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Special Eurobarometer

New Europeans Report

Fieldwork : March 2010 – April 2010

Publication: April 2011

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This survey was requested by the Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities and coordinated by the Directorate-General for Communication (“Research and Speechwriting" Unit)

This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission.

The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.

European Commission

Eurobarometer 73.3

NEW EUROPEANS

CONDUCTED BY TNS OPINION & SOCIAL ON REQUEST OF DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR EMPLOYMENT, SOCIAL AFFAIRS

AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES

SURVEY CO-ORDINATED BY DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR COMMUNICATION

(“RESEARCH AND SPEECHWRITING" UNIT)

TNS Opinion & Social Avenue Herrmann Debroux, 40

1160 Bruxelles Belgique

SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER 346 NEW EUROPEANS

1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................... 9

1. 'NEW EUROPEANS' IN THE EU: DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONNECTEDNESS

WITH OTHER COUNTRIES ................................................................................ 11

1.1. Connectedness through family background .................................................... 11

1.1.1. Place of birth of respondents............................................................. 13

1.1.2. Place of birth of respondents’ parents ................................................ 16

1.1.3. Place of birth of respondents’ grandparents......................................... 19

1.1.4. Citizenship of respondents’ grandparents............................................ 21

1.2. Personal links with other countries ................................................................ 24

1.2.1. Close friends living abroad................................................................ 28

1.2.2. Friends who come from abroad ......................................................... 29

1.2.3. Close relatives living abroad ............................................................. 30

1.2.4. Partner of a different nationality........................................................ 31

1.3. Personal experiences in other countries......................................................... 33

1.3.1. Work experience ............................................................................. 36

1.3.2. Study experience ............................................................................ 37

1.3.3. Other reasons for temporarily living abroad ........................................ 38

1.3.4. Owning real property....................................................................... 39

1.4. Socio-cultural links with other countries ........................................................ 40

1.4.1. Food ............................................................................................. 44

1.4.2. Follow news, cultural life and sports................................................... 45

1.4.3. Foreign language skills..................................................................... 46

1.4.4. Holidays and weekends.................................................................... 47

2. PLANS TO MOVE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY .............................................. 48

2.1. Inclination to emigrate within ten years......................................................... 48 2.2. Countries of preference .................................................................................. 51


2

3. ATTACHMENT AND FEELINGS OF BELONGING....................................... 53

3.1 Attachment to other countries........................................................................ 53 3.2. Reasons for attachment to other countries..................................................... 58

Holidays and weekends................................................................................. 61

Close friends ............................................................................................... 62

Close relatives ............................................................................................. 63

Other reasons for attachment to another country.............................................. 64

3.3. Different levels of attachment: city, region, country and EU........................... 67

Attachment to city, town or village ................................................................. 70

Attachment to region.................................................................................... 70

Attachment to respondents’ own country......................................................... 71

Attachment to the EU ................................................................................... 72

3.4 Comparison of attachment: own country versus other countries.................... 73

3.5 Belonging to a group ...................................................................................... 76

Feelings of belonging to a group..................................................................... 77

3.6 Reasons for belonging to a group ................................................................... 80

Language or accent ...................................................................................... 83

Culture values and lifestyle............................................................................ 84

4. IDENTITY.............................................................................................. 87

4.1. National identity ............................................................................................. 87

4.2 European identity ........................................................................................... 95

Elements of European identity........................................................................ 95

Importance of European identity .................................................................... 99

CONCLUSION................................................................................................. 102


3

INTRODUCTION

The population in the European Union Member States is becoming increasingly diverse as

a result of people moving across borders. More and more Europeans have connections

not just with the country they live in.

Against the background of European cohesion within a wider EU and of international

migration patterns, a special interest emerged in 'New Europeans': people who live in the

EU and have connections with more countries than just the country where they live

(whether this is another Member State, a European country outside the EU, or a non-

European country). Connectedness is a broad, rich concept; it can take several forms,

objective or subjective.

In this report we use the term 'New Europeans' to contrast them with 'Old Europeans':

the latter are EU citizens who have no special connection with any country other than

their own. Of course, the terms 'New and Old Europeans' as used in this report have

nothing to do with 'old' and 'new' Member States (i.e. those that joined the EU since

2004).

The cross-border connectedness (where it exists) is multifaceted and therefore we should

not reduce it into a yes-or-no issue. The challenge is to find ways to study these varying

degrees of connectedness, while taking into account the fact that this may involve

diverse and complex connections.

The Directorate General of Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities of the

European Commission has commissioned this Eurobarometer survey to gain insight into

peoples’ connectedness to other countries. The challenge in this research was to identify

these 'New Europeans': who are they, where can we find them? They tend to be hidden

in the existing data sources and include children of migrants, mixed couples,

international students, retirement migrants and expats.

However, the Eurobarometer is an opinion survey and despite the substantial sample of

around 27,500 respondents per wave, it is not a census and therefore not suitable for

demographic statistical purposes. In this respect any opinion survey has its limitations. A

brief analysis of the nationality and the mother tongue of the respondents may illustrate

this limitation.

The proportion of respondents in this survey who hold a nationality other than that of the

country where they live (dual or single nationality) varies from low (4% to 8% in eight

countries) to extremely low (1% to 3% in thirteen countries) or close to zero (in five

countries, all new Member States1). The only exception is Luxembourg, where 34% of

1 Countries that have joined the EU since 2004.


4

the respondents hold a non-Luxembourg nationality (or another nationality in addition to

Luxembourg citizenship).

Accordingly, we examined the mother tongue of those surveyed. In all 27 EU Member

States, there are respondents with a mother tongue other than the official national

language(s) of the country they live in. Again, these proportions vary from extremely low

(1% to 3% in six countries) or low (4% to 7% in nine countries) to noticeable (8% to

17% in ten countries) or substantial, though this is only the case in two countries (26%

in Luxembourg and 29% in Latvia).

In short, the examination of the proportion of respondents who hold a nationality and/or

speak a mother tongue other than that of their country of residence reveals that these

groups are small, and can therefore yield only a limited picture of the cross-border

connectedness of people living in the EU. A further limitation arises from the target

population of the Eurobarometer: European citizens aged fifteen years or older. This

means that it does not involve younger citizens, nor does it include residents without EU

citizenship. Nevertheless, in spite of these limitations, the survey provides reliable

indications of the diverse population in Europe and of the strength of their connectedness

across the borders of the country in which they live.

Building analytical variables:

Two key analytical variables were constructed in order to enrich the analysis, and

especially to see how far the type of connection with other countries may influence

respondents’ opinions and attitudes on the different issues tackled in the survey. The first

variable reflects respondents’ ancestry or roots in other countries and the second their

openness to other countries. Using these indices, three groups of respondents can be

distinguished:

'New Europeans by ancestry'

They have a migrant background, that is, at least one parent or grandparent

originates from a country other than the interviewee’s country of residence and

not all of their four grandparents held citizenship of this country at birth (15% of

the sample).

'New European by openness'

These are people who developed strong ties to a country other than their country

of residence. This can be so for four different reasons: they have worked or

studied in another country for some time, or have a partner from another country,

or they may own property abroad (20% of the sample).


5

'Old Europeans'

Old Europeans have roots only in the country where their parents and

grandparents were born. Moreover, when their grandparents were born, all four

were citizens of the country where the respondent was interviewed. They are

Europeans citizens as a consequence of their country being or becoming a

Member State of the EU. Moreover, they have no links with other countries, in the

sense that they have neither worked nor studied in another country, they have

never lived with a partner from another country, and they do not own property

abroad (64% of the sample).

In this report, we compare the answers from respondents who are 'New Europeans by

openness' from those who are not in this category: we will name the latter 'respondents

not open to other countries'.

Similarly, we compare the answers from respondents who are 'New Europeans by

ancestry' from those who are not in this category: we will name the latter 'respondents

without foreign descent'.

Note that the two groups of 'New Europeans' (by ancestry and by openness) partly

overlap. A respondent with ancestral roots in another country may also, for example,

have property in that other country, or may have studied there. Nevertheless, in this

report, answers from each of the three groups – 'New Europeans by ancestry', 'New

Europeans by openness' and 'Old Europeans' will be separately analysed as a whole, in

order to have a clear view of the possible different influences of ‘active’ openness (as

defined by choices) on the one hand and ‘passive’ ancestry (as defined by facts) on the

other.

If we consider only the exclusive groups, we then have four categories of respondents:

'New Europeans by openness alone' (11% of the sample), 'New Europeans by ancestry

alone' (8% of the sample), 'Old Europeans' (64% of the sample), and a group of

unclassifiable respondents who didn’t answer some questions (don’t know) or presenting

mixed characteristics (for instance, being 'New Europeans' by openness and by ancestry).

This last group represents 17% of the total sample. In this report, answers of those who

are 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' or 'New Europeans by openness alone', are also

analysed.


6

Four different types of connectedness:

Cross-country connectedness is, as mentioned above, a broad concept. For deeper

analysis of and insight into European connectedness, the following four different types

will be identified in this report.

Family background

Respondents’ place of birth and that of their parents and grandparents,

supplemented with the citizenship of their grandparents at birth.

Personal links

Respondents’ personal relationships with other people who live abroad or come

from abroad: close friends, brothers, sisters, children, parents and/or a partner

they live or have lived with.

Personal experience

Respondents’ own experience of living in another country in the past because of

work, education or owning property.

Socio-cultural links

This can take various forms, such as a preference for foreign cuisine, an interest

in news, cultural life or sports of another country, spending leisure time abroad or

having foreign language skills.


7

This report is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the four types of

connectedness mentioned above. The second part examines respondents’ plans to move

to another country and how this relates to issues of ancestry and openness. The third

part focuses on respondents’ attachment to these other countries as compared with the

country where they live and on respondents’ feelings of belonging to a group. Reasons

for the attachment and different geographical levels of attachment are discussed, as well

as reasons for belonging to a group. The fourth and final part of this report deals with the

determinants and elements of national and European identity.

*****

The findings of this survey are analysed firstly at EU level and then country-by-country.

Socio-demographic variables such as respondents’ gender, age, education and

occupation, are used to provide additional analysis. In addition, we use the variables

described above to distinguish between different types of Europeans (New-by-openness,

New-by-ancestry and Old) for further analysis.

The survey was commissioned by the European Commission’s Directorate General (DG)

for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities and coordinated by the

Directorate-General for Communication. It was carried out by TNS Opinion & Social

network between 12 March and 1 April 2010. The methodology used is that of

Eurobarometer surveys as carried out by European Commission’s Directorate-General for

Communication (‘Public Opinion and Speechwriting’ unit). A technical note on the manner

in which interviews were conducted by the Institutes within the TNS Opinion & Social

network is attached as an annex to this report. This note indicates the interview methods

and the confidence intervals.

The Eurobarometer web site can be consulted at the following address:

http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/index_en.htm

We would like to take the opportunity to thank all the respondents across the European

Union who gave their time to take part in this survey.

Without their active participation, this study would simply not have been possible.


8

In this report, the countries are represented by their official abbreviations. The

abbreviations used in this report correspond to:

ABBREVIATIONS

EU27 European Union – 27 Member States

DK/NA Don’t know / No answer

BE Belgium

BG Bulgaria

CZ Czech Republic

DK Denmark

D-E East Germany

DE Germany

D-W West Germany

EE Estonia

EL Greece

ES Spain

FR France

IE Ireland

IT Italy

CY Republic of Cyprus

LT Lithuania

LV Latvia

LU Luxembourg

HU Hungary

MT Malta

NL The Netherlands

AT Austria

PL Poland

PT Portugal

RO Romania

SI Slovenia

SK Slovakia

FI Finland

SE Sweden

UK The United Kingdom


9

Executive Summary

Different types of connectedness to other countries

Foreign ancestry is the most obvious type of connectedness to another country,

but is not very common; more than 85% of Europeans were themselves born, or

have parents or grandparents who were born in their country of residence.

Similarly, eight out of ten Europeans have all four grandparents born as citizens of

their country of residence.

Personal relationships with people from or in other countries are widespread.

Four in ten Europeans have close friends living in another country; more than a

quarter have close friends who came from abroad and/or close relatives –

brothers, sisters, children, parents – who live abroad.

Personal experiences abroad are less widespread but significant. Almost one in

eight Europeans have worked abroad, one in twelve studied abroad, and one in

ten stayed abroad for three consecutive months or longer for other reasons.

Socio-cultural links with other countries are widespread. More than a third of

Europeans regularly eat food typical of another country, follow news, cultural life

or sports from another country, are fluent in at least one foreign language, or

regularly spend holidays or weekends abroad, that is, in a country other than the

country of residence.

Expecting to emigrate within ten years

More than one in ten Europeans envisage to move to another country within the

next ten years, half of them to another EU Member State.

New Europeans are more likely to move abroad, particularly 'New Europeans by

openness': one in five compared to only one in twenty 'Old Europeans'.

Feelings of attachment and belonging

Around one in two Europeans feel an attachment to at least one country other

than their country of residence. 'New Europeans' are far more likely to feel

attached to another country than their country of residence than 'Old Europeans'.

This attachment to a specific country other than their country of residence seems

to reflect historical-cultural similarities (language) or mere geographical proximity.

The top three reasons for attachment to another country are: regularly spending

holidays and weekends there, followed by having close relatives there (both in

particular for 'New Europeans by ancestry'), and having close friends who live

there (especially for 'New Europeans by openness').

Europeans’ attachment to their own country (of residence) is far stronger than

that to their favoured other countries. This is true even for New Europeans.


10

Turning to feelings of belonging to a group, seven in ten Europeans feel they

belong to a majority group and almost one in ten feel they belong to a minority

group. When it comes to how Europeans feel they are perceived by others, their

answers are comparable. 'New Europeans by ancestry' are more likely to feel

belonging to a minority group.

Identity

For Europeans, the most important element of national identity is to be born in

their country (though less so for 'New Europeans').

'New Europeans by openness alone' most often mention the sharing of cultural

traditions and feeling national as important aspects of national identity, whereas

'New Europeans by ancestry alone' think so of mastering the national language of

their country of residence.

The leading elements of European identity are clearly the euro and democratic

values. Six in ten Europeans say that being European is important to them, the

same as in spring 2009.

There are no significant differences between 'Old and New Europeans' as regards

European identity, the only exception being that 'New Europeans' - by openness

and by ancestry - consider democratic values to be more important than 'Old

Europeans' do.


11

1. 'NEW EUROPEANS' IN THE EU: DIFFERENT

TYPES OF CONNECTEDNESS WITH OTHER

COUNTRIES

People can have connectedness to countries other than the country where they live

through various links. Connectedness can involve subjective and emotional reasons as

well as more objective matters, such as education or work. Therefore, connectedness is

measured in different ways in the survey reported here. Respondents’ family ties abroad

are analyzed first, followed by other personal links, their personal experiences in other

countries and, finally, by socio-cultural links.

1.1. Connectedness through family background

Respondents were asked about the places of birth of themselves, their parents and their

grandparents: whether they were born in the country where they live, another EU

country, another non-EU country in Europe or another country outside Europe2.

More than nine out of ten Europeans were born in the country of interview, and eight out

of ten have all four grandparents born with the citizenship of the country of interview.

This means that connection to other countries through family background applies to only

small proportions of Europeans.

2 QB4 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.

QB4.1 You were born in … QB4.2 Your mother was born in … QB4.3 Your father was born in … QB4.4 Your grandmother on your mother’s side was born in … QB4.5 Your grandfather on your mother’s side was born in … QB4.6 Your grandmother on your father’s side was born in … QB4.7 Your grandfather on your father’s side was born in …


12

Country-by-country analysis shows that Luxembourg stands out clearly as the country

with the highest number of respondents who have parents or grandparents born in

another country, mainly in other EU Member States. Austria, Germany, France and the

UK follow with the same pattern. The UK, however, has more respondents with

grandparents born outside Europe (mostly in Asia). Two Baltic States, Latvia and Estonia,

have the highest number of respondents with parents or grandparents born in a

European country that is not a EU Member State (most likely Russia) or outside Europe.

Socio-demographic analysis reveals a general pattern as regards age, education and

urbanisation: the younger the respondents, the more likely they are to have foreign roots.

Similarly, those who are highly educated and those who live in large towns are more

likely to be of foreign descent.


13

1.1.1. Place of birth of respondents

The most obvious type of connection a person can have with another country is a priori

by being born in another country. The vast majority of respondents (93%) are born in

the country where they live3. A small minority (7%) of interviewees were born abroad:

4% said that they were born in another EU Member State4, and just 1% in a non-EU

country in Europe, including Turkey. Finally, a small percentage (2%) of respondents

were born outside Europe

Country-by-country analysis shows that the highest percentages of respondents who

were born in a country other than their country of residence are found in Luxembourg

(35%, by far the highest percentage), Germany (13%), Spain and the United Kingdom

(both 12%), Belgium and Ireland (both 11%). All these countries, except Spain, have

been EU Member States since 1973 or before. Countries with (almost) no respondents

born elsewhere are Bulgaria and Romania (each 0%), Hungary and Poland (each 1%),

Czech Republic and Slovakia (each 2%), Italy and Malta (each 3%).

3 (OUR COUNTRY) or a place that is part of (OUR COUNTRY) today. 4 Another country that is today a member of the EU.


14

(OUR COUNTRY) or a place that is part of

(OUR COUNTRY) today

Another country that is today a

member of the EU

Another country outside Europe

EU27 93% 4% 3%

BE 89% 5% 2%

BG 100% 0% 0%

CZ 98% 2% 0%

DK 94% 3% 1%

DE 87% 7% 3%

EE 94% 1% 3%

IE 89% 10% 0%

EL 94% 3% 2%

ES 88% 5% 1%

FR 95% 2% 0%

IT 97% 2% 1%

CY 93% 4% 0%

LV 94% 1% 4%

LT 96% 1% 2%

LU 65% 31% 2%

HU 99% 1% 0%

MT 97% 2% 0%

NL 93% 2% 0%

AT 91% 6% 2%

PL 99% 1% 0%

PT 96% 1% 1%

RO 100% 0% 0%

SI 91% 1% 7%

SK 98% 2% 0%

FI 96% 1% 2%

SE 91% 5% 1%

UK 88% 5% 0%

You were born in

Highest percentage per country

Highest percentage per item

Lowest percentage per country

Lowest percentage per item

QB4 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.


15

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that some differences exist by age, education,

subjective urbanisation and occupation. Respondents in the 25-39 age category are more

likely to have been born abroad (10%) than those in the 15-24 group (6%) or the 40-54

(7%) and 55+ (5%) groups.

Those educated for longest, till age 20 or beyond, are more likely to have been born

abroad (10%) than those who finished school between 16 and 19 (7%) or at age 15 or

younger (6%). Inhabitants of large towns are more likely to have been born abroad

(11%) than those who live in a small or mid-sized town (6%) or a rural village (5%). As

to occupation, slightly higher percentages of respondents who were born abroad are

found among manual workers and the unemployed (each 10%).

(OUR COUNTRY) or a place that is

part of (OUR COUNTRY) today

Total"Abroad"

EU27 93% 7%

Age15-24 94% 6%25-39 90% 10%40-54 93% 7%55 + 95% 5%Education (End of)15- 94% 6%16-19 93% 7%20+ 90% 10%Still studying 94% 6%Subjective urbanisationRural village 95% 5%Small/mid size town 94% 6%Large town 89% 11%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 93% 7%Managers 94% 6%Other white collars 94% 6%Manual workers 90% 10%House persons 92% 8%Unemployed 90% 10%Retired 95% 5%Students 94% 6%

QB4.1 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.

You were born in…

*Total abroad is the sum of the following items: Another country that

is today a member of the EU; Another country in Europe, including

Turkey, but not a member of the EU; USA, Canada, Japan, Australia

or New Zealand; Another country outside Europe

In addition, it is interesting to identify those with a migrant background. For that purpose,

respondents were asked to indicate where their parents and grandparents were born.


16

1.1.2. Place of birth of respondents’ parents

Like the proportion of respondents born in another country, the proportion of

respondents of foreign origin through their parents is also small. About one in ten

respondents have at least one parent who was born in a country other than the

respondent’s country of residence. 5% of respondents’ had parents who were born in

another EU Member State5and 2% in a non-EU country in Europe, including Turkey

(these results apply to both fathers and mothers). In addition, 3% of respondents’

mothers and 4% of their fathers were born in a country outside Europe.

5 Meaning another country that is a Member of the EU today.


17



Another country that is

today a member of the

EU




Another country that is

today a member of the

EU


EU27 90% 5% 5% 89% 5% 6%

BE 85% 8% 2% 83% 9% 3%

BG 98% 1% 1% 99% 1% 0%

CZ 95% 5% 0% 95% 4% 0%

DK 92% 5% 1% 93% 4% 1%

DE 82% 10% 4% 81% 11% 4%

EE 85% 3% 7% 83% 4% 7%

IE 90% 9% 0% 90% 9% 0%

EL 89% 3% 6% 90% 3% 6%

ES 88% 5% 0% 88% 5% 0%

FR 87% 7% 1% 85% 8% 0%

IT 98% 1% 1% 98% 1% 1%

CY 94% 3% 1% 94% 3% 1%

LV 84% 4% 8% 82% 3% 9%

LT 92% 2% 3% 90% 2% 3%

LU 52% 43% 2% 56% 38% 3%

HU 97% 2% 1% 97% 3% 0%

MT 95% 3% 0% 97% 2% 0%

NL 92% 3% 0% 93% 2% 1%

AT 85% 10% 4% 85% 10% 3%

PL 98% 1% 1% 97% 1% 2%

PT 96% 1% 0% 96% 1% 0%

RO 99% 0% 1% 99% 0% 1%

SI 87% 2% 10% 85% 2% 11%

SK 96% 4% 0% 95% 4% 1%

FI 94% 1% 3% 94% 0% 4%

SE 87% 9% 2% 88% 7% 2%

UK 84% 6% 1% 84% 6% 1%


Lowest percentage per countryLowest percentage per item

Highest percentage per countryHighest percentage per item

Your father was born inYour mother was born in

Country-by-country analysis reveals that again Luxembourg stands out, with almost

half of respondents having a mother (48%) and/or father (44%) born in another country.

Other countries with relatively high numbers of respondents with at least one parent born

abroad are Germany (18% and 19% for mothers and fathers respectively), the United

Kingdom (16% each), Latvia (16% and 17%), Austria (15% each), Belgium (15% and

17%) and Estonia (15% and 16%).

Countries in which the fewest respondents have a parent born abroad are Romania (1%

both for mothers and fathers), Bulgaria (2% and 1% respectively), Italy (2% both),

Poland (2% and 3%) and Hungary (both 3%).


18



Total "Abroad"



Total "Abroad"

EU27 90% 10% 89% 11%

Age15-24 89% 11% 87% 13%25-39 87% 13% 87% 13%40-54 91% 9% 90% 10%55 + 92% 8% 92% 7%Education (End of)15- 92% 8% 91% 9%16-19 91% 9% 90% 9%20+ 87% 13% 86% 14%Still studying 89% 11% 88% 12%Subjective urbanisationRural village 93% 7% 93% 7%Small/mid size town 91% 9% 90% 10%Large town 85% 15% 83% 17%

Your mother was born in Your father was born in

QB4.2-3 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.

*Total abroad is the sum of the following items : Another country that is today a member of the EU;

Another country in Europe, including Turkey, but not a member of the EU; USA, Canada, Japan,

Australia or New Zealand; Another country outside Europe

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that age, education and subjective urbanisation

have an influence on the results. The 25-39 age cohort yields the highest proportions of

mothers and fathers (13% both) born abroad compared to the 8% and 7% for the oldest

respondents, aged 55 and over. Those who were educated up to or beyond age 20 are

more likely to have a mother (13%) or father (14%) born in another country than

respondents who had left school at 15 (8% for mothers and 9% for fathers). As for

urbanisation, those living in large towns are more likely to have foreign mothers (15%)

or fathers (17%) than rural dwellers (7% each for mothers and fathers).


19

1.1.3. Place of birth of respondents’ grandparents

12% of respondents have their grandfather on their father’s side that was born abroad.

The same proportion of Europeans have their grandfather on their mother’s side that was

born abroad. A closer look at the places of birth of both paternal and maternal

grandfathers shows that 7% were born in another EU Member State, 2% in a non-EU

country in Europe – including Turkey – and 3% outside Europe. Figures for maternal

grandmothers are identical. Paternal grandmothers, however, show a comparable but

slightly different pattern; compared to the three other grandparents (paternal

grandfather, maternal grandfather and maternal grandmother), fewer were born in

another EU Member State (6%) and more were born outside Europe (4%).

Country-by-country analysis reveals that the largest proportions of respondents with

all four grandparents born abroad are found in Luxembourg (39%), Slovenia (15%), the

United Kingdom (12%), Austria (11%), Belgium (11%), Germany (11%) and Latvia

(10%). The smallest proportions of interviewees with all four grandparents born abroad

are found in Romania, Bulgaria and Malta (all 1%), Italy, Portugal, Hungary and Finland

(all 2%).

For each of the four types of grandparent, we observe the same pattern: Luxembourg

stands out (around half for each grandparents).

In Luxembourg, the high frequency of foreign grandparents seems mainly to be the

result of immigration from France and Portugal6. In Austria and two of the Baltic States -

Latvia and Estonia - historical reasons may play a role: these countries experienced

border changes in the course of three generations. In Austria, the majority of

respondents’ ‘foreign’ grandparents were born in a current EU Member State, probably

Germany. In the two Baltic States, they were born in a non-EU European country,

probably Russia.

Socio-demographic analysis yielded a similar pattern for all four types of

grandparents by age, education and subjective urbanisation. The likelihood that a

respondent has a grandparent born abroad is higher if the respondent is younger (14%

to 16% of those aged 15-24 compared to 9% of those aged 55+), more highly educated

(15% of those who studied until the age of 20 or beyond compared to 9-10% of those

who left school at 15 or before), and lives in a larger town (18% of those who inhabit a

large town compared to 9% of those who live in a rural village – figures are for all four

grandparents).

6 In our survey, 12% of the respondents interviewed in Luxembourg have Luxembourg citizenship, 7% French citizenship (Q1). See also: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-08-098/EN/KS-SF-08-098-EN.PDF.


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Another country that is today a member of

the EU





the EU





the EU





the EU


EU27 87% 7% 5% 86% 7% 5% 86% 6% 6% 86% 7% 5%

BE 82% 10% 8% 82% 10% 8% 81% 10% 8% 81% 9% 9%

BG 97% 1% 1% 97% 2% 1% 97% 2% 1% 97% 2% 1%

CZ 90% 8% 0% 91% 7% 0% 89% 7% 0% 89% 7% 1%

DK 88% 8% 3% 89% 7% 3% 88% 7% 3% 89% 6% 3%

DE 79% 12% 7% 78% 12% 8% 77% 12% 8% 76% 12% 8%

EE 81% 4% 13% 79% 4% 13% 75% 6% 14% 75% 5% 14%

IE 90% 9% 1% 90% 9% 1% 90% 8% 2% 90% 9% 1%

EL 83% 3% 13% 83% 3% 13% 83% 3% 13% 83% 2% 14%

ES 89% 5% 6% 89% 5% 6% 88% 5% 7% 89% 5% 6%

FR 80% 11% 7% 79% 12% 6% 78% 12% 6% 78% 12% 6%

IT 98% 1% 1% 97% 1% 2% 98% 1% 1% 98% 1% 1%

CY 94% 3% 3% 95% 3% 2% 94% 3% 3% 94% 3% 3%

LV 74% 6% 15% 75% 5% 14% 71% 4% 16% 68% 5% 16%

LT 89% 2% 7% 89% 2% 7% 87% 3% 7% 87% 3% 7%

LU 46% 47% 5% 45% 48% 5% 48% 44% 6% 49% 43% 6%

HU 94% 4% 1% 94% 4% 1% 94% 4% 1% 93% 5% 1%

MT 95% 4% 1% 95% 4% 1% 96% 4% 0% 96% 3% 0%

NL 89% 5% 6% 91% 4% 4% 90% 5% 4% 91% 4% 4%

AT 77% 14% 5% 75% 15% 5% 76% 13% 5% 74% 14% 6%

PL 93% 2% 3% 92% 2% 2% 92% 2% 3% 92% 2% 2%

PT 96% 1% 3% 96% 1% 3% 96% 1% 2% 97% 1% 2%

RO 98% 1% 1% 98% 1% 1% 98% 1% 1% 98% 0% 1%

SI 85% 3% 11% 83% 4% 12% 84% 3% 12% 84% 3% 12%

SK 93% 6% 0% 93% 6% 0% 93% 5% 0% 92% 5% 1%

FI 91% 1% 8% 90% 1% 8% 92% 1% 6% 91% 1% 7%

SE 84% 11% 5% 83% 12% 4% 84% 10% 5% 84% 9% 6%

UK 79% 8% 11% 79% 8% 10% 79% 7% 10% 80% 7% 10%

Highest percentage per country Lowest percentage per countryHighest percentage per item Lowest percentage per item

Your grandfather on your mother’s side was born in

Your grandmother on your father’s side was born in

Your grandfather on your father’s side was born in

Your grandmother on your mother’s side was born in



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1.1.4. Citizenship of respondents’ grandparents

To have a clearer picture of respondents’ ancestry, interviewees were asked about the

citizenship of their grandparents7. This was asked to provide more certainty about the

origin of respondents’ families. It is possible that grandparents who were born in the

respondent’s country of residence may have held different citizenship at birth.

A large majority (79%) of those surveyed have four grandparents who were all born

citizens of the respondent’s country of residence. Twelve percent of respondents say that

not all their four grandparents were born with that citizenship. 4% have three such

grandparents, 6% have two such grandparents and 2% have just one such grandparent.

In total, 29% of Europeans have at least one grandparent who was born a citizen of a

country other than the respondent’s country of residence.

A comparison of grandparents born in respondent’s country of residence with the

grandparents born as citizen from the respondent’s country of residence shows that there

are only small differences between those who are ‘foreign by citizenship at birth’ and

those who are ‘foreign by place of birth’.

7 QB5 Could you please tell me how many of your 4 grandparents were born as a citizen of (OUR COUNTRY)?


22

QB5 Grandparents who were born as citizens from the

country of residence of the respondent

QB4 Grandparents who were born in the country of residence of the respondent

4 grandparents 79% 80%



1 grandparent 2% 1%

None 7% 8%

NSP 2% 3%

I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.

Further analysis confirms the strong relationship between the percentage of grandparents

being ‘foreign by citizenship at birth’ and the percentage of grandparents being ‘foreign

by place of birth’. Most (79%) of the respondents with all four grandparents born in

another country also have all four grandparents who were ‘foreign by citizenship at birth’

and almost all (95%) of the respondents with no grandparents born abroad also have no

grandparents who were ‘foreign by citizenship at birth’.

Country-by-country analysis shows that the largest numbers of respondents with at

least one grandparent born with citizenship other than that of the respondent’s country

of residence are found in Luxembourg (61%), Latvia (40%), Austria (32%), Estonia

(31%) and France (28%). In other words, these are the countries with most interviewees

who have a migrant background. The lowest numbers were found in Italy (5%), Romania

(6%), Hungary (8%), Malta (9%) and Cyprus (10%).


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Socio-demographic analysis reveals that there are slight differences depending on the

age and the level of education of the respondents. The likelihood that all four of a

respondent’s grandparents are nationals of the respondent’s country of residence

increases with age (e.g. 74% of those aged 15-24 compared to 83% of the 55+ group).

Less educated respondents are slightly more likely than those with higher education to

have four grandparents who are nationals of their country of residence: a large majority

(84%) of those who left school by age of 15 compared with 78% of those who ended

education between the age of 16 and 19 and 77% of those who studied until 20 or

beyond.

Furthermore, 60% of 'New Europeans by openness' have four grandparents with the

nationality of the respondent’s country of residence. A much higher proportion - 84% - of

those who are 'not open to other countries' have grandparents who all hold this

citizenship. Therefore, openness might in part be the result of ancestry.


24

Less than 4 grandparents 4 grandparents DK

EU27 19% 79% 2%

Age15-24 24% 74% 2%25-39 22% 77% 1%40-54 19% 79% 2%55 + 15% 83% 2%Education (End of)15- 14% 84% 2%16-19 20% 78% 2%20+ 22% 77% 1%Still studying 25% 74% 1%Openness to other countriesYes 39% 60% 1%No, none 14% 84% 2%

QB5 Could you please tell me how many of your 4 grandparents were born as a citizen of (OUR COUNTRY)?

*Less than 4 grandparents is the sum of the following items : None; 1 grandparent; 2 grandparents;

3 grandparents.

1.2. Personal links with other countries

The previous section dealt with respondents’ origin by birth, descent and ancestry as the

first and most obvious type of connectedness respondents may have to other countries:

connection as a given fact in respondents’ life. Conversely, this and the following sections

will consider other types of cross-border connection, those that are based on

respondents’ own choices. Respondents’ personal experiences abroad and their socio-

cultural interest in other countries will be covered in more detail in the following sections.

First, this section starts with discussing connection through respondents’ close

relationships.

Connections to other countries can be studied by considering respondents’ close personal

relationships with people – family and friends – who live or come from abroad. To get a

picture of these relationships, respondents were asked about their close friends, close

relatives and partners8.

8 QB6 For each of the next statements please tell me if it applies to you or not.

QB6.1 You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY). QB6.2 You have close friends who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY). QB6.3 You have close friends in (OUR COUNTRY) who have moved here from abroad. QB6.4 You live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship than your own.


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A substantial proportion of respondents have at least one of four types of ‘foreign’

personal relationships as defined by this question. Having close friends living in another

country is the most common of these (40% of respondents), followed by having close

friends who moved from abroad to the country where the respondent lives (29%). In

addition, more than one-quarter (27%) of those surveyed have close relatives (brothers,

sisters, children, parents) who live in another country. Living with a partner of a different

nationality is mentioned by a smaller proportion of respondents (8%) than the other

three types of close personal relationship with people who live or come from abroad.

Country-by-country analysis shows the following general pattern: Luxembourg – a

country with a large proportion of respondents of foreign descent – stands out for all four

types of personal relationship, with respondents having close friends living abroad (72%),

or who came from abroad (69%), close relatives living abroad (60%) or a partner with a

different nationality (32%). Ireland has also a high percentage of respondents with close

relationships abroad, i.e. friends (68%) and/or relatives (59%), and also a large

percentage of respondents with friends who came from abroad (42%). Sweden is also

noticeable in this respect, with large numbers of respondents having close friends abroad

(56%) or having close relationships with ‘foreigners’ within their own country, i.e. friends

who came from abroad (57%) and/or who live(d) with a partner of a different nationality

(17%). The Baltic States stand out for the large numbers of respondents with close

friends and close relatives who live abroad: Lithuania (59% and 47% respectively),

Latvia (61% and 43%) and Estonia (53% and 35%). The Mediterranean islands show the

same pattern: Malta (53% and 66% respectively) and Cyprus (57% and 55%).


26

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

EU27 40% 60% 29% 71% 27% 73% 8% 92%

BE 42% 58% 33% 67% 26% 74% 13% 87%

BG 51% 49% 10% 90% 29% 71% 1% 99%

CZ 33% 66% 18% 81% 15% 84% 3% 97%

DK 45% 55% 42% 58% 26% 74% 7% 93%

DE 38% 62% 37% 63% 28% 72% 11% 89%

EE 53% 46% 18% 82% 37% 62% 12% 87%

IE 68% 32% 42% 57% 59% 41% 11% 88%

EL 34% 66% 25% 75% 29% 71% 4% 95%

ES 37% 63% 41% 59% 27% 73% 13% 87%

FR 38% 62% 34% 66% 22% 78% 13% 87%

IT 23% 77% 17% 83% 12% 88% 4% 96%

CY 57% 43% 39% 61% 55% 45% 10% 90%

LV 61% 39% 17% 83% 43% 57% 11% 87%

LT 59% 41% 15% 85% 47% 53% 4% 95%

LU 72% 28% 69% 31% 60% 40% 32% 66%

HU 25% 75% 17% 83% 17% 83% 3% 96%

MT 53% 47% 32% 68% 66% 34% 7% 92%

NL 51% 49% 37% 63% 27% 73% 9% 91%

AT 39% 61% 39% 60% 25% 74% 10% 89%

PL 49% 51% 11% 89% 33% 67% 2% 98%

PT 49% 50% 29% 70% 45% 55% 5% 95%

RO 43% 56% 14% 85% 36% 63% 4% 95%

SI 50% 50% 42% 58% 38% 62% 6% 94%

SK 52% 48% 22% 77% 32% 68% 3% 97%

FI 43% 57% 27% 73% 31% 69% 5% 95%

SE 56% 44% 57% 42% 29% 71% 17% 83%

UK 45% 55% 33% 67% 37% 63% 8% 91%

You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in another

country than (OUR COUNTRY)

You have close friends who live in another country than (OUR

COUNTRY)

You have close friends in (OUR COUNTRY) who have moved

here from abroad

You live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship

than your own

QB6 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not.


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Socio-demographic analysis reveals the following general pattern. Age, education and

subjective urbanisation and occupation appear to affect respondents’ personal links with

other countries: friends who live abroad, friends who came from abroad, close relatives

abroad and a partner of a different citizenship.

Gender is relevant only with respect to friends: slightly more men than women have

friends abroad or who came from abroad. Age is important as respondents aged 25-39

more frequently have friends who live or came from abroad or a partner of a different

citizenship than the younger respondents aged 15-24 and the older age cohorts of 40-54

and of 55+. There is little variation in the percentages of respondents having close

relatives abroad in different age groups. Education is significant with respect to all four

types of personal links: the longer their education, the more likely respondents are to

have each of the four personal relationship types. Urbanisation also varies significantly

with all four types of personal link, with those who live in cities tending to have personal

relationships more often than those who live in small towns and villages. Occupation is

relevant, with managers reportedly far more often having friends who live or came from

abroad or a partner of a different nationality. There is no apparent relationship between

occupation and having close relatives abroad.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' far more

frequently have at least one of the personal relationships with others abroad or from

abroad than respondents who are not of foreign descent. Similarly, 'New Europeans by

openness' significantly more often have close friends and close relatives living in other

countries or friends who came from abroad.

As discussed in the introduction of this report, the two groups of 'New Europeans' (by

ancestry and by openness) partly overlap. A respondent with ancestral roots in another

country may, for example, also have property in that other country, or may have studied

there. A comparison between the non-overlapping groups (i.e. 'New Europeans by

ancestry alone', 'New Europeans by openness alone' and 'Old Europeans') reveals a clear

trend. 'New Europeans by openness alone' have the highest percentage of personal

relationships, followed by 'New Europeans by ancestry alone'. Having close relatives

abroad, unsurprisingly, is reported slightly more often by 'New Europeans by ancestry

alone'.


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1.2.1. Close friends living abroad

Four out of every ten Europeans have a close friend abroad: it is the most widespread

type of personal link with other countries.

Country-by-country analysis shows some differences in this respect. The countries

with outstanding numbers of respondents with close friends abroad are again

Luxembourg (72%) and Ireland (68%). They are followed by the countries where more

than half of the interviewees have close friends abroad: Latvia (61%), Lithuania (59%),

Cyprus (57%), Sweden (56%), Estonia and Malta (both 53%), Slovakia (52%), Bulgaria

and the Netherlands (51% each). The countries with the smallest number of reported

close friendships abroad are Italy (23%) and Hungary (25%)

Socio-demographic analysis reveals several differences, not least in terms of

education, where the best-educated report foreign friendships far more frequently than

those with lower levels of education; 57% of those who stayed in full-time education until

the age of 20 have close friends abroad compared to 25% of those who left school at 15.

Age is significant as younger age cohorts report foreign friendships far more frequently

than older Europeans: 48% of those aged 25-39 compared to 32% of those aged 55+.

Occupation appears significant as managers (57%) are the most likely to have foreign

friendships and those who are retired (30%) the least. Subjective urbanisation is of

importance, with those who live in a city (47%) more likely to have close friends abroad

than those who live in a small town (36%) or in a village (38%). Finally, the gender has

a limited impact with slightly more men (41%) than women (38%) having close friends

abroad.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by openness' far more

frequently (75%) have close friends living in another country than those 'not open to

other countries' (31%). Remarkably, 'New Europeans by ancestry' less often have close

friends abroad (65%), but still far more often than those 'without foreign descent' (34%).

Analysis of the non-overlapping groups shows that 'New Europeans by openness alone'

(67%) are the most likely to have close friends who live abroad, significantly more even

than 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (45%) and far more than 'Old Europeans' (28%).


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1.2.2. Friends who come from abroad

Of all European interviewees, 29% are close friends with a person who lives in the same

country as the interviewee, but who moved there from another country.

Country-by-country analysis reveals that Luxembourg (69%) and Sweden (57%)

have the largest proportion of respondents with friends from abroad, followed at some

distance by Denmark, Ireland and Slovenia (all 42%). The countries with the lowest

percentage of respondents with foreign friends are Bulgaria (10%), Poland (11%),

Romania (14%) and Lithuania (15%).

Socio-demographic analysis shows several significant differences. Education appears

to be of great relevance as the longer respondents are educated, the more likely it is that

they have friends who moved from abroad. Indeed, 41% of those who studied until they

were 20 have such foreign friends, against 19% of those who left school at 15. A strong

difference is also noted for age for the younger cohorts, 15-24 and 25-39 (36% each),

which are more likely to have a foreign friend than respondents aged 40-54 (31%) or

those aged 55+ (20%). Turning to occupation, managers (39%) and students (41%)

report having friends who moved from abroad far more frequently than those who are

retired (18%).

Yes NoEU27 29% 71%

SexMale 31% 69%Female 27% 73%Education (End of)15- 19% 81%16-19 25% 75%20+ 41% 59%Still studying 41% 59%Subjective urbanisationRural village 25% 75%Small/mid size town 27% 73%Large town 38% 62%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 56% 44%No, none 23% 77%Openness to other countriesYes 59% 41%No, none 21% 79%

QB6.3 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not.

You have close friends in (OUR COUNTRY) who have moved here from abroad


30

Subjective urbanisation is of significance, respondents living in cities (38%) more often

have foreign friends than those living in a small or middle sized town (25%) or rural

dwellers (27%). Gender is important as more men (31%) than women (27%) have

foreign friends.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' reveals that 'New Europeans by openness' far more

frequently (59%) have close friends who moved from another country than those 'not

open to other countries' (21%). Accordingly, 'New Europeans by ancestry' report having

close friends who came from abroad (56%) more often than those 'without foreign

descent' (23%). When comparing only the non-overlapping groups, 'New Europeans by

openness alone' more often have friends who came from abroad (47%) than 'New

Europeans by ancestry alone' (37%). 'Old Europeans' are the least likely to have friends

abroad (19%).

1.2.3. Close relatives living abroad

Respondents were also asked if they have close family relationships, i.e. brothers, sisters,

children or parents, living in another country. As noticed above, more than one in four

European interviewees have at least one close relative living abroad (see section 1.1).

Country-by-country analysis shows that the following countries have the highest

numbers of respondents with close relatives living abroad: Malta (66%), Luxembourg

(60%), Ireland (59%), Cyprus (55%), Lithuania (47%) and Portugal (45%). In contrast,

the countries with the lowest percentage of respondents who have close relatives living

abroad are Italy (12%), the Czech Republic (15%) and Hungary (17%), in other words

countries where only few respondents or their parents have roots abroad.

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that education and subjective urbanisation play a

role. Those who studied until 20 or longer (33%) have relatives living abroad more

frequently than those who finished their education between 16 and 19 (26%) or who left

school at 15 or younger (24%). Similarly, respondents living in a city (32%) are more

likely to have close relatives abroad than those living in a small or middle-sized town

(25%) or a village (26%).


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Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that more than half (53%) of the 'New Europeans

by openness' have close relatives living abroad, which is more than the percentage of

respondents 'not open to other countries' (21%). Here again, we see that openness

might be partly the result of ancestry. The same pattern is found for 'New Europeans by

ancestry' of whom more than half (57%) have close relatives living abroad compared to

21% of those 'without foreign descent'. Analysis of the non-overlapping groups reveals

that 'New Europeans by openness alone' (36%) and 'New Europeans by ancestry alone'

(38%) are both more likely to have close relatives who live abroad than 'Old Europeans'

(18%).

1.2.4. Partner of a different nationality

Mixed marriage or cohabitation can be seen as an important measure of openness to

another country. Almost one in ten respondents (8%) live or had lived with a partner of a

different nationality.

Country-by-country analysis reveals that Luxembourg (32%) stands out with the

largest number of respondents who live or have lived with a partner of a different

nationality than their own, followed some way behind by Sweden (17%), while the

smallest numbers are found in Bulgaria (1%), Poland (2%), Slovakia (3%), Hungary (3%)

and the Czech Republic (3%?).

Yes NoEU27 8% 92%

SexMale 9% 91%Female 8% 92%Education (End of)15- 6% 94%16-19 8% 92%20+ 14% 86%Still studying 5% 94%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 23% 76%No, none 5% 95%Has worked abroad Yes 28% 72% No 5% 94% Has studied abroad Yes 36% 63%No 6% 94%


You live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship than your own


32

Socio-demographic analysis shows the influence of age and education on this

dimension. Respondents aged 25-39 (13%) live or have lived with a partner of a different

citizenship most frequently, compared with the younger respondents 15-24 (6%) and

also the older respondents, those aged 40-54 (9%) and those aged 55+ (5%).

Interviewees who finished education at the age of 20 or later (14%) more frequently

have a partner of a different nationality than those who finished their education between

the age of 16 and 19 (8%) or those who left school at the age of 15 (6%).

Further analysis reveals that there is a connection between having a foreign partner and

other characteristics of openness to other countries: 28% of those who have worked

abroad and 36% of those who have studied abroad have a partner of a different

nationality.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' more often live

or have lived with a partner of a different nationality than their own than those 'without

foreign descent' (41% compared to 8%). 'New Europeans by openness' are not analysed

in this respect since their group is defined – partly – by having a partner of a different

citizenship.

In short, one in four Europeans have close relatives living abroad, more than one in four

have close friends who came from another country, and one in twelve have or had a

partner of a different citizenship.


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1.3. Personal experiences in other countries

The connectedness respondents may have with other countries could be due to past

experiences of living in those countries, for work and education, because they own

property there or for other reasons9. The vast majority of respondents, between 87%

and 96%, have not had such experiences abroad, at least not for a period longer than

three consecutive months. However, a minority of respondents have lived in another

country for work (13%), education (8%) or some other reason (10%). In addition, 3%

own real property abroad.

Country-by-country analysis of personal experiences abroad reveals the following

pattern. Luxembourg records the largest percentages for all four items: 27% of

respondents have spent at least three consecutive months abroad for work, 46% for

study and 34% for some other reason; 13% own property in another country. It is

followed at some distance by Ireland (27%, 15%, 18% and 4 % respectively) and

Sweden (23%, 16%, 20% and 2% respectively).

9 QB6 For each of the next statements please tell me if it applies to you or not. QB6.6 You have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) QB6.7 You have attended school or studied for at least half an academic year in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) QB6.8 You have lived for reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) QB6.9 You own real property/ properties in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) (not timesharing)


34


EU27 13% 87% 8% 92% 10% 90% 3% 96%

BE 11% 89% 9% 91% 12% 88% 5% 95%

BG 10% 90% 2% 98% 3% 97% 1% 99%

CZ 6% 94% 3% 97% 3% 97% 1% 99%

DK 22% 78% 12% 88% 17% 83% 3% 97%

DE 13% 87% 8% 92% 11% 89% 4% 95%

EE 12% 88% 7% 93% 11% 89% 2% 98%

IE 27% 73% 15% 85% 18% 82% 4% 96%

EL 12% 88% 9% 91% 9% 91% 3% 97%

ES 15% 85% 14% 86% 17% 83% 7% 92%

FR 13% 87% 7% 93% 12% 88% 4% 96%

IT 7% 93% 4% 96% 5% 95% 2% 98%

CY 17% 83% 21% 79% 15% 85% 5% 95%

LV 11% 89% 3% 97% 9% 91% 1% 99%

LT 14% 86% 3% 97% 7% 93% 1% 99%

LU 27% 73% 46% 54% 34% 66% 13% 84%

HU 9% 91% 3% 97% 4% 96% 1% 99%

MT 11% 88% 6% 94% 10% 90% 1% 99%

NL 18% 82% 12% 88% 15% 85% 4% 96%

AT 17% 83% 8% 91% 11% 88% 5% 94%

PL 10% 90% 2% 98% 4% 96% 1% 99%

PT 13% 87% 5% 95% 7% 93% 2% 98%

RO 8% 91% 1% 98% 5% 95% 0% 99%

SI 11% 89% 9% 91% 10% 90% 6% 94%

SK 15% 85% 3% 97% 5% 95% 1% 99%

FI 14% 86% 10% 90% 13% 87% 2% 98%

SE 23% 77% 16% 84% 20% 80% 2% 98%

UK 16% 84% 13% 87% 15% 85% 5% 94%

You have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) for at least three consecutive

months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

You have attended school or studied for at least half an academic year in another


You have lived for reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR

COUNTRY)

You own real property/ properties in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) (not

timesharing)

QB6 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not.


35

Socio-demographic analysis reveals the following general pattern regarding the

influence of age, education and urbanisation on three of these four items: working,

studying or staying for other reasons. Property ownership did not correlate with socio-

demographic characteristics.

Gender is of influence only with respect to work: more men than women have worked in

another country. Age is of influence in that the 25-39 age cohort reports higher

percentages of all experiences (excluding property ownership) than younger respondents

aged 15-24 and the older age groups (40-54 and of 55+). Education is highly significant

in this respect. Those who were educated until age 20 or later are more likely to have

had one of these personal experiences abroad (excluding property ownership) than those

with less education. Urbanisation carries some influence since interviewees who live in

large towns are more likely to have had personal experiences abroad (excluding property

ownership) than those who live in smaller towns or rural villages.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' tend to have

more personal experiences abroad, including property ownership, than those 'without

foreign descent'


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1.3.1. Work experience

Country-by-country analysis shows that working abroad – including volunteering and

traineeships – for at least a period of three months was mentioned by more than a

quarter of the respondents in Ireland and in Luxembourg (each 27%), and somewhat

less, but still by a considerable number, in Sweden (23%) and Denmark (22%).

Countries where the fewest respondents had work experience abroad are the Czech

Republic (6%), Italy (7%), Romania (8%) and Hungary (9%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that gender, age, education, occupation and

urbanisation all have an impact. Men (16%) are more likely than women (10%) to have

worked in another country. Respondents aged 25-39 (17%) are far more likely to have

work experience abroad than those in the 15-24 age group (6%) or older respondents

aged 40-54 (14%) and 55+ (11%).

Yes NoEU27 13% 87%

Age15-24 6% 94%25-39 17% 83%40-54 14% 86%55 + 11% 89%SexMale 16% 84%Female 10% 90%Education (End of)15- 9% 91%16-19 11% 89%20+ 22% 78%Still studying 6% 94%Subjective urbanisationRural village 11% 89%Small/mid size town 11% 89%Large town 17% 83%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 29% 71%No, none 9% 91%


You have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) for at least three consecutive months in another country

than (OUR COUNTRY)

Respondents who were educated till the age of 20 or later (22%) are by far the most

likely to have work experience abroad, much more likely than those who finished school

between the ages of 16 and 19 (11%) or who left school at age 15 or earlier (9%).

Occupation is also relevant: managers (21%) and the self-employed (18%) are more

likely to have worked in another country than other white collar workers (11%).


37

Urbanisation has some slight influence; inhabitants of large towns (17%) are more likely

to have worked abroad than those living in smaller towns or rural villages (both 11%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are more likely to

have worked abroad than those 'without foreign descent' (29% compared to 9%).

1.3.2. Study experience

Country-by-country analysis reveals that Luxembourg (46%) is the country with by

far the largest proportion of respondents who have lived abroad for educational reasons,

i.e. to study for at least half an academic year abroad. It is followed by Cyprus (21%),

then at some distance by Sweden (16%), Ireland (15%), Spain (14%), the United

Kingdom (13%), Denmark and the Netherlands (both 12%), and Finland (10%). In

contrast, the lowest percentages are found in Romania (1%), Poland (2%), Bulgaria

(2%), Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, and the Czech Republic (all 3%).

Socio-demographic analysis shows the same pattern with respect to age, education

and subjective urbanisation for educational experience abroad as for work experience.

Those aged 25-39 (12%) are more likely to have studied abroad than younger

respondents aged 15-24 (7%) or older respondents aged 40-54 (7%) and 55+ (5%).

Those who were educated until age 20 or later (16%) are much more likely to have

studied abroad than those who finished school between the age of 16 and 19 (4%) or

whose education ended at age 15 or earlier (6%). Urbanisation has an impact, as

inhabitants of large towns (12%) far more frequently have study experience abroad than

those who live in a smaller towns or rural village (both 6%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are more likely to

have studied abroad than those 'without foreign descent' (29% compared to 3%).


38

Yes No

EU27 8% 92%

Age15-24 7% 93%25-39 12% 88%40-54 7% 93%55 + 5% 95%Education (End of)15- 4% 96%16-19 6% 94%20+ 16% 84%Still studying 7% 93%Subjective urbanisationRural village 6% 94%Small/mid size town 6% 94%Large town 12% 88%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 29% 71%No, none 3% 97%


You have attended school or studied for at least half an academic year in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1.3.3. Other reasons for temporarily living abroad

Country-by-country analysis shows that respondents who had lived abroad for

reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months are most

numerous in Luxembourg (34%), followed at a distance by Sweden (20%) and Ireland

(18%). The lowest percentages of respondents who had lived abroad for some other

reason are recorded in the Czech Republic, Bulgaria (3% each), Poland, Hungary (4%),

Slovakia, Romania and Italy (5%).

Socio-demographic analysis shows that age and education are relevant. Respondents

aged 25-39 (14%) say that they have lived abroad for reasons other than study or work

more frequently than younger interviewees aged 15-24 (8%), or older respondents aged

40-54 (11%) and 55+ (9%). Respondents who were educated until age 20 or later (18%)

are much more likely to have lived abroad at some time in the past for reasons other

than study or work than those who finished school between the ages of 16 and 19 (9%)

or who left school at age 15 or earlier (7%).


39

Yes NoEU27 10% 90%

Age15-24 8% 92%25-39 14% 86%40-54 11% 89%55 + 9% 91%Education (End of)15- 7% 93%16-19 9% 91%20+ 18% 82%Still studying 8% 92%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 34% 66%No, none 6% 94%Openness to other countriesYes 43% 57%No, none 2% 98%Links with other countriesNone 2% 98%Ancestry only 6% 94%Openness only 29% 71%


You have lived for reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months in another country than

(OUR COUNTRY)

Analysis of 'New Europeans' reveals, unsurprisingly, that 'New Europeans by ancestry'

are more likely to have lived in another country for reasons other than work or study

than those 'without foreign descent' (34% compared to 6%). Another striking result is

that 'New Europeans by openness' are far more likely to have lived in another country for

reasons other than study or work than those 'not open to other countries' (43%

compared to 2%).

When comparing only the non-overlapping groups, the analysis yields the following

percentages: 'New Europeans by openness alone', 29%; 'New Europeans by ancestry

alone', 6%; and 'Old Europeans' 2%.

1.3.4. Owning real property

Country-by-country analysis shows that having a personal link to another country

through property ownership (not timesharing) is reported mostly in Luxembourg (13%),

followed by Spain (7%) and Slovenia (6%). Owners of property abroad are found the

least frequently in Romania (0%), Slovakia, Poland, Malta, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia,

the Czech Republic and Bulgaria (all 1%).

Socio-demographic analysis did not reveal any significant differences with respect to

owning property abroad.

'New Europeans by ancestry', unsurprisingly, are more likely to have real property in

another country than those 'without foreign descent' (13% compared to 1%).


40

To conclude, one in ten Europeans appear to have personal experience of another

country as a result of having stayed there for at least three consecutive months for work,

education or other reasons. This is a much smaller proportion than the one in four

Europeans who have connections with other countries through personal relationships,

which requires rather less purposeful effort on the part of respondents.

1.4. Socio-cultural links with other countries

The connections that people feel with countries other than that in which they live may be

related to socio-cultural links they have with that country. This can take various forms,

such as a preference for foreign cuisine, interest in news, cultural life or sports of another

country, spending leisure time abroad or having foreign language skills. In this section,

respondents were asked to indicate whether they had such links with other countries10.

More than one-third of the respondents regularly eat food at home which is typical of another

country (36%), regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country (34%) or

fluently speak at least one other language than that of the country where they live (34%).

Slightly more than one in five respondents (22%) regularly spend holidays or weekends in

one particular country other than where he or she lives.

10 QB6 For each of the next statements please tell me if it applies to you or not.

QB6.5 You are fluent in at least one other language than (INTERVIEW LANGUAGE) QB6.10You regularly spend your holidays/weekends in one particular country other than (OUR COUNTRY) QB6.11 You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than (OUR COUNTRY) QB6.12 You regularly eat food at home that is typical of another country than (OUR COUNTRY)


41


EU27 36% 63% 34% 65% 34% 66% 22% 78%

BE 55% 45% 55% 45% 55% 45% 48% 52%

BG 5% 94% 24% 76% 38% 61% 1% 99%

CZ 28% 71% 29% 71% 33% 67% 16% 84%

DK 61% 38% 51% 49% 77% 23% 39% 61%

DE 45% 54% 39% 61% 45% 55% 38% 62%

EE 17% 81% 42% 57% 72% 28% 9% 91%

IE 52% 48% 53% 47% 18% 82% 29% 71%

EL 14% 86% 27% 73% 35% 65% 4% 96%

ES 28% 72% 36% 64% 34% 66% 13% 86%

FR 51% 49% 39% 61% 29% 71% 22% 78%

IT 8% 92% 21% 78% 18% 82% 10% 90%

CY 24% 76% 59% 41% 48% 52% 9% 91%

LV 23% 75% 49% 51% 87% 13% 4% 96%

LT 13% 86% 37% 63% 76% 24% 8% 92%

LU 80% 20% 84% 16% 96% 4% 78% 22%

HU 25% 75% 43% 56% 19% 81% 3% 97%

MT 42% 58% 81% 19% 86% 14% 20% 80%

NL 81% 19% 68% 32% 76% 24% 51% 49%

AT 39% 60% 36% 64% 41% 59% 43% 56%

PL 12% 86% 17% 82% 24% 75% 4% 95%

PT 24% 75% 38% 62% 30% 70% 6% 94%

RO 16% 81% 20% 79% 26% 73% 5% 94%

SI 26% 73% 36% 64% 65% 35% 45% 55%

SK 31% 68% 42% 58% 48% 52% 22% 78%

FI 28% 71% 25% 75% 59% 41% 13% 87%

SE 50% 49% 42% 58% 70% 30% 26% 74%

UK 66% 34% 35% 65% 20% 80% 33% 67%

You regularly spend your holidays/weekends in one

particular country other than (OUR COUNTRY)

You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than (OUR

COUNTRY)

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of another



You are fluent in at least one other language than

(INTERVIEW LANGUAGE)


42

Country-by-country analysis shows the following general pattern. Luxembourg and to

a lesser extent the Netherlands stand out for all four types of socio-cultural links with

other countries; they have among the largest numbers of interviewees who are fluent in

at least one other language than the language of the interview (96% and 76%

respectively), or who regularly eat food at home that is typical of another country (80%

and 81%), follow news, cultural life or sports from another country (84% and 68%), or

spend their holidays or weekends in one particular country other than their country of

residence (78% and 51%).

Other countries with high percentages of respondents with socio-cultural links to other

countries – though not in all four categories – are Malta for speaking another language

(86%) and following news, cultural life or sports from another country (81%), and

Denmark for speaking another language (77%) and interest in the national cuisine of

other countries (61%).

Furthermore, the Baltic States – Latvia (87%), Lithuania (76%) and Estonia (72%) –

stand out as all three of them rank highly in terms of the proportion of respondents

speaking another language.

Socio-demographic analysis reveals the following general pattern regarding the

influence of age, education, occupation, urbanisation and difficulties paying bills on all

four kinds of respondents’ socio-cultural links with other countries: food, information,

language and leisure time. Variations by gender only affect information and leisure time.

The general pattern outlined below will be explained in more detail in the following

sections which will address each socio-cultural link separately.

Gender differences only appear for information and leisure time, with men more likely

than women to regularly follow news, cultural events and sports of another country or

spend weekends or holidays in another country. Age is relevant as younger age cohorts

are more likely to have socio-cultural links to another country than the older age cohorts.

In particular the oldest respondents aged 55+ are less likely to have socio-cultural links

to other countries. Education is highly significant, with those who are more educated – i.e.

studied until the age of 20 or later – much more likely to have socio-cultural links with

other countries than those who are less educated, i.e. those who ended their education

between ages 16 to 19 and those who left school before the age of 16. Urbanisation

appears relevant as those living in large towns report socio-cultural links with other

countries more often than residents of smaller towns and villages. Occupation is relevant,

with managers clearly standing out as having the most frequent socio-cultural links with

other countries. Financial difficulties are relevant with those who almost never have

problems with paying their bills having noticeably more frequent socio-cultural links with

other countries than those who from time to time or most of the time have such

difficulties.


43

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of another country than

(OUR COUNTRY)

You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than (OUR

COUNTRY)

You are fluent in at least one other language than

(INTERVIEW LANGUAGE)

You regularly spend your holidays/weekends in one particular country

other than (OUR COUNTRY)

EU27 36% 34% 34% 22%

SexMale 36% 39% 24% 37%Female 33% 30% 20% 35%Age15-24 42% 35% 46% 21%25-39 45% 38% 43% 25%40-54 40% 36% 34% 24%55 + 25% 30% 23% 18%Education (End of)15- 21% 25% 15% 13%16-19 36% 32% 28% 21%20+ 50% 47% 57% 32%Still studying 44% 38% 56% 24%Subjective urbanisationRural village 34% 34% 31% 20%Small/mid size town 35% 32% 32% 21%Large town 42% 38% 43% 25%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 37% 36% 38% 24%Managers 54% 47% 56% 36%Other white collars 40% 37% 40% 27%Manual workers 42% 35% 31% 23%House persons 31% 26% 25% 16%Unemployed 35% 33% 31% 15%Retired 24% 30% 22% 17%Students 44% 38% 56% 24%Difficulties paying billsMost of the time 28% 26% 26% 12%From time to time 32% 30% 29% 14%Almost never 40% 38% 38% 27%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 62% 53% 62% 41%No, none 31% 31% 28% 18%Openness to other countriesYes 62% 58% 66% 42%No, none 30% 28% 26% 17%Links with other countriesNone 27% 27% 24% 15%Ancestry only 50% 37% 44% 29%Openness only 54% 51% 56% 34%

QB6 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. % answers Yes


44

Analysis of 'New Europeans' reveals that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are far more

likely to have at least one of the socio-cultural links with other countries than those

'without foreign descent'. Similarly, as one would expect, 'New Europeans by openness'

report far more frequent socio-cultural links to other countries than those 'not open to

other countries'. When comparing only the non-overlapping groups there is a clear trend

for all four socio-cultural links, showing that 'New Europeans by openness alone' have the

highest percentages of cultural links, followed by 'New Europeans by ancestry alone'.

1.4.1. Food

Country-by-country analysis shows that two countries stand out in reporting food as a

socio-cultural link to another country. The highest percentages of respondents who

regularly eat food at home that is typical of other countries than their country of

residence are found in the Netherlands (81%) and Luxembourg (80%), followed at some

distance by the United Kingdom (66%) and Denmark (61%). The lowest percentages of

respondents interested in other national cuisines are found in Bulgaria (5%) and Italy

(8%).

Socio-demographic analysis shows that age, education, occupation, urbanisation and

financial situation are relevant. Older interviewees are much less fond of foreign cuisine

than younger age cohorts: those aged 55+ (25%) report eating food typical of another

country at home much less often than those aged 40-54 years (40%), 25-39 years (45%)

and 15-24 years (42%).

As the level of education increases, respondents are more likely to eat foreign food at

home; one in two (50%) of those who studied until the age of 20 regularly have a foreign

meal at home compared to one in five (21%) of those who left school at 15 or earlier.

Regarding occupation, managers (54%) stand out for their fondness for foreign food,

with retired respondents (24%) at the other extreme. Turning to urbanisation,

interviewees who live in cities (42%) tend to have food that is typical of another country

more often than those who live in a smaller town (35%) or village (34%). Interviewees

who almost never have problems paying their bills (40%) eat foreign food at home

significantly more often than those who do have such problems from time to time (32%)

or most of the time (28%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are twice as

likely to eat food at home that is typical of another country than those 'without foreign

descent' (62% compared to 31%). The comparison between 'New Europeans by

openness' and those 'not open to other countries' shows the same pattern (62% against

30%).

Analysis of the non-overlapping groups reveals that 'New Europeans by openness alone'

(54%) and 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (50%) are both more likely to eat food

from another country at home than 'Old Europeans' (27%).


45

1.4.2. Follow news, cultural life and sports

Country-by-country analysis reveals that two countries stand out with a vast majority

of interviewees who regularly follow news, cultural life or sports of another country than

that in which they live: Luxembourg (84%) and Malta (81%) followed at some distance

by the Netherlands (68%) and Cyprus (59%). The lowest percentages of respondents

interested in news, cultural life or sports of another country are in Poland (17%),

Romania (20%) and Italy (21%).

Socio-demographic analysis shows that gender, age, education, occupation,

urbanisation and financial situation are all relevant.

Gender is highly significant as men (39%) are more likely to regularly follow news,

cultural life or sports from another country than women (30%). Older interviewees are

less interested in such information than the younger: those aged 55+ (30%) follow

foreign news, cultural life or sports less often than those aged 40-54 (36%), 25-39 (38%)

or 15-24 (35%).

The longer they were educated, the more likely respondents are to follow foreign news,

cultural life or sports: almost one in two (47%) of those who studied until they were 20

or later regularly do this, compared to one in four (25%) of those who left school by 15.

Turning to occupation, managers (47%) stand out for their interest foreign news, cultural

life or sports, compared to retired respondents (30%).

Furthermore, city-dwellers (38%) tend to follow foreign news, cultural life or sports more

often than those living in small towns (32%) or villages (34%). Interviewees who have

no difficulty paying their bills (38%) are more likely to be interested in information from

another country than those who are in bad financial situation most of the time (26%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that respondents 'New Europeans by ancestry' are

more likely to regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than

those 'without a foreign descent' (53% against 31%). Likewise with 'New Europeans by

openness' compared with those 'not open to other countries' (58% against 28%).

Analysis of the non-overlapping groups reveals, remarkably, that 'New Europeans by

openness alone' (51%) are more likely to regularly follow news, cultural life or sports of

another country than 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (37%). 'Old Europeans' show

the least interest in such information (27%).


46

1.4.3. Foreign language skills

One in three Europeans interviewed is fluent in at least one other language than the

language in which the interview took place. Having foreign language skills may be the

cause or the result of feeling connected to another country.

Country-by-country analysis reveals that in three countries almost all interviewees

speak at least one other language than the language of the interview: Luxembourg

(96%), Latvia (87%) and Malta (86%). Countries where somewhat fewer, but still a

substantial majority speak another language are Denmark (77%), Lithuania (76%), the

Netherlands (76%), Estonia (72%) and Sweden (70%). The countries with the lowest

numbers of respondents speaking foreign languages are Italy (18%), Ireland (18%) and

Hungary (19%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals a number of variations with age, education,

occupation, urbanisation and financial situation.

Younger respondents are more likely to speak another language: almost one in two (46%)

of those aged 15 or older, compared to almost one in four (23%) of those aged 55 or

older. As the level of education increases, respondents are more likely to speak another

language: 15% of those who left school at 15 compared to 57% of those who studied

until the age of 20. As to occupation, again managers stand out with 56% of them

speaking another language fluently.

Turning to subjective urbanisation, inhabitants of cities (43%) tend to speak another

language more often than rural dwellers (31%). Finally, citizens without financial

problems (38%) are more likely to speak another language than those who report

difficulties in paying bills most of the time (26%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are much more

likely to speak another language than those 'without a foreign descent' (62% compared

to 28%). This is even more so for 'New Europeans by openness' compared to those 'not

open to other countries' (66% compared to 26%). The analysis of the non-overlapping

groups reveals that 'New Europeans by openness alone' (56%) far more frequently speak

another language than 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (44%). As expected, 'Old

Europeans' are the least likely to speak another language (24%). Respondents were also

asked which languages other than their mother tongue they could speak well enough to

be able to hold a conversation11. The language which European respondents speak most

often - besides their mother tongue - is English. Almost one in three (31%) of the

interviewees (non native English speakers) can hold a conversation in English. Other

languages follow some way behind. Almost one in ten of European respondents can

speak German (9%) or French (8%) besides their mother tongue. Much rarer, but still

significant are Spanish (4%) and Russian (3%).

11 QB7a What is (are) your mother tongues(s)?

QB7b And what other language(s) do you speak well enough to be able to have a conversation?


47

1.4.4. Holidays and weekends

Country-by-country analysis reveals that respondents who regularly spend their

holidays or weekends in one particular country other than their country of residence are

most numerous in Luxembourg (78%), the Netherlands (51%), Belgium (48%), Slovenia

(45%) and Austria (43%).

Countries with the smallest proportions of respondents that spend leisure time abroad on

a regular basis are Bulgaria (1%), Hungary (3%), Poland, Latvia, Greece (all 4%),

Romania (5%), Portugal (6%), Lithuania (8%) and Cyprus (9%).

Socio-demographic analysis of leisure time shows significant variation by gender, age,

education, occupation, urbanisation and financial situation. The pattern is similar to that

observed in the other items of that section on socio-cultural links with other countries12.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'New Europeans by ancestry' are more likely

to spend holidays or weekends in another country than the country where they reside

than respondents 'without a foreign descent' (41% against 18%). There is a similar

picture for 'New Europeans by openness' compared with those 'not open to other

countries' (42% against 17%).

Analysis of non-overlapping groups shows that 'New Europeans by openness alone' (34%)

and to a lesser extent those 'by ancestry alone' (29%) are both more likely to spend

leisure time abroad than 'Old Europeans' (15%).

* * *

To summarize, the aim of this first part of the report was to evaluate to what extent and

in which ways Europeans are connected to countries other than their country of residence.

We saw that cross-border connections through personal relationships (close friends and

close relatives) are most widespread. Other types of connection (foreign descent,

personal experiences abroad and socio-cultural links with other countries) occur much

less often across the European Union.

Luxembourg stands out as having large proportions of respondents with all four types of

connection to other countries measured in this survey. Ireland and Sweden stand out in

terms of personal relationships and personal experience abroad and the Netherlands for

socio-cultural links with other countries.

Respondents in the 25-39 age group, those with the longest educations, and those who

live in large towns show the highest levels of cross-border connectedness of all four types.

In addition, the youngest group aged 15-24 show high proportions of socio-cultural links

to other countries and are more likely than average to have foreign grandparents.

12 1.4: Socio-cultural links with other countries. Page 39 of the report: . Food ; Follow news, cultural life and

sports; Foreign language skills


48

2. PLANS TO MOVE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY

While the previous chapter dealt with Europeans’ connectedness with other countries

through their personal relationships and their own experiences in other countries, this

chapter focuses more on how respondents are likely to behave in the future as regards

settling in another country.

2.1. Inclination to emigrate within ten years

The interviewees were asked to estimate how likely they are to settle in another country

within ten years. Economic reasons can be important, e.g. migration for access to better

labour markets. It may also be considered that respondents’ enthusiasm for moving to

another country shows their openness to other countries. For a large majority of

Europeans (86%) it is probably not be the case: ‘not at all likely’ (66%) or ‘not very

likely’ (20%). A minority of 11%, however, think that they are ‘fairly’ or ‘very likely’ to

move to another country.

Country-by-country analysis reveals that respondents in the following countries are

the most likely to move abroad: Latvia (34%), Lithuania (24%), Luxembourg (20%),

Ireland (18%), Denmark and Sweden (each 17%).


49

The countries with the highest proportions of respondents saying it is 'not at all likely'

they will move abroad are the Czech Republic (80%), Italy (76%), Cyprus (75%) and

Hungary (74%).

The Czech Republic, Italy and Hungary are also among the countries that have the lowest

percentages of interviewees with personal experiences in another country (e.g. work,

study) and the lowest number of close relatives living abroad, which may deter them

from moving abroad. Cyprus is an exception here, ranking among the highest in those

respects, and respondents’ unwillingness to leave their island appears to have other

reasons.


50

Socio-demographic analysis reveals differences related to age, education and

occupational situation. The younger the respondents are, the more likely they are to

move abroad. More than a quarter (27%) of the respondents aged 15-24 expect to move

to another country within 10 years, followed by 15% of those aged 25-39 and 9% of

those aged 40-54. Only 3% of the oldest respondents aged 55 and over expect they may

move to another country. Respondents who stayed in full-time education up to age 20 or

beyond are more likely to move to another country than those who left school between

16-19, or at 15 or earlier (14%, 9% and 4% respectively). Last but not least,

respondents’ occupational situation appears to be of importance: those who are

unemployed (17%) or still studying (30%) are more inclined to move abroad compared

to those who are employed or have retired.

Total 'Likely'

Total 'Not likely' DK

EU27 11% 86% 3%

Age15-24 27% 66% 7%25-39 15% 81% 4%40-54 9% 89% 2%55 + 3% 96% 1%Education (End of)15- 4% 95% 1%16-19 9% 89% 2%20+ 14% 84% 2%Still studying 30% 62% 8%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 10% 88% 2%Managers 13% 84% 3%Other white collars 9% 88% 3%Manual workers 13% 84% 3%House persons 7% 92% 1%Unemployed 17% 79% 4%Retired 2% 97% 1%Students 30% 62% 8%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 23% 73% 4%No, none 8% 90% 2%Openness to other countriesYes 24% 72% 4%No, none 8% 90% 2%Links with other countriesNone 6% 92% 2%Ancestry only 15% 83% 2%Openness only 19% 78% 3%

QB8 How likely do you think it is that you will move to another country within the next ten years, to live there?


51

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that almost one-quarter of the 'New Europeans by

openness' are likely to move to another country to live there (24% against 8% of those

'not open to other countries'), similarly with the 'New Europeans by ancestry' (23%

compared to 8% of those 'without foreign descent').

Comparing non-overlapping groups, 'New Europeans by openness alone' are slightly

more likely to move abroad (19%) than those 'by ancestry alone' (15%). Both groups

are more likely to move abroad than 'Old Europeans' (6%), which confirms that 'New

Europeans' are somewhat more open to a Europe without internal borders than 'Old

Europeans'.

2.2. Countries of preference

Those respondents who are likely to move abroad were asked to which country that

would be13. Half of them (50%) would expect to move to another EU Member State while

7% mentioned another country in Europe (outside the EU). For more than a third (36%)

of the respondents who are likely to move abroad, their preferred country lies outside

Europe: the United States of America, Canada, Japan, Australia or New Zealand (22%).

The standard of living in these countries could explain this preference. Finally, a

significant number expect to move to some other country outside Europe (14%).

The country-by-country analysis reveals some differences, but these should be

interpreted with caution because of the smaller sample sizes, since this question was only

put to those who expect to move to another country.

13 QB9 And if you were to move, where would it be to?


52

Another EU Member State is the favoured destination for interviewees in Romania (81%),

Greece (78%) and Lithuania (74%). A country in Europe that is not a EU Member State is

mentioned most often in Italy (18%), Slovenia (17%) and Finland (14%). The United

States of America, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand are the most popular for

respondents in the United Kingdom (37%) and Ireland (36%), maybe for language

reasons (except for Japan). Some other country outside Europe is favoured most in the

Netherlands (27%), Spain (22%) and France (21%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals some interesting differences on the basis of the

socio-demographic profile of the interviewee, gender and age in particular. However, as

pointed out above, these differences should be interpreted cautiously because of small

sample sizes.

Of those who expect to move abroad, the youngest are the most likely to choose these

countries: 29% of those aged 15-24, followed by 22% of those aged 25-39, 17% of

those aged 40-54 and 11% of those aged 55 and over. All in all, for the younger

generation, the USA seems to exert a pull factor. It is also possible that language plays a

role in the attractiveness of the USA for the young generation of Europeans.

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that both types of 'New Europeans' are more likely

to move to another country outside Europe – other than the USA, Canada, Japan,

Australia or New Zealand – (20% for 'New Europeans by ancestry' and 18% for 'New

Europeans by openness') than those 'without a foreign descent' or 'not open to other

countries' (11% and 9% respectively).


53

3. ATTACHMENT AND FEELINGS OF BELONGING

People may feel attachment to several places and have feelings of belonging to various

groups. This section firstly deals with respondents’ attachment to places at various

geographical levels: other countries, their own country, their region, and their city, town

or village. Secondly, respondents’ feelings of belonging to specific groups will be

examined. The issue of particular interest in this section is to explore the differences that

might exist between 'Old and New Europeans' regarding their feelings of attachment and

belonging.

3.1 Attachment to other countries

Respondents were asked to name two other countries to which they feel most attached,

apart from their country of residence. The country of first choice will be discussed first,

followed by the country of second choice.

Country-by-country analysis shows that more than half (51%) of the interviewees feel

some attachment to a country other than the country where they reside14. The highest

proportions of those feeling affinity with another country are found in Luxembourg (84%),

Sweden (82%), the Netherlands (79%), Malta (77%), Cyprus (77%), Belgium, Denmark

(both 69%), the Czech Republic (66%), Slovakia and Germany (both 62%). These

countries, accordingly, have the fewest respondents reporting that they have no

attachment to any other country.

Countries where respondents feel the least attachment to other countries are Italy (31%),

Latvia (32%), Poland (35%), Portugal (38%), Slovenia (39%), Greece (40%), Bulgaria

and Romania (both 42%). Accordingly, these countries have the highest percentages of

respondents reporting no attachments. Respondents in Latvia, who are most likely to

emigrate (see part 2 of this report), have a low attachment to other countries. Their

desire to move seems to be due to other factors, for example the employment situation:

other surveys conducted these last months show that Latvia is one of the EU Member

States with the highest proportion of respondents saying the employment situation in

their country is bad15.

The countries people feel affinity with (other than their own country) and which they

mentioned most often are France, Italy and Spain (each 5%), Germany (4%) and Austria,

the UK, and the USA (each 3%).

14 QB10a Which country other than (OUR COUNTRY) do you feel the most attached to? Firstly? 15 Special Eurobarometer n°315 Social Climate:

http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_315_en.pdf; Standard Eurobarometer Autumn 2009 (EB72): http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb72/eb72_anx_vol1.pdf


54

Interviewees were also asked to mention a second country they feel attached to16 .

Analysis of the first and second country together17 did not change the ranking of the

most popular countries. On the contrary, it confirms the popularity of France, Italy and

Spain (all 8%), Germany (6%), the UK and the USA (both 5%), and Austria (4%).

Greece joins the list when second favorite countries are included (3%).

16 QB10b And secondly? 17 QB10T Firstly? And secondly?


55

France Italy Spain GermanyUnited

KingdomUnited States Austria Greece …

Other (SPECIFY)

EU27 8% 8% 8% 6% 5% 5% 4% 3% 12%

BE 38% 13% 14% 7% 5% 4% 3% 2% 11%

BG 3% 6% 6% 7% 6% 4% 1% 6% 6%

CZ 6% 5% 3% 10% 7% 3% 7% 5% 5%

DK 5% 7% 8% 15% 14% 7% 3% 6% 22%

DE 9% 11% 8% - 4% 4% 16% 4% 11%

EE 1% 1% 2% 6% 5% 2% 1% 1% 9%

IE 8% 3% 9% 4% 26% 17% 1% 1% 9%

EL 6% 8% 4% 11% 5% 3% 1% 0% 6%

ES 13% 9% - 4% 6% 4% 0% 0% 12%

FR - 12% 17% 6% 5% 4% 1% 1% 17%

IT 9% - 9% 3% 6% 7% 1% 2% 5%

CY 2% 2% 1% 2% 22% 4% 0% 59% 10%

LV 1% 1% 1% 5% 7% 2% 1% 0% 7%

LT 2% 2% 3% 7% 12% 3% 0% 0% 8%

LU 40% 14% 8% 21% 4% 3% 4% 1% 10%

HU 7% 12% 7% 18% 7% 5% 15% 8% 6%

MT 3% 36% 2% 2% 47% 6% 2% 0% 18%

NL 19% 10% 9% 19% 11% 6% 6% 3% 20%

AT 5% 17% 5% 18% 3% 5% - 6% 8%

PL 4% 6% 4% 9% 7% 3% 2% 2% 5%

PT 13% 2% 10% 3% 6% 2% 0% 0% 11%

RO 8% 13% 7% 8% 5% 4% 2% 2% 2%

SI 1% 6% 1% 6% 1% 1% 10% 1% 21%

SK 1% 3% 2% 6% 3% 3% 5% 2% 4%

FI 2% 2% 5% 6% 6% 5% 1% 2% 15%

SE 8% 12% 12% 8% 16% 12% 3% 9% 38%

UK 9% 5% 11% 4% - 10% 1% 3% 20%

The highest results per value The highest results per country

QB10T Countries other than (OUR COUNTRY) which you feel the most attached to

* Respondents mentioned the following countries in 2% of the cases: Belgium, Ireland, Portugal, The

Netherlands and Sweden

** “Other” answers included a wide range of countries, none of which was mentioned by more than 1% of

respondents. Canada, Norway, Switzerland and Australia were all mentioned by slightly less than 1% of

respondents.


56

The general pattern of attachment seems to follow historical-cultural principles (language)

or simply geographical proximity. More than half of the Cypriots surveyed (59%) mention

Greece; a considerable number of respondents in Malta (47%) and a lesser but still

considerable proportion of interviewees in Ireland (26%) feel attached to the UK. A

significant number of Maltese respondents (36%) also cite Italy as a country they feel

attached to. A sizeable minority of respondents in Slovakia (44%) mentioned the Czech

Republic and, similarly, respondents in the Czech Republic are most likely to mention

affinity with Slovakia (40%). Over a quarter of the respondents in Luxembourg (40%)

and in Belgium (38%) feel attached to France. One fifth of respondents in Finland (23%)

feel attached to Sweden. Interviewees in Sweden rarely mention their neighbor Finland

(6%), instead displaying more interest than any other respondents in a variety of “other”

countries (38%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that gender, age, education and occupation are of

influence regarding respondents mentioning at least one other country they feel attached

to. Gender carries limited influence as men (53%) are slightly more likely to cite another

country than women (48%). The younger the respondents are, more likely they are to

mention another country they feel attached to: 58% of the youngest aged 15-24

compared to 43% of the oldest respondents 55+. An analysis by education shows that

the longer they have been in education, the more likely respondents are to cite another

country: 65% of those who studied till the age of 20 or beyond compared to 36% of

those who had finished education at the age of 15 or earlier. A similar pattern is found

for occupation. Managers (68%), students (61%) and white collar workers (57%) more

often mention other countries than retired people (41%) and house persons (42%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 64% of 'New Europeans by ancestry' cite

another country, and this proportion goes up to 73% amongst 'New Europeans by

openness'. In comparison, this figure drops to 42% for 'Old Europeans'.


57

At least one country None DK

EU27 51% 44% 5%

SexMale 53% 41% 6%Female 48% 47% 5%Age15-24 58% 36% 6%25-39 55% 40% 5%40-54 53% 42% 5%55 + 43% 52% 5%Education (End of)15- 36% 60% 4%16-19 50% 45% 5%20+ 65% 30% 5%Still studying 61% 34% 5%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 52% 43% 5%Managers 68% 27% 5%Other white collars 57% 38% 5%Manual workers 51% 43% 6%House persons 42% 53% 5%Unemployed 50% 44% 6%Retired 41% 54% 5%Students 61% 34% 5%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 74% 22% 4%No, none 47% 48% 5%Openness to other countriesYes 77% 20% 3%No, none 45% 50% 5%Links with other countriesNone 41% 53% 6%Ancestry only 64% 32% 4%Openness only 73% 24% 3%

QB10 Which country other than (OUR COUNTRY) do you feel the most attached to?


58

3.2. Reasons for attachment to other countries

Feelings of attachment to a country other than one’s country of residence can have

various reasons. We have seen that considerable numbers of respondents feel attached

to one or even two countries other than their country of residence. We next asked these

respondents about their reasons for attachment to their first preference.18

18 QB11 And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10a)?


59

The top three reasons for attachment to the country of first preference are spending

holidays or weekends in that country (25%) and having personal relationships there, that

is close friends (23%) and/or close relatives (21%).

These reasons correspond to the personal links that constitute an important factor for

connection to other countries as discussed in part 1 of this report.

These are followed by socio-cultural interests, such as keeping up with news, cultural life

or sports of that country (16%) or regularly eating typical foreign foods at home (11%).

Reasons mentioned less often, but still significantly, include having close friends who

moved from that other country (8%), being born there (8%) and having had work

experience there (7%). The reasons mentioned least often are having studied (4%) or

having a partner from that country (4%) and owning property there (2%). Last but not

least, more than one in ten respondents (11%) cannot come up with any particular

reason why they feel attached to that other country, which might exactly be an indication

of subjective, emotional attachment.


60

Reasons for attachment to the countries of first and second preference:

The analysis of the first and second countries together generally reveals the same

pattern as for the attachment to the first country mentioned. In the remainder of this

section, the analyses of the two preferred countries will therefore be aggregated. The

country-by-country analysis will be done on these aggregated results.


61

Holidays and weekends

Spending weekends or holidays in another country is the most common reason for

attachment to that country (30% at EU level). However, a closer look at the respondents’

main reasons by country reveals some differences. More than half of the respondents

mention this reason in the Netherlands (65%), Denmark (59%), Belgium and

Luxembourg (each 52%). Almost half of the respondents mention this reason in Germany

(49%), Austria (48%), the UK (42%) and Sweden (40%). All these countries have been

EU Member States since 15 years or more and share a relatively high standard of living;

spending holidays abroad may be part of respondents’ life style. Holidays are seldom

mentioned as a reason for attachment to another country in Bulgaria (1%), Lithuania and

Greece (each 3%).

Basis: those who feel attached to a first or second other country (51% of the sample)


62

Close friends

The second most common reason for attachment (28% at EU level) to another country is

having close friends living there. Approaching half of the respondents in Slovakia (48%),

Lithuania, Ireland (each 47%), Finland (45%), Estonia (42%), Luxembourg, Cyprus

(each 41%) and Bulgaria (40%) mention this reason. Respondents cite this much less

often in Hungary (17%), Italy (21%), Spain (23%) and France (24%).



63

Close relatives

The third most common reason for attachment to another country (across all

respondents) is, as we have seen, having close relatives who live there (34%). This

reason is mentioned most often in Ireland and Lithuania (52% each), Luxembourg (50%),

Cyprus (45%), Romania (42%), Portugal and Estonia (39%), Malta and Latvia (37%

each). It is mentioned least often in Italy (10%), Hungary (12%) and the Czech Republic

(14%).



64

Other reasons for attachment to another country

One in five Europeans follow news, cultural life or sports in their preferred other countries.

In Malta, half of the interviewees (49%) have this interest, followed by Denmark (38%),

Slovakia (36%), Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg (all 32%), Cyprus (31%) and

Latvia (30%).

One in seven European respondents regularly eat typical food from another country of

preference at home (14%), particularly in Austria (27%), Germany (23%), Denmark

(22%), Sweden (21%) and Slovakia (20%).

Austria also has the highest proportion of interviewees who feel attached to another

country because they have friends who came from this other country (22%, compared to

12% at EU level), followed by the Czech Republic and Latvia (both 17%).

Attachment to another country because of past work experience there is stronger in the

Nordic countries - Sweden (17%), Finland and Denmark (both 16%) - compared to 9%

at EU level.

Luxembourg has the highest percentages of interviewees (24%) who were born in other

countries they feel attached to, followed by Spain (18%). These proportions are much

higher than the score observed at EU level (8%).

The highest percentages of respondents who say spontaneously that they have no

particular reason for their feelings of attachment to their preferred ‘other’ country are

found in Italy (43%), Hungary (41%), Poland (37%), Bulgaria (33%), the Czech Republic

(27%) and Greece (22%). However, bear in mind the small number of respondents who

actually feel such affinities in these countries (except Hungary and the Czech Republic);

this refusal to identify a reason might reflect the reluctance of minority groups to reveal

their cultural or ethnic background.


65

Socio-demographic analysis reveals some interesting differences regarding the

reasons underlying attachment to other countries: age, education, subjective

urbanisation and financial situation are of importance, and to a lesser extent gender and

occupation.

Gender has almost no influence on the reasons for attachment to other countries

measured in this survey. However, it can be noted that more men than women say that

they follow news, cultural life and sports in the other country (23% compared to 17%).

Age is clearly an important determinant of reasons for attachment to another country.

Older respondents aged 40-54 and 55+ are the most likely to mention holidays as a

reason for attachment (34% and 33% respectively), more often than younger

respondents aged 15-24 and 25-39 (26% and 27%). Interviewees aged 25-34 are the

age group the most likely to mention close friends (31%) or close relatives (27%) who

live in their preferred other country. The youngest age group (15-24) are the most likely

to give following news, cultural life and sports in their preferred country as a reason for

attachment (23%).

Education is even more important than age in this context. Here the results are more

straightforward: those educated until age 20 or beyond record higher percentages for all

reasons for attachment than those with lower levels of education, as can be seen in the

table below.

Occupational situation is of limited relevance. More managers mention holidays in their

preferred other country (42%) as a reason for attachment to that country, followed by

having close friends living there (33%) and eating food typical of that country (21%).

House persons, on the other hand, most often mention having close relatives living in

their preferred other country (29%) as a reason for attachment.

Financial situation influences the reasons for attachment, for instance the ability to take

holidays. Those who 'almost never' have difficulties with paying their bills, more often

mention holidays (36%) than those who have financial problems 'most of the time'

(15%).


66

You regularly spend your holidays/

weekends in this country

You have close friends who live in this country

You have close relatives (brothers,

sisters, children, parents) who live in

this country

You regularly follow news, cultural life or

sports from this country

You regularly eat food at

home that is typical of this

country

…Other

(SPONTANEOUS)

No particular reason

(SPONTANEOUS)

EU27 30% 28% 24% 20% 14% 22% 15%

SexMale 31% 28% 23% 23% 14% 21% 14%Female 29% 29% 25% 17% 14% 22% 16%Age15-24 26% 28% 25% 23% 14% 23% 16%25-39 27% 31% 27% 20% 14% 18% 15%40-54 34% 29% 22% 18% 16% 22% 14%55 + 33% 25% 23% 19% 12% 24% 16%Education (End of)15- 24% 20% 24% 13% 10% 22% 17%16-19 30% 26% 22% 18% 13% 21% 18%20+ 35% 35% 27% 23% 17% 21% 11%Still studying 26% 30% 25% 26% 15% 26% 15%Respondent occupation scaleSelf-employed 28% 35% 23% 19% 13% 20% 18%Managers 42% 33% 24% 23% 21% 19% 9%Other white collars 35% 27% 22% 20% 15% 20% 17%Manual workers 28% 27% 25% 19% 14% 20% 14%House persons 27% 25% 29% 13% 14% 20% 19%Unemployed 15% 28% 26% 17% 9% 21% 17%Retired 31% 25% 22% 19% 11% 25% 16%Students 26% 30% 25% 26% 15% 26% 15%Difficulties paying billsMost of the time 15% 30% 26% 18% 11% 27% 14%From time to time 21% 27% 26% 17% 12% 21% 21%Almost never 36% 28% 24% 21% 15% 21% 13%Links with other countriesNone 31% 22% 15% 20% 13% 25% 20%Ancestry only 34% 30% 39% 18% 18% 25% 9%Openness only 31% 37% 21% 20% 15% 16% 9%

QB11_QB12 And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10a + QB10b)Basis: those who feel attached to a first or second other country (51% of the sample)


67

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that the reasons for attachment the most often

mentioned by 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' are, obviously, having relatives who

live there (39%), spending holidays there (34%), and, to a lesser extent, eating food

typical of that country (18%). For 'New Europeans by openness alone' the corresponding

figures are 21%, 31% and 15% respectively; for 'Old Europeans' they are 15%, 31% and

13% respectively.

'New Europeans by openness alone' are more likely to mention close friends who live

there (37%) than are 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (30%) or 'Old Europeans'

(22%).

'Old Europeans' resemble 'New Europeans by openness alone' in recording comparable

proportions of respondents who mention spending holidays (both 31%), following news,

cultural life or sports (both 20%) and eating typical national food as reasons for

attachment (13% and 15%).

In conclusion, personal relationships (friends, relatives) and socio-cultural interests

(holiday, news, sports, culture, food) are the most common reasons for feelings of

attachment to another specific country, while personal experiences (work, study) in that

country are mentioned less often. This corroborates the picture regarding connectedness

to other countries in general (part 1 of this report).

3.3. Different levels of attachment: city, region, country and EU

People can experience attachment to different geographical levels: to the municipality

they inhabit (their city, town or village), to the region where they live, to their country,

or to the European Union. This distinction was made to investigate if and how attachment

is influenced by geographical proximity. We asked the respondents to what extent they

feel attached to different geographical levels19.

19QB13 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city, to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to QB13.1 Your city/ town/ village (SPLIT A) or The city/ town/ village where you live (SPLIT B) QB13.3 Your region (SPLIT A) or The region where you live (SPLIT B) QB13.5 (OUR COUNTRY) QB13.8 The European Union


68

An experiment was conducted during the survey in order to explore the influence of

changes in the exact wording of the items on the results. Half of the sample (split A) was

asked about 'your city/town/village' and 'your region' while the other half (split B) was

asked about 'the city/ town/ village where you live' and 'the region where you live' (split

B). The reason for this nuance is that it was unclear in advance whether respondents

would think of their city, town, village or region of origin. The results, nevertheless,

demonstrate that the changes in wording had almost no influence on the measured

attachment to city/ town/ village (87% and 86% for split A and split B) and to region

(88% for both split A and B). Therefore it was decided that treating the two split samples

together in further analyses is justified. For the Europeans interviewed, feelings of

attachment reported are mostly to a nation (93%), followed by a region (88%), and a

city, town or village (87%). Feelings of attachment to the European Union are reported

much less often (53%). In other words, national attachment is clearly the strongest,

followed at some distance by local attachments, whether regional or even more local.


69

EB73.3 Mar. 2010

Evo. EB73.3 Mar. 2010 - EB68.1 Aut. 2007

EB73.3 Mar. 2010

Evo. EB73.3 Mar. 2010 - EB67.1 Feb.-Mar. 2007

EB73.3 Mar. 2010

Evo. EB73.3 Mar. 2010 - EB68.1 Aut. 2007

EB73.3 Mar. 2010

Evo. EB73.3 Mar. 2010 -EB68.1 Aut. 2007

EU27 87% 0 88% +3 93% +2 53% +4

BE 76% -7 80% -4 82% -2 50% -15

BG 93% -2 94% +3 95% +1 54% +14

CZ 83% +2 86% +3 92% +4 40% +1

DK 86% -1 75% -6 98% 0 38% -5

DE 86% -1 88% +5 91% +1 55% +3

EE 85% +5 83% 0 97% +4 35% +1

IE 92% +1 92% +3 98% +5 52% +4

EL 96% -1 95% -1 99% +2 45% +8

ES 93% -2 90% +2 90% -2 61% +8

FR 73% -5 81% +1 95% +3 55% -2

IT 94% +5 95% +8 97% +6 73% +16

CY 92% +6 89% +3 98% +2 29% +4

LV 89% +2 87% +2 91% +3 49% +4

LT 89% +3 87% +4 94% +2 37% +1

LU 78% -3 87% +3 92% +1 69% +11

HU 91% +3 89% +1 97% +4 58% +8

MT 73% 0 72% -4 94% +2 50% +1

NL 64% -8 67% 0 82% -3 33% +1

AT 94% +3 93% +2 95% +2 54% +13

PL 94% +2 94% +2 99% +2 64% +1

PT 95% +2 96% +5 98% +4 54% +2

RO 95% +5 94% +2 92% +2 46% -10

SI 92% +2 91% 0 95% 0 43% -5

SK 90% +2 92% +3 96% +6 62% +20

FI 83% 0 87% -2 97% -1 33% +6

SE 82% -6 78% -5 94% -2 37% -6

UK 83% +1 85% +3 91% +7 29% +2

Your city/town/village - The city/town/village where you live Your region - The region where you live (OUR COUNTRY) The European Union

QB13 People may feel different levels of attachment to … - Total 'Attached'


70

Attachment to city, town or village

A large majority of Europeans (87%) feel attached to their city, town or village, which is

exactly the same percentage as in autumn 2007 (standard Eurobarometer 68). More

specifically, they felt ‘very attached’ (49%), ‘fairly attached’ (38%), ‘not very attached’

(10%), or ‘not at all attached’ (3%): these percentages are found both in 2010 and 2007.

Country-by-country analysis shows that respondents’ attachment to their city, town

or village is the strongest in Greece (96%), Portugal and Romania (95% each), Italy,

Austria and Poland (94% each). In contrast, this local attachment is reported the least in

the Netherlands (64%).

In terms of evolutions, the largest decline in the feeling of belonging to the city, town or

village of residence occurs in Belgium, down from 83% to 76% (-7% points) and in the

Netherlands, where it fall from 72% to 64% (-8% points).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that the attachment to the city, town or village is

stronger among older respondents (91% of those aged 55+) than among younger

respondents (83% of those aged 15-24). This attachment to the city, town or village is

also more important among those who left school at or before age 15 (92%) than among

those who studied until 20 or later (83%). There are only few differences according to

subjective urbanisation. It can be noted, however, that inhabitants of large towns (89%)

are slightly more likely to be attached to their city than those living in small or mid-sized

towns (85%) or rural dwellers (87%).

Attachment to region

A vast majority of European respondents (88%) feel attached to their region, up three

points since March 2007 (EB67.1). More specifically, there was an increase in the number

of respondents who feel attached to their region: 'very attached' rose from 45% to 47%

(+2 points) and ‘fairly attached’ from 40% to 41% (+1 point). Accordingly, there was a

decrease in the number of respondents who do not feel attached to their region: ‘not

very attached’ decreased from 12% to 10% (-2 points) and ‘not at all attached’ from 3%

to 2% (-1 point).


71

Country-by-country analysis shows that highest proportions of respondents who feel

attached to their region are found in Portugal (96%), Greece, Italy (both 95%), and

Bulgaria, Poland and Romania (all 94%). Respondents in the Netherlands once again feel

the least attachment (67%). They are followed by respondents in Malta (72%), Denmark

(75%) and Sweden (78%). The strongest increase in feelings of attachment to the region

occurred in Italy, from 87% to 95% (+8 points).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that respondents’ age also influences the extent

of attachment to the region: 93% of those aged 55+ are attached to their region

compared to 82% of those aged 15-24. Education also plays a role: 94% of those who

left school by the age of 15 feel regional attachments, compared to 84% of those whose

education ended at or after the age of 20.

Attachment to respondents’ own country

The vast majority of European respondents (93%) feel attached to their country, up two

points since autumn 2007 (91%). More specifically, the number of respondents who feel

'very attached' to their own country increased from 52% to 56% (+4 points), whereas

there was a decrease in the number of respondents who feel ‘fairly attached’ from 39%

to 37%, ‘not very attached’ from 7% to 6% (-1 points) and ‘not at all attached’ from 2%

to 1% (-1 point).

The strongest increases in national attachment are in the UK, from 84% to 91% (+7

points), Slovakia, from 90% to 96% (+6 points), Italy, from 91% to 97% (+6 points),

and Ireland, from 93% to 98% (+5 points).

Countries with the highest proportions of respondents with a sense of national

attachment are Greece, Poland (both 99%), Denmark, Ireland, Cyprus and Portugal (all

98%). The lowest proportions are found in Belgium and the Netherlands (both 82%).

Socio-demographic variables have no significant influence on respondents’ attachment to

their country, except that it is slightly stronger in the older respondents group (96% for

those aged 55+) than in younger respondents group (90% for those aged 15-24).


72

Attachment to the EU

More than half (53%) of the respondents feel attached to the European Union, which

represents an increase of four points since autumn 2007 (49%). Nevertheless, national

attachment is far stronger than attachment to the EU. There was an increase in the

number of respondents who feel attached to the EU: 'very attached' rose from 11% to

12% (+1 point) and ‘fairly attached’ from 38% to 41% (+3 points). This coincides with a

decrease in the number of respondents who do not feel attached to the EU: ‘not very

attached’ fell from 33% to 32% (-1 point) and ‘not at all attached’ from 15% to 13% (-2

points).

At national level, significant increases and decreases are found. The greatest increases

were found in Slovakia, from 42% to 62% (+20 points), Italy, from 57% to 73% (+16

points), Bulgaria, from 40% to 54% (+14 points) and Austria, from 41% to 54% (+13

points). The greatest declines in attachment to the EU are recorded in Belgium, from

65% to 50% (-15 points) and Romania, from 56% to 46% (-10 points).

Countries with the largest proportions of respondents feeling attachment to the EU are

Italy (73%), Luxembourg (69%) and Poland (64%). The lowest proportions are found in

the UK, Cyprus (both 29%), Finland, the Netherlands (both 33%), Estonia (35%),

Sweden, Lithuania (37% each) and Denmark (38%).

Some differences can be found in accordance with the socio-demographic profile of the

respondents. Attachment to the EU is stronger in younger respondents (57%) than in

older respondents (50% for those aged 55+). Education and self-positioning on the social

scale are also relevant as those with higher education or higher self-positioning (both

58%) are more likely to feel attached to the EU than those with the least education or

who position themselves at the bottom of the social ladder (46% and 45%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' demonstrates that 'New Europeans by openness alone'

feel somewhat more attachment to the EU (55%) than 'New Europeans by ancestry

alone' (50%) and 'Old Europeans' (51%).


73

3.4 Comparison of attachment: own country versus other

countries

To compare the feelings of attachment respondents have for their own country with

those they have for the other two countries for which they feel an affinity, they were also

asked about the extent of their feelings towards these other countries20.

The interviewees mainly report feelings of attachment to their own country (93%),

followed by the first other country mentioned (66%) and then by the second (55%).

Basis: item 6 asked to those who cited a first country they feel attached to (51%); Item 7 asked to those who

cited a second country they feel attached to (30%).

When comparing the strength of attachment Europeans feel to their own country as

compared to their other two favoured countries, it appears that for respondents in all

countries, without exception, their attachment to their own country is the strongest,

followed by the first and second other countries of preference.

Some interesting differences between countries emerge. The three Baltic countries,

Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia, record considerable differences (of +56, +52 and +41

points respectively) between the degree of attachment respondents feel towards their

own country and their first other country of preference. Hungary (+55 points), Poland

20QB13 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city, to their region,

to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… QB13.5 (OUR COUNTRY) QB13.6 (COUNTRY QB10a) (first country cited) QB13.7 (COUNTRY QB10b) (second country cited)


74

(+51 points), Finland (+45 points) and the Czech Republic (+41 points) also show

differences. Conversely, respondents in Luxembourg, the country with most New

Europeans, demonstrate the least difference between the strength of their attachment to

their country of residence and to their first other country of preference (+7 points).

Item (OUR COUNTRY) Country mentioned in QB10a

Diff. (OUR COUNTRY - Country QB10a)

Country mentioned in QB10b

Diff. (Country QB10b - Country QB10a)

Basis All respondents Respondents who feel attached to another

country, codes 1-29 in QB10a

Respondents who feel attached to a second other country, codes 1-

29 in QB10b

EU27 93% 66% +27 55% +11

BE 82% 66% +16 56% +10

BG 95% 59% +36 53% +6

CZ 92% 51% +41 42% +9

DK 98% 67% +31 55% +12

DE 91% 75% +16 63% +12

EE 97% 41% +56 33% +8

IE 98% 72% +26 63% +9

EL 99% 64% +35 47% +17

ES 90% 57% +33 39% +18

FR 95% 75% +20 69% +6

IT 97% 66% +31 56% +10

CY 98% 75% +23 51% +24

LV 91% 50% +41 42% +8

LT 94% 42% +52 31% +11

LU 92% 85% +7 72% +13

HU 97% 42% +55 34% +8

MT 94% 60% +34 49% +11

NL 82% 53% +29 40% +13

AT 95% 80% +15 77% +3

PL 99% 48% +51 36% +12

PT 98% 61% +37 49% +12

RO 92% 63% +29 55% +8

SI 95% 55% +40 45% +10

SK 96% 75% +21 60% +15

FI 97% 52% +45 40% +12

SE 94% 76% +18 66% +10

UK 91% 67% +24 56% +11

QB13.5-7 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city, to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to…

% Total 'Attached'

The highest results per value

The lowest results per value


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Analysis of the answers of 'Old Europeans' and 'New Europeans' reveals that 'New

Europeans by openness alone' (71%) and those 'by ancestry alone' (73%) both have

much stronger attachments to another country than 'Old Europeans' (58%). Nevertheless,

attachment to their country of residence is stronger in all three groups (89%, 93%, 94%

respectively). Far more respondents say they are “very” attached to their country of

residence (51%, 52%, 58%) than to their first other country of preference (16%, 20%,

9%). 'New Europeans' show more interest in and attachment to other countries than do

'Old Europeans', but these feelings are far weaker than their feelings for their own

country.


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3.5 Belonging to a group

The feeling of belonging to a group is an important aspect of the quality of life and it may

influence the extent to which respondents feel attached to a place. A distinction can be

made between majority and minority groups. We asked respondents whether they feel

they belong to one of the majority groups in their country or to a minority group in terms

of religion, culture or ethnic origin. Furthermore, the feeling of belonging to a group may

be determined both by self-identification and by our impression of how others perceive

us. Therefore we asked the respondents both questions21.

Nevertheless, there appears to be no significant differences between the two: a majority

of respondents feel that they belong to a majority group (70%) and/or feel that other

people in their country generally perceive them as belonging to a majority group (70%).

Nearly one in ten respondents feel that they belong to a minority group (9%) and/or feel

that others have that perception (8%).

Remarkably, a sizeable relative minority (16%) spontaneously answer “neither group”, as

opposed to the 5% who either say that they did not know or refused to answer. The

members of this sizeable minority might feel they do not belong to any group. The

second group may not answer because they feel that they belong at once to a majority

and a minority group and do not (wish to) make a choice between them. There is also a

small but significant minority of 14% that spontaneously answered “neither group” when

asked how they feel that other people perceive them – as opposed to the 8% who said

that they did not know or refused to answer.

21 QB14 For each of the following statements, please tell me which situation applies to you.

QB14.1 You have the feeling that you belong to … QB14.2 You have the feeling that people in (OUR COUNTRY) generally perceive you as belonging to …


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This absence of difference between the two dimensions (self perception and feeling of

being perceived by the others) can be interpreted in several ways. It is possible that an

individual’s feeling of belonging to a group corresponds objectively to the perception of

others. However, it could be that the two variables are interrelated: the feeling of

belonging to a group is influenced by how respondents think others perceive them. In

other words, someone may see himself as belonging to a minority group because that is

how he thinks he is perceived by others.

Feelings of belonging to a group

Country-by-country analysis shows that the highest proportions of respondents who

feel they belong to a majority group are found in Denmark (91%), Finland (90%), Cyprus

(88%), the Netherlands (87%), Sweden (87%), the Czech Republic (85%) and Bulgaria

(82%). In contrast, the highest proportions of respondents who feel they belong to a

minority group are found in Luxembourg (18%), the UK (14%) and Spain (13%). Once

again, Luxembourg stands out: this confirms the special situation of Luxembourg

previously highlighted when it comes to connection with other countries. Furthermore,

respondents in Portugal (46%), Greece (29%), France (28%) and Italy (26%) are most

likely to report that they feel they do not belong to either group.


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Socio-demographic analysis reveals some differences regarding education, occupation

and standard of living. The longer they have remained in education, the more likely it is

that respondents feel that they belong to a majority group (74% of those educated to

age 20 or beyond, compared to 68% of those who left school at 15 or earlier). Managers

are thus most likely to feel they belong to a majority group (78%) and the unemployed

least likely (65%).

Respondents without employment are most likely to feel that they belong to a minority

group (13%). Last but not least, those who have difficulties with paying their bills are

more likely to feel they belong to a minority group: 14 % of respondents who have such

difficulties, as compared to 7% of those who almost never have these problems.


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Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that those 'by ancestry alone' significantly more

often (14%) feel they belong to a minority group than those 'by openness alone' (8%)

and 'Old Europeans' (6%). In short, 'New Europeans by ancestry' are more likely to feel

that they do not belong to the majority group, which is not the case for 'New Europeans

by openness'.

One of the majority groups in (OUR

COUNTRY)

One of the minority groups in (OUR COUNTRY) in terms of

religion, culture or ethnic origin

Neither one nor the other – No specific group

(SPONTANEOUS)

Refusal (SPONTANEOUS)

DK

EU27 70% 9% 16% 1% 4%

Education (End of)15- 68% 9% 16% 2% 5%16-19 70% 8% 17% 1% 4%20+ 74% 9% 13% 1% 3%Still studying 72% 9% 14% 1% 4%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 70% 8% 17% 1% 4%Managers 78% 8% 10% 1% 3%Other white collars 71% 8% 17% 1% 3%Manual workers 68% 11% 16% 1% 4%House persons 66% 8% 18% 1% 7%Unemployed 65% 13% 16% 2% 4%Retired 71% 7% 16% 1% 5%Students 72% 9% 14% 1% 4%Difficulties paying billsMost of the time 61% 14% 17% 1% 7%From time to time 64% 10% 19% 2% 5%Almost never 75% 7% 13% 1% 4%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 59% 21% 16% 1% 3%No, none 73% 6% 16% 1% 4%Openness to other countriesYes 64% 17% 15% 1% 3%No, none 72% 6% 16% 1% 5%Links with other countriesNone 72% 6% 16% 1% 5%Ancestry only 66% 14% 15% 1% 4%Openness only 75% 8% 14% 1% 2%

QB14.1 For each of the following statements, please tell me which situation applies to you. You have the feeling that you belong to…


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3.6 Reasons for belonging to a group

People’s own perceptions or the feeling of being perceived by others as belonging to a

majority or minority group, can have various reasons. Respondents were therefore asked

why they think other people in their country perceive them as belonging to a specific

group22.

22 QB15 Regardless of whether you or others think that you belong to the majority or to a minority group, for

which of the following reasons, if any, could people in (OUR COUNTRY) perceive you as belonging to a specific group? If you have no opinion or prefer not to answer, please say so.


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Firstly, about one in three Europeans think it is because of their language or accent (34%)

and/or their culture, values or lifestyle (30%) that people in their country perceive as

belonging to a specific group. Secondly, interviewees often mention ethnic or origin

characteristics: skin colour and/or ethnic origin (22%), the area where they live (19%),

their religion (17%) and their name (15%). Thirdly, they quote their physical condition or

appearance (14%) and to a lesser extent the way they dress (9%), their age (7%) and

their occupation (7%).

Country-by-country analysis reveals a general pattern. The great majority of countries

record the same two chief reasons for being seen as belonging to a group, but there are

differences with respect to the third most prevalent reason.

Socio-demographic analysis shows a general pattern in which young respondents are

the most likely to cite almost all the reasons for being seen as belonging to a group. This

also goes for those who are more highly educated and those who place themselves

higher on the social ladder, perhaps because of greater awareness of discrimination.

'New Europeans' are not very different from 'Old Europeans' in this respect, with the

exception of skin colour and name as reasons for being perceived as belonging to a group.

A more detailed analysis of country-by-country and socio-demographic results will be

conducted in the next section.


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Your language or accent

Your culture, values, lifestyle

Your skin colour or

ethnic origin

The area where you

live

Your religion

EU27 34% 30% 22% 19% 17%

Age15-24 35% 29% 28% 19% 19%25-39 35% 30% 23% 18% 16%40-54 35% 32% 23% 19% 17%55 + 33% 28% 17% 20% 17%Education (End of)15- 33% 25% 18% 19% 19%16-19 34% 29% 22% 20% 16%20+ 36% 34% 24% 17% 17%Still studying 38% 34% 29% 19% 19%Respondent occupation scaleSelf- employed 35% 30% 22% 18% 18%Managers 40% 35% 30% 18% 17%Other white collars 38% 36% 23% 20% 17%Manual workers 33% 28% 22% 18% 15%House persons 34% 28% 20% 19% 18%Unemployed 27% 25% 19% 17% 14%Retired 31% 27% 17% 20% 18%Students 38% 34% 29% 19% 19%Difficulties paying billsMost of the time 28% 25% 19% 18% 15%From time to time 32% 29% 21% 18% 18%Almost never 36% 31% 23% 20% 17%Self-positioning on the social staircaseLow (1-4) 29% 25% 20% 17% 16%Medium (5-6) 34% 30% 22% 19% 18%High (7-10) 39% 35% 24% 21% 17%Ancestry/ Roots abroadYes 37% 28% 25% 14% 17%No, none 34% 31% 22% 20% 17%Openness to other countriesYes 38% 31% 24% 14% 16%No, none 33% 30% 21% 20% 17%Links with other countriesNone 34% 30% 21% 21% 17%Ancestry only 32% 28% 26% 17% 18%Openness only 34% 32% 26% 18% 16%

QB15 Regardless of whether you or others think that you belong to the majority or to a minority group, for which of the following reasons, if any, could people in (OUR COUNTRY) perceive you as belonging to a specific group? If you have no opinion or prefer not to answer, please say so. (MULTIPLE ANSWERS

POSSIBLE)

* First five items


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Language or accent

Slightly more than a third (34%) of the respondents generally think that their language

or accent is one of the most obvious reason why other people in their country classify

them as belonging to a specific group.

Country-by-country analysis shows that respondents are the most likely to think that

language or accent matters in Greece (50%), Ireland (49%), Sweden (48%), Austria

(48%), Germany (45%) and the UK (45%). In contrast, at the other end of the scale

respondents in Lithuania (14%), France (18%) and Hungary (19%) are the least likely to

believe this.


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Socio-demographic analysis reveals that there are not many differences apart from

occupation, financial situation and self positioning on the social scale. Only 27% of the

unemployed think that their language or accent is of importance, compared to 40% of

managers. Those who almost never have problems paying their bills (36%) are more

likely to think that their language or accent is a major reason why other people classify

them as belonging to a specific group than those who have such problems most of the

time (28%). Accordingly, those who position themselves higher on the social scale (39%)

more often think this is the case than those who place themselves towards the bottom

(29%).

Culture values and lifestyle

Just short of a third (30%) of the European respondents think that their culture, values

or lifestyle make other people in their country perceive them as belonging to a specific

group.


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Country-by-country analysis shows that Cyprus (56%) leads the ranking in this

respect, followed at some distance by Malta (45%), Sweden (42%), Austria (41%), the

Netherlands (41%) and Estonia (40%). The fewest respondents with this opinion are

found in Lithuania (13%), Poland (18%), France (19%), Romania (21%), Portugal (22%)

and Finland (24%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that education, occupation, financial situation and

self positioning on the social ladder are all significant. As the level of education increases,

respondents are more likely to believe that their culture, values or lifestyle make others

perceive them as belonging to a specific group. One third (34%) of those educated to

age 20 or beyond hold this belief, whereas this figure shrinks to one quarter (25%) for

those who left school at 15 or earlier. Managers (36%) and white collar workers (36%)

are more likely to take this view than the unemployed (25%). Those who 'almost never'

have difficulties paying their bills (31%) and respondents who position themselves high

on the social scale (35%) are more likely to mention culture, values and lifestyle as a

major reason than those who have difficulties paying their bills 'most of the time' and

those who place themselves at the bottom of the social ladder (both 25%).

Other reasons for being perceived as belonging to a group are mentioned less often, but

there are some striking results. The area where one lives is of importance in Estonia

(35%) and the Czech Republic (33%), compared to 19% at EU level. Religion is more

important in the Mediterranean countries of Cyprus (49%), Greece (43%) and Malta

(36%), compared to 17% at EU level, while a person’s name and physical appearance is

very influential in Sweden (44% and 36% respectively, compared to 15% and 14% at EU

level).


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*****

A general pattern emerged regarding respondents’ attachment to specific countries other

than their country of residence, reflecting historical-cultural (language) communalities or

merely geographical proximity.

The analysis of reasons for attachment to other countries reveals that personal

relationships (friends, relatives) and socio-cultural interests (holidays) are the most

common reasons, while personal experiences (work, study) in the other country are

mentioned less often. There are only limited differences between 'New and Old

Europeans'.

Analysis of attachment at different geographical levels shows that attachment to the

country of residence is by far the strongest, followed at some distance by regional or

even more local attachments. Attachment to the EU is less strong, though it has

increased since 2007.

'New Europeans by openness alone' are slightly more inclined to feel attachment to the

EU than 'New Europeans by foreign ancestry' alone and 'Old Europeans', though the

difference is small.

Europeans’ strength of attachment to their own country is by far stronger than the

strength of attachment to their favoured other countries. Both types of 'New Europeans'

feel stronger attachment to their favoured other countries than 'Old Europeans' do, but

still all three groups are most attached to their own country.

A minority - not quite one in ten - feel they belong to a minority group. 'New Europeans

by ancestry alone' are more likely to feel that they belong to a minority group than 'New

Europeans by openness alone' and 'Old Europeans'.


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4. IDENTITY

This last section of the report addresses the multi-dimensional concept of identity.

Identity can, for example, be considered a matter of self-expression, citizenship, loyalty

or group membership. Identity can also vary from one level to another: one’s regional,

national and European identity can indeed be very different.

Respondents were asked about the most important characteristics of being a national of

their country of residence, and about how European they feel.

4.1. National identity

We saw in the previous part of the report that almost all respondents feel most attached

to their own country, i.e. not only more than to other countries, but also more than to

their region, city, town or village. This is the case in every EU Member State.

Respondents were then asked what they think are the most important characteristics of

being a national of their country23.

23QB1 People differ in what they think it means to be (NATIONALITY). In your view, among the following,what do you think are the most important characteristics to be (NATIONALITY)?


88


89

Almost half of the respondents think that being born in that country is an important

characteristic of national feeling (49%). It is by far the most cited aspect. This is followed

by four characteristics, all mentioned by approximately equal proportions of respondents:

mastering a country’s national language (34%), feeling of that nationality (34%), sharing

cultural traditions (33%) and exercising citizens’ rights, for example by voting (33%).

Over a quarter of the interviewees say that to have been brought up in that country

(28%) is an important characteristic of being a national of that country. Mentioned less

often, but still significant, is having at least one parent of that nationality (18%). The

least frequently cited characteristics are being a Christian (9%) and being active in any

association or organisation in that country (3%).

Comparing these figures with spring 2009 (Standard Eurobarometer EB71), there are

some interesting changes.

Firstly, the largest difference is that feeling of that nationality has lost quite some

significance, having dropped 8 points from 42% to 34%, while at the same time being

born in that country has clearly gained importance, up 7 points from 42% to 49%. While

these two items were equally ranked in first place in June 2009, there is now a 15

percentage point difference between them.

Secondly, characteristics which are mentioned by an increasing number of interviewees

are mastering a country’s national language, from 29% to 34% (+5 points), having at

least one parent of that nationality, from 13% to 18% (+5 points), exercising citizens’

rights, for example by voting, from 29% to 33% (+4 points), and having been brought

up in that country, from 25% to 28% (+3 points).

Thirdly, the characteristics mentioned less often than in spring 2009 are

– besides feeling of that nationality as noted above – sharing national cultural traditions,

down from 37% to 33% (-4 points), being active in any association or organisation, from

5% to 3% (-2 points) and being a Christian (from 10% to 9% (-1 point).

To sum up, the determining factors of the national identity seem to have changed since

spring 2009 in the sense that the emphasis on the most elusive, subjective concepts

(feeling, sharing, believing) is diminishing, while there is a growing emphasis on the

most objective, concrete concepts (places of birth of the respondents and their parents,

place of upbringing, language skills and civil rights).

Country-by-country analysis reveals that being born in that country is indeed the

primary characteristic of national identity in 13 Member States: Portugal (69%), Malta

(68%), Ireland (65%), Cyprus (64%), Spain (63%), Romania (63%), Bulgaria (58%),

the Czech Republic (56%), the United Kingdom (55%), Italy (53%), Greece (51%),

Belgium (50%) and Poland (45%). Conversely, it is least important in Sweden (22%) and

Denmark (25%).


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In other countries, mastering a national language is of more importance: Estonia (66%),

Denmark (65%), Germany (62%), Lithuania (59%), the Netherlands (58%), Austria

(53%), Slovakia (53%), Luxembourg (51%) and Slovenia (46%). Across the EU,

mastering a national language is least important in Portugal (4%).

Feeling of the relevant nationality is the most prominent characteristic in Hungary (63%),

Sweden (56%), Finland (52%) and Latvia (46%). It is least important in Germany, Italy

and Ireland (all 24%).

Exercising the rights of a citizen is the most significant characteristic in France (50%).

This characteristic is also quite important in Sweden (54%), almost as important as

feeling Swedish (56%). Exercising citizens’ rights is least often mentioned in Spain

(20%), Portugal and Lithuania (both 21%).

Shared cultural traditions are not the leading characteristic in any of the countries

surveyed; at its highest it is in second place. It is mentioned most frequently in Denmark

(49%), Belgium (45%) and Luxembourg (42%). Countries where sharing cultural

traditions is mentioned least often are Spain (19%), Portugal, Slovakia and Hungary (all

20%).

Having been brought up in that country is the most often considered important in Finland

(46%) and the Czech Republic (41%), and the least often in Greece (14%) and

Luxembourg (16%).

Having at least one parent of that nationality is the most frequently considered important

in Cyprus (48%) and Greece (44%). It is the least important to those in Sweden,

Denmark and Latvia (all 9%).

Being a Christian is more cited in Romania (36%), Cyprus (35%), Greece (33%) –

countries with a strong religious tradition - and Malta (29%) as compared to Sweden and

the Czech Republic (2% each), the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain and Estonia (all 3%).

Being active in any association or organisation in that country is mentioned the most

often in Denmark (9%) and the Netherlands (8%).


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To be born in (OUR

COUNTRY)

To feel (NATIONALITY)

To master (COUNTRY LANGUAGE)/To

master one of the official languages of

(OUR COUNTRY)

To share (NATIONALITY)

cultural traditions

To exercise citizens' rights,

for example voting in (OUR

COUNTRY)

To have been brought up in

(OUR COUNTRY)

To have at least one

(NATIONALITY) parents

To be a Christian

Being active in any association or organization

in (OUR COUNTRY)

EU27 49% 34% 34% 33% 33% 28% 18% 9% 3%

BE 50% 41% 29% 34% 36% 29% 15% 3% 4%

BG 58% 48% 15% 45% 27% 20% 24% 26% 1%

CZ 56% 37% 49% 24% 29% 41% 20% 2% 2%

DK 25% 44% 65% 49% 47% 22% 9% 5% 9%

DE 40% 24% 62% 29% 36% 35% 17% 4% 1%

EE 37% 51% 66% 38% 24% 28% 18% 3% 5%

IE 65% 24% 3% 30% 29% 39% 24% 13% 6%

EL 51% 44% 12% 29% 29% 14% 44% 33% 1%

ES 63% 42% 8% 19% 20% 29% 17% 3% 4%

FR 42% 40% 43% 41% 50% 17% 18% 4% 5%

IT 53% 24% 19% 40% 38% 25% 15% 13% 4%

CY 64% 28% 16% 36% 40% 19% 48% 35% 3%

LV 33% 46% 37% 41% 33% 26% 9% 6% 4%

LT 48% 34% 59% 30% 21% 21% 28% 12% 3%

LU 41% 42% 51% 42% 33% 16% 12% 6% 7%

HU 37% 63% 30% 20% 33% 20% 31% 6% 4%

MT 68% 31% 13% 30% 31% 36% 19% 29% 1%

NL 36% 48% 58% 37% 43% 29% 11% 3% 8%

AT 45% 29% 53% 41% 28% 39% 17% 7% 4%

PL 45% 43% 32% 31% 24% 23% 13% 16% 1%

PT 69% 31% 4% 20% 21% 33% 24% 5% 1%

RO 63% 26% 29% 30% 23% 24% 15% 36% 1%

SI 41% 40% 46% 37% 33% 21% 24% 10% 3%

SK 45% 46% 53% 20% 35% 33% 20% 7% 2%

FI 48% 52% 31% 31% 37% 46% 13% 10% 4%

SE 22% 56% 52% 31% 54% 22% 9% 2% 3%

UK 55% 26% 22% 36% 24% 36% 21% 5% 6%

QB1 People differ in what they think it means to be (NATIONALITY). In your view, among the following, what do you think are the most important characteristics to be (NATIONALITY)? (ROTATE – MAX. 3 ANSWERS)

Highest percentage per item Lowest percentage per item


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Compared to spring 2009 (Standard Eurobarometer EB71), significant changes occurred

at a national level which show a general shift from subjective aspects to more objective

ones in the make up of national identity.

Being born in the country has gained importance considerably at the expense of feeling

of being the relevant nationality in several countries. The most striking drops in the latter

accompanied by a significant increase in the former are found in Lithuania (-20 points

from 54% to 34% and +12 points from 36% to 48%)24 and Luxembourg (-16 points

from 58% to 42% and +13 points from 28% to 41%). Impressive changes for both items

are also noted in Cyprus (-15 points, from 43% to 28% and +16 points from 48% to

64%), Malta (-15 points, from 46% to 31% and +8 points from 60% to 68%) and

Romania (-12 points, from 38% to 26% and +14 points from 49% to 63%).

24 The first percentage is the result of “to be born in (OUR COUNTRY)”; second percentage: “to feel

(NATIONALITY)”.


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Socio-demographic analysis reveals the influence of education on all nine

characteristics of national identity.

Those who left school at 15 or earlier put more emphasis than those who studied till 20

or after on being born in that country (57% versus 39%), being raised in that country

(30% versus 25%) and being a Christian (13% versus 6%). The better educated, in turn,

put more emphasis on all the remaining characteristics.

The following differences are found between those who finished education at 15 or before

and those who studied to 20 or beyond: exercising civil rights, such as voting (25%

versus 41%), feeling as being of that nationality (31% versus 39%), sharing cultural

traditions (28% versus 39%) and mastering a national language (28% versus 38%).


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Turning to age, the youngest respondents aged 15-24 attached the least weight (27%)

to sharing cultural traditions compared to all older age groups (33% to 34%), while the

oldest respondents aged 55+ attach more importance (13%) to being a Christian than all

the younger groups (6% to 7%).

Analysis of 'New Europeans' shows that 'Old Europeans' tend to attach more

importance to being born in their country (54%) compared to either type of 'New

Europeans' (42% and 43%); 'Old Europeans' also attach less importance to citizens’

rights (31%) compared to 'New Europeans' (both 37%).

'New Europeans by openness alone' most often mention the sharing of cultural traditions

(37%) as an important aspect of national identity, compared to 'Old Europeans' (32%)

and 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (31%).

'New Europeans by ancestry alone' in turn, stand out by being the most likely (42%) to

mention mastering the national language as an important element of national identity,

compared to both 'Old Europeans' (32%) and 'New Europeans by openness alone' (35%).


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4.2 European identity

Elements of European identity

More than half (53%) of the Europeans surveyed feel attached to the European Union. To

gain more insight into this connectedness to Europe, we asked respondents what they

think are the most important elements of European identity25.

25 QB2 In your opinion, which of the following are the two most important elements that go to make up a

European identity?


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The most important elements, each mentioned by around a third of the respondents, are

the euro (36%) and democratic values (32%). The next two most defining elements are

geography and common culture (each mentioned by 22%). They are followed by

common history (17%), the high level of social protection (13%) and by symbols – flag,

hymn and motto ‘unity in diversity’ (11%). Only a small minority mentioned common

religious heritage (5%). Finally, only 3% of the Europeans surveyed answered

spontaneously that there is no such thing as a European identity.

Compared with the last time this question was asked, in Standard Eurobarometer 71

(spring 2009), the question had changed with the introduction of two new elements in

2010, namely the euro and the symbols – flag, hymn and motto. The great importance

given to the euro (36%) and to a much lesser extent that of symbols (11%) as primary

elements of European identity seems to be at the expense of the other elements; the

euro and the symbols have pushed the other elements down from their previous ranks

because respondents were allowed to choose only two elements. This means that

comparison of the 2009 and 2010 results is unjustified, because the group of elements

from which the respondents had to choose in 2010 is not the same as in 2009. The

results are nevertheless presented here for information.

In spring 2009, democratic values stood out as the leading element in European identity,

followed by four elements (geography, high level of social protection, common history

and common culture). Now, the introduction of the two new items has led to the

emergence of a much clearer hierarchy of elements, with the euro in first place.

On this question, interesting differences can be seen between groups of countries: euro

zone countries far more often (46%) consider the euro as an important element of

European identity than the remaining EU Member States (18%). The single currency is

also of more importance to the fifteen old Member States (39%) than to the twelve new

Member States26 (25%), as well the democratic values (34% compared to 24%). For the

new Member States, in turn, common history and symbols are more important as

elements of European identity (22% and 17%) than for the old Member States (16% and

9%).

26 Old Member States are those that joined the EU before 2004. New Member States are those that have

acceded to the EU from 2004 onwards.


97

The single currency, the

Euro

Democratic values Geography Common culture

Common history

EU27 36% 32% 22% 22% 17%

EU accession dateEU15 39% 34% 22% 22% 16%NMS12 25% 24% 23% 22% 22%Using the European single currencyEuro zone 46% 34% 22% 22% 16%Non euro zone 18% 28% 24% 23% 19%

QB2 In your opinion, which of the following are the two most important elements that go to make up a European identity? (ROTATE – MAX. 2 ANSWERS)

Country-by-country analysis shows that the euro is indeed the most important

element in 17 Member States: Slovenia (61%), France (59%), Slovakia (57%), Belgium,

Finland (55% each), Greece (53%), Ireland (52%), the Netherlands (49%), Luxembourg

(48%), Spain (48%), Malta (45%), Italy (39%), Portugal (39%), Germany (38%),

Estonia (34%), Latvia (31%) and Romania (29%). Note that the last three countries

named are not in the euro zone at present (although Estonia will join on 1 January 2011).

The euro is the least important in the United Kingdom (12%), Sweden (17%), Hungary

and Denmark (each 18%), all non-euro zone countries.

Another important element of European identity is democratic values. It is the most

important element in six Member States: Sweden (71%), Denmark (65%), Cyprus

(51%), Austria (40%), Lithuania (34%) and the Czech Republic (31%).

Two other important elements are geography, the most important element in Bulgaria

(35%) and common culture, the most important element in the United Kingdom (26%)

and Poland (25%). Finally, common history is the most important in Hungary (33%).

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that almost all categories selected the euro as the

most important element in a European identity. The longer educated are an exception in

this respect, putting democratic values in first position (43%), before the euro (35%).

The importance of democratic values as an element of European identity is influenced by

education and age. Those who left education at 20 or beyond mention democratic values

much more often than those who left school at 15 or earlier (43% versus 23%).

Regarding age, those aged 40-54 mentioned democratic values more often (35%) than

the youngest respondents (27%).


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The importance of geography as an element of European identity is influenced slightly by

gender, education and age. More men (24%) than women (20%) mention geography as

an element of European identity, as do more of those who were educated until the age of

20 or beyond (25%) compared with those who left school at the age of 15 or earlier

(20%). The older respondents, 55+, mention geography less often (20%) than those in

the 15-24 and 25-39 age groups (23% each) and those aged 40-54 (25%).

Young interviewees attribute more importance to symbols – the flag, the hymn and the

motto 'unity in diversity' – as elements of European identity. Some 17% of those aged

15-24 mention this aspect, as compared to 12% of those aged 25-39, 10% of those aged

40-54 and 8% of the oldest respondents 55+.

In terms of 'New Europeans' there appear to be no significant differences regarding

important elements of European identity, except that democratic values are mentioned

more often by 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' (36%) and 'New Europeans by

openness alone' (38%) than by 'Old Europeans' (30%).


99

Importance of European identity

Respondents were then asked to indicate how important it is for them to be European27.

Almost six in ten (58%) of respondents indicate that being European matters to them,

whereas four in ten (40%) say it does not matter.

Compared to the last time this question was asked (Standard Eurobarometer 71, spring

2009), the proportion of those to whom it matters ‘a lot’ increased from 15% to 18% (+3

points), at the expense of those to whom it matters ‘somewhat’, which declined from

43% to 40% (-3 points). On the other hand, the proportion of respondents saying that it

does not matter to them ‘at all’ increased from 13% to 15% (+2 points). Opinion thus

seems slightly more polarised than in June 2009.

27QB3 Thinking now about the fact that you are European, how important is being European to you personally?

Being European…


100

At the national level, the highest percentages of respondents to whom ‘being European’

matters personally are found in Italy (82%), Hungary (76%), Luxembourg (74%), the

Czech Republic (73%), Slovakia (73%), Austria (72%), and Finland (70%). At the other

end of the scale, the lowest percentages are recorded in the United Kingdom (34%) and

Latvia (39%).

A comparison with the spring 2009 national results shows that the Member States with

growing proportions of respondents to whom ‘being European’ matters are Italy, with a

great leap from 58% to 82% (+24 points), Austria, up from 64% to 72% (+8 points) and

Hungary, up from 71% to 76% (+5 points).

Seventeen Member States saw a decline in the perceived importance of being European,

with the largest falls in Estonia, down from 73% to 54% (-19 points), Denmark, down

from 75% to 56% (-19 points), Cyprus, down from 64% to 48% (-16 points) and

Slovenia, down from 74% to 58% (-16 points).


101

Socio-demographic analysis reveals that education and occupation are of influence:

the more educated, the more it matters to be European. Indeed, 65% of those who

studied until the age of 20 or beyond and 63% of the self-employed and white-collar

workers indicate that it matters to them personally, as compared to 53% of those who

finished school at the age of 15 or earlier, 55% of the manual workers, and 51% of the

unemployed.

No significant differences were found between 'New Europeans' and 'Old Europeans' in

terms of their opinion on the importance of being European.

*****

Generally speaking, attitudes towards identity vary from country to country but also

between socio-demographic groups, such as those with different levels of education.

However, it seems that being an 'Old European' or a 'New European' has only a limited

impact on attitudes and opinions regarding European identity, and this is an important

finding of this survey.


102

CONCLUSION

In the light of a general interest in European connectedness or 'Europeanness', the

purpose of this study was to gain insight in the concept of 'New Europeans': people who

live in the EU and have connections with more than just the country where they reside.

The first challenge was to identify these 'New Europeans' and then to gain insight into the

varying degrees of connectedness, which involves diverse and complex connections.

This report approached connectedness from four angles: different types of connection,

Europeans’ plans to emigrate, feelings of attachment to places and belonging to groups,

and identity.

Four different types of connectedness were discerned:

Firstly, varying degrees of connectedness may exist through family descent. One

in fourteen Europeans were born in a country other than their country of

residence, one in ten have at least one parent born abroad, and one in eight have

at least one grandparent born abroad. Symmetrically, around two out of ten

Europeans have at least one grandparent who was born with a different

citizenship than that of the respondent’s country of residence.

Secondly, personal relationships with people from or in other countries appear

to be the most widespread type of connection within Europe among those

analysed in this survey. Four in ten Europeans have close friends living in another

country, more than a quarter have close friends who came from abroad and/or

close relatives – brothers, sisters, children, parents – who live abroad. One out of

twelve Europeans live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship than

their own.

Thirdly, personal experiences abroad are less widespread, but significant.

Almost one in eight Europeans have worked abroad, one in twelve have studied

abroad, and one in ten have lived abroad for other reasons. Finally, one in thirty

Europeans own a real property abroad.

Fourthly, socio-cultural links with other countries are widespread. More than

one-third of Europeans regularly eat food typical of another country, follow news,

cultural life or sports from another country, are fluent in at least one foreign

language or regularly spend holidays or weekends abroad.


103

More than one in ten Europeans plan to move to another country within the next ten

years, half of them expecting to move to another EU Member State. On this question,

being 'Old European' or 'New European' influences respondents’ attitudes significantly:

for 'New Europeans by ancestry alone', moving abroad is more likely (15%), and even

more so for 'New Europeans by openness alone' (19%). By contrast, only one in twenty

'Old Europeans' expect to move to another country.

Around half of Europeans feel some attachment to a country other than the country in

which they live. Around two in three 'New Europeans by ancestry alone', and close to

three in four 'New Europeans by openness alone' feel attached to at least one country

other than their country of residence, compared to 41% of the 'Old Europeans'.

Analysis of attachment at different geographical levels shows that national attachment is

by far the strongest. More than nine in ten Europeans feel attachment to their own

country (of residence). This is followed at some distance by regional or even more local

attachment (city/town/village). Attachment to the EU is mentioned by slightly more than

one in two Europeans, thus less frequently than attachment to the lower geographical

levels in all EU Member States. Nevertheless, attachment to the EU has increased since

2007, but so did national attachment. 'New Europeans by openness alone' are more likely

to feel attachment to the EU than 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' and 'Old Europeans'.

Europeans’ strength of attachment to their own country (of residence) is far stronger

than that to their other favoured countries: there is no exception to this pattern, which is

seen in all Member States and among all socio-demographic categories. Both types of

'New Europeans' feel stronger attachment to their other favoured countries than 'Old

Europeans' do, but all three types of Europeans are still most attached to their own

country.

A general pattern emerged regarding respondents’ attachment to specific countries other

than their country of residence, reflecting common historical-cultural (language) factors

or merely geographical proximity. The top three reasons for attachment to other

countries are spending holidays there, followed by having close friends and close

relatives who live in that other country. 'New Europeans by ancestry' mostly mention

holidays and close relatives abroad, while 'New Europeans by openness' more frequently

mention having friends living there as reasons for attachment to another country.


104

Turning to feelings of belonging to a group, seven in ten Europeans feel that they belong

to a majority group and almost one in ten feel they belong to a minority group: similar

proportions are seen when it comes to the way respondents feel they are perceived by

others. 'New Europeans by ancestry alone' are also more likely to feel that they belong to

a minority group than 'New Europeans by openness alone' or 'Old Europeans'.

Europeans’ own feelings and their feelings about other people’s perception of reasons to

belong to a specific group emphasise the importance of language, culture, values and

lifestyle. There are no differences in this respect between 'Old Europeans' and 'New

Europeans'.

Both national identity and European identity were explored. By far the most important

element that makes up Europeans’ national identity is to be born in their country. This is

followed by four equally important factors: mastering the national language, feeling of

that nationality, sharing cultural traditions and exercising citizens’ rights, for example

voting. In general, national identity seems to have changed since spring 2009 in the

sense that the emphasis on the more elusive, subjective concepts (feeling, sharing,

believing) is diminishing, whereas there is a growing emphasis on the more objective,

concrete concepts (birthplaces of respondents and their parents, place of upbringing,

language skills and civil rights).

'New Europeans' attach less importance to being born in their country as a determinant

of national identity and more on exercising citizens’ rights than 'Old Europeans'. 'New

Europeans by openness' most often mention the sharing of cultural traditions and feeling

of the appropriate nationality as important aspects of national identity, whereas 'New

Europeans by ancestry' identify mastering the national language of their country of

residence.

Elements that make up European identity are clearly the single currency and democratic

values, particularly in the euro area and in Member States that have joined the EU since

2004. These are followed at some distance by geography, common culture and shared

history. Six in ten Europeans say that being European is important to them, the same as

in spring 2009.

Regarding 'Old Europeans' and 'New Europeans', there are no significant differences in

the context of European identity, the only exception being that 'New Europeans' consider

democratic values to be more important as an element of European identity than 'Old

Europeans' do.


105

Overall, the most widespread type of connection with another country is through

personal relationships (close relatives or friends that come from or live in another

country). However, the other types of connectedness with other countries are not

insignificant. Regardless of their type of connection across borders, 'New Europeans'’

attitudes and opinions differ from those of 'Old Europeans' in the sense that they are

much more attached to countries other than their own, and more tempted to move

abroad in the coming years. However, when it comes to identity – national and European

- the differences between 'New Europeans' and 'Old Europeans' are relatively limited and

sometimes even insignificant.

ANNEXES

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

EUROBAROMETER SPECIAL N° 346 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Between the 12th of March and the 1st of April 2010, TNS Opinion & Social, a consortium created between TNS plc and TNS opinion, carried out the wave 73.3 of the EUROBAROMETER, on request of the EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Directorate-General for Communication, “Research and Political Analysis”. The SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER N° 346 is part of the wave 73.3 and covers the population of the respective nationalities of the European Union Member States, resident in each of the Member States and aged 15 years and over. The basic sample design applied in all states is a multi-stage, random (probability) one. In each country, a number of sampling points was drawn with probability proportional to population size (for a total coverage of the country) and to population density.

In order to do so, the sampling points were drawn systematically from each of the "administrative regional units", after stratification by individual unit and type of area. They thus represent the whole territory of the countries surveyed according to the EUROSTAT NUTS II (or equivalent) and according to the distribution of the resident population of the respective nationalities in terms of metropolitan, urban and rural areas. In each of the selected sampling points, a starting address was drawn, at random. Further addresses (every Nth address) were selected by standard "random route" procedures, from the initial address. In each household, the respondent was drawn, at random (following the "closest birthday rule"). All interviews were conducted face-to-face in people's homes and in the appropriate national language. As far as the data capture is concerned, CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) was used in those countries where this technique was available.

ABBREVIATIONS COUNTRIES INSTITUTES N°

INTERVIEWS FIELDWORK

DATES POPULATION

15+

BE Belgium TNS Dimarso 1.030 14/03/10 01/04/10 8.866.411 BG Bulgaria TNS BBSS 1.001 12/03/10 21/03/10 6.584.957 CZ Czech Rep. TNS Aisa 1.000 13/03/10 28/03/10 8.987.535 DK Denmark TNS Gallup DK 1.026 15/03/10 30/03/10 4.533.420 DE Germany TNS Infratest 1.481 12/03/10 30/03/10 64.545.601 EE Estonia Emor 1.000 12/03/10 29/03/10 916.000 IE Ireland MRBI 1.000 12/03/10 28/03/10 3.375.399 EL Greece TNS ICAP 1.000 12/03/10 28/03/10 8.693.566 ES Spain TNS Demoscopia 1.004 16/03/10 29/03/10 39.035.867 FR France TNS Sofres 1.008 12/03/10 29/03/10 47.620.942 IT Italy TNS Infratest 1.038 12/03/10 27/03/10 51.252.247 CY Rep. of Cyprus Synovate 507 13/03/10 29/03/10 651.400 LV Latvia TNS Latvia 1.005 13/03/10 29/03/10 1.448.719 LT Lithuania TNS Gallup Lithuania 1.016 12/03/10 25/03/10 2.849.359 LU Luxembourg TNS ILReS 520 12/03/10 26/03/10 404.907 HU Hungary TNS Hungary 1.030 12/03/10 28/03/10 8.320.614 MT Malta MISCO 500 12/03/10 28/03/10 335.476 NL Netherlands TNS NIPO 1.000 12/03/10 30/03/10 13.288.200 AT Austria Österreichisches Gallup-Institut 1.000 12/03/10 28/03/10 6.973.277 PL Poland TNS OBOP 1.000 13/03/10 29/03/10 32.306.436 PT Portugal TNS EUROTESTE 1.024 16/03/10 29/03/10 8.080.915 RO Romania TNS CSOP 1.022 12/03/10 23/03/10 18.246.731 SI Slovenia RM PLUS 1.015 12/03/10 29/03/10 1.748.308 SK Slovakia TNS AISA SK 1.030 13/03/10 28/03/10 4.549.954 FI Finland TNS Gallup Oy 1.001 15/03/10 31/03/10 4.412.321 SE Sweden TNS GALLUP 1.015 12/03/10 30/03/10 7.723.931 UK United Kingdom TNS UK 1.329 12/03/10 28/03/10 51.081.866

TOTAL EU27 26.602 12/03/10 01/04/10 406.834.359

For each country a comparison between the sample and the universe was carried out. The Universe description was derived from Eurostat population data or from national statistics offices. For all countries surveyed, a national weighting procedure, using marginal and intercellular weighting, was carried out based on this Universe description. In all countries, gender, age, region and size of locality were introduced in the iteration procedure. For international weighting (i.e. EU averages), TNS Opinion & Social applies the official population figures as provided by EUROSTAT or national statistic offices. The total population figures for input in this post-weighting procedure are listed above. Readers are reminded that survey results are estimations, the accuracy of which, everything being equal, rests upon the sample size and upon the observed percentage. With samples of about 1,000 interviews, the real percentages vary within the following confidence limits:

Observed percentages 10% or 90% 20% or 80% 30% or 70% 40% or 60% 50%

Confidence limits ± 1.9 points ± 2.5 points ± 2.7 points ± 3.0 points ± 3.1 points

QUESTIONNAIRE

QB1 QB1

(469-481) (469-481)1, 1,2, 2,3, 3,4, 4,5, 5,

6, 6,

7, 7,

8, 8,9, 9,

10, 10,11, 11,12, 12,13, 13,

Aucun (SPONTANE)NSP

EB71.3 QE2

Exercer ses droits de citoyen(ne) comme par exemple voter en (NOTRE PAYS)Avoir été élevé(e) en (NOTRE PAYS)Etre actif(ve) dans une association ou une organisation en (NOTRE PAYS)

Autre (SPONTANE)

Avoir au moins un parent (NATIONALITE)Se sentir (NATIONALITE)(UNIQUEMENT AUX PAYS POSSEDANT UNE SEULE LANGUE NATIONALE) Maîtriser le (LANGUE NATIONALE)(UNIQUEMENT AUX PAYS AYANT PLUSIEURS LANGUES NATIONALES) Maîtriser une des langues officielles de (NOTRE PAYS)

(MONTRER CARTE – LIRE – ROTATION – MAX. 3 REPONSES)

Etre chrétien(ne)Partager les traditions culturelles (NATIONALITE)Etre né(e) en (NOTRE PAYS)

Passons à un autre sujet

Nous souhaiterions en savoir plus sur la diversité des gens qui vivent en Europe, leurs origines, leur sentiment d’identité, leurs liens avec d’autres pays et d’autres cultures. Voici quelques questions sur le sentiment d’identité nationale et européenne.

Les gens ont des opinions différentes sur ce que signifie être (NATIONALITE). Selon vous, parmi les éléments suivants, lesquels pensez-vous être les caractéristiques les plus importantes pour être (NATIONALITE) ?

None (SPONTANEOUS)DK

EB71.3 QE2

To exercise citizens' rights, for example voting in (OUR COUNTRY)

To have been brought up in (OUR COUNTRY)Being active in any association or organization in (OUR COUNTRY)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

To have at least one (NATIONALITY) parents To feel (NATIONALITY)(ONLY TO UNILANGUAGE COUNTRIES) To master (COUNTRY LANGUAGE) (ONLY TO MULTILANGUAGE COUNTRIES) To master one of the official languages of (OUR COUNTRY)

(SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ROTATE – MAX. 3 ANSWERS)

To be a ChristianTo share (NATIONALITY) cultural traditions To be born in (OUR COUNTRY)

Let's talk about another topic

We would like to find out more about the diversity of people living in Europe, their origins, their sense of identity, their connections to other countries and cultures. Here are some questions on your sense of national and European identity.

People differ in what they think it means to be (NATIONALITY). In your view, among the following, what do you think are the most important characteristics to be (NATIONALITY)?

EB0733 - ENFR - Master Prep with columns 41/71 25/02/2010

QB2 QB2

(482-492) (482-492)1, 1,2, 2,3, 3,4, 4,5, 5,6, 6,7, 7,

8, 8,9, 9,

10, 10,11, 11,

QB3 QB3

(493) (493)1 12 23 34 45 5

N'est pas du tout important pour vousNSP

EB69.2 QB4

(LIRE – UNE SEULE REPONSE)

Est très important pour vousEst plutôt important pour vousN'est plutôt pas important pour vous

NSP

EB71.3 QE1 TREND MODIFIED

En pensant maintenant au fait que vous êtes Européen(ne), dans quelle mesure être Européen(ne) est important pour vous personnellement ? Etre Européen(ne) … (M)

La monnaie unique, l’euro (N)Des symboles : le drapeau, l’hymne et la devise (« L’unité dans la diversité ») (N)Autre (SPONTANE)Aucun/ L’identité européenne n’existe pas (SPONTANE)

Des valeurs démocratiquesUn haut niveau de protection socialeUne culture communeUn héritage religieux commun

A votre avis, quels sont les deux éléments les plus importants qui constituent l’identité européenne ?


Une histoire communeLa géographie

Does not matter at all to youDK

EB69.2 QB4

(READ OUT – ONE ANSWER ONLY)

Matters a lot to youMatters somewhat to youDoes not matter much to you

DK

EB71.3 QE1 TREND MODIFIED

Thinking now about the fact that you are European, how important is being European to you personally? Being European…(M)

The single currency, the Euro (N)Symbols: flag, hymn and motto (“unity in diversity”) (N)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)None/ There is no European identity (SPONTANEOUS)

Democratic valuesA high level of social protectionCommon cultureCommon religious heritage

In your opinion, which of the following are the two most important elements that go to make up a European identity?


Common historyGeography


QB4 QB4

(OUR

COUNTRY) or

a plac

e that is

part of

(OUR

COUNTRY)

today

Another

country

that is

today a

member of

the EU

Another

country in Europe,

including Turkey, but

not a member of

the EU

USA, Canada, Japa

n, Australia or

New Zealand

Another

country

outside

Europe

Refusal (SPONTANEOUS

)

DK En (NOTRE PAYS) ou un

endroit qui fait

maintena

nt partie de (NOTRE PAYS)

Dans un

autre pays qui est

actuelle

ment un

Etat membre de

l’UE

Dans un

autre pays en

Europe,

Turquie

inclus,

mais pas un

membre de

l’UE

Aux Etats-Unis,

au Canada, au

Japon, en Australie ou en

Nouvelle Zélande

Dans un

autre pays en

dehors de l’Europe

Refus

(SPONTANE

)

NSP

(494) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (494) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7(495) 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (495) 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7(496) 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (496) 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(497)4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(497)4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(498)5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(498)5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(499)6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(499)6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(500)7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(500)7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Votre grand-mère paternelle est née

Votre grand-père paternel est né

NEW

Votre mère est néeVotre père est néVotre grand-mère maternelle est née

Votre grand-père maternel est né

Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille.

(MONTRER CARTE AVEC ECHELLE – UNE REPONSE PAR LIGNE)

(LIRE)

Vous êtes né(e)

(ENQ. : Veuillez coder selon la situation actuelle du pays, par exemple, si le pays n’existe plus ou a changé de nom ou d’appartenance)

Your grandmother on your father’s side was born inYour grandfather on your father’s side was born in

NEW

Your mother was born inYour father was born inYour grandmother on your mother’s side was born in Your grandfather on your mother’s side was born in

I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born.

(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)

(READ OUT)

You were born in

(INT.: Please code according to what the country is now for example, if the country no longer exists or has changed name or ownership)


QB5 QB5

(501) (501)1 12 23 34 45 56 6NSP

NEW

2 grands-parents 3 grands-parents4 grands-parentsAucun

(ENQ. : Veuillez coder selon la situation actuelle de la citoyenneté, par exemple si le pays n’existe plus ou a changé de nom ou d’appartenance)

Pourriez-vous me dire combien, parmi vos 4 grands-parents, sont nés citoyens(nes) de (NOTRE PAYS) ?


1 grand-parent

Nous venons de parler des pays dans lesquels vos grands-parents sont nés. Nous allons maintenant parler de leur citoyenneté lorsqu’ils sont nés.

DK

NEW

2 grandparents 3 grandparents4 grandparentsNone

(INT.: Please code according to what the citizenship is now, for example, if the country no longer exists or has changed name or ownership)

Could you please tell me how many of your 4 grandparents were born as a citizen of (OUR COUNTRY)?


1 grandparent

We just discussed about the country where your grandparents were born. Let’s now speak about their citizenship when they were born.


QB6 QB6

(502)

1

(502)

1

(503)

2

(503)

2

(504)

3

(504)

3

(505)

4

(505)

4

(506)

5

(506)

5

(507)

6

(507)

6

(508)

7

(508)

7

(509)

8

(509)

8

4

Vous avez vécu dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) pendant au moins trois mois consécutifs pour des raisons autres que pour y faire des études ou y travailler

1 2 3 4

Vous êtes allé(e) à l’école ou avez étudié pendant au moins un semestre dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3

4

Vous avez travaillé (y compris comme volontaire ou stagiaire) pendant au moins trois mois consécutifs dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3 4

Vous parlez couramment au moins une autre langue que (LANGUE INTERVIEW)

1 2 3

4

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e) partenaire d’une autre citoyenneté que la vôtre

1 2 3 4

Vous avez des amis proches en (NOTRE PAYS) qui se sont installés ici venant d’un autre pays

1 2 3

4

Vous avez des amis proches qui vivent dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3 4

Vous avez des parents proches (frères, sœurs, enfants, parents) qui vivent dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3

Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas.

(UNE REPONSE PAR LIGNE)

(LIRE) Oui Non Refus (SPONTA

NE)

NSP

Nous nous intéressons également à d’autres types de liens que les gens peuvent avoir avec d’autres pays.

4

You have lived for reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3 4

You have attended school or studied for at least half an academic year in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3

4

You have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3 4

You are fluent in at least one other language than (INTERVIEW LANGUAGE)

1 2 3

4

You live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship than your own

1 2 3 4

You have close friends in (OUR COUNTRY) who have moved here from abroad

1 2 3

4

You have close friends who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3 4

You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3

For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not.

(ONE ANSWER PER LINE)

(READ OUT) Yes No Refusal (SPONTANEOUS)

DK

We are also interested in other types of connections people may have with other countries.


(510)

9

(510)

9

(511)

10

(511)

10

(512)

11

(512)

11

(513)

12

(513)

12

NEW

4

A la maison, vous mangez régulièrement des plats qui sont typiques d’un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3 4

Vous suivez régulièrement l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3

4

Vous passez régulièrement vos vacances/ week-ends dans un pays en particulier autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

1 2 3 4

Vous possédez un(des) bien(s) immobilier(s) dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) (sauf timesharing)

1 2 3

NEW

4

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3 4

You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3

4

You regularly spend your holidays/weekends in one particular country other than (OUR COUNTRY)

1 2 3 4

You own real property/ properties in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) (not timesharing)

1 2 3


QB7a QB7a

QB7b QB7b

(514-544) (545-575) (514-544) (545-575)

EB64.3 D48a&b&c&d TREND MODIFIED

Aucune 30, 30,NSP 31, 31,

Turc 28, 28,Autre (SPECIFIER) 29, 29,

Suédois 26, 26,Tchèque 27, 27,

Slovaque 24, 24,Slovène 25, 25,

Roumain 22, 22,Russe 23, 23,

Polonais 20, 20,Portugais 21, 21,

Maltais 18, 18,Néerlandais 19, 19,

Lituanien 16, 16,Luxembourgeois 17, 17,

Italien 14, 14,Letton 15, 15,

Grec 12, 12,Hongrois 13, 13,

Finnois 10, 10,Français 11, 11,

Espagnol 8, 8,Estonien 9, 9,

Chinois 6, 6,Danois 7, 7,

Bulgare 4, 4,Catalan 5, 5,

Anglais 2, 2,Arabe 3, 3,

LANGUE(S) MATERNELLE(

S)

AUTRE(S) LANGUE(S)

Allemand 1, 1,

(NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

(NE PAS LIRE) QB7a QB7b

Quelle(s) est(sont) votre(vos) langue(s) maternelle(s) ?

Et quelle(s) autre(s) langue(s) parlez-vous suffisamment bien pour pouvoir avoir une conversation ?

EB64.3 D48a&b&c&d TREND MODIFIED

None 30, 30,DK 31, 31,

Turkish 28, 28,Other (SPECIFY) 29, 29,

Swedish 26, 26,Czech 27, 27,

Slovak 24, 24,Slovenian 25, 25,

Romanian 22, 22,Russian 23, 23,

Polish 20, 20,Portuguese 21, 21,

Maltese 18, 18,Dutch 19, 19,

Lithuanian 16, 16,Luxembourgish 17, 17,

Italian 14, 14,Latvian 15, 15,

Greek 12, 12,Hungarian 13, 13,

Finnish 10, 10,French 11, 11,

Spanish 8, 8,Estonian 9, 9,

Chinese 6, 6,Danish 7, 7,

Bulgarian 4, 4,Catalan 5, 5,

English 2, 2,Arabic 3, 3,

MONTHER TONGUE(S)

OTHER LANGUAGE(S)

German 1, 1,

(DO NOT SHOW CARD – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

(DO NOT READ OUT) QB7a QB7b

What is(are) your mother tongue(s)?

And what other language(s) do you speak well enough to be able to have a conversation?


QB7ao QB7ao

2 2 (576,577-580) 2 2 (576,577-580)

QB7bo QB7bo

10 2 (581,582-601) 10 2 (581,582-601)

NEW

Quelle(s) autre(s)?

(NE PAS LIRE – NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

(NE PAS LIRE – NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

NEW

POSER QB7bo SI “AUTRE”, CODE 29 EN QB7b

POSER QB7ao SI “AUTRE”, CODE 29 EN QB7a

Quelle(s) autre(s) ?

NEW

Which other(s)?

(DO NOT READ OUT – DO NOT SHOW THE CARD – MULTIPLE ASNWERS POSSIBLE)

(DO NOT READ OUT – DO NOT SHOW THE CARD – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

NEW

ASK QB7bo IF "OTHER", CODE 29 IN QB7b

ASK QB7ao IF "OTHER", CODE 29 IN QB7a

Which other(s)?


QB8 QB8

(602) (602)1 12 23 34 45 5

QB9 QB9

(603) (603)1 1

2 2

3 34 45 5

NEW

Un autre pays en Europe, Turquie inclus, mais pas un membre de l’UE

Aux Etats-Unis, au Canada, au Japon, en Australie ou en Nouvelle Zélande

Un autre pays en dehors de l’Europe NSP

Et si vous deviez déménager, où est-ce que ça serait ?

(MONTRER CARTE – LIRE – UNE SEULE REPONSE)

Un autre pays qui est actuellement un Etat membre de l’UE

Pas du tout probableNSP

NEW

POSER QB9 SI “DEMENAGEMENT PROBABLE DANS UN AUTRE PAYS”, CODE 1 OU 2 EN QB8 – LES AUTRES ALLER EN QB10a


Très probablePlutôt probablePlutôt pas probable

A TOUS

Quelle est la probabilité pour que dans les dix prochaines années vous déménagiez dans un autre pays pour y vivre ?

NEW

Another country in Europe, including Turkey, but not a member of the EU

USA, Canada, Japan, Australia or New Zealand

Another country outside Europe DK

And if you were to move, where would it be to?

(SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER ONLY)

Another country that is today a member of the EU

Not at all likelyDK

NEW

ASK QB9 IF “LIKELY TO MOVE TO ANOTHER COUNTRY”, CODE 1 OR 2 IN QB8 – OTHERS GO TO QB10a


Very likelyFairly likelyNot very likely

ASK ALL

How likely do you think it is that you will move to another country within the next ten years, to live there?


QB10a QB10a

QB10b QB10b

(604-634) (635-665) (604-634) (635-665)

EB60.1 Q42 TREND MODIFIED

Aucun 30, 30,NSP 31, 31,

Turquie 28, 28,Autre (SPECIFIER) 29, 29,

Russie 26, 26,Chine 27, 27,

Algérie 24, 24,Albanie 25, 25,

Israël 22, 22,Maroc 23, 23,

Royaume-Uni 20, 20,Etats-Unis 21, 21,

Suède 18, 18,Pays-Bas 19, 19,

Slovaquie 16, 16,Espagne 17, 17,

Portugal 14, 14,Roumanie 15, 15,

Italie 12, 12,Pologne 13, 13,

Hongrie 10, 10,Irlande 11, 11,

Allemagne 8, 8,Grèce 9, 9,

Finlande 6, 6,France 7, 7,

République tchèque 4, 4,Danemark 5, 5,

Belgique 2, 2,Bulgarie 3, 3,

EN PREMIER EN SECONDAutriche 1, 1,

Et en second ?

(NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – UNE REPONSE PAR COLONNE)

(NE PAS LIRE) QB10a QB10b

A TOUS

A quel pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) vous sentez vous le plus attaché(e) ? En premier ?

EB60.1 Q42 TREND MODIFIED

None 30, 30,DK 31, 31,

Turkey 28, 28,Other (SPECIFY) 29, 29,

Russia 26, 26,China 27, 27,

Algeria 24, 24,Albania 25, 25,

Israël 22, 22,Morocco 23, 23,

United Kingdom 20, 20,United States 21, 21,

Sweden 18, 18,The Netherlands 19, 19,

Slovakia 16, 16,Spain 17, 17,

Portugal 14, 14,Romania 15, 15,

Italy 12, 12,Poland 13, 13,

Hungary 10, 10,Ireland 11, 11,

Germany 8, 8,Greece 9, 9,

Finland 6, 6,France 7, 7,

Czech Republic 4, 4,Denmark 5, 5,

Belgium 2, 2,Bulgaria 3, 3,

FIRSTLY SECONDLYAustria 1, 1,

And secondly?

(DO NOT SHOW CARD – ONE ANSWER PER COLUMN)

(DO NOT READ OUT) QB10a QB10b

ASK ALL

Which country other than (OUR COUNTRY) do you feel the most attached to? Firstly?


QB10ao QB10ao

1 2 (666,667-668) 1 2 (666,667-668)

QB10bo QB10bo

1 2 (669,670-671) 1 2 (669,670-671)

NEW

Quel autre ?

(NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – NE PAS LIRE – UNE SEULE REPONSE)

NEW

ASK QB10bo IF “OTHER”, CODE 29 IN QB10b

POSER QB10ao SI “AUTRE”, CODE 29 EN QB10a

Quel autre ?

NEW

Which other?

(DO NOT READ OUT – DO NOT SHOW THE CARD – ONE ANSWER ONLY)

(DO NOT READ OUT – DO NOT SHOW THE CARD – ONE ANSWER ONLY)

NEW

ASK QB10bo IF "OTHER", CODE 29 IN QB10b

ASK Q107ao IF "OTHER", CODE 29 IN QB10a

Which other?


QB11 QB11

(672-686) (672-686)

1, 1,2, 2,

3, 3,4, 4,

5, 5,6, 6,

7, 7,8, 8,9, 9,

10, 10,

11, 11,12, 12,13, 13,14, 14,15, 15,

NEW

Vous êtes né(e) ou vous avez vécu dans ce paysAutre (SPONTANE)Pas de raison particulière (SPONTANE)NSP

Vous possédez un(des) bien(s) immobilier(s) dans ce paysVous passez régulièrement vos vacances/ week-ends dans ce paysVous suivez régulièrement l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport dans ce paysA la maison, vous mangez régulièrement des plats typiques de ce pays

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e) partenaire venant de ce paysVous avez travaillé (y compris comme volontaire ou stagiaire) dans ce pays

Vous avez étudié dans ce paysVous avez vécu dans ce pays pour d’autres raisons que professionnelles ou pour y faire des études


Vous avez des parents proches (frères, sœurs, enfants, parents) qui vivent dans ce paysVous avez des amis proches qui vivent dans ce paysVous avez des amis proches qui sont venus de ce pays pour s’installer ici

POSER QB11 SI “SE SENT ATTACHE A UN AUTRE PAYS”, CODE 1 A 29 EN QB10a – LES AUTRES ALLER EN QB13

Et quelles sont les trois raisons principales de votre attachement à (PAYS QB10a) ?

NEW

You were born in this country or you lived there beforeOther (SPONTANEOUS)No particular reason (SPONTANEOUS)DK

You own real property/ properties in this countryYou regularly spend your holidays/ weekends in this countryYou regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from this country

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of this country

You live or have lived with a partner from this countryYou have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) in this country

You have studied in this countryYou have lived for reasons other than study or work in this country


You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in this countryYou have close friends who live in this countryYou have close friends who have moved here from this country

ASK QB11 IF “FEEL ATTACHED TO ANOTHER COUNTRY”, CODE 1 TO 29 IN QB10a – OTHERS GO TO QB13

And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10a)?


QB12 QB12

(687-701) (687-701)

1, 1,2, 2,

3, 3,4, 4,

5, 5,6, 6,

7, 7,8, 8,9, 9,

10, 10,

11, 11,12, 12,13, 13,14, 14,15, 15,

NEW

Vous êtes né(e) ou vous avez vécu dans ce paysAutre (SPONTANE)Pas de raison particulière (SPONTANE)NSP

Vous possédez un(des) bien(s) immobilier(s) dans ce paysVous passez régulièrement vos vacances/ week-ends dans ce paysVous suivez régulièrement l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport dans ce paysA la maison, vous mangez régulièrement des plats typiques de ce pays

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e) partenaire venant de ce paysVous avez travaillé (y compris comme volontaire ou stagiaire) dans ce pays

Vous avez étudié dans ce paysVous avez vécu dans ce pays pour d’autres raisons que professionnelles ou pour y faire des études


Vous avez des parents proches (frères, sœurs, enfants, parents) qui vivent dans ce paysVous avez des amis proches qui vivent dans ce paysVous avez des amis proches qui sont venus de ce pays pour s’installer ici

ASK QB12 IF “FEEL ATTACHED TO A SECOND OTHER COUNTRY”, CODE 1 TO 29 IN QB10b – OTHERS GO TO QB13

Et quelles sont les trois raisons principales de votre attachement à (PAYS QB10b) ?

NEW

You were born in this country or you lived there beforeOther (SPONTANEOUS)No particular reason (SPONTANEOUS)DK

You own real property/ properties in this countryYou regularly spend your holidays/ weekends in this countryYou regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from this country

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of this country

You live or have lived with a partner from this countryYou have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) in this country

You have studied in this countryYou have lived for reasons other than study or work in this country


You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in this countryYou have close friends who live in this countryYou have close friends who have moved here from this country

ASK QB12 IF “FEEL ATTACHED TO A SECOND OTHER COUNTRY”, CODE 1 TO 29 IN QB10b – OTHERS GO TO QB13

And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10b)?


QB13 QB13

(702)1

(702)1

(703)

2

(703)

2

(704)3

(704)3

(705)

4

(705)

4

(706) 5 (706) 5(707) 6 (707) 6(708) 7 (708) 7(709) 8 (709) 8 4 5

EB68.1 QA10 + EB67.1 QA14 (items 3,4) TREND MODIFIED

L’Union européenne 1 2 3

4 5(PAYS QB10b) (N) 1 2 3 4 5(PAYS QB10a) (N) 1 2 3

4 5

(NOTRE PAYS) 1 2 3 4 5

(UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT B) La région où vous vivez (M)

1 2 3

4 5

(UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT A) Votre région

1 2 3 4 5

(UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT B) La ville ou le village dans lequel vous vivez (M)

1 2 3

Pas du tout

attaché(e)

NSP

(UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT A) Votre ville ou village

1 2 3 4 5

(LIRE) Très attaché(e)

Assez attaché(e)

Pas très attaché(e)

A TOUS

Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à …


4 5

EB68.1 QA10 + EB67.1 QA14 (items 3,4) TREND MODIFIED

The European Union 1 2 3

4 5(COUNTRY QB10b) (N) 1 2 3 4 5(COUNTRY QB10a) (N) 1 2 3

4 5

(OUR COUNTRY) 1 2 3 4 5

(ONLY TO SPLIT B) The region where you live (M)

1 2 3

4 5

(ONLY TO SPLIT A) Your region

1 2 3 4 5

(ONLY TO SPLIT B) The city/ town/ village where you live (M)

1 2 3

Not at all attached

DK

(ONLY TO SPLIT A) Your city/ town/ village

1 2 3 4 5

(READ OUT) Very attached

Fairly attached

Not very attached

ASK ALL

People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to…

(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE - ONE ANSWER PER LINE)


QB14 QB14

(710)1

(710)1

(711)

2

(711)

2

NEW (BASED ON EB66.3 QA24)

4 5

Vous avez le sentiment que les gens en (NOTRE PAYS) vous perçoivent généralement comme appartenant à

1 2 3 4 5

Vous avez le sentiment d’appartenir à

1 2 3

Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, pouvez-vous me dire laquelle de ces situations s’applique à vous.


(LIRE) Un des groupes

majoritaires en

(NOTRE PAYS)

Un des groupes

minoritaires en

(NOTRE PAYS) en termes de religion, de culture ou d’origine ethnique

Ni l’un ni l’autre – Pas de

groupe en particulier (SPONTA

NE)

Refus (SPONTA

NE)

NSP

NEW (BASED ON EB66.3 QA24)

4 5

You have the feeling that people in (OUR COUNTRY) generally perceive you as belonging to

1 2 3 4 5

You have the feeling that you belong to

1 2 3

For each of the following statements, please tell me which situation applies to you.

(SHOW CARD WITH SCALE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE)

(READ OUT) One of the majority

groups in (OUR

COUNTRY)

One of the minority

groups in (OUR

COUNTRY) in terms of religion, culture or

ethnic origin

Neither one nor

the other – No specific

group (SPONTANEOUS)


DK


QB15 QB15

(712-725) (712-725)1, 1,2, 2,3, 3,4, 4,5, 5,6, 6,7, 7,8, 8,9, 9,

10, 10,11, 11,12, 12,13, 13,14, 14,

Refus (SPONTANE)NSP

NEW

POSER QC UNIQUEMENT EN UE27

Votre environnement socialVotre professionVotre culture, vos valeurs, votre mode de vieAutre (SPONTANE)

L’endroit où vous vivezLa couleur de votre peau ou vos origines ethniquesVos vêtements, la façon dont vous vous habillezLa langue que vous parlez, votre accent

Votre apparence ou votre condition physiqueVotre religionVotre nomVotre âge

Sans tenir compte du fait que vous-même ou les autres pensent que vous appartenez à la majorité ou à un groupe minoritaire, pour lesquelles des raisons suivantes, s’il y en a, est-ce que les gens en (NOTRE PAYS) pourraient vous percevoir comme appartenant à un groupe en particulier ? Si vous n’avez pas d’opinion ou préférez ne pas répondre, dites-le moi.

(MONTRER CARTE – LIRE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

Refusal (SPONTANEOUS)DK

NEW

ASK QC ONLY IN EU27

Your social backgroundYour occupationYour culture, values, lifestyleOther (SPONTANEOUS)

The area where you liveYour skin colour or ethnic originYour clothes, the way you are dressedYour language or accent

Your physical condition or appearanceYour religionYour nameYour age

Regardless of whether you or others think that you belong to the majority or to a minority group, for which of the following reasons, if any, could people in (OUR COUNTRY) perceive you as belonging to a specific group? If you have no opinion or prefer not to answer, please say so.

(SHOW CARD – READ OUT – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)


TABLES

Special Eurobarometer 346 – New Europeans

1/2

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3EU 27 9 -1 33 -4 49 7 18 5 34 -8 34 5 33 4

QB1 Les gens ont des opinions différentes sur ce que signifie être (NATIONALITE). Selon vous, parmi les éléments suivants, lesquels pensez-vous être les caractéristiques les plus importantes pour être (NATIONALITE) ? (MAX. 3 REPONSES)


QB1 Die Menschen haben unterschiedliche Ansichten darüber, was es bedeutet, (STAATSANGEHÖRIGER UNSERES LANDES) zu sein. Welche der folgenden sind Ihrer Ansicht nach die wichtigsten Eigenschaften, um (STAATSANGEHÖRIGER UNSERES LANDES) zu sein? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 3 ANTWORTEN)

Etre chrétien(ne)

To be a Christian

Christ zu sein

Partager les traditions culturelles

(NATIONALITE)

To share (NATIONALITY)

cultural traditions

(NATIONALE) kulturelle

Traditionen zu teilen

Etre né(e) en (NOTRE PAYS)

To be born in (OUR

COUNTRY)

In (UNSEREM LAND) geboren

zu sein

Avoir au moins un parent

(NATIONALITE)

To have at least one

(NATIONALITY) parents

Mindestens ein Elternteil zu

haben, das in (UNSEREM LAND)

geboren wurde

Se sentir (NATIONALITE)

To feel (NATIONALITY)

Sich als (STAATSANGEHÖRIGER UNSERES

LANDES) zu fühlen

Maîtriser la (LANGUE

NATIONALE)/une des langues officielles de

(NOTRE PAYS)

To master (COUNTRY

LANGUAGE)/To master one of

the official languages of

(OUR COUNTRY)

Maîtriser la (LANGUE

NATIONALE)/une des langues officielles de

(NOTRE PAYS)

Exercer ses droits de

citoyen(ne) comme par

exemple voter en (NOTRE

PAYS)

To exercise citizens' rights,

for example voting in (OUR

COUNTRY)

Bürgerrechte auszuüben z.B. in (UNSEREM

LAND) zu wählen

BE 3 1 34 7 50 15 15 0 41 4 29 3 36 7

BG 26 2 45 -8 58 5 24 8 48 -14 15 6 27 -5

CZ 2 0 24 -10 56 10 20 6 37 -8 49 12 29 8

DK 5 -1 49 4 25 1 9 2 44 -8 65 9 47 -3

D-W 5 -1 30 -4 38 2 18 5 23 -9 62 5 37 2

DE 4 -2 29 -5 40 1 17 4 24 -6 62 5 36 3

D-E 1 -3 27 -7 46 -4 12 -2 27 4 61 5 31 3

EE 3 0 38 -6 37 4 18 8 51 -3 66 6 24 0

IE 13 -4 30 -11 65 6 24 -1 24 -8 3 -3 29 -1

EL 33 -3 29 -13 51 10 44 15 44 -12 12 6 29 0

ES 3 -2 19 -7 63 3 17 6 42 -10 8 2 20 -1

FR 4 0 41 -7 42 6 18 6 40 -7 43 6 50 1

IT 13 0 40 -2 53 10 15 3 24 -11 19 6 38 16

CY 35 -1 36 -9 64 16 48 15 28 -15 16 3 40 9

LV 6 0 41 4 33 4 9 3 46 -6 37 -1 33 3

LT 12 -1 30 -7 48 12 28 11 34 -20 59 9 21 5

LU 6 4 42 6 41 13 12 3 42 -16 51 0 33 0

HU 6 -3 20 -1 37 7 31 9 63 -5 30 7 33 3

MT 29 0 30 0 68 8 19 6 31 -15 13 -5 31 6

NL 3 -2 37 -3 36 10 11 3 48 -3 58 10 43 3

AT 7 0 41 2 45 0 17 -4 29 -6 53 8 28 0

PL 16 -3 31 -3 45 9 13 2 43 -12 32 5 24 5

PT 5 -2 20 -1 69 15 24 5 31 0 4 -1 21 5

RO 36 2 30 -10 63 14 15 2 26 -12 29 9 23 4

SI 10 1 37 5 41 4 24 10 40 -1 46 -5 33 7

SK 7 -7 20 -7 45 -1 20 4 46 -6 53 2 35 10

FI 10 0 31 -9 48 6 13 4 52 -3 31 5 37 8

SE 2 0 31 -1 22 3 9 3 56 -2 52 1 54 -7

UK 5 -1 36 -2 55 9 21 6 26 -3 22 3 24 -2


2/2

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3EU 27 28 3 3 -2 1 0 1 0 1 -2

QB1 Les gens ont des opinions différentes sur ce que signifie être (NATIONALITE). Selon vous, parmi les éléments suivants, lesquels pensez-vous être les caractéristiques les plus importantes pour être (NATIONALITE) ? (MAX. 3 REPONSES)


QB1 Die Menschen haben unterschiedliche Ansichten darüber, was es bedeutet, (STAATSANGEHÖRIGER UNSERES LANDES) zu sein. Welche der folgenden sind Ihrer Ansicht nach die wichtigsten Eigenschaften, um (STAATSANGEHÖRIGER UNSERES LANDES) zu sein? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 3 ANTWORTEN)

Avoir été élevé(e) en

(NOTRE PAYS)

To have been brought up in

(OUR COUNTRY)

In (UNSEREM LAND)

aufgewachsen zu sein

Etre actif(ve) dans une

association ou une

organisation en (NOTRE PAYS)

Being active in any association or organization

in (OUR COUNTRY)

Aktives Mitglied in einem

Verband oder einer

Organisation in (UNSEREM

LAND) zu sein

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: andere

Aucun (SPONTANE)

None (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: nichts davon

NSP

DK

WN

BE 29 7 4 0 1 0 1 1 1 -17

BG 20 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 1

CZ 41 3 2 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1

DK 22 -4 9 3 1 1 1 1 0 0

D-W 33 3 2 1 0 -1 1 0 1 -2

DE 35 3 1 -1 0 -1 1 0 1 -2

D-E 39 -1 1 -2 0 -1 1 0 1 -2

EE 28 1 5 -1 1 0 0 0 0 -2

IE 39 8 6 -2 1 0 1 1 3 1

EL 14 -8 1 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0

ES 29 6 4 -1 1 0 0 -1 1 -1

FR 17 2 5 -3 2 1 1 1 0 -1

IT 25 1 4 -3 1 1 1 -1 1 -1

CY 19 -7 3 -3 1 1 1 1 0 0

LV 26 3 4 0 0 -2 1 0 1 -1

LT 21 3 3 -2 1 0 1 1 1 -1

LU 16 -6 7 4 1 0 2 0 2 -1

HU 20 -4 4 -3 1 1 0 0 1 0

MT 36 -1 1 -4 0 -1 0 0 0 -2

NL 29 4 8 -1 1 0 0 0 0 -1

AT 39 4 4 0 1 0 1 0 1 1

PL 23 2 1 -2 0 0 0 0 3 0

PT 33 4 1 -3 0 0 1 0 2 -3

RO 24 3 1 -1 1 1 1 0 3 -1

SI 21 -1 3 -1 2 0 0 -1 1 0

SK 33 4 2 -2 0 -1 0 0 0 -1

FI 46 6 4 0 2 2 0 0 1 1

SE 22 7 3 -2 2 1 0 -1 1 0

UK 36 4 6 -1 1 0 0 -2 3 -1


1/2

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3EU 27 17 -7 22 -3 32 -9 13 -11 22 -1 5 -3 36 36

BE 12 -7 13 -6 40 -13 16 -17 20 -1 3 -4 55 55

BG 17 -5 35 -2 28 -8 15 -8 21 -5 4 -1 21 21

CZ 25 1 23 3 31 -12 14 -17 28 5 3 -3 20 20

QB2 A votre avis, quels sont les deux éléments les plus importants qui constituent l’identité européenne ? (MAX. 2 REPONSES)


QB2 Welche der folgenden Faktoren sind Ihrer Ansicht nach die zwei wichtigsten, die die europäische Identität ausmachen? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 2 ANTWORTEN)

Une histoire commune

Common history

Gemeinsame Geschichte

La géographie

Geography

Geographie

Des valeurs démocratiques

Democratic values

Demokratische Werte

Un haut niveau de protection

sociale

A high level of social

protection

Ein hohes Maß an sozialer Sicherheit

Une culture commune

Common culture

Gemeinsame Kultur

Un héritage religieux commun

Common religious heritage

Gemeinsames religiöses Erbe

La monnaie unique, l’euro

The single currency, the

Euro

Die einheitliche Währung, der

Euro

DK 23 -1 17 4 65 -7 24 -12 21 1 3 -2 18 18

D-W 18 -6 18 0 47 -7 20 -14 25 4 4 -4 37 37

DE 17 -7 20 1 45 -7 20 -15 23 3 4 -4 38 38

D-E 14 -10 28 2 38 -8 21 -17 15 -2 3 -3 42 42

EE 12 -9 23 -1 29 -5 23 -8 20 -3 3 -2 34 34

IE 16 -11 26 -8 26 -6 10 -14 19 -6 3 -5 52 52

EL 12 -9 36 -11 19 -14 11 -10 20 -2 9 2 53 53

ES 16 -14 30 -7 16 -14 7 -3 21 -8 2 -2 48 48

FR 14 -12 21 -15 35 -12 9 -12 16 -7 3 -3 59 59

IT 19 -3 16 -3 32 -8 12 -13 30 2 10 0 39 39

CY 11 -8 12 -11 51 -2 19 -13 24 -5 6 -7 49 49

LV 12 -7 34 -16 23 -3 25 3 13 -1 2 -4 31 31

LT 12 2 20 5 34 -10 29 -18 20 3 4 0 26 26

LU 15 -10 19 0 44 -6 17 -19 20 1 2 -5 48 48

HU 33 -2 23 -1 31 -6 14 -10 29 4 5 -2 18 18

MT 4 -9 22 -4 32 -18 16 -15 16 -9 8 -4 45 45

NL 15 -6 28 -3 46 -8 17 -11 13 -5 3 -5 49 49

AT 19 -7 16 -12 40 -3 23 -8 30 3 6 -3 30 30

PL 22 -4 20 -2 18 -9 6 -8 25 -2 11 -3 20 20

PT 14 -7 26 7 18 -8 6 -12 17 -2 2 -3 39 39

RO 27 -5 27 3 23 -7 14 -12 15 -6 9 -3 29 29

SI 12 -15 26 -15 25 -9 10 -10 12 -5 4 -3 61 61

SK 11 -17 19 -18 27 -10 13 -15 14 -7 5 -6 57 57

FI 12 -10 26 -1 36 -12 18 -16 17 -5 4 -6 55 55

SE 14 0 25 8 71 -6 26 -18 15 1 2 -2 17 17

UK 13 -5 24 3 25 -10 10 -9 26 5 5 -3 12 12


2/2

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

71.3EU 27 11 11 1 0 3 -2 6 -3

BE 9 9 0 -1 3 0 2 -2

BG 12 12 0 0 3 1 13 1

CZ 28 28 0 0 2 -2 2 -6

QB2 A votre avis, quels sont les deux éléments les plus importants qui constituent l’identité européenne ? (MAX. 2 REPONSES)


QB2 Welche der folgenden Faktoren sind Ihrer Ansicht nach die zwei wichtigsten, die die europäische Identität ausmachen? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 2 ANTWORTEN)

Des symboles : le drapeau,

l’hymne et la devise

(« L’unité dans la diversité »)

Symbols: flag, hymn and

motto (“unity in diversity”)

Symbole: Flagge, Hymne und Motto ("In Vielfalt geeint")

NSP

DK

WN

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Sonstiges

Aucun/ L’identité européenne n’existe pas (SPONTANE)

None/ There is no European identity (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Keine / Es gibt keine europäische

Identität

DK 14 14 0 0 2 0 1 -1

D-W 4 4 0 0 1 -3 5 -1

DE 4 4 0 0 2 -2 4 -2

D-E 4 4 0 0 4 -1 1 -3

EE 15 15 1 1 3 2 8 -4

IE 11 11 0 -1 3 0 7 -5

EL 6 6 1 0 4 -3 1 -1

ES 8 8 1 -2 1 -3 7 -2

FR 17 17 0 0 2 -1 2 -3

IT 11 11 1 1 2 -2 3 -5

CY 12 12 0 0 2 0 2 -3

LV 16 16 1 1 3 1 5 -4

LT 12 12 1 1 2 1 10 -4

LU 7 7 1 0 1 -3 2 -3

HU 16 16 0 -1 2 -2 3 -5

MT 14 14 1 1 3 2 9 0

NL 8 8 1 1 2 0 2 -4

AT 10 10 1 0 6 -1 2 -1

PL 19 19 0 -1 5 3 11 -4

PT 8 8 1 0 5 3 13 -14

RO 8 8 2 1 1 -1 14 1

SI 26 26 1 -1 2 -4 1 -2

SK 24 24 1 1 1 0 2 -4

FI 12 12 1 1 2 -1 1 -1

SE 9 9 0 0 2 -1 2 -2

UK 8 8 1 0 10 -4 15 1


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2

EB73.3

Diff.EB

69.2EU 27 18 3 40 -3 25 0 15 2 2 -2 58 0 40 2

BE 17 3 39 -14 28 3 14 6 2 2 56 -11 42 9

BG 18 -5 40 -6 20 1 11 3 11 7 58 -11 31 4

CZ 35 1 38 -2 21 4 5 -2 1 -1 73 -1 26 2

DK 17 -4 39 -15 29 10 14 9 1 0 56 -19 43 19

D-W 20 5 38 -3 27 -4 13 3 2 -1 58 2 40 -1

DE 18 4 36 -4 28 -5 16 6 2 -1 54 0 44 1

D-E 12 2 29 -8 31 -8 26 14 2 0 41 -6 57 6

EE 14 -16 40 -3 29 12 16 8 1 -1 54 -19 45 20

QB3 En pensant maintenant au fait que vous êtes Européen(ne), dans quelle mesure être Européen(ne) est important pour vous personnellement ? Etre Européen(ne) …

QB3 Thinking now about the fact that you are European, how important is being European to you personally? Being European…

QB3 Wie wichtig ist für Sie persönlich die Tatsache, dass Sie Europäer sind?

Est très important pour

vous

Matters a lot to you

N'est pas du tout important

pour vousDoes not

matter at all to you

Es ist Ihnen sehr wichtig

Est plutôt important pour

vousMatters

somewhat to you

Es ist Ihnen ziemlich wichtig

N'est plutôt pas important pour

vousDoes not

matter much to you

Es ist Ihnen weniger wichtig

Es ist Ihnen überhaupt nicht

wichtig

Total 'Pas important'

Total 'Does not matter'

Gesamt 'Nicht wichtig'

NSP

DK

WN

Total 'Important'

Total 'Matters'

Gesamt 'Wichtig'

IE 14 0 45 -2 23 2 14 2 4 -2 59 -2 37 4

EL 10 -2 48 3 27 -4 15 3 0 0 58 1 42 -1

ES 15 2 43 -9 29 5 11 3 2 -1 58 -7 40 8

FR 10 -1 47 2 24 -1 18 2 1 -2 57 1 42 1

IT 31 15 51 9 14 -9 3 -8 1 -7 82 24 17 -17

CY 15 -5 33 -11 23 -2 28 18 1 0 48 -16 51 16

LV 10 1 29 -7 35 -2 25 9 1 -1 39 -6 60 7

LT 14 -3 34 -11 34 11 17 4 1 -1 48 -14 51 15

LU 26 -6 48 6 17 0 9 1 0 -1 74 0 26 1

HU 39 11 37 -6 17 -4 6 0 1 -1 76 5 23 -4

MT 26 1 35 -9 24 5 13 3 2 0 61 -8 37 8

NL 12 2 34 -12 36 3 17 7 1 0 46 -10 53 10

AT 27 11 45 -3 20 -4 6 -4 2 0 72 8 26 -8

PL 17 -3 46 -6 23 5 11 6 3 -2 63 -9 34 11

PT 10 -4 44 -3 33 9 12 2 1 -4 54 -7 45 11

RO 22 -1 41 -11 20 7 9 3 8 2 63 -12 29 10

SI 12 -10 46 -6 26 9 15 8 1 -1 58 -16 41 17

SK 24 5 49 -6 19 0 5 -1 3 2 73 -1 24 -1

FI 19 -1 51 -6 23 4 6 2 1 1 70 -7 29 6

SE 15 0 33 -13 37 8 14 5 1 0 48 -13 51 13

UK 13 4 21 -5 28 -1 36 2 2 0 34 -1 64 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.1 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Vous êtes né(e)

QB4.1 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. You were born in

QB4.1 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurden Sie geboren?

En (NOTRE PAYS) ou un

endroit qui fait maintenant partie de

(NOTRE PAYS)

Dans un autre pays en Europe, Turquie incluse,

mais pas un membre de l’UE

Dans un autre pays en dehors

de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a

place that is part of (OUR COUNTRY)

today



DK

EB73.3

In (UNSEREM LAND) oder an einem Ort, der

heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3

Dans un autre pays qui est

actuellement un Etat membre de

l’UE

Another country that is today a member of the

EU

In einem anderen Land,

das heute Mitglied in der

EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

In einem anderen europäischen

Land, einschließlich der Türkei, das aber nicht Mitglied in

der EU ist

EB73.3

Aux Etats-Unis, au Canada, au


Nouvelle Zélande


In den USA, Kanada, Japan, Australien oder

Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

93 4 1 0 2 0 0

In einem anderen Land

außerhalb Europas

89 5 2 0 4 0 0BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

89 5 2 0 4 0

0 0 0 0

0

100 0 0 0 0

0

94 3 1 0 2 0 0

98 2

0 0

86 8 3 0 3 0

1 0 1 0

0

87 7 3 0 3

0

94 1 3 0 2 0 0

94 4

0 0

89 10 0 0 1 0

1 0 6 0

0

94 3 2 0 1

0

95 2 0 0 3 0 0

88 5

0 0

97 2 1 0 0 0

4 0 1 0

0

93 4 0 1 2

0

96 1 2 0 1 0 0

94 1

0 0

65 31 2 0 2 0

0 1 0 0

0

99 1 0 0 0

0

93 2 0 0 5 0 0

97 2

0 0

91 6 2 0 1 0

1 0 2 0

0

99 1 0 0 0

0

100 0 0 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 0

91 1 7 0 1 0

2 0 1 0

0

98 2 0 0 0

0

91 5 1 1 2 0 0

96 1

6 0 088 5 0 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.2 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre mère est née

QB4.2 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your mother was born in

QB4.2 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihre Mutter geboren?



(NOTRE PAYS)

Dans un autre pays en Europe, Turquie incluse, mais pas

un membre de l’UE


de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

In einem anderen europäischen Land, einschließlich der Türkei, das aber nicht Mitglied in

der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

90 5 2 0 3 0 0


außerhalb Europas

85 8 2 0 5 0 0BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

85 8 2 0 5 0

0 0 0 0

0

98 1 1 0 0

0

92 5 1 0 2 0 0

95 5

0 0

80 11 5 0 4 0

2 0 1 0

0

82 10 4 0 4

0

85 3 7 0 5 0 0

91 6

0 0

90 9 0 1 0 0

0 1 6 0

0

89 3 6 0 2

0

87 7 1 0 5 0 0

88 5

0 0

98 1 1 0 0 0

8 0 4 0

0

94 3 1 0 2

0

92 2 3 0 3 0 0

84 4

0 0

52 43 2 0 3 0

0 1 1 0

0

97 2 1 0 0

0

92 3 0 0 5 0 0

95 3

0 0

85 10 4 0 1 0

0 0 3 0

0

98 1 1 0 0

0

99 0 1 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 0

87 2 10 0 1 0

3 0 2 0

0

96 4 0 0 0

0

87 9 2 0 2 0 0

94 1

8 0 084 6 1 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.3 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre père est né

QB4.3 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your father was born in

QB4.3 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihr Vater geboren



(NOTRE PAYS)




de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3


der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

89 5 2 0 4 0 0


außerhalb Europas

83 9 3 0 5 0 0BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

83 9 3 0 5 0

0 0 0 1

0

99 1 0 0 0

0

93 4 1 0 2 0 0

95 4

0 0

78 12 4 0 5 0

1 0 1 0

1

81 11 4 0 4

0

83 4 7 0 5 0 1

90 8

0 0

90 9 0 0 1 0

0 1 6 0

0

90 3 6 0 1

0

85 8 0 0 6 0 1

88 5

0 0

98 1 1 0 0 0

9 0 5 0

0

94 3 1 0 2

1

90 2 3 0 4 0 1

82 3

0 0

56 38 3 0 3 0

0 0 1 0

0

97 3 0 0 0

0

93 2 1 0 4 0 0

97 2

0 0

85 10 3 0 2 0

0 0 3 0

0

97 1 2 0 0

0

99 0 1 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 0

85 2 11 0 1 0

4 0 2 0

1

95 4 1 0 0

0

88 7 2 1 2 0 0

94 0

8 0 084 6 1 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.4 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre grand-mère maternelle est née

QB4.4 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your grandmother on your mother’s side was born in

QB4.4 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihre Großmutter mütterlicherseits geboren?



(NOTRE PAYS)




de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3


der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

87 7 2 0 3 0 1


außerhalb Europas

82 10 2 0 6 0 0BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 1

82 10 2 0 6 0

0 0 0 0

0

97 1 1 0 0

2

88 8 1 0 2 0 1

90 8

0 2

77 13 5 0 4 0

2 0 1 1

1

79 12 4 0 3

3

81 4 7 0 6 1 1

85 8

0 1

90 9 0 0 1 0

1 0 5 0

0

83 3 11 0 2

0

80 11 1 0 6 0 2

89 5

0 0

98 1 0 0 1 0

10 0 5 1

0

94 3 1 0 2

4

89 2 3 0 4 0 2

74 6

0 1

46 47 3 0 2 0

0 0 1 0

2

94 4 1 0 0

0

89 5 1 0 5 0 0

95 4

0 2

77 14 4 0 1 0

0 0 3 0

4

93 2 3 0 0

0

98 1 1 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 1

85 3 10 0 1 0

5 0 3 0

1

93 6 0 0 0

0

84 11 3 0 2 0 0

91 1

9 0 279 8 1 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.5 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre grand-père maternel est né

QB4.5 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your grandfather on your mother’s side was born in

QB4.5 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihr Großvater mütterlicherseits geboren?



(NOTRE PAYS)




de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3


der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

86 7 2 0 3 0 2


außerhalb Europas

82 10 2 0 6 0 0BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

82 10 2 0 6 0

0 0 0 0

0

97 2 1 0 0

2

89 7 1 0 2 0 1

91 7

0 2

76 13 5 0 4 0

2 0 1 1

2

78 12 4 0 4

4

79 4 8 0 5 1 3

84 8

0 1

90 9 0 0 1 0

1 0 5 0

0

83 3 12 0 1

0

79 12 1 0 5 0 3

89 5

0 0

97 1 1 0 1 0

9 0 5 2

0

95 3 0 0 2

4

89 2 3 0 4 0 2

75 5

0 1

45 48 2 0 3 0

0 1 0 0

2

94 4 1 0 0

0

91 4 0 0 4 0 1

95 4

0 4

75 15 4 0 1 0

0 0 3 0

5

92 2 2 0 0

0

98 1 1 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 1

83 4 11 0 1 0

5 0 3 0

1

93 6 0 0 0

1

83 12 2 0 2 0 1

90 1

9 1 279 8 1 0


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.6 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre grand-mère paternelle est née

QB4.6 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your grandmother on your father’s side was born in

QB4.6 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihre Großmutter väterlicherseits geboren?



(NOTRE PAYS)

Dans un autre pays en Europe, Turquie incluse, mais pas

un membre de l’UE


de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3


der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

86 6 2 0 4 0 2


außerhalb Europas

81 10 2 0 6 0 1BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

81 10 2 0 6 0

0 0 0 1

1

97 2 1 0 0

3

88 7 1 0 2 0 2

89 7

0 3

75 13 5 0 4 0

2 0 1 1

3

77 12 4 0 4

5

75 6 8 0 6 1 4

83 8

0 1

90 8 1 0 1 0

0 1 6 0

0

83 3 12 0 1

0

78 12 1 0 5 0 4

88 5

0 0

98 1 0 0 1 0

11 0 5 2

0

94 3 1 0 2

7

87 3 3 0 4 1 2

71 4

0 1

48 44 3 0 3 0

0 0 0 0

2

94 4 1 0 0

0

90 5 0 0 4 0 1

96 4

0 3

76 13 3 0 2 0

0 0 2 0

6

92 2 3 0 0

1

98 1 1 0 0 0 0

96 1

0 2

84 3 11 0 1 0

4 0 2 0

1

93 5 0 0 0

1

84 10 2 1 2 0 1

92 1

9 1 379 7 0 1


%

EU 27

BE

QB4.7 Je vais maintenant vous poser quelques questions à propos de votre lieu de naissance et celui de votre famille. Votre grand-père paternel est né

QB4.7 I am now going to ask you some questions about where you and your family were born. Your grandfather on your father’s side was born in

QB4.7 Ich werde Ihnen jetzt einige Fragen stellen, wo Sie und Ihre Familie geboren wurden. Wo wurde Ihr Großvater väterlicherseits geboren?



(NOTRE PAYS)




de l’EuropeNSP

(OUR COUNTRY) or a


today



DK

EB73.3


heute zu (UNSEREM

LAND) gehört

EB73.3



l’UE


EU



EU ist

EB73.3

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

In einem anderen europäischen

Land, einschließlich der Türkei, das aber nicht Mitglied in

der EU ist

EB73.3



Nouvelle Zélande



Neuseeland

WN

EB73.3

86 7 2 0 3 0 2


außerhalb Europas

81 9 3 0 6 0 1BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0

81 9 3 0 6 0

1 0 0 0

1

97 2 1 0 0

3

89 6 1 0 2 0 2

89 7

0 4

74 14 5 0 4 0

2 0 1 1

3

76 12 4 0 4

6

75 5 8 0 6 1 5

82 8

0 1

90 9 0 0 1 0

1 0 5 0

0

83 2 12 0 2

0

78 12 1 0 5 0 4

89 5

0 0

98 1 0 0 1 0

10 0 6 2

0

94 3 1 0 2

9

87 3 3 0 4 1 2

68 5

0 1

49 43 3 0 3 0

0 0 0 0

2

93 5 1 0 0

1

91 4 0 0 4 0 1

96 3

0 4

74 14 4 0 2 0

0 0 2 0

6

92 2 2 0 0

0

98 0 1 0 0 0 1

97 1

0 2

84 3 11 0 1 0

5 0 2 0

1

92 5 1 0 0

1

84 9 3 1 2 0 1

91 1

9 0 380 7 0 1


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

QB5 Pourriez-vous me dire combien, parmi vos 4 grands-parents, sont nés citoyens(nes) de (NOTRE PAYS) ?

QB5 Could you please tell me how many of your 4 grandparents were born as a citizen of (OUR COUNTRY)?

QB5 Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie viele Ihrer 4 Großeltern als Bürger (UNSERES LANDES) geboren wurden.

1 grand-parent

1 grandparent

3 grands-parents

3 grandparents

1 Großelternteil

EB73.3

2 grands-parents

2 grandparents

2 Großelternteile

EB73.3

3 Großelternteile

EB73.3

4 grands-parents

4 grandparents

4 Großelternteile

EB73.3

4 79

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

Aucun

None

Keiner davon

EB73.3

7 2

2 7 4 76 11 0

2 6

0 8 2 87

2 7 6 77

12 3

8 78

1 2

5 3

6 01 7

2 8 3 73

1 9 3 72

3 5 2 79

7 663 12

11 3

7 4

9 3

1 2 3 87 7 0

1 5 3 81

1 2 1 87

8 69

9 1

9 0

8 23 10

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2 1

0 4 2 90

1 1 1 94

4 18 8 54

4 792 6

4 0

10 6

6 3

2 11 9 37 39 2

0 3 3 91

0 4 4 90

11 6

6 84

2 1

1 1

5 01 4

2 19 3 68

2 12 7 62

6 2 1 89

2 931 2

3 5

2 0

1 1

1 7 5 71 15 1

1 6 5 81

2 5 4 87

12 2

8 73

5 2

2 0

9 03 7

1 5 5 75


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.1 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous avez des parents proches (frères, sœurs, enfants, parents) qui vivent dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.1 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.1 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben nahe Verwandte (Geschwister, Kinder, Eltern), die in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) leben

Oui Refus (SPONTANE)

Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

27 73 0 0

26 74 0 0

29 71 0 0

15 84 1 0

26 74 0 0

32 68 0 0

28 72 0 0

13 87 0 0

37 62 0 1

59 41 0 0

29 71 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

29 71 0 0

27 73 0 0

22 78 0 0

12 88 0 0

55 45 0 0

43 57 0 0

47 53 0 0

60 40 0 0

17 83 0 0

66 34 0 0

27 73 0 0

25 74 1 0

33 67 0 0

45 55 0 0

36 63 1 0

38 62 0 0

32 68 0 0

31 69 0 0

29 71 0 0

37 63 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.2 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous avez des amis proches qui vivent dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.2 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You have close friends who live in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.2 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben enge Freunde, die in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) leben


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

40 60 0 0

42 58 0 0

51 49 0 0

33 66 1 0

45 55 0 0

42 58 0 0

38 62 0 0

23 77 0 0

53 46 1 0

68 32 0 0

34 66 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

34 66 0 0

37 63 0 0

38 62 0 0

23 77 0 0

57 43 0 0

61 39 0 0

59 41 0 0

72 28 0 0

25 75 0 0

53 47 0 0

51 49 0 0

39 61 0 0

49 51 0 0

49 50 0 1

43 56 1 0

50 50 0 0

52 48 0 0

43 57 0 0

56 44 0 0

45 55 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.3 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous avez des amis proches en (NOTRE PAYS) qui se sont installés ici venant d’un autre pays

QB6.3 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You have close friends in (OUR COUNTRY) who have moved here from abroad

QB6.3 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben in (UNSEREM LAND) enge Freunde, die aus dem Ausland hierher gezogen sind


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

29 71 0 0

33 67 0 0

10 90 0 0

18 81 1 0

42 58 0 0

41 59 0 0

37 63 0 0

23 77 0 0

18 82 0 0

42 57 0 1

25 75 0 0

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

41 59 0 0

34 66 0 0

17 83 0 0

39 61 0 0

17 83 0 0

15 85 0 0

69 31 0 0

17 83 0 0

32 68 0 0

37 63 0 0

39 60 1 0

11 89 0 0

29 70 0 1

14 85 0 1

42 58 0 0

22 77 0 1

27 73 0 0

57 42 0 1

33 67 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

QB6.4 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e) partenaire d’une autre citoyenneté que la vôtre

QB6.4 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You live or have lived with a partner of a different citizenship than your own

QB6.4 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht.

Sie leben oder haben mit einem Partner / einer Partnerin zusammengelebt, der / die eine andere Staatsbürgerschaft als Sie besitzt


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

8 92 0 0

13 87 0 0

1 99 0 0

3 97 0 0

7 93 0 0

13 87 0 0

11 89 0 0

5 95 0 0

12 87 0 1

11 88 0 1

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

4 95 1 0

13 87 0 0

13 87 0 0

4 96 0 0

10 90 0 0

11 87 1 1

4 95 0 1

32 66 0 2

3 96 1 0

7 92 1 0

9 91 0 0

10 89 1 0

2 98 0 0

5 95 0 0

4 95 0 1

6 94 0 0

3 97 0 0

5 95 0 0

17 83 0 0

8 91 0 1


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.5 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous parlez couramment au moins une autre langue que (LANGUE INTERVIEW)

QB6.5 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You are fluent in at least one other language than (INTERVIEW LANGUAGE)

QB6.5 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie beherrschen neben der (INTERVIEWSPRACHE) noch mindestens eine weitere Sprache fließend


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

34 66 0 0

55 45 0 0

38 61 0 1

33 67 0 0

77 23 0 0

51 49 0 0

45 55 0 0

26 74 0 0

72 28 0 0

18 82 0 0

35 65 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

35 65 0 0

34 66 0 0

29 71 0 0

18 82 0 0

48 52 0 0

87 13 0 0

76 24 0 0

96 4 0 0

19 81 0 0

86 14 0 0

76 24 0 0

41 59 0 0

24 75 0 1

30 70 0 0

26 73 0 1

65 35 0 0

48 52 0 0

59 41 0 0

70 30 0 0

20 80 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

QB6.6 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous avez travaillé (y compris comme volontaire ou stagiaire) pendant au moins trois mois consécutifs dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)


You have worked (including volunteering and traineeships) for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.6 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben für mindestens drei aufeinanderfolgende Monate in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) gearbeitet (einschließlich unentgeltlicher Arbeit und Praktika)


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

13 87 0 0

11 89 0 0

10 90 0 0

6 94 0 0

22 78 0 0

14 86 0 0

13 87 0 0

9 91 0 0

12 88 0 0EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

12 88 0 0

27 73 0 0

12 88 0 0

15 85 0 0

13 87 0 0

7 93 0 0

17 83 0 0

11 89 0 0

14 86 0 0

27 73 0 0

9 91 0 0

11 88 0 1

18 82 0 0

17 83 0 0

10 90 0 0

13 87 0 0

8 91 0 1

11 89 0 0

15 85 0 0

14 86 0 0

23 77 0 0

16 84 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

QB6.7 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous êtes allé(e) à l’école ou avez étudié pendant au moins un semestre dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.7 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You have attended school or studied for at least half an academic year in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.7 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben für mindestens ein Semester eine Universität oder für mindestens ein Halbjahr eine Schule in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) besucht


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

8 92 0 0

9 91 0 0

2 98 0 0

3 97 0 0

12 88 0 0

9 91 0 0

8 92 0 0

5 95 0 0

7 93 0 0

15 85 0 0

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

9 91 0 0

14 86 0 0

7 93 0 0

4 96 0 0

21 79 0 0

3 97 0 0

3 97 0 0

46 54 0 0

3 97 0 0

6 94 0 0

12 88 0 0

8 91 1 0

2 98 0 0

5 95 0 0

1 98 0 1

9 91 0 0

3 97 0 0

10 90 0 0

16 84 0 0

13 87 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

QB6.8 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous avez vécu dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) pendant au moins trois mois consécutifs pour des raisons autres que pour y faire des études ou y travailler


You have lived for reasons other than study or work for at least three consecutive months in another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.8 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie haben aus einem anderen Grund als Arbeit, Studium oder Schule für mindestens drei aufeinanderfolgende Monate in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) gelebt


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

10 90 0 0

12 88 0 0

3 97 0 0

3 97 0 0

17 83 0 0

12 88 0 0

11 89 0 0

7 93 0 0

11 89 0 0EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

11 89 0 0

18 82 0 0

9 91 0 0

17 83 0 0

12 88 0 0

5 95 0 0

15 85 0 0

9 91 0 0

7 93 0 0

34 66 0 0

4 96 0 0

10 90 0 0

15 85 0 0

11 88 1 0

4 96 0 0

7 93 0 0

5 95 0 0

10 90 0 0

5 95 0 0

13 87 0 0

20 80 0 0

15 85 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.9 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous possédez un(des) bien(s) immobilier(s) dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) (sauf timesharing)

QB6.9 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You own real property/ properties in another country than (OUR COUNTRY) (not timesharing)

QB6.9 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie besitzen in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND) Grundstücke oder Immobilien (kein Teilzeit- / Ferienwohnrecht)


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

3 96 1 0

5 95 0 0

1 99 0 0

1 99 0 0

3 97 0 0

4 95 1 0

4 95 1 0

2 97 1 0

2 98 0 0

4 96 0 0

3 97 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

3 97 0 0

7 92 1 0

4 96 0 0

2 98 0 0

5 95 0 0

1 99 0 0

1 99 0 0

13 84 1 2

1 99 0 0

1 99 0 0

4 96 0 0

5 94 1 0

1 99 0 0

2 98 0 0

0 99 0 1

6 94 0 0

1 99 0 0

2 98 0 0

2 98 0 0

5 94 1 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.10 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous passez régulièrement vos vacances/ week-ends dans un pays en particulier autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.10 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You regularly spend your holidays/weekends in one particular country other than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.10 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie verbringen regelmäßig Ihren Urlaub / Ihre Wochenenden in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND)


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

22 78 0 0

48 52 0 0

1 99 0 0

16 84 0 0

39 61 0 0

41 59 0 0

38 62 0 0

26 73 1 0

9 91 0 0

29 71 0 0

4 96 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

4 96 0 0

13 86 1 0

22 78 0 0

10 90 0 0

9 91 0 0

4 96 0 0

8 92 0 0

78 22 0 0

3 97 0 0

20 80 0 0

51 49 0 0

43 56 1 0

4 95 0 1

6 94 0 0

5 94 0 1

45 55 0 0

22 78 0 0

13 87 0 0

26 74 0 0

33 67 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

QB6.11 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. Vous suivez régulièrement l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport dans un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.11 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.11 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht.

Sie verfolgen regelmäßig die Nachrichten, das kulturelle Leben oder die Sportereignisse in einem anderen Land als in (UNSEREM LAND)


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

34 65 0 1

55 45 0 0

24 76 0 0

29 71 0 0

51 49 0 0

41 59 0 0

39 61 0 0

35 65 0 0

42 57 0 1

53 47 0 0

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

27 73 0 0

36 64 0 0

39 61 0 0

21 78 0 1

59 41 0 0

49 51 0 0

37 63 0 0

84 16 0 0

43 56 0 1

81 19 0 0

68 32 0 0

36 64 0 0

17 82 0 1

38 62 0 0

20 79 0 1

36 64 0 0

42 58 0 0

25 75 0 0

42 58 0 0

35 65 0 0


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB6.12 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, veuillez me dire si elle s’applique à vous ou pas. A la maison, vous mangez régulièrement des plats qui sont typiques d’un pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS)

QB6.12 For each of these next statements, please tell me if it applies to you or not. You regularly eat food at home that is typical of another country than (OUR COUNTRY)

QB6.12 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der nachfolgenden Aussagen, ob diese auf Sie zutrifft oder nicht. Sie essen zu Hause regelmäßig Nahrungsmittel, die typisch für ein anderes Land als für (UNSER LAND) sind


Yes

Ja

EB73.3

Non

No

Nein

EB73.3


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

36 63 0 1

55 45 0 0

5 94 0 1

28 71 0 1

61 38 0 1

48 52 0 0

45 54 0 1

36 64 0 0

17 81 1 1

52 48 0 0

14 86 0 0EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

14 86 0 0

28 72 0 0

51 49 0 0

8 92 0 0

24 76 0 0

23 75 1 1

13 86 0 1

80 20 0 0

25 75 0 0

42 58 0 0

81 19 0 0

39 60 0 1

12 86 0 2

24 75 0 1

16 81 0 3

26 73 0 1

31 68 0 1

28 71 1 0

50 49 0 1

66 34 0 0


1/5

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3EU 27 16 -2 13 0 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 0

BE 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

BG 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CZ 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DK 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 -1

D-W 87 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DE 89 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

D-E 94 -3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IE 0 0 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EL 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

QB7a What is(are) your mother tongue(s)? (DO NOT SHOW CARD – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

QB7a Quelle(s) est(sont) votre(vos) langue(s) maternelle(s) ? (NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QB7a Welche Sprache ist Ihre Muttersprache / welche Sprachen sind Ihre Muttersprachen? (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

Allemand

German

Arabe

Arabic

Catalan

Catalan

Deutsch

Anglais

English

Englisch Arabisch

Bulgare

Bulgarian

Bulgarisch Katalanisch

Chinois

Chinese

Chinesisch Dänisch

Danois

Danish

ES 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 -2 0 0 0 0

FR 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IT 0 -2 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CY 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LT 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LU 8 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

HU 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MT 0 0 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NL 3 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

AT 95 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PL 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PT 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

RO 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SI 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

FI 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SE 1 0 2 2 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1

UK 1 1 88 -5 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


2/5

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3EU 27 9 0 0 0 1 0 12 0 2 -1 3 1 13 0

BE 0 -1 0 0 0 0 39 1 0 0 0 0 3 1

BG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CZ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

D-W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

DE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

D-E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EE 0 0 83 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IE 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 -2 0 0 0 0




Espagnol

Spanish

Spanisch

Estonien

Estonian

Estnisch

Finnois

Finnish

Finnisch

Français

French

Französisch

Grec

Greek

Griechisch

Hongrois

Hungarian

Ungarisch

Italien

Italian

Italienisch

ES 87 -2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 -1

FR 1 0 0 0 0 0 93 0 0 0 0 0 1 -1

IT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 3

CY 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 96 -2 0 0 0 0

LV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LU 1 0 0 0 0 0 16 10 0 0 0 0 7 6

HU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 -1 0 0

MT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

NL 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

AT 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

PL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PT 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

RO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 0 0

SI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 -2 0 0

FI 0 0 0 0 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SE 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

UK 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0


3/5

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3EU 27 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 -1 8 -1 2 0

BE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 -2 0 -1 0 0

BG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CZ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

DK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

D-W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0

DE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0

D-E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0

EL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0




Letton

Latvian

Lettisch

Lituanien

Lithuanian

Litauisch

Luxembourgeois

Luxembourgish

Luxemburgisch

Maltais

Maltese

Maltesisch

Néerlandais

Dutch

Niederländisch

Polonais

Polish

Polnisch

Portugais

Portuguese

Portugiesisch

ES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

FR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1

IT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LV 71 -2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

LT 0 0 86 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0

LU 0 0 0 0 60 -17 0 0 1 0 1 1 14 5

HU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MT 0 0 0 0 1 1 96 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0

NL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 -1 0 0 0 0

AT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

PL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 0 0 0

PT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 -5

RO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

SI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

FI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

UK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0


4/5

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3EU 27 4 4 1 0 1 0 0 -1 2 0 2 0 1 1

BE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

BG 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 -1

CZ 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 96 -2 0 0

DK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

D-W 0 0 3 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0

DE 0 0 3 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0

D-E 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

EE 0 0 16 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IE 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0

EL 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0




Roumain

Romanian

Rumänisch

Russe

Russian

Russisch

Slovaque

Slovak

Slowakisch

Slovène

Slovenian

Slowenisch

Suédois

Swedish

Schwedisch

Tchèque

Czech

Tschechisch

Turc

Turkish

Türkisch

ES 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

FR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

IT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CY 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LV 0 0 28 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LT 0 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

LU 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

HU 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

AT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PL 0 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PT 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

RO 91 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SI 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0

SK 0 0 0 -1 90 2 0 -1 0 0 1 0 0 0

FI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 -1 0 0 0 0

SE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 93 -2 0 0 0 0

UK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


5/5

%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3

EB73.3

Diff.EB

64.3EU 27 2 2 0 0 1 -1

BE 2 1 0 0 1 1

BG 2 1 0 0 0 -1

CZ 0 0 0 0 1 1

DK 1 0 0 0 0 0

D-W 1 0 0 0 1 0

DE 1 0 0 0 1 0

D-E 0 0 0 0 2 2

EE 1 0 0 0 0 0

IE 1 1 0 0 0 -3

EL 0 0 0 0 0 0




NSP

DK

WN

Autre (SPECIFIER)

Other (SPECIFY)

Sonstige (BITTE ANGEBEN)

Aucune

None

Keine

ES 4 4 0 0 1 -4

FR 3 2 0 0 1 0

IT 0 0 0 0 0 -1

CY 0 -1 0 0 0 0

LV 1 0 0 0 0 0

LT 0 0 0 0 2 2

LU 2 2 0 0 0 0

HU 0 0 0 0 1 1

MT 0 0 0 0 0 0

NL 2 1 0 0 0 -2

AT 1 1 0 0 0 -1

PL 0 0 0 0 0 -1

PT 0 0 0 0 2 2

RO 1 1 0 0 0 -1

SI 9 8 0 0 0 -3

SK 0 0 0 0 1 0

FI 1 1 0 0 0 0

SE 2 1 0 0 0 0

UK 6 5 0 0 2 -2


1/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

QB7b And what other language(s) do you speak well enough to be able to have a conversation? (DO NOT SHOW CARD – MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

QB7b Et quelle(s) autre(s) langue(s) parlez-vous suffisamment bien pour pouvoir avoir une conversation ? (NE PAS MONTRER CARTE – PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QB7b Und welche andere(n) Sprache(n) beherrschen Sie gut genug, um sich in dieser Sprache unterhalten können? (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

Arabisch

EB73.3

Arabe

Arabic

Catalan

Catalan

Deutsch

EB73.3

Anglais

English

Englisch

EB73.3

Allemand

German

Bulgare

Bulgarian

Bulgarisch

EB73.3

Katalanisch

EB73.3

Chinois

Chinese

Chinesisch

EB73.3

Dänisch

EB73.3

Danois

Danish

9 31 0 0 1 0 0

16 43 1 0 0 0 0

4 15 0 10 0 0 0

17 22 0 0 0 0 0

39 81 0 0 0 0 3

10 52 0 0 0 0 0

8 47 0 0 0 0 0

3 31 0 0 0 0 0

10 41 0 0 0 0 0

3 5 0 0 0 0 0

6 41 0 0 0 0 0

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2 20 0 0 7 0 0

6 32 0 0 0 0 0

3 22 0 0 0 0 0

2 57 1 0 0 0 0

10 35 0 0 0 0 0

8 29 0 0 0 0 0

66 54 0 0 0 0 1

17 15 0 0 0 0 0

4 83 1 0 0 0 0

60 84 0 0 0 0 0

4 49 0 0 0 0 0

8 22 0 0 0 0 0

2 24 0 0 0 0 0

3 20 0 0 0 0 0

27 46 0 0 0 0 0

19 24 0 0 0 0 0

13 63 0 0 0 0 0

25 86 1 0 0 0 6

6 7 1 0 0 0 0


2/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL




Espagnol

Spanish

Spanisch

EB73.3

Estonien

Estonian

Estnisch

EB73.3

Finnois

Finnish

Finnisch

EB73.3

Français

French

Französisch

EB73.3

Grec

Greek

Griechisch

EB73.3

Hongrois

Hungarian

Ungarisch

EB73.3

Italien

Italian

Italienisch

EB73.3

4 0 0 8 0 0 2

3 0 0 34 0 0 2

0 0 0 2 2 0 1

0 0 0 1 0 0 0

4 0 0 6 0 0 0

3 0 0 11 0 0 2

3 0 0 10 0 0 2

1 0 0 5 0 0 1

1 10 14 1 0 0 0

1 0 0 8 0 0 1

1 0 0 3 2 0 2

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

11 0 0 7 0 0 3

10 0 0 3 0 0 3

2 0 0 6 0 0 1

1 0 0 3 3 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 2 0 0 0

9 0 1 80 1 0 11

0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 10 0 0 41

6 0 0 23 0 0 3

3 0 0 8 0 0 4

1 0 0 1 0 0 0

7 0 0 9 0 0 1

3 0 0 7 0 3 3

1 0 0 1 0 0 8

0 0 0 1 0 7 0

2 1 4 3 0 0 1

8 0 1 10 0 0 2

5 0 0 13 0 0 2


3/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL




Letton

Latvian

Lettisch

EB73.3

Lituanien

Lithuanian

Litauisch

EB73.3

Luxembourgeois

Luxembourgish

Luxemburgisch

EB73.3

Maltais

Maltese

Maltesisch

EB73.3

Néerlandais

Dutch

Niederländisch

EB73.3

Polonais

Polish

Polnisch

EB73.3

Portugais

Portuguese

Portugiesisch

EB73.3

0 0 0 0 1 1 0

0 0 0 0 10 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 2 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 2 0

0 0 0 0 1 2 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

22 3 0 0 0 1 0

1 10 0 0 0 11 0

0 0 17 0 2 0 5

0 0 0 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 3 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 3 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 0


4/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL




Roumain

Romanian

Rumänisch

EB73.3

Russe

Russian

Russisch

EB73.3

Slovaque

Slovak

Slowakisch

EB73.3

Slovène

Slovenian

Slowenisch

EB73.3

Suédois

Swedish

Schwedisch

EB73.3

Tchèque

Czech

Tschechisch

EB73.3

Turc

Turkish

Türkisch

EB73.3

0 3 0 0 1 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 10 0 0 0 0 1

0 8 10 0 0 2 0

0 0 0 0 6 0 0

0 2 0 0 0 0 1

0 3 0 0 0 0 1

0 6 0 0 0 1 0

0 56 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 1

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 2 0 0 0 0 1

0 64 0 0 0 0 0

0 68 0 0 0 0 0

0 2 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 1 0 0

1 1 0 1 0 0 0

0 11 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 6 0 0 0

0 12 8 0 0 32 1

0 1 0 0 34 0 0

0 1 0 0 3 0 0

00 1 0 0 0 0


5/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL




Autre (SPECIFIER)

Other (SPECIFY)


EB73.3

Aucune

None

Keine

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

2 52 3

1 36 2

1 61 1

0 50 2

4 14 0

1 35 0

1 41 1

1 61 2

1 12 6

9 73 2

1 49 2

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

3 59 1

2 55 3

0 70 1

1 37 0

1 8 1

1 14 1

1 4 0

1 65 2

0 10 1

3 9 0

1 45 0

1 52 11

0 61 4

0 54 10

27 23 1

0 29 1

1 31 0

5 10 0

3 68 3


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

QB8 Quelle est la probabilité pour que dans les dix prochaines années vous déménagiez dans un autre pays pour y vivre ?

QB8 How likely do you think it is that you will move to another country within the next ten years, to live there?

QB8 Für wie wahrscheinlich halten Sie es, dass Sie in den kommenden zehn Jahren in ein anderes Land ziehen werden, um dort zu leben?

Très probable

Very likely

Plutôt pas probable

Not very likely

NSP

DK

Sehr wahrscheinlich

EB73.3

Plutôt probable

Fairly likely

Ziemlich wahrscheinlich

EB73.3

Nicht sehr wahrscheinlich

EB73.3

Pas du tout probable

Not at all likely

Überhaupt nicht wahrscheinlich

EB73.3

WN

EB73.3

Total 'Probable'

Total 'Likely'

Gesamt 'Wahrscheinlich

'EB73.3

Total 'Pas probable'Total 'Not

likely'Gesamt 'Nicht wahrscheinlich'

EB73.3

3 8 20 66 3 11 86

3 10 22 63 2 13 85

4 95

3 6 18 66 7 9

26 57 0 17

84

1 3 15 80 1

83

3 5 19 70 3 8 89

4 13

6 93

3 5 19 71 2 8

30 55 0 15

90

2 4 20 73 1

85

6 12 13 62 7 18 75

4 11

13 83

2 6 18 72 2 8

20 64 1 15

90

3 10 16 67 4

84

2 4 15 76 3 6 91

4 11

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

34 63

6 8 9 75 2 14

25 50 1 24

84

12 22 26 37 3

75

7 13 26 54 0 20 80

7 17

14 82

1 6 17 74 2 7

21 67 1 11

91

4 10 13 69 4

88

1 8 24 64 3 9 88

3 8

10 86

2 7 24 63 4 9

12 70 8 10

87

2 8 21 65 4

82

2 7 22 67 2 9 89

3 7

10 88

1 8 21 68 2 9

31 51 1 17

89

2 8 30 58 2

82

4 12 26 56 2 16 82

4 13


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ



Nouvelle Zélande


NSP

DK

Un autre pays en Europe, Turquie incluse, mais pas

un membre de l’UE


In ein anderes europäisches Land, einschließlich der Türkei, das aber derzeit kein EU-Mitgliedstaat ist

EB73.3

QB9 Et si vous deviez déménager, où est-ce que ça serait ?

QB9 And if you were to move, where would it be to?

QB9 Und falls Sie umziehen würden, wohin würden Sie ziehen?

Un autre pays qui est actuellement un Etat membre

de l’UE

Another country that is today a

member of the EU

50 7

USA, Kanada, Japan, Australien oder Neuseeland

EB73.3

Un autre pays en dehors de l’Europe


In ein anderes Land außerhalb

Europas

EB73.3

In ein anderes Land, das derzeit Mitglied der EU ist

EB73.3

66 9

WN

EB73.3

7

64 12 9 13 2

22 14

9

61 2 30 7 0

13 3

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

47 6

44 11

4

44 11 23 14 8

64 10

33 10

10

45 8 20 9 18

78 7

22 13

6

55 2 36 2 5

37 6

11 9

3

48 6 18 22 6

70 4

7 5

7

43 18 22 10 7

74 6

29 21

3

70 5 11 8 6

69 8

12 11

8

69 11 3 9 8

49 8

7 5

2

62 5 22 5 6

66 8

17 4

4

54 11 15 9 11

81 4

12 27

14

59 12 10 15 4

70 1

7 5

7

46 17 23 11 3

45 9

7 1

10

59 14 12 15 0

28 14

19 0

4

42 1 37 15 5


1/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

QB10a Which country other than (OUR COUNTRY) do you feel the most attached to? Firstly? (DO NOT SHOW CARD)

QB10a A quel pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) vous sentez vous le plus attaché(e) ? En premier ? (NE PAS MONTRER CARTE)

QB10a Welchem anderen Land als (UNSEREM LAND) fühlen Sie sich am meisten verbunden? Erstens?

Bulgarien

EB73.3

Bulgarie

Bulgaria

Danemark

Denmark

Österreich

EB73.3

Belgique

Belgium

Belgien

EB73.3

Autriche

Austria

République tchèque

Czech Republic

Tschechische Republik

EB73.3

Dänemark

EB73.3

Finlande

Finland

Finnland

EB73.3

Frankreich

EB73.3

France

France

3 1 0 1 1 0 5

2 0 0 0 0 0 28

1 0 0 1 0 0 2

3 0 1 0 1 0 3

2 0 0 0 0 0 3

12 0 0 0 3 0 6

12 0 0 1 3 0 6

10 0 0 3 1 0 3

0 0 0 0 1 16 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 4

0 1 2 0 0 0 4

0 0 1 0 0 0 9

0 3 0 0 0 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 3 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0 6

0 0 1 0 1 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

2 7 0 0 1 1 28

11 1 0 0 1 1 3

2 0 0 0 0 0 1

3 9 0 0 2 0 11

0 0 0 1 0 0 2

2 0 0 1 0 0 2

0 1 0 0 0 0 10

1 0 0 0 0 0 5

7 0 0 0 0 0 1

2 0 1 39 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

2 0 0 0 7 4 5

0 0 0 0 0 0 6


2/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Allemagne

Germany

Deutschland

EB73.3

Grèce

Greece

Griechenland

EB73.3

Hongrie

Hungary

Ungarn

EB73.3

Irlande

Ireland

Irland

EB73.3

Italie

Italy

Italien

EB73.3

Pologne

Poland

Polen

EB73.3

Portugal

Portugal

Portugal

EB73.3

4 1 1 1 5 1 1

3 2 0 0 8 0 1

5 4 0 0 3 0 0

6 2 0 1 2 3 0

9 3 0 0 4 1 0

0 2 1 1 7 4 1

0 2 1 1 6 3 0

0 2 3 1 3 1 0

3 1 0 0 1 0 0

3 0 0 0 1 3 1

9 0 0 0 6 0 0

2 0 0 1 6 0 4

4 0 0 2 10 1 3FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

4 0 0 2 10 1 3

2 1 0 1 0 0 0

1 52 0 0 1 0 0

4 0 0 1 1 0 0

5 0 0 4 1 4 0

11 0 0 1 8 1 12

10 5 0 1 6 1 0

2 0 1 1 21 0 0

11 2 0 1 6 0 1

14 3 2 1 11 1 1

7 1 0 1 3 0 0

2 0 0 0 1 0 0

6 1 5 0 9 0 1

4 1 0 0 4 0 0

2 1 6 1 1 1 0

4 2 0 1 1 0 0

4 5 0 1 6 0 1

4 1 0 4 2 1 1


3/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Roumanie

Romania

Rumänien

EB73.3

Slovaquie

Slovakia

Slowakei

EB73.3

Espagne

Spain

Spanien

EB73.3

Suède

Sweden

Schweden

EB73.3

Pays-Bas

The Netherlands

Niederlande

EB73.3

Royaume-Uni

United Kingdom

Vereinigtes Königreich

EB73.3

Etats-Unis

United States

Vereinigte Staaten

EB73.3

1 1 5 1 1 3 3

0 0 7 0 6 2 2

0 0 4 0 0 4 3

0 34 1 0 1 4 1

0 0 5 12 1 7 5

0 0 5 2 4 3 2

0 0 5 2 3 2 2

0 0 4 2 0 1 2

0 0 1 3 0 3 1

0 0 6 0 0 21 9

1 0 2 1 1 3 2

2 0 0 0 1 4 3

0 0 12 1 1 3 2FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0 12 1 1 3 2

0 0 6 0 1 4 5

1 0 1 0 0 10 2

0 0 1 1 1 5 2

0 0 2 1 0 9 2

1 0 3 0 1 1 2

2 1 3 1 2 3 3

0 0 1 0 0 32 3

0 0 5 2 0 6 3

1 1 2 1 1 2 3

0 1 2 1 2 5 2

0 0 8 0 1 4 2

0 0 5 1 1 2 2

0 0 1 1 0 1 1

0 0 1 0 0 2 2

0 0 3 19 0 3 4

0 0 6 0 1 8 6

0 0 8 0 1 0 7


4/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Israël

Israël

Israel

EB73.3

Maroc

Morocco

Marokko

EB73.3

Algérie

Algeria

Algerien

EB73.3

Albanie

Albania

Albanien

EB73.3

Russie

Russia

Russland

EB73.3

Chine

China

China

EB73.3

Turquie

Turkey

Türkei

EB73.3

0 1 0 0 1 0 1

0 1 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 8 0 4

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 3 0 3

0 0 0 0 3 0 3

1 0 0 0 3 0 1

0 0 0 0 8 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 2 0 1

0 1 0 0 0 0 0

1 2 1 0 0 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

1 2 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 9 0 0

0 0 0 0 9 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 2

10 0 0 0 0 1


5/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

QB10a A quel pays autre que (NOTRE PAYS) vous sentez vous le plus attaché(e) ? En premier ? (NE PAS MONTRER



Autre (SPECIFIER)

Other (SPECIFY)


EB73.3

Aucun

None

Keine

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

8 44 5

6 29 2

3 55 3

2 28 6

14 29 2

8 29 4

7 34 4

5 49 5

6 34 22

6 41 4

5 57 3

11 54 1

11 32 11FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

11 32 11

3 62 7

6 23 0

5 61 7

5 51 5

4 15 1

4 38 3

13 21 2

14 20 1

5 44 3

4 58 7

9 53 9

2 52 6

18 59 2

2 29 9

8 47 5

23 17 1

15 44 4


1/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

QB10b And secondly? (DO NOT SHOW CARD)

QB10b Et en second ? (NE PAS MONTRER CARTE)

QB10b Und zweitens?

Bulgarien

EB73.3

Bulgarie

Bulgaria

Danemark

Denmark

Österreich

EB73.3

Belgique

Belgium

Belgien

EB73.3

Autriche

Austria


Czech Republic


EB73.3

Dänemark

EB73.3

Finlande

Finland

Finnland

EB73.3

Frankreich

EB73.3

France

France

2 1 0 0 1 0 3

1 0 0 0 0 0 10

0 1 0 0 0 0 2

4 0 0 0 0 0 3

1 0 0 0 0 0 2

5 0 0 1 2 0 4

5 0 0 1 2 0 3

3 0 0 2 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 3 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 4

1 1 0 0 0 0 2

0 1 0 0 0 0 4

1 2 0 0 0 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

1 2 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 3

0 0 1 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

2 7 0 0 0 0 13

5 0 0 1 1 1 4

1 0 0 0 0 0 2

3 6 0 1 2 0 8

0 0 0 0 0 0 3

0 1 1 1 0 0 3

0 0 0 0 0 0 3

1 0 0 0 0 0 3

3 0 0 0 0 0 1

3 0 1 5 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

2 0 0 0 6 2 4

1 1 0 0 0 0 3


2/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR



QB10b Und zweitens?

Allemagne

Germany

Deutschland

EB73.3

Grèce

Greece

Griechenland

EB73.3

Hongrie

Hungary

Ungarn

EB73.3

Irlande

Ireland

Irland

EB73.3

Italie

Italy

Italien

EB73.3

Pologne

Poland

Polen

EB73.3

Portugal

Portugal

Portugal

EB73.3

2 1 0 1 3 0 1

4 1 0 0 6 0 1

2 2 0 0 2 0 0

4 2 1 0 3 5 0

6 3 0 0 3 0 0

0 2 0 0 6 0 1

0 2 0 0 5 0 1

0 1 1 0 2 0 0

3 0 0 0 1 0 0

2 1 0 0 2 1 0

2 0 0 0 2 0 0

2 0 0 0 3 0 2

2 0 0 1 3 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2 0 0 1 3 0 0

1 2 0 0 0 0 0

2 8 0 0 1 0 0

1 0 0 1 1 0 0

3 0 0 3 1 2 0

11 1 0 1 6 0 2

8 3 0 0 6 1 1

1 0 0 1 14 0 1

8 1 1 1 4 1 1

4 3 1 1 6 0 0

2 1 1 1 2 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 0

3 1 1 0 4 0 1

2 1 1 0 2 0 0

4 1 3 1 1 5 0

2 1 0 0 1 0 0

3 4 1 1 6 0 1

1 1 0 1 3 0 1


3/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR



QB10b Und zweitens?

Roumanie

Romania

Rumänien

EB73.3

Slovaquie

Slovakia

Slowakei

EB73.3

Espagne

Spain

Spanien

EB73.3

Suède

Sweden

Schweden

EB73.3

Pays-Bas

The Netherlands

Niederlande

EB73.3

Royaume-Uni

United Kingdom


EB73.3

Etats-Unis

United States

Vereinigte Staaten

EB73.3

0 0 3 1 1 2 2

0 0 7 0 4 3 2

1 0 2 0 1 3 1

0 6 2 0 1 3 2

0 0 3 8 1 6 3

0 0 4 1 2 2 2

0 0 4 1 2 2 2

0 0 2 1 1 2 1

0 0 1 3 0 2 1

0 0 3 0 0 6 8

1 0 2 1 1 1 1

0 0 0 1 1 2 2

0 0 6 0 1 2 2FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0 6 0 1 2 2

0 0 4 1 0 2 2

0 0 1 0 0 13 2

0 0 0 1 0 3 1

0 0 1 1 1 4 1

0 0 5 0 1 3 1

1 0 4 2 1 3 2

0 0 1 1 1 15 3

0 0 3 2 0 5 3

0 0 3 1 0 2 2

0 1 2 1 2 3 1

0 0 2 0 0 2 1

0 0 2 0 1 3 2

0 0 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0 1 2 2

0 0 2 4 1 2 2

0 0 6 0 0 7 5

0 0 3 0 1 0 3


4/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR



QB10b Und zweitens?

Israël

Israël

Israel

EB73.3

Maroc

Morocco

Marokko

EB73.3

Algérie

Algeria

Algerien

EB73.3

Albanie

Albania

Albanien

EB73.3

Russie

Russia

Russland

EB73.3

Chine

China

China

EB73.3

Turquie

Turkey

Türkei

EB73.3

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 1 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 2 0 0 1 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 2 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1

10 0 0 0 0 0


5/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR



QB10b Und zweitens?

Autre (SPECIFIER)

Other (SPECIFY)


EB73.3

Aucun

None

Keine

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

5 18 52

6 22 31

3 20 58

3 22 38

9 22 32

6 26 35

5 25 39

4 19 55

3 12 68

4 22 46

2 22 61

3 22 57

9 18 50FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

9 18 50

2 11 71

5 41 24

2 15 71

3 19 57

6 25 16

2 12 42

7 23 29

9 17 23

4 20 49

1 9 66

4 21 65

1 12 64

5 21 63

2 23 41

8 22 53

20 12 19

8 20 52


1/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR


QB10T Pays autres que (NOTRE PAYS) auxquels vous vous sentez le plus attaché(e)

QB10T Anderer Land als (UNSER LAND) mit dem Sie sich am meisten verbunden fühlen?

Bulgarien

EB73.3

Bulgarie

Bulgaria

Danemark

Denmark

Österreich

EB73.3

Belgique

Belgium

Belgien

EB73.3

Autriche

Austria


Czech Republic


EB73.3

Dänemark

EB73.3

Finlande

Finland

Finnland

EB73.3

Frankreich

EB73.3

France

France

4 2 0 1 1 1 8

3 0 0 0 0 1 38

1 1 0 1 0 0 3

7 0 1 0 1 0 6

3 0 0 0 0 0 5

17 1 0 1 5 0 10

16 0 0 2 4 0 9

13 0 0 5 2 1 4

1 0 0 0 1 19 1

1 0 0 0 1 0 8

1 1 2 0 0 0 6

0 1 1 0 0 0 13

1 5 0 0 1 0 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

1 5 0 0 1 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 9

0 0 1 0 0 0 2

1 0 0 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 2 0 2

4 14 0 0 1 1 40

15 1 0 1 1 2 7

2 0 0 1 0 0 3

6 16 0 1 4 0 19

0 0 0 1 1 0 5

2 1 1 2 0 0 4

0 1 0 0 0 0 13

2 0 0 0 1 0 8

10 0 0 0 0 0 1

5 0 1 44 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 1 0 2

3 0 0 0 12 6 8

1 1 0 0 0 0 9


2/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Allemagne

Germany

Deutschland

EB73.3

Grèce

Greece

Griechenland

EB73.3

Hongrie

Hungary

Ungarn

EB73.3

Irlande

Ireland

Irland

EB73.3

Italie

Italy

Italien

EB73.3

Pologne

Poland

Polen

EB73.3

Portugal

Portugal

Portugal

EB73.3

6 3 1 2 8 1 2

7 2 0 1 13 0 2

7 6 0 0 6 0 0

10 5 2 1 5 8 0

15 6 0 1 7 1 0

0 4 1 1 13 4 1

0 4 1 1 11 3 1

0 2 4 2 6 1 0

6 1 1 1 1 0 0

4 1 0 0 3 4 1

11 0 0 0 8 0 0

4 0 0 1 9 0 6

6 1 0 3 12 1 4FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

6 1 0 3 12 1 4

3 2 0 1 0 0 0

2 59 0 0 2 0 0

5 0 0 2 1 1 0

7 0 0 7 2 6 0

21 1 0 2 14 1 15

18 8 0 1 12 2 1

2 0 0 1 36 0 1

19 3 1 2 10 1 2

18 6 3 2 17 1 1

9 2 1 2 6 0 0

3 0 0 0 2 0 0

8 2 6 1 13 0 1

6 1 1 0 6 0 0

6 2 9 2 3 7 0

6 2 0 0 2 0 0

8 9 1 2 12 0 2

4 3 0 5 5 1 1


3/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Roumanie

Romania

Rumänien

EB73.3

Slovaquie

Slovakia

Slowakei

EB73.3

Espagne

Spain

Spanien

EB73.3

Suède

Sweden

Schweden

EB73.3

Pays-Bas

The Netherlands

Niederlande

EB73.3

Royaume-Uni

United Kingdom


EB73.3

Etats-Unis

United States

Vereinigte Staaten

EB73.3

0 1 8 2 2 5 5

0 0 14 0 9 5 4

1 0 6 0 1 6 4

0 40 3 1 1 7 3

0 0 8 20 1 14 7

0 0 9 2 6 4 4

0 0 8 3 5 4 4

0 0 5 3 2 3 4

0 0 2 6 1 5 2

0 0 9 1 1 26 17

1 0 4 2 1 5 3

2 0 0 1 1 6 4

0 0 17 1 1 5 4FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 0 17 1 1 5 4

0 0 9 1 1 6 7

1 0 1 0 1 22 4

0 0 1 2 1 7 2

0 0 3 2 1 12 3

1 0 8 0 2 4 3

3 1 7 3 3 7 5

0 0 2 1 1 47 6

0 0 9 4 0 11 6

1 1 5 1 1 3 5

0 1 4 1 4 7 3

0 0 10 0 1 6 2

0 0 7 1 1 5 4

0 0 1 1 0 1 1

0 0 2 0 1 3 3

0 0 5 23 1 6 5

0 0 12 0 1 16 12

0 0 11 1 2 0 10


4/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Israël

Israël

Israel

EB73.3

Maroc

Morocco

Marokko

EB73.3

Algérie

Algeria

Algerien

EB73.3

Albanie

Albania

Albanien

EB73.3

Russie

Russia

Russland

EB73.3

Chine

China

China

EB73.3

Turquie

Turkey

Türkei

EB73.3

0 1 0 0 1 0 1

0 2 0 0 0 0 2

0 0 0 0 9 0 5

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 3 0 4

0 0 0 0 3 0 4

1 0 0 0 4 0 2

0 0 0 0 9 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 1 2 0 1

0 1 0 0 1 0 0

1 4 1 0 1 1 0FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

1 4 1 0 1 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 11 0 0

0 0 0 0 11 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 3 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 2

20 0 0 0 0 1


5/5

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR




Autre (SPECIFIER)

Other (SPECIFY)


EB73.3

Aucun

None

Keine

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

12 62 5

11 51 1

6 75 3

5 50 6

22 50 2

12 55 4

11 58 4

8 68 5

9 46 22

9 63 4

6 79 3

12 77 1

17 50 11FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

17 50 11

5 73 7

10 65 0

7 76 7

8 69 5

10 40 1

6 50 3

18 44 2

20 38 1

8 65 3

5 67 7

11 74 9

2 64 6

21 80 1

4 52 9

15 69 5

38 29 1

20 63 4


1/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

QB11 Et quelles sont les trois raisons principales de votre attachement à (PAYS QB10a) ? (MAX. 3 REPONSES)

QB11 And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10a)? (ROTATE – MAX. 3 ANSWERS)

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e)

partenaire venant de ce pays

You live or have lived with a partner from

this country

QB11 Was sind die drei Hauptgründe dafür, dass Sie sich (LAND QB10a) verbunden fühlen? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 3 ANTWORTEN)

Sie haben enge Freunde, die aus diesem Land hierher gezogen sind

EB73.3

Vous avez des parents proches (frères, sœurs,

enfants, parents) qui vivent dans ce

pays

You have close relatives (brothers, sisters, children, parents) who live

in this country

Vous avez des amis proches

qui sont venus de ce pays pour

s’installer ici

You have close friends who have moved

here from this country

Sie haben nahe Verwandte

(Geschwister, Kinder, Eltern), die

in diesem Land leben

EB73.3


qui vivent dans ce pays


Sie haben enge Freunde, die in diesem Land

leben

EB73.3

Sie leben oder haben mit einem Partner / einer Partnerin aus

diesem Land zusammengelebt

EB73.3

Sie haben in diesem Land gearbeitet

(einschließlich unentgeltlicher

Arbeit und Praktika)

EB73.3

Vous avez étudié dans ce

pays

You have studied in this

country

Sie haben in diesem Land studiert oder sind dort zur

Schule gegangen

EB73.3

Vous avez travaillé (y compris comme

volontaire ou stagiaire) dans ce

pays

You have worked (including

volunteering and traineeships) in

this country

Sie haben aus einem anderen

Grund als Arbeit, Studium oder

Schule in diesem Land gelebt

EB73.3

Vous avez vécu dans ce pays pour d’autres raisons

que professionnelles ou pour y faire

des études

You have lived for reasons other than study or work in this

country

21 23 8 4 7 4 4

18 21 7 3 4 2 3

26 37 4 1 11 1 2

12 29 13 3 3 1 2

18 30 8 5 13 5 8

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

19 22 9 6 5 6 3

17 22 9 5 4 6 3

11 21 9 2 4 6 2

30 37 11 4 14 6 7

46 40 10 5 12 5 4

26 29 5 3 11 10 4

23 16 9 8 9 6 4

18 19 7 6 5 3 5

9 18 10 2 7 4 3

36 36 5 6 3 13 3

31 30 14 3 8 4 7

47 38 7 3 12 2 2

43 31 7 5 4 13 5

9 13 5 1 4 1 2

31 22 4 3 4 2 4

15 23 6 2 9 3 3

22 29 16 6 9 2 2

20 21 8 1 9 1 4

34 23 5 3 14 1 4

39 35 7 3 6 1 2

29 31 7 3 5 2 3

23 40 12 1 10 3 2

27 39 10 7 14 7 5

19 25 8 5 13 7 8

29 21 9 4 6 3 5


2/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK




Vous possédez un(des) bien(s) immobilier(s) dans ce pays

You own real property/

properties in this country

Sie besitzen Grundstücke

oder Immobilien in diesem Land

EB73.3

Vous passez régulièrement vos vacances/

week-ends dans ce pays



Sie verbringen in diesem Land

regelmäßig Ihren Urlaub /

Ihre Wochenenden

EB73.3

Vous suivez régulièrement

l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport

dans ce pays



Sie verfolgen regelmäßig die

Nachrichten, das kulturelle Leben oder

Sportereignisse in diesem Land

EB73.3

A la maison, vous mangez

régulièrement des plats typiques de

ce pays

You regularly eat food at home that is typical of this

country

Sie essen zu Hause häufig

Lebensmittel, die für dieses Land

typisch sind

EB73.3

Vous êtes né(e) ou vous avez vécu dans ce pays

You were born in this country or you lived there before

Sie wurden in diesem Land geboren oder haben früher

einmal dort gelebt

EB73.3

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Andere

EB73.3

Pas de raison particulière

(SPONTANE)


(SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Aus keinem

besonderen Grund

EB73.3

2 25 16 11 8 17 11

2 46 25 15 9 20 5

0 0 11 2 0 8 26

0 17 20 10 2 14 20

2 49 30 16 7 14 2

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

4 43 13 19 10 10 5

3 42 14 18 9 10 6

1 38 20 10 6 14 12

2 7 16 3 4 18 1

1 22 17 8 7 11 4

3 3 4 2 11 19 15

3 8 12 4 17 20 10

1 22 22 13 5 26 7

1 10 10 2 5 17 34

1 8 27 3 4 24 2

0 4 26 5 6 15 7

1 3 20 3 4 11 1

5 41 22 13 22 7 2

0 5 25 5 1 25 31

1 15 43 9 3 16 8

2 54 23 14 7 18 3

3 38 15 18 10 12 7

0 6 13 5 2 8 29

1 3 12 2 6 14 13

0 3 13 7 0 13 10

3 22 10 9 12 23 8

0 13 30 15 2 12 7

1 14 16 4 4 20 2

1 31 20 15 7 21 6

33 36 12 11 14 20


3/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK




NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

1

1

2

2

0

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

1

1

2

4

2

0

0

1

1

1

1

2

1

0

0

0

0

2

0

6

0

0

0

0

1


1/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

QB12 Et quelles sont les trois raisons principales de votre attachement à (PAYS QB10b) ? (MAX. 3 REPONSES)

QB12 And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10b)? (ROTATE – MAX. 3 ANSWERS)

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e) partenaire

venant de ce pays

You live or have lived with a

partner from this country

QB12 Und was sind die drei Hauptgründe dafür, dass Sie sich (LAND QB10b) verbunden fühlen? (ROTIEREN - MAX. 3 ANTWORTEN)


EB73.3


enfants, parents) qui

vivent dans ce pays

You have close relatives

(brothers, sisters,

children, parents) who

live in this



s’installer ici




(Geschwister, Kinder, Eltern), die in diesem Land leben

EB73.3





leben

EB73.3

Sie leben oder haben mit einem Partner / einer Partnerin aus diesem Land

zusammengelebt

EB73.3




EB73.3


pays


country


Schule gegangen

EB73.3

Vous avez travaillé (y

compris comme volontaire ou

stagiaire) dans ce pays



this country




EB73.3


que professionnelles

ou pour y faire des études

You have lived for reasons other than study or work in

this country

11 18 8 2 5 2 3

10 18 10 2 3 1 2

14 32 1 0 6 1 1

4 19 10 1 2 1 1CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

4 19 10 1 2 1 1

12 23 6 2 9 4 5

8 18 6 3 3 1 2

7 18 7 3 2 1 2

7 14 9 1 1 2 1

26 34 7 3 11 3 9

34 33 12 3 8 5 3

9 19 3 1 3 4 4

14 21 10 3 6 3 6

9 14 7 2 5 3 4

2 11 7 2 3 3 3

47 34 7 5 2 4 6

25 28 14 2 6 2 4

29 43 8 2 5 2 3

22 27 9 5 5 6 3

5 11 3 1 3 0 0

20 20 3 1 1 0 4

9 19 6 2 6 2 1

9 25 14 2 7 1 5

7 14 9 1 7 1 2

25 24 5 1 6 2 2

24 29 7 1 3 2 1

13 25 8 2 4 1 2

11 32 10 1 6 1 2

16 33 5 1 9 2 5

9 20 8 4 8 4 6

19 18 10 4 6 5 4


2/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ









EB73.3







Ihre Wochenenden

EB73.3


l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le sport

dans ce pays




Nachrichten, das kulturelle Leben oder

Sportereignisse in diesem Land

EB73.3

A la maison, vous mangez régulièrement

des plats typiques de ce

pays



country

Sie essen zu Hause häufig Lebensmittel, die für diese Land typisch

sind

EB73.3

Vous êtes né(e) ou vous avez vécu dans ce

pays


Sie wurden in diesem Land geboren oder haben früher einmal dort

gelebt

EB73.3

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Andere

EB73.3


(SPONTANE)


(SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Aus keinem

besonderen Grund

EB73.3

0 24 15 10 1 20 17

0 39 23 12 2 24 9

0 1 9 2 0 9 37

0 14 15 9 0 18 26CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0 14 15 9 0 18 26

1 50 31 18 1 18 5

1 42 16 18 0 16 8

1 41 17 18 0 16 9

1 36 26 14 0 16 12

0 10 14 5 1 18 1

1 20 16 10 0 14 9

0 3 4 1 1 23 35

0 4 10 5 4 26 14

0 16 17 9 1 29 13

0 4 8 1 0 18 50

1 5 20 6 2 16 4

0 2 24 5 1 27 7

0 2 22 1 1 14 0

2 39 25 13 5 15 5

0 3 19 5 1 24 42

1 14 44 15 2 14 14

1 51 26 13 2 21 3

1 37 12 20 3 17 8

0 6 13 5 1 8 42

0 2 12 3 2 14 21

0 3 12 7 1 19 15

0 17 11 6 1 38 6

1 13 17 11 0 17 12

0 16 14 4 1 35 4

1 27 19 13 3 28 9

71 35 10 11 3 18


3/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ




NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

1

1

2

2CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2

0

1

1

2

5

6

0

0

1

2

0

1

2

0

0

2

0

2

1

2

6

0

1

0

0

1


1/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

QB11_QB12 Et quelles sont les trois raisons principales de votre attachement à (PAYS QB10a + QB10b)

QB11_QB12 And what are the three main reasons you feel attached to (COUNTRY QB10a + QB10b)

Vous vivez ou avez vécu avec un(e)

partenaire venant de ce pays

You live or have lived with a

partner from this country

QB11_QB12 Was sind die drei Hauptgründe dafür, dass Sie sich (LAND QB10a + QB10b) verbunden fühlen?


EB73.3


enfants, parents) qui

vivent dans ce pays

You have close relatives

(brothers, sisters,

children, parents) who

live in this



s’installer ici




(Geschwister, Kinder, Eltern), die in diesem Land leben

EB73.3





leben

EB73.3

Sie leben oder haben mit einem Partner / einer Partnerin aus diesem Land

zusammengelebt

EB73.3




EB73.3


pays


country


Schule gegangen

EB73.3

Vous avez travaillé (y

compris comme volontaire ou

stagiaire) dans ce pays



this country




EB73.3


que professionnelles ou

pour y faire des études

You have lived for reasons other than study or work in

this country

24 28 12 5 9 5 5

21 28 13 4 6 2 3

30 40 4 1 13 2 2

14 34 17 3 4 1 2

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

22 38 11 6 16 7 10

21 29 12 7 6 7 4

20 28 12 7 6 7 4

13 23 12 3 4 7 2

39 42 13 5 15 7 10

52 47 14 6 15 7 5

28 31 6 4 11 11 6

26 23 13 9 11 7 6

22 24 9 7 7 4 6

10 21 14 3 8 5 4

45 41 7 8 4 15 5

37 39 17 4 9 5 8

52 47 10 4 13 3 3

50 41 12 8 7 17 7

12 17 6 1 5 1 2

37 28 5 3 4 2 5

20 32 10 3 11 4 4

25 36 22 7 11 2 4

23 26 12 2 11 2 5

39 25 7 4 15 1 5

42 39 8 3 7 2 2

31 37 10 4 6 3 4

27 48 16 1 12 3 3

30 45 12 7 16 8 7

24 34 12 8 17 9 11

34 26 13 6 8 5 7


2/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ



QB11_QB12 - Was sind die drei Hauptgründe dafür, dass Sie sich (LAND QB10a + QB10b) verbunden fühlen?






EB73.3







Ihre Wochenenden

EB73.3


l’actualité, la vie culturelle ou le

sport dans ce pays

You regularly follow news, cultural life or sports from this

country


Nachrichten, das kulturelle Leben

oder Sportereignisse in

diesem LandEB

73.3

A la maison, vous mangez régulièrement

des plats typiques de ce

pays



country

Sie essen zu Hause häufig Lebensmittel, die für diese Land typisch

sind

EB73.3

Vous êtes né(e) ou vous avez vécu dans ce

pays


Sie wurden in diesem Land geboren oder haben früher einmal dort

gelebt

EB73.3

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Andere

EB73.3


(SPONTANE)


(SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Aus keinem

besonderen Grund

EB73.3

2 30 20 14 8 22 15

2 52 32 19 9 27 9

0 1 13 3 0 11 33

0 21 22 13 2 20 27

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

3 59 38 22 7 20 4

4 50 18 24 10 14 8

4 49 19 23 9 15 9

2 42 23 15 6 17 15

2 10 19 5 4 21 1

2 28 21 11 7 16 8

3 3 5 3 11 22 22

3 9 14 6 18 24 14

1 26 24 16 5 32 12

1 12 13 2 5 21 43

2 10 31 6 5 28 4

0 5 30 7 6 24 9

1 3 23 3 5 15 1

6 52 32 19 24 15 5

0 6 28 8 2 30 41

1 17 49 14 4 20 12

3 65 32 19 8 24 4

4 48 19 27 11 17 10

0 8 17 7 2 11 37

1 4 13 3 6 16 16

0 4 16 9 1 17 13

3 25 11 10 12 29 10

1 18 36 20 3 19 12

1 17 19 5 4 28 4

2 40 27 21 9 32 10

54 42 15 14 15 23


3/3

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

QB11_QB12 - Was sind die drei Hauptgründe dafür, dass Sie sich (LAND QB10a + QB10b) verbunden fühlen?



NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

1

0

1

2

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

0

1

1

2

3

2

0

0

0

1

1

1

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

0

0

0

0

1


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1EU 27 49 0 38 0 10 0 3 0 0 0 87 0 13 0

BE 35 -13 41 6 19 6 5 1 0 0 76 -7 24 7

BG 77 6 16 -8 5 0 2 2 0 0 93 -2 7 2

CZ 27 -1 56 3 14 -1 1 -1 2 0 83 2 15 -2

DK 56 1 32 0 10 -2 2 1 0 0 88 1 12 -1

D-W 48 3 37 -1 12 -3 3 1 0 0 85 2 15 -2

DE 48 1 37 -1 13 0 2 0 0 0 85 0 15 0

D-E 50 -4 36 -2 12 5 1 0 1 1 86 -6 13 5

EE 46 4 37 0 14 -4 3 0 0 0 83 4 17 -4

QB13.1 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT A) Votre ville ou village

QB13.1 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (ONLY TO SPLIT A) Your city/ town/ village

QB13.1 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (NUR AN SPLIT A) Ihrem Dorf bzw. Ihrer Stadt

Très attaché(e)Pas très

attaché(e)NSP

Total 'Pas attaché(e)'

Very attachedNot at all attached

Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached

Nicht sehr verbunden

Pas du tout attaché(e)

Überhaupt nicht verbunden

Total 'Not attached'

Gesamt 'Nicht verbunden'

DK

WNSehr verbunden

IE 65 10 27 -9 7 1 1 -1 0 -1 92 1 8 0

EL 60 -15 36 14 3 1 1 0 0 0 96 -1 4 1

ES 61 1 31 -4 6 3 2 1 0 -1 92 -3 8 4

FR 36 -5 39 2 15 0 10 3 0 0 75 -3 25 3

IT 55 8 40 -2 4 -5 1 -1 0 0 95 6 5 -6

CY 69 14 22 -9 9 -3 0 -2 0 0 91 5 9 -5

LV 58 5 31 -3 9 -1 2 -1 0 0 89 2 11 -2

LT 47 3 43 1 7 -4 2 0 1 0 90 4 9 -4

LU 38 -8 38 3 18 2 6 4 0 -1 76 -5 24 6

HU 55 -4 35 6 7 -3 3 1 0 0 90 2 10 -2

MT 42 -9 30 8 21 5 6 -4 1 0 72 -1 27 1

NL 26 -5 38 -3 27 4 9 4 0 0 64 -8 36 8

AT 58 2 34 -1 7 -1 1 1 0 -1 92 1 8 0

PL 57 1 38 2 4 -2 1 -1 0 0 95 3 5 -3

PT 56 16 40 -13 4 -2 0 -1 0 0 96 3 4 -3

RO 60 9 34 -5 5 -3 1 0 0 -1 94 4 6 -3

SI 63 -1 28 2 7 -1 2 0 0 0 91 1 9 -1

SK 51 5 42 0 6 -4 1 -1 0 0 93 5 7 -5

FI 39 5 43 -6 16 2 2 -1 0 0 82 -1 18 1

SE 41 -9 41 3 15 5 3 1 0 0 82 -6 18 6

UK 42 -2 42 4 12 -1 4 -1 0 0 84 2 16 -2


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1EU 27 49 0 37 -1 11 1 3 0 0 0 86 -1 14 1

BE 33 -15 43 8 17 4 6 2 1 1 76 -7 23 6

BG 74 3 20 -4 4 -1 1 1 1 1 94 -1 5 0

CZ 32 4 51 -2 14 -1 2 0 1 -1 83 2 16 -1

DK 54 -1 30 -2 14 2 2 1 0 0 84 -3 16 3

D-W 47 2 40 2 9 -6 3 1 1 1 87 4 12 -5

DE 49 2 38 0 10 -3 3 1 0 0 87 2 13 -2

D E 53 1 32 6 14 7 1 0 0 0 85 7 15 7

QB13.2 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT B) La ville ou le village dans lequel vous vivez

QB13.2 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (ONLY TO SPLIT B) The city/ town/ village where you live

QB13.2 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (NUR AN SPLIT B) Dem Dorf bzw. der Stadt, in dem / der Sie leben


attaché(e)NSP



Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached






DK

WNSehr verbunden

D-E 53 -1 32 -6 14 7 1 0 0 0 85 -7 15 7

EE 46 4 38 1 13 -5 3 0 0 0 84 5 16 -5

IE 66 11 26 -10 7 1 0 -2 1 0 92 1 7 -1

EL 62 -13 33 11 5 3 0 -1 0 0 95 -2 5 2

ES 63 3 30 -5 6 3 1 0 0 -1 93 -2 7 3

FR 33 -8 39 2 20 5 8 1 0 0 72 -6 28 6

IT 56 9 37 -5 6 -3 1 -1 0 0 93 4 7 -4

CY 67 12 26 -5 7 -5 0 -2 0 0 93 7 7 -7

LV 61 8 28 -6 10 0 1 -2 0 0 89 2 11 -2

LT 48 4 41 -1 10 -1 1 -1 0 -1 89 3 11 -2

LU 42 -4 39 4 15 -1 4 2 0 -1 81 0 19 1

HU 58 -1 33 4 7 -3 2 0 0 0 91 3 9 -3

MT 48 -3 27 5 17 1 6 -4 2 1 75 2 23 -3

NL 28 -3 36 -5 29 6 7 2 0 0 64 -8 36 8

AT 62 6 33 -2 4 -4 1 1 0 -1 95 4 5 -3

PL 57 1 35 -1 5 -1 2 0 1 1 92 0 7 -1

PT 49 9 46 -7 4 -2 1 0 0 0 95 2 5 -2

RO 59 8 37 -2 3 -5 1 0 0 -1 96 6 4 -5

SI 63 -1 30 4 6 -2 1 -1 0 0 93 3 7 -3

SK 52 6 37 -5 9 -1 1 -1 1 1 89 1 10 -2

FI 33 -1 51 2 12 -2 4 1 0 0 84 1 16 -1

SE 39 -11 43 5 15 5 3 1 0 0 82 -6 18 6

UK 44 0 37 -1 14 1 4 -1 1 1 81 -1 18 0


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1EU 27 49 0 38 0 10 0 3 0 0 0

BE 34 -14 42 7 18 5 6 2 0 0

BG 75 4 18 -6 4 -1 2 2 1 1

CZ 30 2 53 0 14 -1 2 0 1 -1

DK 55 0 31 -1 12 0 2 1 0 0

D-W 47 2 39 1 11 -4 3 1 0 0

DE 48 1 38 0 11 -2 3 1 0 0

D-E 51 -3 34 -4 13 6 2 1 0 0

EE 46 4 38 1 13 -5 3 0 0 0

QB13.1_2 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à...Votre ville ou village - La ville ou le village dans lequel vous vivez

QB13.1_2 People may feel different levels of attachment to ...Your city/town/village - The city/town/village where you live

QB13.1_2 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit…Ihrem Dorf bzw. Ihrer Stadt - Dem Dorf bzw. der Stadt, in dem / der Sie leben

Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden


attaché(e)NSP


Not at all attached

DK

WN

Not very attached



Very attached

Sehr verbunden

IE 65 10 27 -9 7 1 0 -2 1 0

EL 61 -14 35 13 4 2 0 -1 0 0

ES 62 2 31 -4 6 3 1 0 0 -1

FR 34 -7 39 2 18 3 9 2 0 0

IT 56 9 38 -4 5 -4 1 -1 0 0

CY 68 13 24 -7 8 -4 0 -2 0 0

LV 60 7 29 -5 9 -1 2 -1 0 0

LT 47 3 42 0 9 -2 2 0 0 -1

LU 40 -6 38 3 17 1 5 3 0 -1

HU 57 -2 34 5 7 -3 2 0 0 0

MT 45 -6 28 6 19 3 6 -4 2 1

NL 27 -4 37 -4 28 5 8 3 0 0

AT 60 4 34 -1 5 -3 1 1 0 -1

PL 57 1 37 1 4 -2 1 -1 1 1

PT 52 12 43 -10 4 -2 1 0 0 0

RO 59 8 36 -3 4 -4 1 0 0 -1

SI 63 -1 29 3 7 -1 1 -1 0 0

SK 51 5 39 -3 8 -2 1 -1 1 1

FI 36 2 47 -2 14 0 3 0 0 0

SE 40 -10 42 4 15 5 3 1 0 0

UK 43 -1 40 2 13 0 4 -1 0 0


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1EU 27 47 2 41 1 10 -2 2 -1 0 0 88 3 12 -3

BE 34 -14 47 11 16 3 3 0 0 0 81 -3 19 3

BG 68 8 24 -7 5 -1 3 1 0 -1 92 1 8 0

CZ 25 -5 59 6 14 -1 1 -1 1 1 84 1 15 -2

DK 40 -11 34 4 23 8 3 0 0 -1 74 -7 26 8

D-W 48 10 40 -4 10 -6 2 0 0 0 88 6 12 -6

DE 48 8 40 -3 10 -5 2 0 0 0 88 5 12 -5

D-E 44 -2 43 -1 11 3 1 -1 1 1 87 -3 12 2

EE 45 0 39 1 14 -1 2 1 0 -1 84 1 16 0

QB13.3 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT A) Votre région

QB13.3 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (ONLY TO SPLIT A) Your region

QB13.3 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit…

(NUR AN SPLIT A) Ihrer Region


attaché(e)NSP



Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached






DK

WNSehr verbunden

IE 64 10 30 -5 5 -4 1 0 0 -1 94 5 6 -4

EL 62 -12 34 12 3 -1 1 1 0 0 96 0 4 0

ES 51 -2 38 3 9 -1 1 -1 1 1 89 1 10 -2

FR 40 -2 43 5 13 -1 4 -2 0 0 83 3 17 -3

IT 53 16 42 -8 5 -6 0 -1 0 -1 95 8 5 -7

CY 68 17 22 -13 8 -4 2 0 0 0 90 4 10 -4

LV 53 3 35 0 9 -3 3 1 0 -1 88 3 12 -2

LT 41 1 45 2 12 -2 1 -2 1 1 86 3 13 -4

LU 45 -1 44 6 9 -3 1 -2 1 0 89 5 10 -5

HU 51 -5 37 5 8 -2 4 2 0 0 88 0 12 0

MT 38 -2 29 -7 19 3 10 6 4 0 67 -9 29 9

NL 23 -8 43 7 26 2 8 -1 0 0 66 -1 34 1

AT 56 5 36 -4 7 -1 1 0 0 0 92 1 8 -1

PL 55 4 40 -1 4 -2 1 0 0 -1 95 3 5 -2

PT 54 -2 42 7 4 -4 0 -1 0 0 96 5 4 -5

RO 55 5 38 -4 5 -1 1 0 1 0 93 1 6 -1

SI 58 2 32 -3 8 0 2 1 0 0 90 -1 10 1

SK 46 10 48 -5 6 -4 0 -1 0 0 94 5 6 -5

FI 42 -3 45 1 12 2 1 0 0 0 87 -2 13 2

SE 32 -14 47 10 19 4 2 0 0 0 79 -4 21 4

UK 40 -2 44 4 13 -1 3 -1 0 0 84 2 16 -2


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1EU 27 47 2 41 1 10 -2 2 -1 0 0 88 3 12 -3

BE 35 -13 44 8 15 2 5 2 1 1 79 -5 20 4

BG 67 7 27 -4 3 -3 2 0 1 0 94 3 5 -3

CZ 31 1 57 4 11 -4 1 -1 0 0 88 5 12 -5

DK 43 -8 33 3 23 8 1 -2 0 -1 76 -5 24 6

D-W 44 6 45 1 9 -7 2 0 0 0 89 7 11 -7

DE 46 6 42 -1 10 -5 2 0 0 0 88 5 12 -5

D-E 50 4 34 -10 13 5 3 1 0 0 84 -6 16 6

EE 42 -3 40 2 15 0 3 2 0 -1 82 -1 18 2

QB13.4 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (UNIQUEMENT AU SPLIT B) La région où vous vivez

QB13.4 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (ONLY TO SPLIT B) The region where you live

QB13.4 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (NUR AN SPLIT B) Der Region, in der Sie leben


attaché(e)NSP



Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached






DK

WNSehr verbunden

EE 42 3 40 2 15 0 3 2 0 1 82 1 18 2

IE 63 9 29 -6 6 -3 1 0 1 0 92 3 7 -3

EL 62 -12 33 11 4 0 1 1 0 0 95 -1 5 1

ES 55 2 36 1 8 -2 1 -1 0 0 91 3 9 -3

FR 36 -6 43 5 16 2 5 -1 0 0 79 -1 21 1

IT 53 16 42 -8 3 -8 1 0 1 0 95 8 4 -8

CY 61 10 28 -7 9 -3 2 0 0 0 89 3 11 -3

LV 55 5 31 -4 11 -1 2 0 1 0 86 1 13 -1

LT 42 2 46 3 10 -4 1 -2 1 1 88 5 11 -6

LU 46 0 40 2 11 -1 2 -1 1 0 86 2 13 -2

HU 52 -4 37 5 10 0 1 -1 0 0 89 1 11 -1

MT 48 8 30 -6 12 -4 7 3 3 -1 78 2 19 -1

NL 25 -6 43 7 25 1 7 -2 0 0 68 1 32 -1

AT 60 9 34 -6 5 -3 1 0 0 0 94 3 6 -3

PL 55 4 38 -3 5 -1 2 1 0 -1 93 1 7 0

PT 52 -4 44 9 3 -5 1 0 0 0 96 5 4 -5

RO 56 6 38 -4 4 -2 1 0 1 0 94 2 5 -2

SI 60 4 32 -3 7 -1 1 0 0 0 92 1 8 -1

SK 49 13 42 -11 7 -3 1 0 1 1 91 2 8 -3

FI 36 -9 51 7 11 1 2 1 0 0 87 -2 13 2

SE 32 -14 45 8 19 4 4 2 0 0 77 -6 23 6

UK 42 0 43 3 11 -3 4 0 0 0 85 3 15 -3


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

67.1EU 27 47 2 41 1 10 -2 2 -1 0 0

BE 35 -13 45 9 16 3 4 1 0 0

BG 68 8 26 -5 4 -2 2 0 0 -1

CZ 28 -2 58 5 12 -3 1 -1 1 1

DK 42 -9 33 3 23 8 2 -1 0 -1

D-W 47 9 42 -2 9 -7 2 0 0 0

DE 47 7 41 -2 10 -5 2 0 0 0

D-E 48 2 38 -6 12 4 2 0 0 0

EE 43 -2 40 2 14 -1 3 2 0 -1

IE 63 9 29 -6 6 -3 1 0 1 0

QB13.3_4 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à...Votre région - La région où vous vivez

QB13.3_4 People may feel different levels of attachment to ...Your region - The region where you live

QB13.3_4 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit…Ihrer Region - Der Region, in der Sie leben

Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden


attaché(e)NSP


Not at all attached

DK

WN

Not very attached



Very attached

Sehr verbunden

EL 62 -12 33 11 4 0 1 1 0 0

ES 53 0 37 2 8 -2 1 -1 1 1

FR 38 -4 43 5 14 0 5 -1 0 0

IT 53 16 42 -8 4 -7 1 0 0 -1

CY 64 13 25 -10 9 -3 2 0 0 0

LV 54 4 33 -2 10 -2 3 1 0 -1

LT 42 2 45 2 11 -3 1 -2 1 1

LU 45 -1 42 4 10 -2 2 -1 1 0

HU 51 -5 38 6 9 -1 2 0 0 0

MT 43 3 29 -7 15 -1 9 5 4 0

NL 24 -7 43 7 26 2 7 -2 0 0

AT 58 7 35 -5 6 -2 1 0 0 0

PL 55 4 39 -2 5 -1 1 0 0 -1

PT 53 -3 43 8 3 -5 1 0 0 0

RO 56 6 38 -4 4 -2 1 0 1 0

SI 59 3 32 -3 8 0 1 0 0 0

SK 47 11 45 -8 6 -4 1 0 1 1

FI 39 -6 48 4 11 1 2 1 0 0

SE 32 -14 46 9 19 4 3 1 0 0

UK 41 -1 44 4 12 -2 3 -1 0 0


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1EU 27 56 4 37 -2 6 -1 1 -1 0 0 93 2 7 -2

BE 30 -12 52 10 14 2 4 0 0 0 82 -2 18 2

BG 81 10 14 -9 2 -3 1 1 2 1 95 1 3 -2

CZ 38 6 54 -2 7 -3 1 0 0 -1 92 4 8 -3

DK 83 2 15 -2 2 0 0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0

D-W 53 9 40 -7 6 -2 1 0 0 0 93 2 7 -2

DE 51 8 40 -7 7 -2 1 0 1 1 91 1 8 -2

D-E 44 4 43 -5 11 0 2 1 0 0 87 -1 13 1

EE 66 9 31 -5 3 -3 0 -1 0 0 97 4 3 -4

QB13.5 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (NOTRE PAYS)

QB13.5 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (OUR COUNTRY)

QB13.5 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (UNSEREM LAND)


attaché(e)NSP



Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached






DK

WNSehr verbunden

IE 72 13 26 -8 2 -2 0 -2 0 -1 98 5 2 -4

EL 76 0 23 2 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 99 2 1 -2

ES 53 3 37 -5 8 2 2 1 0 -1 90 -2 10 3

FR 54 -2 41 5 5 -1 0 -2 0 0 95 3 5 -3

IT 61 11 36 -5 2 -5 1 -1 0 0 97 6 3 -6

CY 86 20 12 -18 2 -1 0 -1 0 0 98 2 2 -2

LV 69 11 22 -8 6 -3 2 0 1 0 91 3 8 -3

LT 59 4 35 -2 5 -2 1 0 0 0 94 2 6 -2

LU 59 9 33 -8 7 0 1 -1 0 0 92 1 8 -1

HU 69 0 28 4 3 -3 0 -1 0 0 97 4 3 -4

MT 65 -1 29 3 3 -2 2 -1 1 1 94 2 5 -3

NL 38 -7 44 4 16 2 2 1 0 0 82 -3 18 3

AT 65 8 30 -6 5 -1 0 0 0 -1 95 2 5 -1

PL 67 3 32 -1 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 99 2 1 -2

PT 58 16 40 -12 2 -3 0 -1 0 0 98 4 2 -4

RO 55 8 37 -6 6 -1 1 -1 1 0 92 2 7 -2

SI 67 1 28 -1 4 0 1 0 0 0 95 0 5 0

SK 52 10 44 -4 3 -6 0 -1 1 1 96 6 3 -7

FI 66 3 31 -4 2 0 1 1 0 0 97 -1 3 1

SE 56 -10 38 8 6 2 0 0 0 0 94 -2 6 2

UK 51 3 40 4 8 -4 1 -2 0 -1 91 7 9 -6


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

QB13.6 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (PAYS QB10a)

QB13.6 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (COUNTRY QB10a)

QB13.6 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (LAND QB10a)


attaché(e)NSP


Very attachedNot very attached

DKTotal 'Not attached'

EB73.3

Sehr verbunden

EB73.3

Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

EB73.3

EB73.3

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

EB73.3


EB73.3


Not at all attached



EB73.3

16 50 28 4 2 66 32

WN

59 31

17 49 31 3 0 66

34 11 4 51

34

16 43 26 5 10

45

12 55 32 1 0 67 33

6 45

75 24

18 57 22 2 1 75

24 0 0 76

24

18 57 22 2 1

24

6 35 50 8 1 41 58

15 61

24 48 19 2 7 72 21IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

64 36

24 48 19 2 7 72

34 9 0 57

21

14 50 32 4 0

43

20 55 23 1 1 75 24

19 38

75 25

18 48 27 6 1 66

37 12 1 50

33

29 46 24 1 0

49

6 36 49 9 0 42 58

8 42

42 57

32 53 9 0 6 85

31 8 1 60

9

8 34 39 18 1

39

10 43 43 4 0 53 47

20 40

48 44

19 61 19 1 0 80

32 7 0 61

20

8 40 32 12 8

39

15 48 23 2 12 63 25

8 53

75 24

12 43 38 6 1 55

44 4 0 52

44

12 63 23 1 1

48

19 57 23 1 0 76 24

6 46

1 67 3218 49 27 5


%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

QB13.7 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … (PAYS QB10b)

QB13.7 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… (COUNTRY QB10b)

QB13.7 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… (LAND QB10b)


attaché(e)NSP


Very attachedNot very attached

DKTotal 'Not attached'

EB73.3

Sehr verbunden

EB73.3

Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

EB73.3

EB73.3

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

EB73.3


EB73.3


Not at all attached



EB73.3

9 46 37 6 2 55 43

WN

53 39

8 48 40 4 0 56

41 13 4 42

44

10 43 32 7 8

54

5 50 43 2 0 55 45

4 38

63 36

10 52 34 2 2 62

30 0 0 70

36

10 53 34 2 1

30

2 31 56 10 1 33 66

8 62

18 45 27 4 6 63 31IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

47 53

18 45 27 4 6 63

47 14 0 39

31

6 41 45 8 0

61

12 57 28 2 1 69 30

10 29

51 48

13 43 35 7 2 56

39 18 1 42

42

13 38 44 4 1

57

3 28 57 12 0 31 69

3 39

34 65

15 57 23 2 3 72

36 12 3 49

25

5 29 42 23 1

48

4 36 52 8 0 40 60

14 35

36 53

12 65 22 1 0 77

44 6 1 49

23

6 30 35 18 11

50

10 45 32 3 10 55 35

4 45

60 39

6 39 45 9 1 45

53 6 1 40

54

8 52 37 2 1

59

8 58 32 2 0 66 34

2 38

2 56 427 49 38 4


%EB

73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1

EB73.3

Diff.EB

68.1EU 27 12 1 41 3 32 -1 13 -2 2 -1 53 4 45 -3

BE 10 -10 40 -5 34 8 16 8 0 -1 50 -15 50 16

BG 15 7 39 7 29 2 12 -9 5 -7 54 14 41 -7

CZ 4 -1 36 2 42 3 15 -2 3 -2 40 1 57 1

DK 7 -5 31 0 42 -4 18 9 2 0 38 -5 60 5

D-W 14 1 44 3 33 -1 7 -3 2 0 58 4 40 -4

DE 13 1 42 2 34 -1 9 -2 2 0 55 3 43 -3

D-E 8 -1 35 1 37 -4 19 4 1 0 43 0 56 0

EE 5 -1 30 2 43 -5 20 3 2 1 35 1 63 -2

QB13.8 Les gens peuvent se sentir attachés à des degrés divers à leur ville ou village, à leur région, à leur pays ou à l'Union européenne. Veuillez me dire dans quelle mesure vous vous sentez attaché(e) à … L’Union européenne

QB13.8 People may feel different levels of attachment to their village, town or city,to their region, to their country or to the European Union. Please tell me how attached you feel to… The European Union

QB13.8 Man kann sich ja unterschiedlich stark verbunden fühlen mit seinem Dorf oder seiner Stadt, seiner Region, seinem Land oder der Europäischen Union. Bitte sagen Sie mir, wie stark Sie sich verbunden fühlen mit… Der Europäischen Union


attaché(e)NSP



Assez attaché(e)

Fairly attached

Ziemlich verbunden

Total 'Attaché(e)'

Total 'Attached'

Gesamt 'Verbunden'

Not very attached






DK

WNSehr verbunden

IE 11 1 41 3 30 0 11 -5 7 1 52 4 41 -5

EL 8 4 37 4 39 -2 16 -6 0 0 45 8 55 -8

ES 14 2 47 6 30 1 8 -6 1 -3 61 8 38 -5

FR 11 -5 44 3 32 3 12 -1 1 0 55 -2 44 2

IT 22 9 51 7 21 -10 5 -4 1 -2 73 16 26 -14

CY 7 3 22 1 46 2 24 -5 1 -1 29 4 70 -3

LV 9 0 40 4 31 -2 19 0 1 -2 49 4 50 -2

LT 7 -1 30 2 41 -3 20 3 2 -1 37 1 61 0

LU 21 1 48 10 21 -8 7 -3 3 0 69 11 28 -11

HU 16 -1 42 9 31 -4 9 -4 2 0 58 8 40 -8

MT 12 -7 38 8 29 6 19 -6 2 -1 50 1 48 0

NL 7 1 26 0 43 -6 24 5 0 0 33 1 67 -1

AT 13 1 41 12 36 -4 9 -8 1 -1 54 13 45 -12

PL 13 1 51 0 24 0 8 0 4 -1 64 1 32 0

PT 8 2 46 0 35 -3 11 2 0 -1 54 2 46 -1

RO 9 -10 37 0 30 6 11 2 13 2 46 -10 41 8

SI 8 -4 35 -1 44 7 12 -1 1 -1 43 -5 56 6

SK 14 5 48 15 31 -12 4 -9 3 1 62 20 35 -21

FI 4 1 29 5 49 -5 16 -2 2 1 33 6 65 -7

SE 5 -4 32 -2 46 7 16 1 1 -2 37 -6 62 8

UK 5 1 24 1 37 0 33 0 1 -2 29 2 70 0


%

EU 27

BE

QB14.1 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, pouvez-vous me dire laquelle de ces situations s’applique à vous. Vous avez le sentiment d’appartenir à

QB14.1 For each of the following statements, please tell me which situation applies to you. You have the feeling that you belong to

QB14.1 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der folgenden Aussagen, welche Situation auf Sie zutrifft Sie haben das Gefühl, dass Sie

Un des groupes majoritaires en (NOTRE PAYS)

Ni l’un ni l’autre – Pas de groupe en

particulier (SPONTANE)

NSP

One of the majority groups

in (OUR COUNTRY)

zu einer Mehrheitsgruppe in (UNSEREM LAND) gehören

/ gehört

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

Un des groupes minoritaires en

(NOTRE PAYS) en termes de religion, de culture ou

d’origine ethnique

One of the minority groups in (OUR COUNTRY)

in terms of religion, culture or

ethnic origin

in religiöser, kultureller oder

ethnischer Hinsicht zu einer

Minderheit in (UNSEREM LAND) gehören / gehört

EB73.3

EB73.3

Spontan: weder zur einer Mehrheit

noch zu einer Minderheit

gehören / gehört - keine bestimmte

Gruppe

DK

WN

EB73.3

70 9 16 1 4

Neither one nor the other – No specific group

(SPONTANEOUS)

EB73.3

65 10 23 1

EB73.3

1BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

2

65 10 23 1

0

85 4 8 1

1

82 9 6 1

3

77 8 11 1

2

91 7 2 0

5

70 7 18 0

3

76 8 12 1

1

71 7 16 2

5

70 10 14 1

4

78 13 4 1

4

65 4 29 1

1

58 6 26 4

4

57 10 28 1

6

62 11 20 1

6

88 3 8 0

1

51 18 23 1

6

67 7 19 1

1

75 6 8 0

7

64 7 25 3

8

68 7 20 3

11

87 9 3 0

10

35 7 46 2

2

76 4 11 1

2

72 7 18 2

10

58 8 22 2

1

90 4 5 0

1

76 9 12 1

476 14 6 0

1

87 6 5 1


%

QB14.2 Pour chacune des propositions suivantes, pouvez-vous me dire laquelle de ces situations s’applique à vous. Vous avez le sentiment que les gens en (NOTRE PAYS) vous perçoivent généralement comme appartenant à

QB14.2 For each of the following statements, please tell me which situation applies to you. You have the feeling that people in (OUR COUNTRY) generally perceive you as belonging to

QB14.2 Bitte sagen Sie mir für jede der folgenden Aussagen, welche Situation auf Sie zutrifft Sie haben das Gefühl, dass die Menschen in (UNSEREM LAND) Sie im Allgemeinen für jemanden halten, der

Un des groupes majoritaires en (NOTRE PAYS)

Ni l’un ni l’autre – Pas de groupe en

particulier (SPONTANE)

NSP

One of the majority groups

in (OUR COUNTRY)

zu einer Mehrheitsgruppe in (UNSEREM LAND) gehören

/ gehört

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

Un des groupes minoritaires en

(NOTRE PAYS) en termes de religion,

de culture ou d’origine ethnique

One of the minority groups in (OUR

COUNTRY) in terms of religion, culture

or ethnic origin

in religiöser, kultureller oder

ethnischer Hinsicht zu einer Minderheit

in (UNSEREM LAND) gehören /

gehört

EB73.3

EB73.3

Spontan: weder zur einer Mehrheit noch zu einer Minderheit gehören / gehört - keine bestimmte

Gruppe

DK

WN

EB73.3

Neither one nor the other – No specific

group (SPONTANEOUS)

EB73.3

EB73.3

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

70 8 14 1 7

5

66 8 23 1

1

85 4 8 1

2

80 9 6 0

4

77 8 10 1

2

92 5 2 0

7

68 6 19 1

4

75 8 12 1

1

71 6 15 2

6

70 9 13 1

8

79 13 2 1

6

65 4 29 1

4

57 7 22 3

5

56 7 28 1

8

61 8 19 2

11

84 3 8 1

3

46 22 23 0

10

66 4 21 1

1

73 6 6 0

9

63 7 23 4

11

65 9 20 2

15

90 7 2 0

14

37 6 37 2

4

75 2 10 2

4

72 6 18 2

18

55 7 22 2

2

90 5 4 0

2

75 9 11 1

576 13 6 0

1

87 5 5 1


1/2

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

QB15 Sans tenir compte du fait que vous-même ou les autres pensent que vous appartenez à la majorité ou à un groupe minoritaire, pour lesquelles des raisons suivantes, s’il y en a, est-ce que les gens en (NOTRE PAYS) pourraient vous percevoir comme appartenant à un groupe en particulier ? Si vous n’avez pas d’opinion ou préférez ne pas répondre, dites-le moi. (PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QB15 Regardless of whether you or others think that you belong to the majority or to a minority group, for which of the following reasons, if any, could people in (OUR COUNTRY) perceive you as belonging to a specific group? If you have no opinion or prefer not to answer, please say so. (MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)QB15 Bitte sagen Sie mir, unabhängig davon, ob Sie sich selbst oder andere Sie einer Mehrheitsgruppe oder einer Minderheit zuordnen, aus welchen der folgenden Gründe, sofern überhaupt, die Menschen in (UNSEREM LAND) Sie einer bestimmten Gruppe zuordnen könnten. Falls Sie keine Meinung dazu haben oder nicht antworten möchten, sagen Sie dies bitte. (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

Votre apparence ou

votre condition physique

Your physical condition or appearance

Ihre körperliche Verfassung

oder Erscheinung

EB73.3

Votre religion

Your religion

Ihre Religionszugehö

rigkeit

EB73.3

Votre nom

Your name

Ihr Name

EB73.3

Votre âge

Your age

Ihr Alter

EB73.3

L’endroit où vous vivez

The area where you live

Die Gegend, in der Sie wohnen

EB73.3

La couleur de votre peau ou vos origines ethniques

Your skin colour or ethnic origin

Ihre Hautfarbe oder ethnische

Herkunft

EB73.3

Vos vêtements, la façon dont

vous vous habillez

Your clothes, the way you are

dressed

Ihre Kleidung / die Art, wie Sie

sich kleiden

EB73.3

14 17 15 7 19 22 9

17 12 19 9 16 27 10

11 25 19 4 14 23 4

22 5 12 6 33 29 11

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

20 12 18 4 9 19 14

11 18 20 4 22 26 12

11 17 18 5 21 26 12

12 13 11 10 21 25 12

11 5 21 9 35 15 9

19 20 24 6 29 30 8

6 43 14 6 17 26 6

11 9 6 6 15 11 5

12 9 14 7 9 12 8

16 20 15 6 22 20 8

18 49 32 1 18 22 6

11 6 15 5 19 11 7

6 11 14 7 13 7 2

11 11 14 5 13 13 5

13 6 12 7 21 18 9

6 36 6 3 20 15 7

26 16 19 12 19 34 17

15 33 17 10 27 37 20

7 26 10 6 22 14 4

13 15 4 4 10 28 7

6 30 13 10 26 12 4

13 11 16 5 18 13 7

6 9 8 6 24 14 3

23 13 21 12 19 17 11

36 16 44 9 21 39 19

22 18 18 9 20 37 12


2/2

%

EU 27

BE

BG

CZ

QB15 Sans tenir compte du fait que vous-même ou les autres pensent que vous appartenez à la majorité ou à un groupe minoritaire, pour lesquelles des raisons suivantes, s’il y en a, est-ce que les gens en (NOTRE PAYS) pourraient vous percevoir comme appartenant à un groupe en particulier ? Si vous n’avez pas d’opinion ou préférez ne pas répondre, dites-le moi. (PLUSIEURS REPONSES POSSIBLES)

QB15 Regardless of whether you or others think that you belong to the majority or to a minority group, for which of the following reasons, if any, could people in (OUR COUNTRY) perceive you as belonging to a specific group? If you have no opinion or prefer not to answer, please say so. (MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE)

QB15 Bitte sagen Sie mir, unabhängig davon, ob Sie sich selbst oder andere Sie einer Mehrheitsgruppe oder einer Minderheit zuordnen, aus welchen der folgenden Gründe, sofern überhaupt, die Menschen in (UNSEREM LAND) Sie einer bestimmten Gruppe zuordnen könnten. Falls Sie keine Meinung dazu haben oder nicht antworten möchten, sagen Sie dies bitte. (MEHRFACHNENNUNGEN MÖGLICH)

La langue que vous parlez, votre accent

Your language or accent

Ihre Sprache oder Ihr Akzent

EB73.3

Votre environnement

social

Your social background

Ihre soziale Herkunft

EB73.3

Votre profession

Your occupation

Ihr Beruf

EB73.3

Votre culture, vos valeurs,

votre mode de vie

Your culture, values, lifestyle

Ihre Kultur, Werte,

Lebensweise

EB73.3

Autre (SPONTANE)

Other (SPONTANEOUS)

Spontan: Andere

EB73.3

Refus (SPONTANE)


Spontan: Verweigert

EB73.3

NSP

DK

WN

EB73.3

34 14 7 30 2 6 22

34 17 7 26 2 4 19

31 17 4 27 0 6 27

41 20 7 37 1 6 17

DK

D-W

DE

D-E

EE

IE

EL

ES

FR

IT

CY

LV

LT

LU

HU

MT

NL

AT

PL

PT

RO

SI

SK

FI

SE

UK

27 9 11 25 4 6 33

47 19 8 41 2 5 14

45 19 9 39 2 5 15

36 20 10 36 1 4 20

42 22 9 40 1 9 23

49 22 9 31 2 3 13

50 20 8 36 1 13 8

29 13 4 28 3 9 21

18 7 7 19 2 7 41

33 7 5 38 2 5 16

66 8 3 56 2 6 5

40 15 7 37 0 10 21

14 4 4 13 3 9 47

42 11 12 26 2 7 20

19 14 9 34 1 15 18

38 13 10 45 0 2 20

44 23 12 41 2 2 9

48 30 12 41 2 8 12

21 14 5 18 1 5 31

26 8 6 22 2 5 27

30 14 8 21 2 5 30

38 9 5 34 8 14 15

27 8 6 25 2 13 19

32 13 15 24 1 4 25

48 26 16 42 3 6 12

45 4 1817 7 25 2

full report new europeans - march final · 'new europeans by openness alone' (11% of the...

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