function generator fluke

8/11/2019 Function Generator Fluke

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Fluke CorporationPO Box 9090, Everett, WA U.S.A. 98206

Fluke Europe B.V.PO Box 1186, 5602 BDEindhoven, The Netherlands

For more information call:In the U.S.A. (800) 443-5853 orFax (425) 446-5116In Europe/M-East/Africa +31 (0) 40 2675 200 orFax +31 (0) 40 2675 222In Canada (800)-36-FLUKE orFax (905) 890-6866From other countries +1 (425) 446-5500 orFax +1 (425) 446-5116Web access: http://www.fluke.com

2008 Fluke Corporation. Specifications subjectto change without notice. Printed in U.S.A.1/2008 3105848 B-EN-N Rev APub_ID: 11328-eng, rev 01

Fluke.Keeping your world up and running.

Ordering Information291 1 Channel 100 MS /s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software.

Compact Flash Memory Card and USB Card Reader/Writer292 2 Channel, 100 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software.

Compact Flash Memory Card and USB Card Reader/Writer294 4 Channel, 100 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software.

Compact Flash Memory Card and USB Card Reader/Writer281 1 Channel 40 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software282 2 Channel, 40 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software

284 4 Channel, 40 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator and Waveform Manager Plus Software

Additional included accessories (290 Series)IEC Mains LeadRS-232 LeadManual

Additional included accessories (280 Series)IEC Mains LeadRS-232 LeadManual

Options and accessories19-inch rack mounting kit for one multi-channel generator19-inch rack mounting kit for one or two single- channel generators

Fluke 280 and 290 Series Single andMulti-Channel Universal ARB Generators

One, two or four independent

or inter-linked channels40 MS/s or 100 MS/s, up to

1 M words per channel

Function generator and pulsegenerator capabilities

281

291

294


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2 Fluke 280 and 290 Series

The Fluke 280 Series and290 Series WaveformGenerators combine atrue variable clockarbitrary waveform

generator with a highperformance DDS func-tion generator and pulsegenerator in a singleinstrument.

Wide model rangeThe Fluke 280 Series and290 Series comprise of six models: 28140 MS/s single-channel

waveform generator in 3U halfrack size case.

28240 MS/s two-channelwaveform generator in 3U case.

28440 MS/s four-channelwaveform generator in 3U case.

291100 MS/s single-channelwaveform generator in 3U halfrack size case.

292100 MS/s two-channelwaveform generator in 3U case.

294100 MS/s four-channelwaveform generator in 3U case.

On multi-channel units, eachchannel can be operated fullyindependently, or multiple chan-nels can be linked using simpleor complex relationships.

A true arbitrary generatorThe 280 and 290 Series arehighly sophisticated 12-bitarbitrary waveform generatorscapable of recreating virtuallyany waveform. True variableclock architecture is used withclock speeds between 0.1 Hz and100 MHz (40 MHz on 280 Seriesunits). This architecture avoids

the clock jitter associated withDDS arbitrary generators andpermits waveform linking,looping and sequencing.

Waveforms may be definedwith up to 4096 vertical points

and from 8 M to 1 M horizontalpoints (4 K to 64 K points on280 Series units).

Arbitrary waveforms may bereplayed at a specified waveformfrequency, period or sample clockrate. An external sample clockcan also be used on 290 Seriesunits allowing seamless on thefly changes to output frequency.

The 290 series waveformstorage is on removable CompactFlash cards, making waveformmanagement easy and effectivelyunlimited.

Function generatorEach channel can operate as a

full DDS function generator. Highquality sine, cosine, haversine,havercosine and square wavesare available between 1 mHz and16 MHz (280 Series) or up to 50MHz (290 Series). Triangle, rampand sine(x)/x waveforms areavailable from 0.1 mHz up to500 kHz.

Pulse generatorEach channel can generate notjust pulses, but also complexpulse trains. A pattern of up to10 pulses can be quickly defined,with each pulse having its ownamplitude, width and delay.

The whole pulse train patterncan then be replayed at a userdefined repetition rate. Wherevariable rise time pulses arerequired, the full arbitraryfunction can be used.

Universal waveform generators offeringsuperior performance and excellent value

Waveform creationand editingWaveform creation and editingfeatures are incorporated withinthe instrument. These includewaveform insert, point edit,line draw, amplitude adjust andinvert.

A wide range of standardwaveforms are available forinsertion within an arbitrarywaveform. Sections of existing

arbitrary waveforms can alsobe inserted. For more sophis-ticated waveform creation andediting, Waveform ManagerPlus software for the Windowsoperating system is provided.

Waveforms created on a PCcan be downloaded to theinstrument via the digital inter-faces (or memory card wherefitted).

Memory card storageFluke 290 Series units incorpo-rate a CompactFlash memorycard, giving effectively unlim-ited storage for waveforms andsetups. Waveform data can be

transferred directly from a PC tothe memory card using the USBcard reader/writer supplied.

GPIB, RS-232, USBThe 280 and 290 Seriesincorporate both RS-232 andGPIB (IEEE-488) interfaces asstandard. 290 Series units also

have a USB i nterface. Thebe used for loading arbitrwaveforms and for remotecontrol of all the instrumefunctions.

Waveform sequenciThe variable clock architeture of the 280 and 290 Senables waveforms to besequenced. Up to 1024 arwaveforms may be linkedsequence (16 waveforms o

Series). Each waveform caa loop count of up to 32,7the whole sequence can bcontinuously or repeated than a million times.

For multi-channel modewaveforms on different chcan be daisy chained anlooped. By summing the coutputs, multiple segmentmultiple channels can be to create highly complex wforms.

Wide range sweepAll waveforms can be sweover their full frequency r

at a rate variable betweenseconds and minutes. Swcan be linear or logarithmsingle or continuous. Singsweeps can be triggered the front panel, the triggeor the digital interfaces. Mchannels can be swept sineously.

Pulse generator

Waveform sequencing

Features 1, 2 or 4 waveform channels,independent or linked

40 MS/s or 100 MS/s 12-bit arbitrarywaveform capability using truevariable clock architecture

64 K or 1 M point waveform memoryper channel

16 MHz or 50 MHz functiongenerators using direct digitalsynthesis (DDS)

Multiple standard waveforms includ-ing sine, square, triangle, haversine,ramp, pulse and sin(x)/x

Pulse train pattern generation for upto 10 pulses

Complex waveform sequencing andlooping capability using up to 1024waveform segments

Wide range sweep, AM, toneswitching, signal summing

Inter-channel triggering, summingand phase control

Multiple generators can be easilyphase locked

External ARB clock input(290 Series only)

Waveform creation/editing tools builtin; sophisticated external Windowsbased software included

Built-in trigger generator, gated andtriggered burst modes

Tone switching facilitates precisionDTMF generation

Unlimited waveform storage using CFmemory cards (290 Series only)

GPIB (IEEE-488.2), RS-232 and USBinterfaces (280 Series units haveGPIB and RS-232 only)

40 MS/s or 100 MS/sone, two or four channels


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4 Fluke 280 and 290 Series

Waveform Manager Plus software

Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB G

Amplitude modulationAmplitude modulation andsuppressed carrier modulationare available for all waveforms.Any channel can be used tomodulate another channel.

Alternatively, all channels canbe modulated simultaneously viathe modulation input.

Built-in trigger generatorAll waveforms are available asa triggered burst whereby eachtrigger edge will produce oneburst of the carrier. Start andstop phase is fully variable. Bothtriggered and gated modes canbe operated from the internaltrigger generator, from anadjacent channel, an externalsource or a key press or remotecommand. The trigger generatorsignal is available as a separateoutput if required.

Tone switchingThe Fluke 280 and 290 Seriescan provide triggered switchingbetween up to 16 frequencies ofstandard or arbitrary waveforms.Tone switching modes can begated, triggered or FSK usingany trigger source. By summingtwo channels together, it is pos-sible to generate precise DTMFtest signals.

Fast and easy to useAll of the main information isclearly displayed on a backlit80 character LCD. Eight soft keys

enable fast data editing. Param-eters can be entered directlyfrom the numeric keypad orchanged with the spin wheel.On the 2 and 4 channel models,a Copy Channel key enablessimilar setups to be createdacross multiple channels withease.

Multi-channel phaselockingAny number of channels canbe phase locked with offsetsdefined to a resolution of0.1 (or 360/waveform points

for arbitrary waveforms). Forapplications requiring more thanfour channels, multiple genera-tors can be phase locked.290 Series models can be phaselocked to an external clock andoffer phase continuousfrequency changes.

All models, including the281 and 291, have the facilityfor phase synchonising toanother similar generator.

Multi-channel summingWaveform summing sums thewaveform from any channel intothe next channel. Alternativelyany number of channels canbe summed with an externalsignal. This permits complexmodulations, such as noisesuperimposition, to be created.

Inter-channel triggeringand modulationBecause any channel can betriggered by the previous or nextchannel, waveforms on differentchannels can be daisy chainedand looped. By summing thechannel outputs, many segmentsfrom different channels canbe used to generate the finalwaveform. A channel can beused to AM modulate or SCM

modulate another channel.

Digital modulationInter-channel modulation andsumming allows the simulationof various telecom digital modu-lation systems.

Advanced waveform creation,editing and managementsoftware included with all280 and 290 Series generators

Full waveform building tools includ-ing standard waveforms, mathematical

expressions, and freehand drawing

Full waveform building tools includ-ing standard waveforms, mathematicalexpressions, and freehand drawing

Operates under Windows 95, 98,Millennium, NT, 2000 and XP

Supports vertical resolutions upto 16 bits (65536 points)

Supports horizontal resolutionsto over one million points

Provides waveform import andexport via clipboard functions

Directly supports waveformupload from some Tektronix DSOs

Supports download and uploadvia RS-232, GPIB and USB

Waveform building tools

ToolkitWaveforms can be built in any numberof sections using any combination ofthe following: standard waveforms,mathematical expressions, drawnwaveforms, uploaded waveforms,imported waveforms (using clipboard),existing stored waveforms.

Waveform section limits can be definedvia moveable cursors, which can bedragged or positioned numerically.

Standard waveformsThe following waveforms are available

directly from the Waveforms dialoguebox: Sine, square, triangle, pulse, ramp,sinc [sin(x)/x], gaussian, exponent, noise.The mathematical expression for anystandard waveform can be examined byopening the expression editor window.

Expression editor functionsThe following mathematical operatorsare available within the expression

editor: add, subtract, multiply, divide, xn,sin, cos, arcsin, arccos, abs, log10, loge,en, square root, floor, ceiling, random,pulse, in conjunction with constants andwaveforms.

The expressions used for each sectionof a waveform are retained and can bedisplayed in a drop-down window.

Expression librariesThe mathematical expressions usedfor waveform creation can be stored inlibraries. A default library is created foreach project that includes a number ofuseful examples, including waveshapesand modulations.

Waveform drawing

functionsWaveforms can be created or editedusing freehand drawing and/orpoint-to-point line drawing.

SmoothingWaveforms can be smoothed using arunning average filter. Start and endpoints can be specified as well as thenumber of points to average.

Amplitude modulation

Tone switching

Multi-channel phase locking

Multi-channel summing

Digital modulation


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6 Fluke 280 and 290 Series Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB G

Waveformediting/conversion

ToolkitAll of the waveform building tools previ-ously mentioned can be used to editexisting waveforms. In addition, wave-

forms can be manipulated directly usingthe following functions:

Resize waveformAllows a waveform to be resizedhorizontally to any length between4 K to 64 K for 280 and 8 M to1 M for290. Note: The vertical resolution of awaveform is automatically adjusted whenit is downloaded to the generator. Thusan 8-bit waveform from a DSO will beexpanded to 12 bits if it is downloaded toa 12-bit generator (and vice versa)

Waveform mathematicsThe Waveforms Maths function allowswaveforms to be combined and manipu-

lated independently of the expressioneditor. Waveforms can be scaled, offset,added, subtracted or multiplied usingdialogue boxes. Waveforms can also becombined and manipulated within theexpression editor, giving access to the fullrange of mathematical functions.

Input/output functions

File formatsWaveforms can be read from and savedas any of the following formats: WFM(binary), NRM (normalised data in ASCII),WAV (WaveCAD), ASC (WaveCAD), DSF(Tektronix DSO).

Waveform download/uploadWaveforms can be downloaded/uploadedto/from Fluke arbitrary generators (orcertain Tektronix DSOs) using either anRS-232 or GPIB (IEEE-488) interface or,for the 290 Series, a USB interface.

Clipboard functionsWaveforms can be imported to theprogram and exported from the programusing the WindowsClipboard.

Waveform import uses the Textclipboard format (i.e. numeric lists). Thisenables waveforms to be imported fromspreadsheets such as Excelsoftwareand from mathematical programs suchas MathCad. Values are automaticallynormalised and re-scaled.

Waveform export creates multipleclipboard formats of Text (normalisednumeric values between 1), Bitmap (asper on-screen display) and Picture (meta-file retaining waveform vector properties).Pictures or bitmaps can be pasted intoprograms such as Word for documenta-tion purposes.

Display area and printingMultiple waveform windows can be opensimultaneously. Each window is fullyscaleable. Variable zoom is provided withpanning from a nav igator sub-window.

Waveform section limits can bedefined via moveable cursors that canbe dragged or positioned numerically.Waveforms can be printed with

automatic annotation and scaling.

Management and

utilities

ProjectsTo maintain good housekeeping, wave-forms can be organized into projectswith separate directory structures. Eachproject maintains its own library ofexpressions. Waveforms and expressionscan be imported and exported from otherprojects.

Instrument setupThe instrument setup screen enables

options for the waveform generator tobe set from the program. Examples of set-table options are output amplitude, clockfrequency and trigger source.

HelpFull on-screen Help is available with ahyperlinked contents table.

Variable-clock ARBarchitecture

Direct replay for jitter-freewaveformsAll Fluke 280 and 290 Series unitsgenerate arbitrary waveforms using avariable clock architecture rather thanDDS. This ensures that every point in thewaveform is replayed exactly as it wasdefined, the rate of replay being set bythe clock frequency.

By contrast, a DDS arbitrary generatoruses a fixed clock frequency and variesthe replay rate by duplicating or omit-ting waveform points. Unless there isan integer relationship between thedesired replay rate, clock frequency andwaveform length, each cycle of thewaveform will differ from the previousone, resulting in jitter.

Sequencing for increasedwaveform lengthVariable clock architecture also allowssequencing and looping. The 64K wordsof waveform memory per channel pro-vided in Fluke 280 Series units can beused to create arbitrary waveforms withmany more than 65536 points.

Many real-world waveforms includerepetitive elements. By using a seg-ment of the memory to recreate eachrepeating element, the waveform can beconstructed by a sequence in whichthe individual elements are replayedin a defined order and with a definednumber of repetitions (loop count). In thisway waveforms can be created with amuch greater number of points than thewaveform memory size.

DDS arbitrary generators cannot dothis and the effective waveform lengthis limited to the actual waveformmemory size.

Fluke 290 Series: thenext step forwardThe design of the new Fluke 290 Seriesgenerators is based upon extensiveexperience of actual user requirements.So in addition to raising the maximumclock speed from 40 MHz to 100 MHz,

a number of other important featureshave been added that meet the needs ofparticular groups of customers.

1 M word waveform memorySome users require very long arbitrarywaveforms. 290 Series units in corporate1,048,576 words of waveform memoryper channel. Thus, even long and com-plex waveforms that have no repetitiveelements can be accommodated.Compact Flash memory card storageprovides effectively unlimited storage forwaveforms. Greater sequencing capa-bility (up to 1024 segments) gives evenmore flexibility in waveform reconstruc-tion.

External ARB clock inputSome applications require that thearbitrary waveform is clocked in directsynchronism with an external signal.Fluke 290 Series units incorporate anexternal ARB clock input that can beused to clock any number of channels atany rate from dc up to 50 MHz.

It should be noted that DDS arbitrarygenerators have no such capability.

Technical specifications


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8 Fluke 280 and 290 Series Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB G

System clock architectureAll Fluke 290 Series units incorpo-rate a separate clock generator foreach channel, allowing completelyindependent operation.

On the Fluke 282 and Fluke284, channel synchronization isachieved by defining one channel

as the master channel and drivingthe other channel(s) from its clock.

The Fluke 292 and 294 providea further option by incorporatingan additional independent systemclock generator. The system clockcreates an internal version of theexternal ARB clock signal and cangenerate frequencies between 0.1Hz and 50 MHz.

When the system clock (orexternal ARB clock) is used to drivemultiple channels, phase skew issignificantly reduced and frequencychanges can be made without anydiscontinuities.

The system clock output is also

available on the rear panel to driveexternal circuitry or the externalARB input of another generatorwhen more than four channels arerequired.

Auxiliary sinewave outputThe output of the master clockgenerator is also available as afixed level sinewave. When notbeing used as the master forchannel synchronization, this canbe used as another independentvariable frequency generator overthe range 0.1 Hz to 50 MHz,providing the equivalent of threeor five channel outputs.

Specifications apply between18 C to 28 C after 30 minuteswarm up, at maximum outputinto 50 .

Standard waveformsSine, square, triangle, dc, positive ramp, negative ramp, sin(x)/x,pulse, pulse train, cosine, haversine and havercosine.

All waveforms

280 Series

Frequency accuracy < 10 ppm for 1 year

Temp. stability Typically < 1 ppm/ COutput level 2.5 mV to 10 V pp into 50 (5 mV to 20 V pp e.m.f.)

Sine, cosine, haversine, havercosine280 Series 290 Series

Frequency range 0.1 mHz to 16 MHz 0.1 mHz to 40 MHz

Freq. resolution 0.1 mHz or 7 digits 0.1 mHz or 10 digits

Harmonic distortion < 0.1 % THD to 100 kHz;< 65dBc to 20 kHz,< 50dBc to 300 kHz,< -35dBc to 10 MHz< -30 dBc to 16 MHz

< 0.15 % THD to 100 kHz;< -60 dBc to 20 kHz,< -50 dBc to 1 MHz,< -40 dBc to 10 MHz,< -30 dBc to 40 MHz

Nonharmonic spurii < 65 dBc to 1 MHz,< 65 dBc + 6 dB/octave1 MHz to 16 MHz

< -60 dBc to 1 MHz,< -60 dBc + 6 dB/octave1 MHz to 40 MHz

Square

280 Series 290 Series

Frequency range 1 mHz to 16 MHz 1 mHz to 50 MHz

Freq. resolution 1 mHz or 4 digits 1 mHz or 8 digits

Freq. accuracy 1 digit of setting

Rise and fall times < 25ns < 8ns

Pulse and pulse train


Period range 100 ns to 100 s 40 ns to 100 s

Period resolution 4 digits 8 digits

Period accuracy 1 digit of setting

Delay range -99.99s to + 99.99s

Delay resolution 0.002 % of period(25 ns minimum)

0.001 % of period(10 ns minimum)

Width range 25 ns to + 99.99 s 10 ns to + 99.99 s

Width resolution 0002 % of period(25 ns minimum)

0.001 % of period(10 ns minimum)

Rise and fall times < 25 ns < 8 ns

Note that the pulse width and absolute value of the delay may

not exceed the pulse period at any time. Pulse trains of up to10 pulses may be specified, each pulse having independentlydefined width, delay and level. The baseline voltage is sepa-rately defined and the sequence repetition rate is set by thepulse train period.

Arbitrary waveformsWaveform parameters


Waveform memory 64k points/ch 1M points/ch

Waveform length 4 to 65,536 points 8 to 1,048,576 points

Vertical resolution 12 bits (4096 levels)

Sample clock rate 0.1 Hz to 40 MHz 0.1 Hz to 100 MHz (1)

Clock resolution 4 digits 8 digitsClock accuracy < 10 ppm for 1 year ( 1 digit of setting)

Clock temp. stability Typically < 1 ppm/ C

Waveform storage 256K WordsNon-volatile RAM

CF Memory Cards(32 MB to 1 GB size)

Max. waveforms 100 500 per card

Note 1:290 Series generators can also use an external sample clock, dc to 50 M Hz.

Waveform creation and editing

All Models

Internal Basic arbitrary waveform creation and editing tools are builtinto the instrument. Arbitrary waveforms can be built-up usinginsertion of standard waveforms between points, point by pointvalue setting, and straight line drawing between points.

External All Fluke 280 and 290 series units are supplied with Wave-form Manager Plus software for Windows which provides fullwaveform creation, editing and management. Waveforms aretransferred using the digital interfaces or memory card.

SequenceA number of waveforms can be linked and played as asequence. Each waveform can have a loop count of upto 32,768. A sequence of waveforms can be looped up to1,048,575 times or run continuously.


Max. waveforms in asequence

16 1024

Output filterThe output filter type is selectable. This can be used to optimizea particular waveshape.


Filter choice 16 MHz elliptic, 10 MHzelliptic, 10 MHz Besselor none

40 MHz elliptic, 20MHz Bessel or none

Triangle


Frequencyrange

0.1 mHz to 100 kHz 0.1 mHz to 5

Frequencyresolution

0.1 mHz or 7 digits 0.1 mHz or

Linearityerror

< 0.1 % to 30 kHz

Ramps and sin(x)/x


Frequencyrange

0.1 mHz to 100 kHz 0.1 mHz to

Frequencyresolution

0.1 mHz or 7 digits 0.1 mHz or

Linearityerror

< 0.1 % to 30 kHz

Noise function (290 Series only)Digital noise generated by a 35-bit linearfeedback register clocked at 100 MHz. Useexternal filter defines bandwidth and resp


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Operating modes

ContinuousWaveform runs continuously.

Triggered burstEach active edge of the trigger signal will produce one burst

of the waveform. 280 Series 290 SeriesCarrier waveforms All standard and arbitrary waveforms

Max. carrierfrequency

1 MHz or the maxi-mum for the selectedwaveform if lower. 40Msamples/s for ARB andSequence.

2.5 MHz or the maxi-mum for the selectedwaveform if lower. 100Msamples/s for ARB andSequence.

Number of cycles 1 to 1,048,575

Trigger repetition 0.005 Hz to 100 kHz internal, dc to 1 MHz external.

Trigger signal Source Internal from keyboard, previous channel, nextchannel or trigger generator. External from TRIG I Nor remote interface.

Trigger start/stopphase

360 settable with 0.1 resolution, subject towaveform frequency and type.

GatedWaveform will run while the Gate signal is true and stop while false.


Carrier waveforms All standard and arbitrary waveforms

Max. carrierfrequency

1 MHz or the maximumfor the selected waveformif lower. 40 Msamples/sfor ARB and Sequence

2.5 MHz or the maxi-mum for the selectedwaveform if lower. 100Msamples/s for ARB andSequence

Number of cycles 1 to 1,048,575

Trigger repetition 0.005 Hz to 100 kHz internal, dc to 1 MHz external

Gate signal source Internal from keyboard, previous channel, nextchannel or trigger generator. External from TRIG I Nor remote interface.

Gate start/stop phase 360 settable with 0.1 resolution, subject towaveform frequency and type

SweepFrequency sweep capability is provided for both standard andarbitrary waveforms. Arbitrary waveforms are expanded or con-densed to exactly 4096 points and DDS techniques are used toperform the sweep.


Carrier waveforms All standard and arbitrary except pulse, pulse trainand sequence

Sweep mode Linear or logarithmic, triggered or continuous

Sweep direction Up, down, up/down or down/up.

Sweep range From 1 mHz to 16 MHz inone range

From 1 mHz to 40 MHz inone range

Sweep time 30 ms to 999 s 1 ms to 999 s

Marker Variable during sweep

Sweep trigger source The sweep may be free run or triggered from thefollowing: Manually from keyboard. Externally fromTRIG IN input or remote interface

Sweep hold Sweep can be held / restarted by the HOLD key

Outputs

Main outputOne for each channel


Output impedance 50

Amplitude range 5 mV to 20 V pp open circuit (2.5 mV to 10 V pp into50 ). Amplitude can be specified open circuit (hi Z)or into an assumed load of 50 or 600 in Vpk-pk,

Vrms or dBm.Amplitude accuracy 2 % 1 mV at 1 kHz into 50

Amplitude flatness 0.2 dB to 200 kHz; 1dB to 10 MHz; 2.5 dB to 16 MHz

0.2 dB to 1 MHz; 0.4 dB to 40 MHz

DC offset range 10 V from 50 . Offset plus signal peak limitedto 10 V.

DC offset accuracy Typically 3 % 10 mV, unattenuated

Resolution 3 digits or 1 mV for both Amplitude and DC Offset

Auxiliary sine output280 Series 29 0 Serie s 292/294

n/a n/a Nominal 1V p-p sinewave, frequency set bysystem clock, frequency 0.1 Hz to 50 MHz

Sync outOne for each channel

Multifunction output user definable or automatically selected tobe any of the following:


Waveform sync: (all waveforms) Square wave with 50 % duty c ycle at the main waveform frequency, or pulsecoincident with the first few points of an arbitrary waveform

Position markers: (Arbitrary only) Any point(s) on the waveform may have associated marker bit(s) set high or low

Burst done Produces a pulse coincident with the last cycle of a burst

Sequence sync Produces a pulse coincident with the end of a waveform sequence

Trigger Selects the current trigger signal. Useful for s ynchronizing burst or gated signals.

Sweep sync Outputs a pulse at the start of sweep to synchronize an oscilloscope or recorder

Sweep marker N/A Additional pulse for use as sweep marker

Phase lock out Used to phase lock two generators. Produces a positive edge at the 0 phase point.

Signal level Logic levels of < 0.8 V and > 3 V forall outputs

Logic levels of < 0.8 V and > 3 V forall outputs except Sweep Sync

Signal level: (sweep sync. only) N/A 3 level waveform - as above but plusnarrow +1 V pulse at marker

Tone switching modes:Gated:The tone is output while the triggersignal is true and stopped, at the end of thecurrent waveform cycle, while the triggersignal is false. The next tone is outputwhen the trigger signal is true again.

Triggered:The tone is output when thetrigger signal goes true and the next tone isoutput, at the end of the current waveformcycle, when the trigger signal goes trueagain.

FSK:The tone is output when the triggersignal goes true and the next tone isoutput, immediately, when the triggersignal goes true again. Using 2 channelswith their outputs summed together it ispossible to generate DTMF test signals.

Trigger generator: Internal source 0.005Hz to 100 kHz square wave adjustable in10 us steps. 3-digit resolution. Available forexternal use from any SYNC OUT socket.

Multi channel sweep(multi-channel units only)Any number of channels may be swept simul-

taneously. Amplitude, Offset and Waveform canbe set independently for each channel . For Fluke280 units the sweep parameters will be thesame for all channels. For Fluke 290 units thesweep parameters can be set independently foreach channel.

Tone switchingCapability provided for both standard andarbitrary waveforms. Arbitrary waveforms areexpanded or condensed to exactly 4096 pointsand DDS techniques are used to allow instanta-neous frequency switching.


Carrierwaveforms

All except pulse, pulse train and sequence

Frequencylist

Up to 16frequencies from

1 mHz to 10 MHz

Up to 16 frequenciesfrom 1mHz to 40 MHz

Triggerrepetitionrate

0.005 Hz to 100 kHz internal. dc to 1MHzexternal. Usable repetition rate andwaveform frequency depend on the toneswitching mode.

Triggersource

Internal from keyboard, previous channel,next channel or trigger generator. Externalfrom TRIG IN or remote interface.

Toneswitchingmodes

Gated, Triggered or FSK (see box top right)

Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB Ge


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Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB Ge12 Fluke 280 and 290 Series

Inputs

Trig in


Frequency range DC to 1 MHz

Signal range Threshold nominally TTLlevel; maximum input 10 V

Threshold adjustableover 5 V range;maximum input 10 V

Min. pulse width 50 ns, for Trigger/Gate; 50 us for Sweep modePolarity Selectable as high/rising edge or low/falling edge

Input impedance Typically 10 k

Modulation in


Frequency range DC to 100 kHz DC to 100 kHz

VCA signal range Approximately 1 V pk-pk for 100 % level change atmaximum output

SCM signal range Approximately 1 V pk for maximum output.


Sum in

280 Series 291 292/294

Frequency range DC to 8 MHz DC to 30 MHz DC to 16 MHz

Signal range Approximately 2 V pk-pk input for 20 V pk-pk output


Ref clock in/out


Set to input Input for an external 10MHz reference clock.TTL/CMOS threshold level

Set to output Buffered version of the internal 10 MHz clock. Outputlevels nominally 1 V and 4 V from 50

Set to phase lock Used together with SYNC OUT on a master andTRIG IN on a slave to synchronize (phase lock) twoseparate generators

ARB clock in/out290 Series generators can use an external signal as the arbitrarywaveform clock. The 292 and 294 also include an internal systemclock generator (in addition to the individual channel clock genera-tors). The output of this system clock can be made available to driveexternal circuitry or the input of another generator.

280 Ser ies 291 292/294

Set to input N/A Input for an external Arb clock.TTL/CMOS threshold level.

Set to output N/A N/A Outputs System Clock,logic level < 0.8 V to > 3 V

Frequency range N/A DC to 50 MHz.

Max. input voltage N/A +5 V, -1 V

ARB clock outSee ARB clock In/Out within INPUTS section.

Cursor/marker out (280 Series units only)Adjustable output pulse for use as a marker insweep mode or as a cursor in arbitrary wave-

form editing mode. Can be used to modulate theZ axis of an oscilloscope or be displayed on asecond scope channel.


Signal level: Adjustable fromnominally 2 V to 14V, normal or inverted;adjustable width as acursor

N/A

Outputimpedance:

600 typical N/A

System clock (292/294 only)The 292/294 units incorporate an additionalfrequency generator, which can be used as aclock source for multi-channel arbitrary wave-forms and as an auxiliary output.

280Series

291 292/294

Frequencyrange

N/A N/A DC to 50 MHz

Frequencyresolution

N/A N/A 0.1 Hz

The output of the system clock is available as a1 volt pk-pk sinewave at the Auxiliary Sine Outsocket, and as a logic level squarewave at theExt. ARB In/Out socket.

When not being used as a clock source formulti-channel arbitrary waveforms, the systemclock provides an independent fixed amplitudesine or square output which is additional to thetwo or four main channel outputs.

Inter-channel modulationThe waveform from any channel may be used to AmplitudeModulate (AM) or Suppressed Carrier Modulate (SCM) the nchannel. Alternatively any number of channels may beModulated (AM or SCM) with the signal at the MODULATIONinput socket.

282/284/292/294Carrier frequency Entire range for selected waveform


Modulation types AM: Double sideband with carrier. SCM: Dousideband suppressed carrier.

Modulation source Internal from the previous channel. ExternalModulation input socket. The external modulsignal may be applied to any number of chasimultaneously.

Frequency range DC to > 100 kHz

Internal AM depth 0 % to 105 %.

Internal AM resolution 1 %

Carrier suppression(SCM)

> 40 dB

External modulationsignal range

VCA: Approximately 1V pk-pk for 100 % levchange at maximum output. SCM: Approxima1 V pk for max. output.

Inter-channel analog summing

Waveform Summing sums the waveform from any channel the next channel. Alternatively any number of channels masummed with the signal at the SUM input socket.

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Carrier frequency Entire range for selected waveform


Sum source Internal from the previous channel. ExternalSUM IN socket

Frequency range DC to > 8 MHz. DC to > 16 MHz.

External signal range Approx. 5 V pk-pk inputfor 20 V pk-pk output

Approx. 2 V pk-pfor 20 V pk-pk o


HoldHolds an arbitrary waveform atits current position. A TTL lowlevel or switch closure causes thewaveform to stop at the currentposition and wait until a TTL highlevel or switch opening whichallows the waveform to continue.The front panel MAN HOLD keyor remote command may also beused to control the Hold function.While held the front panel MANTRIG key or remote commandmay be used to return the wave-form to the start. The Hold inputmay be enabled independentlyfor each channel. Input imped-ance is10k.

Channel relationshipsThe channels of a multi-channelunit can be operated entirelyindependently, as if they wereseparate generators. The copy

key allows the settings of anychannel to be instantly copied toanother when required.

Alternatively, inter-channelrelationships of modulation,summing, triggering, or phaselocking can be set up.

Multi channel sweepAny number of channels may beswept simultaneously. Amplitude,Offset and Waveform can be setindependently for each channel.For 280 Series units, the sweepparameters will be the samefor all channels. For 290 Seriesunits,the sweep parameters can

be set independently for eachchannel.


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Single and Multi-Channel Universal ARB Ge14 Fluke 280 and 290 Series

Inter-channel phaselockingTwo or more channels may bephase locked together. Eachlocked channel may be assigned

a phase angle relative to theother locked channels. With onechannel assigned as the Masterand other channels as Slaves, afrequency change on the masterwill be repeated on each slavethus allowing multiphase wave-forms at the same frequency tobe easily generated. The signalsfrom the REF IN/OUT socket andthe SYNC OUT socket can be usedto phase lock two instrumentswhere more than 4 channelsare required. Different conditionapply to Standard waveformsgenerated using DDS techniques(sine, cosine, haversine,havercosine, triangle, ramps and

sinex/x), and those generatedusing variable clock arbitrarywaveform techniques whichinclude square, pulse and pulsetrain. Arbitrary waveforms andwaveform sequences may bephase locked to the Masterchannel, but certain constraintsapply to waveform lengths andclock frequency ratios. 292/294arbitrary waveforms and wave-form sequences can alternativelybe clocked from a separateinternal clock generator (Systemclock), or from an external clockinput (external ARB clock). Whenusing these clock sources, the

restrictions that apply when usingthe Master channel as the clocksource are eliminated. In addi-tion, frequency changes requireno settling time to re-establishphase locking, and thus phasecontinuous frequency changing orsweeping is possible.

General


Display 20 character x 4 row alphanumeric LCD

Data Entry Keyboard selection of mode, wave etc., value entry direct bynumeric keys or by rotary control

Memory Card N/A Removable card slot conforming tothe Compact Flash standard. Sizes32 MB to 1 GB.

WaveformStorage:(non volatile)

Up to 100 waveformswithin 256 K words

Up to 500 waveforms per CF card

Stored Settings Up to 9 full setups Up to 500 full setups per CF card

Mechanical, power, compliance281 291 282 292 284 294

Width 212 mm ( rack) 350 mm

Height 130 mm (3 U) 130 mm (3 U)

Length 335 mm 335 mm

Weight 4.1 kg 4.2 kg 7.1 kg 5.9 kg 7.2 kg 6.0 kg

Power A B A C A C

A = 230 V, 115 V or 100 V 14 %, 50/60 Hz, adjustable internally B = 230 V,115 V or 100 V 14 %, 50/60/400 Hz, adjustable internally C =100 V to 230V 14 %, 50/60/400 Hz, universal input

Maximum VA 40 60 75 150 100 150Temperature Operating Range +5 C to 40 C, 20-80 % RH Storage

Range -20 C to +60 C.

Environmental Indoor use at altitudes to 2000 m, Pollution Degree 2

Safety Complies with EN61010-1

EMC Complies with EN61326

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Phase resolution:(DDS waveforms)

0.1 degree

Phase resolution:(Non DDS waveforms)

0.1 degree or 360 degrees/number of points

Clock source Master channel Master Channel, System

Clock or Ext. ARB clockPhase error < 10 ns < 5 ns (internal clock)

< +/-2 ns (external ARBor system clock)

N.B. DDS waveforms are Sine, Cosine, Haversine, Havercosine,Triangle, Ramps and Sin(x)/x. Non DDS waveforms are Pulse,Pulse Train, and all Arbitrary waveforms.

Inter-channel triggeringAny channel can be triggered by the previous or next channel.The previous/next connections can be used to daisy chain atrigger signal from a start channel, through a number of chan-nels in the chain to an end channel. Each channel receives thetrigger out signal from the previous (or next) channel, and drivesits selected trigger out to the next (or previous) channel. The endchannel trigger out can be set up to drive the start channel,closing the loop. In this way, complex and versatile inter-channeltrigger schemes may be set up. Each channel can have its triggerout and its output waveform set up independently. Trigger outmay be selected from Waveform End, Position Markers, SequenceSync or Burst Done.

InterfacesFull remote control and waveform transfer is available through thedigital interfaces.


IEEE488 Conforms with IEEE488.1 and IEEE488.2

RS232 Variable baud rate, 9600baud maximum

Variable baud rate, 38400baud maximum

USB N/A Conforms with USB1.1

Multi-channel operation

function generator fluke

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