fungus
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Fungus. Chapter 19. Characteristics. Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs Along with bacteria they are major decomposers Many are saprophytes which means they live off dead material. Most reproduce both sexually and asexually . Fungi are found almost everywhere on earth. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Fungus
Chapter 19
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Characteristics1. Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs2. Along with bacteria they are major
decomposers3. Many are saprophytes which means they
live off dead material.4. Most reproduce both sexually and
asexually.5. Fungi are found almost everywhere on
earth.6. Their cells have cell walls made of chitin.
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1. Zygomycota – (common molds) bread, cheese molds & fruit molds
Bread mold
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Cheese mold
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Fruit mold
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2. Ascomycota (sac fungi) morels, truffles and yeasts.
Truffles
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Morels•Gourmet food•Found in woodlands•$20 per pound
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Sac fungus
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3. Basidiomycota (club fungi) mushroom, shelf fungi, and puffballs.
mushrooms shelf fungus puffballs
Club fungus
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The mushroom is called the fruiting body of the fungus because its purpose is to
produce reproductive spores.
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Turkey Tail Fungus
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Mushroom Spore Print
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4. Deuteromycota (imperfect fungi) penicillium, ringworm, and athletes foot
penicilium
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Ringworm
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Athletes footImperfect fungus
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Toenail fungus
•35 million infected in US•Can spread from person to person•Also called “onychomycosis”
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Lichen• Lichen: A partnership between a fungus and an algae.• The algae provides food for the fungus.• The fungus provides a place for the algae to live.
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LichenThere are three forms of lichens:
1. Crustose: paint-like crusts that are tightly attached to trees and rocks
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2. Foliose: leaf-like
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3. Fruticose: moss-like, branching, the most three dimensional of all the lichens
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Parts of a Mushroom• Fruiting body: grows above ground
1. Stalk (Stipe): main support of mushroom2. Ring (annulus): skirt of tissue circling stalk3. Cap: top of mushroom4. Scales: flakey surface of the cap5. Gills: underside of cap (produce spores)6. Spores: reproductive structures
• Mycelial threads: Underground network of hyphae.7. Hyphae: long strands of cells; make up the
body of the fungi.
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Fruiting body
Stalk
Ring
CapScale
Gills
Spores
HyphaeMycelial Threads
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Interesting Fungi• Cyclosporine: An
organ transplant drug that is used to prevent rejection of the transplanted organ.
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• Cordyceps lloydii: A deadly fungus that infects ants.
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Predator mushrooms – Oyster mushroom use their mycelium to kill and eat round worms.
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• Truffles: Very expensive fungus that is used to flavor foods. Pigs and dogs are used to hunt this fungus that is buried underground.
Black Truffles – 3 oz $180
White Truffles$800-$1,500Per pound
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$763 White Truffle
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• Fairy Rings: Interesting growth pattern of mushrooms.
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Stinkhorns – smell like rotten meat to attract flies that spread their spores.
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• A Fungus that parasitizes a fungus!
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• A Fungus that parasitizes amoebas!
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Aspergillus niger• Used to create citric acid, an additive to many foods.
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Science or Art
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Wow!!