fundamentals of machine vision
TRANSCRIPT
Part 1 in a Series:
General Overview
© 2014, Pete Kepf, All Rights Reserved
Pete Kepf, CVP
www.kepf.me
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Overview
Technical
Lighting
Lenses
Software Tools
Business
Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
Risk Assessment
Vendor Selection
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Machine Vision is the use of a computer to acquire visual information and/or extract image information for purposes of data storage or automatic decision making.
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Top Five Industrial Users*
1. Semiconductors
2. Wood
3. Electronics
4. Transportation
5. Pharma/ Medical Device
* Source Automated Imaging Association
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Motion/ Robot Guidance
Defect/ Flaw Detection
Inspection/ Grading/ Sorting
Identification/ Verification
Data Acquisition
Measurement/ Gauging
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Motion
Flaw
Identification
Sort
Data Acquisition
Measurement
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Vision Components
Lens
Camera
Processor
Input/ Output
Peripherals
Lighting
Frame/ Enclosure
Controls/ Software
Part Handling/ Reject/ Sorter
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Components
Cameras, Frame Grabbers, Computers, Boards,
Peripherals
Lens, Lighting, Sensors, Framing, Valves, Motion
Solutions
Value Added Distributors, Systems Integrators, Machine Builders
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1. Find a Trusted Source (Vendor, AIA, Search)
2. Define the Requirements
3. Research the Technology
4. Refine the Requirements
5. Professionally evaluate the requirements
6. Obtain Budget/ Price/ Performance Data
7. Perform Risk Assessment
8. Select Vendor
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Lighting Light Sources and Frequencies
Lighting Sources and Angles
Lenses Common Types of Machine Vision Lenses
Security/ vs. Machine Vision Lenses
Cameras GigE
USB
Software Tools Image Processing
Image Pre-processing
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Line Light
Back Light
Diffuse/ Work Envelope Light
Diffuse Dome Light
Pattern Projector
Front (Spot) Light
Axial Light
Ring Light
Off Axis Ring Light
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Useful for:
• Line Scan• Linear Parts• Structured
Light
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Useful for:
• Gauging• Measurement
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Useful for:
• Robot Work Cells
• Top Light Assembly
• Reflective Parts
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Useful for:
• Highly Reflective Parts
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Useful for:
• Structured Light
• Height Derivation
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Useful for:
• Small Parts• Structured Light
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Useful for:
• Highly Reflective Parts
• Surface Defects
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Useful for:
• General-purpose
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Useful for:
• Surface Defects• Reflective Parts
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
(Previous: Halogen- Fluorescent- Xenon;
Now: LED)
Source: www.thermalcamerarentals.com
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Types of Lenses
Terms:
Working Distance (WD): Distance from the end of the lens to the part to be inspected.
Field of View (FOV): Image area that contains the area of the part to be inspected.
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Function
Macro
Telecentric
Large-format (“Line Scan”)
Size
C-Mount
CS-Mount
F-Mount
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Useful for:
• WD: 73-527mm• Low Distortion• Vibration
Resistance• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”
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Vibration ResistantLow Distortion
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Useful for:
• WD: 40-340mm• Extremely Low
Distortion• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”
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• Ideal for Coaxial lighting• Eliminate Perspective Error• Accurate 3D Measurement
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Today’s sensors (4-9 Megapixels) are often 1”
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
CS Mount: 12.5mm flange back distance
C-Mount: 17.526mm flange back distance
Thread size identical
Can use C-mount lens on CS camera with 5mm extension
Can NOT use CS lens on C-mount camera
F-Mount used when: Sensor size > 4/3”
Additional spece required between lens flange and image sensor
Pete Kepf, CVPwww.kepf.me
Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
“Sensor”, “System”, “Smart Camera”
“Turn-key”, “Assisted Installation”
Risk Assessment
Problem Definition
Solution Verification
Vendor Selection
Knowledge Base
Resources