2011Name two social groups and explain how they may have influenced Rachel’s decision to participate in football, swimming and cross country.

(4 marks)

2011 mark schemeAward one mark for naming each social group up to a maximum of

two and a further mark for explaining how each group has influenced Rachel’s decision to participate in football, swimming and cross country up to a maximum of four marks.

Peer group or friends - will have a considerable influence/ if friends take part in an activity it is likely that you will as well/ to maintain contact with them/ to share a common interest.

Family - will encourage participation/ due to the support they offer/ either financially in the form of equipment/ coaching/ or by providing transport/ or moral support.

Family/ may also be role models/ in that children follow other family members/ into the sports that they do.

Gender/ some activities are stereotypically male or female (or equivalent ‘girls play netball.

Ethnicity/ due to cultural or religious beliefs, some people are stereotypically drawn towards certain activities.

Ethnicity/ dress code may restrict participation, eg swimming.

Gender

Now more opportunities for women to access as many sports as men do

More women becoming officials and coaches

EthnicityPossible ethnicity factors that could

influence participation in sport may include:

Dress codes – for example, not allowing women to wear certain items of sports kit could affect the safety of the activity

Codes of behaviour such as single sex rules regarding mixing with others may prevent participation. E.g. Muslim women are not always permitted to take part in mixed sex sporting activities

Some cultures see a woman’s role as in the home which limits their amount of leisure time

OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER INVOLVEMENT

Tuesday 31st January

By the end of the lesson you should be able to:◦Understand the different roles that can

be adopted in sport◦Explain each role and what it

constitutes.

What different roles can be adopted in physical activity?

Physical activity roles

Performer / player

Organiser

Leader / coach

Choreographer

Official

There are several ways of being an active participant:

Physical Activity Roles1. For the roles identified describe what each

role consists of 2. What qualities do you need to be good at

each role3. The benefits of taking on each role

Player/performerDeveloping the ability to make effective

plans to improve performance

Player – taking part in games activityPerformer – taking part in gymnastics and

dance

Good knowledge of the activityNeed to work to improve the specific skills,

tactics, playing positions and techniques that are essential for that particular activity

Player/performerCould be at any stage of the sports

performance pyramid.

PE and recreational sport

Performer receiving local and/or regional coaching and training and entered local competitions and leaguePeople taking part in sport in their free time, such as extra-curricular activities or at a leisure centre

Elite – top class elite performers taking part in international competition

OrganiserBringing together all the main ingredients at

the right time, in the right place, in order to maximise promotion, participation and high quality performance

Competent in managing and organising...◦ Facilities◦ Time◦ Other people, e.g. Players, officials,

coaches, other assistant organisers◦ Sometimes funds (money)

Leader/coachAn important influence on individuals or

groups towards set goals, or on behaviour in sport

A specialist in an activity, responsible for preparing a performer in skill acquisition, correct technique, correct physical state or correct mental state

Kez

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3cayRMnVb8

Leader/coachAn important influence on individuals or groups

towards set goals, or on behaviour in sport A specialist in an activity, responsible for preparing

a performer in skill acquisition, correct technique, correct physical state or correct mental state

Have to motivate and influence players/performers to achieve set goals

Need to know about different styles of leadership Good basic communication skillsCreate a safe environment for players to improve

ChoreographerCreating and arranging a staged dance or

other performance that explores and communicates ideas, concepts and emotions.

Need to be aware of the techniques of choreography and composition

Be able to assess and improve standards of improve

OfficialSomeone who controls the activity;

interprets the rules, laws or regulations of the activity including checking the equipment

There are different possibilities within this role, such as:◦Referee/umpire◦ Judge◦Marshall/steward◦Scorer/timekeeper/recorder

What makes a good official? Full understanding of all the rules and regulations of

the activity you are involved in Keep play within the laws of the game Make decisions quickly and efficiently Communicate clearly with players Needs a level of fitness that meets the demands of the

game Concentration and focus on the match Position themselves in the best place to see the game Keep an accurate record of the score and fouls Check playing conditions, equipment, clothing,

jewellery Send score to the relevant body

Benefits Player or performer

◦ Learn the skills and techniques needed to improve your performance or be an effective performer.

Official ◦ Can be part of the activity even if injured◦ Gives a different view of the game which broadens knowledge of the activity◦ Maintains or improves fitness levels in an appropriate sport.

Organiser◦ Can have a part to play even if injured◦ Can develop skills such as time management that could be used outside of

sport.

Leader or coach◦ Can have an influence over others to help them improve◦ Achieve a feel good factor or sense of achievement.

Choreographer ◦ Can have a part to play even if injured◦ Can develop skills such as communication which can transfer to everyday

life.

Cross-curricular links

Specimen paperFriends of a similar age and background are

known as:a) Peer groupb) Pressure groupc) Pair groupd) Support group

(1 mark)

Specimen paperNot all physical activity is competitive. Many individuals take part in a leisure or recreational pastime.

(a) Describe a leisure or recreational activity which is also non-competitive

(2 marks)(b) For the activity you have chosen above

describe the benefits which could be gained from taking part in this activity.

(3 marks)

2010Correct etiquette is important when taking

part in physical activities.

(a) Explain what is meant by etiquette. (2 marks)

(b) Give an example of when you would expect etiquette. (2 marks)