future work and education - from an ai perspective
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Future Work & Education
From an AI PerspectiveSega Cheng (程世嘉 )
Co-founder/CEOStraaS & LIVEhousefb.me/segacheng
![Page 2: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
About Me
![Page 3: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
We Enable Your Online Video Business
![Page 5: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The world as we know it
![Page 6: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Self-Driving Truck OTTO - 2016The world's first shipment by self-driving truck, a 120-mile journey with no driver in front seat.
190 KM trip50,000 cans of beer
![Page 8: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Technology
![Page 9: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Source: NVIDIA
![Page 10: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Deep Learning
![Page 13: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ImageNet Challenge 2011 - 2015
![Page 14: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What Deep Learning is Capable of
![Page 15: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What Deep Learning is Capable of (cont’d)
![Page 17: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Artificial General Intelligence
![Page 18: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Jobs, Income, Automation
![Page 19: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
John Henry1870Talcott,West Virginia
![Page 20: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
“The Influence of machinery on the interests of the
different classes of society”
- David Richardo 1821
![Page 21: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
“The Return of the Machinery Question”
- The Economist 2016
![Page 22: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Jobs
![Page 23: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?
Carl Benedikt Frey · Michael Osborne - Sep. 2013
![Page 24: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Automated Vehicles Case Study (2016)
![Page 26: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
What Kind of Jobs will AI Create?
1.Engage w/ existing AI technologies
2.Develop new AI technologies
3.Supervise AI technologies in practice
4.Facilitate Societal shifts that accompany AI technologies
Credit: James Hodson
![Page 27: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Income(不患寡而患不均 , 孔子 )
![Page 31: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Top 0.01% Income Share, 1913 - 2015
![Page 32: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Wealth Inequality (World) - 2014
![Page 35: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
GDP per capita vs. Median Personal Income 2015 (US)
The great decoupling
![Page 36: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Non-Farm Labor and Corporate Profits Share of GDP
Trended up over the last 2 years though
![Page 37: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Is College Degree Important? Yes
![Page 38: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Policy
![Page 39: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
(1940)
![Page 40: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
3 Attitudes towards AI
●Optimist: Ray Kurzweil, Peter Diamandis, Larry Page, Sergey Brin
●Pessimist: Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Nick Bostrom, Martin Ford
●Pragmaticist: Erik Brynjolfsson, Thomas Davenport
![Page 41: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
● Research Goal: The goal of A.I. research should be to create not undirected intelligence, but beneficial intelligence.
● Research Funding: Investments in A.I. should be accompanied by funding for research on ensuring its beneficial use, including thorny questions in computer science, economics, law, ethics, and social studies, such as:
○ How can we make future A.I. systems highly robust, so that they do what we want without malfunctioning or getting hacked?
○ How can we grow our prosperity through automation while maintaining people’s resources and purpose?○ How can we update our legal systems to be more fair and efficient, to keep pace with A.I., and to
manage the risks associated with A.I.?○ What set of values should A.I. be aligned with, and what legal and ethical status should it have?
● Science-Policy Link: There should be constructive and healthy exchange between A.I. researchers and policy-makers.
● Research Culture: A culture of cooperation, trust, and transparency should be fostered among researchers and developers of A.I.
● Race Avoidance: Teams developing A.I. systems should actively cooperate to avoid corner-cutting on safety standards.
● Safety: A.I. systems should be safe and secure throughout their operational lifetime, and verifiably so where applicable and feasible.
● Failure Transparency: If an A.I. system causes harm, it should be possible to ascertain why.● Judicial Transparency: Any involvement by an autonomous system in judicial decision-making should provide a
satisfactory explanation auditable by a competent human authority.● Responsibility: Designers and builders of advanced A.I. systems are stakeholders in the moral implications of
their use, misuse, and actions, with a responsibility and opportunity to shape those implications.● Value Alignment: Highly autonomous A.I. systems should be designed so that their goals and behaviors can be
assured to align with human values throughout their operation.
The Asilomar A.I. Principles (Jan 2017)
![Page 42: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
● Human Values: A.I. systems should be designed and operated so as to be compatible with ideals of human dignity, rights, freedoms, and cultural diversity.
● Personal Privacy: People should have the right to access, manage and control the data they generate, given A.I. systems power to analyze and utilize that data.
● Liberty and Privacy: The application of A.I. to personal data must not unreasonably curtail people’s real or perceived liberty.
● Shared Benefit: A.I. technologies should benefit and empower as many people as possible.● Shared Prosperity: The economic prosperity created by A.I.I should be shared broadly, to benefit all of humanity.● Human Control: Humans should choose how and whether to delegate decisions to A.I. systems, to accomplish
human-chosen objectives.● Non-subversion: The power conferred by control of highly advanced A.I. systems should respect and improve,
rather than subvert, the social and civic processes on which the health of society depends.● A.I. Arms Race: An arms race in lethal autonomous weapons should be avoided.● Capability Caution: There being no consensus, we should avoid strong assumptions regarding upper limits on
future A.I. capabilities.● Importance: Advanced A.I. could represent a profound change in the history of life on Earth, and should be
planned for and managed with commensurate care and resources.● Risks: Risks posed by A.I. systems, especially catastrophic or existential risks, must be subject to planning and
mitigation efforts commensurate with their expected impact.● Recursive Self-Improvement: A.I. systems designed to recursively self-improve or self-replicate in a manner that
could lead to rapidly increasing quality or quantity must be subject to strict safety and control measures.● Common Good: Superintelligence should only be developed in the service of widely shared ethical ideals, and
for the benefit of all humanity rather than one state or organization.
The Asilomar A.I. Principles (Jan 2017) - Cont’d
![Page 43: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Scrutability and Accountability(AI’s Black-Box Problem)
![Page 44: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
EU: “Right to Explanation” April 2016
![Page 45: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Policy Responses - R&D, Education, Safety Net1.Invest in and develop AI for its many benefits
a. Cyberdefense
b. Detection of fraudulent transactions and messages
2.Educate and train people for jobs of the futurea. Expand the availability of job-driven training and opportunities for lifelong learning
3.Aid workers in the transition and ensure broadly shared growtha. Modernize the social safety net
![Page 48: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Research & Development Strategic Plan1.Make long-term investments in AI research2.Develop effective methods for human-AI collaboration3.Understand and address the ethical, legal, and societal implications
of AI4.Ensure the safety and security of AI systems5.Develop shared public datasets and environments for AI training
and testing6.Measure and evaluate AI technologies through standards and
benchmarks7.Better understand the national AI R&D workforce needs
![Page 49: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
0.1%
![Page 52: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Education
![Page 53: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Return of the MOOC
![Page 57: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
The current phase of digital unbundling can pave the way to more flexible, lifelong learning journeys
McKinsey & Company
![Page 58: Future work and education - From an AI Perspective](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070523/58ed22fe1a28ab661b8b457b/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Learn how to re-learn quickly