Fungi reproduce using spores produced in the sporangium.

Spores contain the genetic material for growth of a new organism, protected by a tough coat (หุ้��ม). The spores can remain viable for many years. They will germinate when they encounter favourable conditions, including the correct food source.

Most spores are produced asexually (การสืบพั�นธุ์��แบบไม�อาศั�ยเพัศั), but under certain circumstances fungi reproduce sexually (การสืบพั�นธุ์��แบบอาศั�ยเพัศั), allowing new strains of fungi to form.

REPRODUCTION - FUNGI

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Fungi may reproduce sexually. Note that most fungi are haploid (ม�โครโมโซมหุ้น��งชุ�ด) organisms.

The hyphae from two parents fuse producing a diploid (ม�โครโมโซมสืองชุ�ด) zygospore.

The zygospore produces a sporangium and produces spores.

The spores produced are haploid.

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION - FUNGI

The division of a cell into two identical cells is called fission (การแบ�งตั�ว). It is one means of reproduction in yeasts that is similar to bacteria.

Some yeasts employ budding (หุ้น�อเร"ว), in which a small outgrowth is formed on the parental cell. The bud slowly grows and eventually splits off from the parent cell.

Video of Budding Yeast

REPRODUCTION - YEASTS (SINGLE CELLED FUNGI)

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission (การแบ�งออกเป็$นสืองสื�วน) which means ‘splitting in two’. In complex bacterial cells with paired chromosomes (โครโมโซม), this is achieved by mitosis (การแบ�งเซลล�แบบไมโทซ'สื).

Daughter cells (เซลล�ของล)กสืาว) are identical to the parent cell

REPRODUCTION - BACTERIA

Binary fission is a quick process (sometimes taking less than 20 minutes)

This means that bacteria can exploit favourable conditions very quickly.

Video of Binary Fission

BINARY FISSION ∙ WHAIURI TĀRUARUA