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TRANSCRIPT
Fungus Among-us
Why is the mushroom more
popular than the flower?
Characteristics of Fungi
• Kingdom: Fungi
• Eukaryotic (have a nucleus)
• Some single-celled; most
are multi-cellular
• Rigid cell walls (like plants)
• No chlorophyll
• Come in a variety of
shapes, sizes and colors
Fungi Food
• Fungi can’t travel - must live on or
near their food supply.
• All are heterotrophs (get food from
others)
– Consumers: get food by secreting
digestive juices onto a food source
then absorbing the dissolved food
– Decomposers: feed on dead plant or
animal matter
– Others are Parasites
Fungus Parts
• Multicellular fungi: made up
of chains of cells called
hyphae (singular = hypha)
• Hyphae grow together to
form a twisted mass called
the mycelium.
• Mycelium makes up most of
the fungus, but is under
ground.
Making More FungiSexual or asexual reproduction
• 2 Asexual Processes:– Hyphae break apart; each new piece is a new
fungus
– Produce spores
Spores: small reproductive cells protected by a thick wallAdvantages of Spores:
1. Light and easily spread by the wind
2. Lands and grows into a new fungus
Making More Fungi (part 2)
• Sexual process:
Step 1: Special structures form to make sex cells
Step 2: Then sex cells join to produce sexual spores
that grow a new fungus
Fungus Life Cycle
Fungi Review
• What is a fungus?
• How do fungi eat?
• What are hyphae?
• What is a mycelium?
• How do fungi reproduce?
4 Kinds of Fungi
1. Threadlike Fungi
2. Sac Fungi
3. Club Fungi
4. Imperfect Fungi (misfits!)
Threadlike Fungi
• Mold
– shapeless, fuzzy fungus
• Live in the soil
• Decomposers
• Reproduce sexually or asexually
Sac Fungi
• Largest group of fungi
• Examples: yeasts, mildews, truffles
• Reproduce sexually and asexually
• Single celled (yeasts) or multicelluar (truffles)
• Some are useful to humans! – Yeasts for bread; others are antibiotics and
vitamins
• Some are parasites :(– Dutch Elm disease - kills plants
Club Fungi
• Look like umbrellas
• Reproduce sexually
• Many have “gills” underneath
Non-mushroom Club Fungi
• Puffballs - go puff!
• Rusts - plant parasites (turn corn black)
• Bracket fungi look like shelves on trees
Imperfect Fungi
• Fungi that don’t fit in the other groups -misfits!
• Most are parasites (cause disease)
Ex: athlete’s foot
• Some are good!– Penicillium is where we get our antibiotic penicillin!
– Others are used to make cheeses, soy sauce, and citric acid in soda
Lichens…oooh, Special!
• Lichens - a combination of a fungus and an alga (protist) that grow together
• Mutualistic relationship: both organisms benefit from living together
• Producers
• Found in almost every land environment
• Can grow on rocks
• Absorb nutrients from the air– good air = lots of lichens