ported from 8-bit CP/M. •Open platform for new software developments, from 8086 Assembler to a wide range of programming languages (eg PL/M, C, Basic). •Choice of either a high-quality monochrome text display or colour display capable of 2-colour medium resolution or 4-colour low resolution graphics. •Published hardware bus and layout design, allowing 3rd party add-ons. •Options of serial and parallel printer ports. •IBM on the front, hence world-class sales and marketing support.

Web 1.0 • 1984 – GNU project to develop and promote Open Source

Software launched by Richard Stallman

• 1990 – HTTP protocol and first WorldWideWeb interface designed and released by Tim Berners-Lee, CERN

• 1991 – Linux released by Linus Torvalds

• 1993 – First browser – Mosaic – Marc Anderson NCSA, later became first commercial browser – NetScape – then open-sourced as Mozilla (now Firefox)

• Search engines – 1990 – Archie; 1993 – Excite; 1994 – Lycos, AltaVista, Webcrawler; 1996 – Intomi; 1997 – Ask Jeeves (now ask.com); 1998 – Google launched; 2004 – Google went public

Web 2.0 - User Created Content

• 2001 – Wikipedia

• 2002 – Friendster

• 2003 – MySpace

• 2004 – Facebook

• 2005 – YouTube

• 2006 – Blogger fully supported by Google (blogging started in 1980s-1990s)

• 2006 – Twitter started

Web 3.0 – cloud computing?

What is Cloud Computing? CLOUD: Common, Location-independent, Online Utility provisioned on-Demand

• Common, in that it multiplexes demand from multiple customers and applications into a shared, common pool of computing resources.

• Location-independent, because data accessibility should follow you no matter where you are.

• Online, in the sense that it is accessible over an agile, geographically dispersed network, that is available anytime.

• A Utility because it provides value and offers usage-sensitive, pay-per-use pricing.

• on-Demand in that the ability to provision capacity or service should be as fast as possible to meet variable demand requirements, enhancing business agility

and providing capacity and scalability at the lowest total cost.

adapted from original quote by Joe Weinman, VP Strategic Solutions, AT&T, November 2008

Gartner Hype Cycle 2009

Three Layers of Clouds

• Applications

• Platforms

• Infrastructure

All offered as SERVICES UTILITIES

PAY-PER-USE

Cloud Computing – Applications

• Google Applications – gmail, calendar, word

processing, spreadsheets, presentations

• Salesforce.com – customer relationship

management

• Basecamp, Huddle – group collaboration

• Replicon - timesheets

• WordPress – web sites, blogs

• Medical applications – you will see many

Google Calendar

Salesforce.com

Medical Applications

Calgary Scientific iPhone application for MRI viewing

http://www.youtube.com/v/zDjFNLLahqI

Kanata Health Solutions personal health remote monitoring

http://kanatahealth.ca/

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

Dashboard

Simple instructions at: http://howto.opml.org/dave/ec2/

Amazon Services

• Operating Systems – Red Hat Enterprise, Linux, Windows Server 2003, Oracle Enterprise Linux, OpenSolaris, openSUSE

Linux, Ubuntu Linux, Fedora, Gentoo Linux

• Databases – IBM DB2, IBM Informix Dynamic Server, Microsoft SQL Server Standard 2005, MySQL Enterprise,

Oracle 11g

• Batch Processing – Hadoop, Condor, Open MPI

• Web Hosting – Apache, HTTP IIS/Asp.Net IBM Lotus Web Content Management , IBM WebSphere Portal Server

• Application Development Environments – IBM sMash, JBoss Enterprise Application Platform, Ruby on Rails

• Application Servers – IBM WebSphere Application Server, Java Application Server, Oracle WebLogic Server

• Video Encoding & Streaming – Wowza Media Server Pro, Windows Media Server

Amazon Pricing Standard On-Demand

Instances Linux/UNIX Usage Windows Usage

Small (Default) $0.10 per hour $0.125 per hour

Large $0.40 per hour $0.50 per hour

Extra Large $0.80 per hour $1.00 per hour

High CPU On-Demand

Instances Linux/UNIX Usage Windows Usage

Medium $0.20 per hour $0.30 per hour

Extra Large $0.80 per hour $1.20 per hour

Standard Reserved

Instances 1 yr Term 3 yr Term Usage

Small (Default) $227.50 $350 $0.03 per hour

Large $910 $1400 $0.12 per hour

Extra Large $1820 $2800 $0.24 per hour

High CPU Reserved

Instances 1 yr Term 3 yr Term Usage

Medium $455 $700 $0.06 per hour Extra Large $1820 $2800 $0.24 per hour

Apps.gov

Tuesday, September 15, 2009 Announcement:

"Today, I am excited to announce that we have

launched Apps.gov to help continue the

President’s initiative to lower the cost of government operations while driving innovation

within government."

What’s under the hood?

• Layers – SaaS – Software as a Service

– PaaS – Platform as a Service

– IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service

• Virtualization

• Enterprise and/or open or hybrid

• Distributed connected data centres

• Green IT

Where are we now? • Many SaaS applications, some PaaS

• Amazon, Rackspace, VrSTORM IaaS

• Apps.gov – launched Sept 15, 2009

• Websphere (IBM), Sharepoint (Microsoft), VMware, Citrix – big corporate support for common portals and clouds

• VrSTORM – first open Canadian cloud solution provider

• Alberta cloud-based companies: Replicon, MoboVivo, Clinitrust, Kanata Health Solutions, Calgary Scientific, Cambrian House

• High on hype cycle

• Lots of creative destruction

Where are we going?

• Most businesses and applications only need very lightweight end-point devices

• Almost all applications will be deployed to the cloud

• Consider moving your applications to the cloud

• Decreased capital costs and operations

• Cloud utilities will provide competitive packages based on pay-per-use

Contact: Lynn Sutherland lynn.sutherland@vrstorm.com