fundamental of nursing 4. : vital signs
TRANSCRIPT
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Halabja Technical InstituteNursing Department
First StageFundamental of Nursing
Snur J. Ahmad
Fourth Lab. : Vital Signs
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Introduction
Vital Signs are defined as the sign of basic physiology that includes temperature , pulse, respiration and blood pressure. If any abnormality occurs in the body, vital signs change immediately.
Purpose: 1. To detect any changes in normal body function.
2. To determine response to treatment
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Temperature – Temp. Pulse Rate– P
Respirations – R Blood Pressure – BP
Usually recorded by a nurse, physician, physician's
assistant, or other health care professional; from once
hourly to four times hourly, as required by a person's
condition.
Abbreviations
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Body temperature is the balance between heat produced in
the tissues and heat lost to the environment.
The hypothalamus is a section of the brain responsible for
control of body temperature.
The normal range of the body temperature is
between 36.2-37.2c.
Temperature (Temp.)
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AgeGenderClothingEnvironmental temperatureExerciseIllnessMedications
Factors affecting body Temp.
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Sites for Assessing Temperature
1. Orally (common way). 37 C° (3 – 5 min)
2. Axillary (safe way). 36 C° + 0.5 C° (10 min)
3. Rectal (accurate reading).37 C° – 0.5 C° (2 – 3 min)
4. Tympanic membrane.
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1. Orally
2. Axillary
3. Rectal
4. Tympanic membrane
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Equipment
Thermometer is a device that measures temperature.
Types:1. Electronic thermometer2. Glass thermometer3. Paper thermometer4. Tympanic membrane thermometer
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Electronic thermometer
Glass thermometer
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Paper thermometer
Tympanic membrane thermometer
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Pulse Rate
Pulse is pressure of blood pushing against wall of artery as heart beats and rests.
The normal pulse rate in adult is ( 60 – 100 beat/min.)
Tachycardia: is a rapid pulse rate , greater than 100 beat /min.Bradycardia: is a pulse rate below 60 beats / min.
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Factors affecting Pulse Rate
PainFeverStressExerciseBleedingDecrease in blood pressureSome medications
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Sites of Taking Pulse Rate
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Equipment
Watch & Stethoscope
Pulse rate commonly assessed by palpation (feeling) or auscultation (hearing) . Noted as:* Number of beats per minute* Rhythm: regular or irregular* Volume: strong or weak
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Any Question?
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Thank You …