g7 plastics workshop microplastics and leakage to water … · 2018. 4. 10. · microplastics and...
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German Environment Agency
Microplastics and leakage to water-courses
and the oceans
G7 Plastics Workshop
Stefanie WernerMarine Protection Unit [email protected]. Claus Gerhard BannickWaste Water Technology Research
@ Jan van Franeker, IMARES
What are we talking about?
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 2
Plastics
Rubber
Thermoplastics
Thermosets
Elastomers
Waste
Litter
Macroplastic (above 25mm)1
Mesoplastic (5mm to 25mm)
Large microplastic (1mm to 5mm)
Small Microplastic (1µm to 1mm)
Any solid particle or object unsolublein water in the respective size
Note: The defined dimension is related tothe longest diameter of the particle
Note: The particles may show various shapes,e.g. fibre fragments, foils fragments
Microplastics are:� intentionally used in products or� not intentionally used but generated from the use of products or� coming from fragmentation/degradation of larger plastic fragments1 - ISO-report - Plastics in the Environment — Current state of knowledge and methodologies
Sources and pathways
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 3
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 4
Impacts of marine litter
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Determining and assessing microplastics
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 5
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
• Still missing: an international accepted definition, work on definition for plastics in the environment ongoing in ISO TC 61 SC 14 WG4
• Work on harmonization of investigation methods and sampling strategies ongoing in various fora, including ISO/CEN, GESAMP, JPI Oceans, EU TG Marine Litter, Regional Seas Conventions
• Establishment of common indicators for assessment of microplastics in the marine environment (requested by MSFD COM DEC, developed by EU MS and RSCs)
Annual emission of MP in the North-East Atlantic (OSPA R)
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 6
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
MP in Marine Litter Action Plans
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 7
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
G7/G20 REGIONAL (OSPAR)
Investigating sustainable and cost-effective solutions to
reduce and prevent sewage and storm water related
waste, including micro plastics entering the
marine environment.
Promote effective waste water treatment and storm
water management.
Investigate and promote with appropriate industries
the use of BAT and BEP to develop cost-effective
solutions to reduce and prevent sewage and storm
water related waste entering the marine environment,
including micro particles.
Significantly reduce the use of micro beads and single
use plastics and where appropriate phase them out.
Encouraging industry to develop sustainable packaging
and remove ingredients from products to gain
environmental benefits, such as a voluntary phase-out
of microbeads.
Evaluate all products and products that include primary
microplastics and act, if appropriate to reduce their
impact on the marine environment.
Engage with all appropriate sectors (manufacturing,
retail etc.) to explore the possibility of a voluntary
agreement to phase out the use of micro plastics as a
component in personal care and cosmetic products.
Should a voluntary agreement prove not to be
sufficient, prepare a proposal for OSPAR to call on the
EU to introduce appropriate measures to achieve a
100% phasing out of micro plastics in personal care and
cosmetic products.
Promoting best practises along the whole plastics
manufufacturing, and value chain from production to
transport, e.g. aiming for zero pelllet loss.
Significant reduce the loss of plastic pellets during
production and transport.
Promote initiatives and exchange of best practice
aiming at zero pellet loss along the whole plastics
manufacturing chain from production to transport.
MP in European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 8
ANNEX I – List of future EU measures to implement th e strategy
Actions to monitor and curb marine litter more effectively:- improved monitoring and mapping of marine litter, including microplastics,on the basis of EU harmonised methods
- support to EU MS on the implementation of their PoMs on ML under MSFD
Actions to curb microplastics pollution:- start the process to restrict the intentional addition of microplastics toproducts via REACH
- examination of policy options for reducing unintentioanl release of MP from tyres, textiles and paints
- development of measures to reduce plastic pellet spillage- evaluation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive: assessing effectiveness as regards microplastics capture and removal
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Global connection to wastewater collection (UN Statisti cs Devision)
27.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 9
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Changes in wastewater treatment in regions of Europe (E UA)
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 10
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Urban Waste Water treatmant in the EU
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Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
2 000 - 10 000 pe 11%
10 001 - 100 000 pe
38%
sup 100 000 pe
51%Agglomerations
2 000 pe
and more
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Total generated Load Total treatment plants capacity
mil
llio
n p
op
ula
tio
n e
qu
iva
len
t
Total EU waste water load per agglomeration
size, compared to treatment plants capacity
The EU reached a high level of compliance by 2014, with rates of:• 94.7 % for collection (either through collecting systems or the alternative individual or
other appropriate systems (IAS));• 88.7 % for secondary treatment;• 84.5 % for more stringent treatment than secondary treatment, removing nitrogen (N)
and/or phosphorus (P), when required. IAS should provide an ‘equivalent level ofenvironmental protection’ according to the UWWTD.
Relationships: Plastic – waste water – environment (in ge neral)
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 12
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Treated wastewater surface waters, groundwater (recharge), soils(water reuse), marine waters
Mixed wastewater overflow surface waters, marine waters
Waste water from separate sewers soils, surface waters
Sewage sludge soils (fertilizer)
https://www.sbmc.or.jp/english/050427/Sewerage_System_in_Tokyo_2.html
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 13
• Adressing MP in the forthcoming revision of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive
• Development/establishment of a test standard for the quantification of MP in WastewaterTreatment
• Revision of Sewage Sludge Directive
• Improved stormwater treatment
• Ambitious limit values for plastic in theEuropean Fertilizer Ordinance
• Establishment of monitoring programs of MP in various environmental compartments and plants using harmonized methodologies to evaluate currentsituation and effectivenes of measures taken
• Close coordination of actions taken by Japan, the EU and other G7/G20 partners, Regional Seas Convention and other parties engaged
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Outlook: further measures on wastewater treatment
After huge precipitation events in Berlin
Activities of the Interest Group „Plastic“ of the EU-EPA Network
23.03.2018 G7 Plastics Workshop 14
Microplastics and leakage to water courses and the oceans
Chairs of IG Plastic:Dr. Lilian Busse, UBA, GermanyDr. Bettina Rechenberg, UBA, Germany
German Environment Agency
Thanks for listening !Questions ?
WWSTEFANIE.WERNERW.OSPAR.ORGWWW.UMWELTBUNDESAMT.DE
[email protected]@uba.dewww.umweltbundesamt .de
@ Trevail et. al 2014