Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Emilio Chuvieco and Alfredo Huete

Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing – Chapter 1

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

What is remote sensing?

Source: modis.nasa.gov

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Components of a remote sensing system

DIGITAL PROCESSING

Energy Source

Receiving System

End-users

Earth´s cover’

Atmosphere

VISUAL INTERPRETATION

Remote Sensing Platform

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

1858 1900 1950 19901970

Balloon

Plane

SpaceProgram

Landsat-4

SpaceShuttle

Landsat-1

Sputnik

MeteorologicalSatellites

Space Station

2010

ERS-1UnitedSsatte

CommercialSatellites

Pigeon camera

Historical development of remote sensing systems

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

This photo was taken by an automatic K-12 camera, using black-and-white infrared film, from a Viking sounding rocket that reached a height of 227 km. This scene spans parts of New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, California, and northwest Mexico (upper Gulf of California on the left).

(From the NASA archive)

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

The first Earthrise seen from the surface of the moon by the first Apollo Lunar landing mission

Source: NASA

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

(http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/)

Photograph taken by the Apollo-7 crew over lake Chad (central Africa) in 1968

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

This QuickBird image shows the Royal Grand Palace in Bangkok, Thailand. Key identifiable features are all of the structures within the grounds, the palace walls, the guard towers, and walkways

(Courtesy of DigitalGlobe).

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

USA: Landsat, GOES, Space shuttle, Terra, Aqua, Ikonos, Quickbird, Geoeye.

ESA: ERS-1 y 2, Envisat, Meteosat, MSG. France: Spot-4 y 5. India: IRS-6, Insat, Cartosat. Canadá: Radarsat-1 y 2. Russia: Spin-2, Resurs, Meteor. Japan: ALOS, GMS, Aqua. Brazil - China: CBERS, Fen Yung. Corea, Israel, Indonesia, Argentina...

Current satellite missions

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Other sources of RS data

Airborne (lidar, hiperspectral).

Unmanned (UAV). Ground sensors

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Main journals

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Advantages of RS

Global view. Multiscale observation. Frequent observation. Direct and non-destructive observation. Complete cover. Non-visible spectral regions. Height estimation.

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Global view

http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/Sensors/Terra/

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Multiscale observation

MODIS (500 m) - Landsat (30 m) – Ikonos (1 m) over San Francisco, CA.

visibleearth.nasa.gov

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Source: http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/

Sequence of satellite images at different spatial resolutions over Tucson, Arizona. From MODIS (top), to Landsat-TM (lower left) and Ikonos (lower right).

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Frequent observation

Snow cover MODIShttp://modis-snow-ice.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

(Courtesy: EOSAT).

Landsat images from the Mississippi river nearby St. Louis showing the impact of the 1993 floods

1988 1993

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

(http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/).

Multitemporal changes in Mount Kilimanjaro during the last decade

Landsat-5 image acquired on Feb. 17, 1993.

Landsat-7 image of Feb. 21, 2000.

The snow cap formed some 11,000 years ago and has shrank by 80 percent in the past century

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis(after Chuvieco et al. 2002).

Tropical deforestation analysis of the western Venezuelan Llanos with Landsat imagery

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

1975 1986

1992

http://earthshots.usgs.gov/

Tropical forest deforestation analysis with Landsat imagery over Rondônia, Brazil

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Non-destructive sampling

LAI Chlorophyll Biomass Productivity …

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Real-time availability

NOAA-AVHRR receiving antenna

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Height retrieval

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) (after Short, 2008)

Interferogram of an area in the Kamchatka Peninsula

Shaded relief

3D Perspective

Chuvieco and Huete (2009): Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis

Limitations

Only variables affecting radiance/distance are retrievable.

Technical capabilities of current technology (spatial-temporal-spectral resolution).

Surface observation (little depth penetration). Atmospheric influences.