gab level 3 workbook answer key

7/16/2019 GAB Level 3 Workbook Answer Key

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Grammar and Beyond Workbook 3 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 1

GrammarandBeyondWorkbook3 AnswerKey

Unit 1 Simple Present

and Present Progressive

FirstImpressions

Simple Present vs. Present Progressive

1 page 2

2. teats 3. explains 4. desn’t/desntlse 5. iskeeping 6. alwaystellsor’s/isalwaystelling 7. see 8. alwaysmakes 9. espect10. wakeup

11. ’m/amteaching 12. alwaysty 13. ’m/amcnstantlylkingorcnstantlylk

2 page 3

2. ’snt/isn’t/isntteaching 3. ’s/isding 4. ’s/isinvestigating 5. aepaticipating;aen’t/aentwking 6. typicallymeets 7. tentalk 8. usuallyasks 9. ’s/isasking;geneallysay

10. ’s/isalsteachingoralsteaches

3 page 3

2. ’mwalking 3. ’mstudying 4. D;want5. Is;playing

6. ’snt/isn’tplaying 7. ’eshwing 8. want9. stats/’sstating

Stative Verbs

1 page 4

2. I’mhaving 3. dn’tseem

4. Ilk 5. Aeyuthinking 6. dn’thave7. I’mbeing

8. dyuhea 9. iteels

10. Ieallywant11. Ineed12. Idn’tthink

2 page 5

2. ’s/isbeing 3. have4. ’s/ishaving 5. sees

6. ’s/isseeing 7. isthinking 8. thinks

Special Meanings

and Uses of Simple Present

1 pages 5–6

2. say 3. ae4. sees5. ecgnizes6. heas7. eels

8. seem 9. dn’t/dnt;like10. think 11. dn’t/dnthave12. make

2 pages 6–7

2. believe/say 3. says/teaches4. dn’t/dntpay 5. use6. has/teaches

7. give 8. teaches 9. lives10. tavel

Avoid Common Mistakes

1 page 7

2. b3. c4. b5. b

6. a7. a8. b

2 page 8

Fsalespeple,physicalappeaanceisimptant,but

theeaethethingsthatalsgintmakingagdfst

impessin.Fexample,Ialwaysamaivingatmeetings

ntime.Iamknwingmyclientsaebusypeple,andI

undestandthattheitimeisimptant.Als,Ialwayscall

thembyname.Ievenkeepnamesandinmatinabut

clientsinaspecialflenline.Inact,Iaddinmatint

thatflethisweek.

Inthepast,Ididn’tpaymuchattentintbdy

language.Hweve,Iamleantbemecnscius

thewaysImveandhwtusemyhandseectively.At

eveymeetingIammakingeyecntact–especiallywhen

IfstgeetaclientandagainwhenIleave.Ipacticemy

geetingsinntthemieveyday.Itytemembe

tsmile.Ocuse,Ialswanttlkgd.Ihavenice

shes,andIkeepthemcleanandplished.Iamthinking

mynewhaicutmakesmelkgd,t.

arrive

know

’m/am adding

learning

make

think




Mysalesnumbesusedtbeabitlw,buttheygup

nw.Iamtytdbette.IamknwingthatIcanbe

“NumbeOne”insalesnextyea.

Self-Assessment pages 8–9

1. b2. a3. a

4. c5. c6. b

7. a8. b9. a

10. a11. a12. a

13. b14. a15. c

Unit 2 Simple Past

and Past Progressive; Used To, Would

GlobalMarketing

Simple Past vs. Past Progressive

1 page 10

2. washiding/hid

3. let4. saw 5. dpped6. wanted7. went

8. wasplanning/planned

9. wastaking/tk 10. said11. eed12. weeselling

2 page 11

2. did 3. ealized 4. placed 5. made;placed 6. used 7. began;weestillgetting

8. paked 9. weealeadycunting;weeputting 10. undestd

3 page 11

Answers will vary.

Time Clauses with Simple Past

and Past Progressive

1 page 12

2. BeetheyhiedaBazilianmaketingexpettimpvetheiimagethee,businesswasteible.

3. Oncetheexpetbegantalkingwiththeimaketingdepatment,businessbegantimpve.

4. Eveyneelaxedalittlewhensalesinceased. 5. Themaketingexpetcntinuedtwkwiththe

cmpanyuntiltheyleanedhwtadapttheiadvetisingtthelcalcultue.

2 page 12

2. while 3. ate 4. Assnas/Once/Ate

5. until 6. Assnas/Once/Ate

3 page 13

2. I3. I4. I5. S

6. S7. I8. S9. I

4 page 13 2. head;called 3. weeexplaining;weethinking 4. was;saw 5. fnished;needed 6. appved;gave

Used To and Would

1 page 14

2. a3. b

4. e5. c

2 page 14 2. usedtsuppt/wuldsuppt/suppted 3. usedtpay/wuldpay/paid 4. usedtwea/wuldwea/we 5. didn’tusetlike/didn’tlike 6. usedtty/tied 7. eused 8. tld 9. wuldwea/we10. usedtd/wuldd/did


1 page 15

2. c3. a4. b5. b

6. b7. c8. a

2 page 16

ABCCeativeStwaeusedtdesignstwae

theU.S.maketnly.eyweedingveywellandthei

businessinceasingeveyyea.eywuldtalkingm

timettimeabut“gingglbal.”Twyeasag,the

pesidentthecmpanyfnallydecidesitwastimet“g

glbal.”Duingthefstyea,theyacemanypblemsand

glbalsalesaentgd.Becausetheyusedtmaketing

theipductsttheUnitedStatesnly,theyhieda

cnsultantwhhelpedthemdesignbettemaketing

stategies.Eveyweekasthecmpanydevelping,he

wuldewkshpsinwhichhetaughtapppiate

know

was

^

talk

decided

aced

were market

was

^




maketingstategiesdieentcultues.Snsales

weeisingandthebusinessdingveywell.Snate

that,ABCCeativeStwaepenedtheifstcein

India.Whenwecalledthemecently,theycelebatedthis

peningwithabigpaty.


1. a2. c3. c

4. b5. a6. b

7. b8. a9. b

10. c11. b12. b

13. c14. a15. a

Unit 3 Present Perfect

and Present Perfect Progressive

Success

Present Perfect

1 page 18

2. C3. C4. U

5. R6. C

2 pages 18–19

2. Hehaslived15yeasinCupetin,Calinia.orHehaslivedinCupetin,Calinia,15yeas.

3. Hehasuncitycuncilutimesinthelastseveal yeas.orInthelastsevealyeas,hehaduncitycuncilutimes.

4. Sa,hehasn’t/hasntwnanyelectininhistwn.

orHehasn’t/hasntwnanyelectininhistwnsa.

5. Hehasjustdecidedtuntheschlbad.6. Henystillhasn’t/hasntgivenupnhisdeam.or

Henyhasstillntgivenupnhisdeam.7. Hehasnevebecmediscuaged.

3 page 19

2. 3. 4.

5. since6. since

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

1 page 19

2. fnished3. haven’thead4. mved5. gt

6. have;stated7. haven’tkept8. ’sbeen/was

2 page 20

2. escaped3. haveseen4. have;stpped5. haven’t/haventhad6. eceived

7. said 8. has;bught 9. gave10. aested

Present Perfect vs.

Present Perfect Progressive

1 pages 20–21

Possible answers: 2. HwlnghasOpahWineybeenwkinginTV?;She

hasbeenwkinginTVsincethe1970s. 3. HwlnghaveVenusandSeenaWilliamsbeen

playingtennis?;eyhavebeenplayingitmethan20yeas.

4. HwlnghasNeildeGasseTysnbeenhstingtheTVshw NOVA scienceNow ?;Hehasbeenhstingitsince2006.

5. HwlnghasLangLangbeenplayingthepian?;He

hasbeenplayingitsincehewastheeyeasld.

2 page 21

2. hasn’tdecided 3. havebeenvisiting 4. haveseen 5. hasspent/hasbeenspending 6. haswitten 7. hasasked/hasbeenasking 8. haveallmade/havebeenmaking 9. havewked/havebeenwking 10. havegaduated11. havehad/havebeenhaving

3 page 22

2. hasaleadyinvented 3. hasn’t/hasntcmeorhasn’t/hasntbeencming 4. hashad 5. hasbeenunning 6. hasbeen 7. hasbeenthinking

4 pages 22–23

2. havebeen 3. havebeenlivingorhavelived 4. ’ve/havelved 5. ’ve/havedneor’ve/havebeending

6. ’ve/have;takenor’ve/have;beentaking 7. haslivedorhasbeenliving 8. ’vecmeor’vebeencming 9. haslived10. hashad

was

^

were celebrating





1 page 23

2. a3. c4. a5. a

6. b7. a8. a

2 page 24

TmWilsnetiedlastyeaatealng,successul

caeeinbusiness.Sinceheetied,hehasemdeledthe

kitchenandhasbeenpaintingthewhlehuse.Nwthat

itisfnished,itlksnewagain!Tmandhiswie,Babaa,

hasalstakenaewgllessnsandhaveglfngncea

weekatthelcalglcuse.Tmhasaltextatime

andenegyandhavebeguntdsmetheckingand

cleaning.Babaahashadhewnwaysdingthings

yeas,andshehastyingtfndanicewayttellTmthat

heneedstfndsmethingelsetkeephimbusy.

Ftunately,thethedayTmanintantheetied

businessmanmhiscmpanywhtldhimthatheis

dingvlunteewksincelastyeaattheLcalBusiness

Assciatin(LBA).Hesaidhehasbeenveyhappyand

busyevesincehestated.HetldTmthatthelastew

mnthsheishelpingaVietnamesecuplewiththeinew

business.TmhasaleadybeencallingtheLBAtwicetdaytvluntee,t.Hehasbeenhavingtleaveamessage

bthtimes,butwhentheycallhimback,he’llsetupaday

tbegin.Nwhisetiementwillbeaealsuccess!


1. a2. b3. a

4. c5. a6. c

7. a8. b9. a

10. a11. b12. b

13. c14. c15. c

Unit 4 Past Perfect

and Past Perfect Progressive

Naturevs.Nurture

Past Perfect

1 pages 26–27

2. hadn’tgtten3. hadjustgiven4. hadbeenbn5. hadbecme6. ’dmade

7. hadgwnup 8. hadbecme 9. hadcmmitted10. hadswitched11. ’dneveleaned

2 page 27

2. emthehadaguedtkeepthetwinstgethe3. theyhadalwaysdneeveythingtgethe4. thetwinshadn’t/hadntmadeanyiendsinclass5. thetwinshadbeensickudays6. theyhadalwaysgttenalngwell7. thetwins’teacheshadgnetthepincipalwith

theicncens8. theteacheshadputtheminthesameclass

Past Perfect with Time Clauses

1 page 28

2. Ate3. bee/bythetime4. When/Assnas5. Until/Bee

6. Ate/When7. Bythetime/When8. until/bee

2 pages 28–29

2. Beeschlstated,theyhadplayedwithChippy

allsumme.3. Atetheipaentshaddnesmeeseachnimaginayiends,theydecidedttalkta

psychlgist.4. Beetheipaentsmadeanappintmentwiththe

psychlgist,theyhadeadaltabutthetpic.5. Whentheytalkedtthepsychlgist,hehadaleady

spent30minuteswiththetwins.7. Bythetimetheyletthepsychlgist’sce,thei

paentshadleanedthatthetwinsweenmal.

Past Perfect Progressive

1 page 292. hadbeentalking 3. hadbeenwking 4. hadbeenunning 5. hadbeenplaying

6. hadbeenpaying 7. hadn’tbeenpaying 8. hadbeenchewing

2 page 30

2. hadhad3. hadbeenpaying/hadpaid4. hadwn5. hadbeenwking/hadwked

painted

have been

^

has

been^

has been

has been

called

had




6. hadbeenhsting 7. hadbeending 8. hadbeenshaing 9. hadbeenplanning/hadplanned10. hadbeeninteviewing/hadinteviewed11. hadappeaed


1 pages 30–31

2. b3. a4. b5. a

6. c7. b8. c

2 page 31

WhenMay’sdaughtewas10yeasld,Maytld

heastyabutwhenshehasbeenayunggilhesel.

Shesaidthatuntilshewasabut10yeasld,shehas

alwaysbelievedthatshehadatwinsistesmewhee.Hepaentshadlaughedandhadsaidthatthatwas

becausesheeadtmanystiesabuttwins.Maytld

hedaughtethatneday,shehasdiscveedabx

phtsnthetpshelinacupbad.Shesaiditlkedas

iithasbeentheealngtime.ebxcntainedanld

phttwlittlegilswhappeaedtbeabuttwyeas

ld.Maysaidsheimmediatelythughtthatthephtwas

apictueheandhemissing“twinsiste.”Shetkitt

hemthe,whbegantcy.ShetldMaythatsmene

hadbeentakingthephtheselandhetwinsiste

40yeasbee,butthenashttimelate,hesistehad

beendyinginanaccident.AllalngMayhasthughtthee

wasa“missingtwin,”butnwsheknewithadbeenbeing

hemthe’stwin,nthes.


1. b2. a3. c

4. b5. a6. a

7. c8. a9. c

10. a11. b12. a

13. a14. c15. c

Unit 5 Be Going To, Present Progressive,

and Future Progressive

LookingAheadatTechnology

Be Going To, Present Progressive,

and Simple Present for Future

1 pages 34–35

2. We’ehlding 3. I’mgingthave4. We’ehaving 5. isying

6. ey’eallstaying 7. I’mpbablygingtcme8. I’mgingtmakesue9. issettingup

2 page 35

2. ’m/amtakingor’m/amgingttakeortake 3. ’m/amteachingor’m/amgingtteachorteach 4. pens 5. isgivingorisgingtgive 6. isspeakingorisgingtspeak 7. is

8. stats 9. isattendingorisgingtattend10. isgingtgorisging 11. iesorisying

3 page 35

Answers will vary.

Will and Be Going To

1 page 36

2. willget3. isgingtbe

4. willinvent

5. wn’t/willnthappen6. wn’t/willntfllut

2 page 37

2. ’mgingtwatch/’llwatch 3. ’llcheck 4. ’lllet 5. Will;tundwn 6. ’lld

3 page 37

Answers will vary.

Future Progressive

1 page 38

Possible answers: 2. isgingtbepickingorwillbepicking 3. ’s/isgingtbespendingor’ll/willbespending 4. isgingtbemeetingorwillbemeeting 5. ’s/isgingtbestayingor’ll/willbestaying 6. ’s/isgingtbegivingor’ll/willbegiving 7. ’s/isgingtbeecveingor’ll/willbeecveing 8. isgingtbetakingorwillbetaking

had

had

had read / had been reading

had

had

taken

died had




2 pages 38–39

2. isgingtbetaveling 3. ’s/isgingtbetalking 4. Ae;gingtbetaveling 5. ’m/amgingtbewking 6. will;beding 7. willbetaveling 8. ’ll/willbetalking 9. Will;betaveling 10. ’ll/willbewking


1 page 39

2. c3. b4. a5. b

6. c7. c8. a

2 page 40

eApilissuethemagazine Future Trends says

thatintheyea2030,peplewillweadispsableclthing

eveyday.Ithispedictiniscect,itgingthaveabig

impactnuclthingbusiness.Wegingtneedtbegin

eseachinganddevelpingideasceatingclthingthat

peplecanweanceandthenthwaway.

Discussinthistpicstatstmwatuweekly

ideameetinginCneenceRmA.I’lltavelnextweek

inSuthCalinatseeuacties,andIamgingtbe

discussingthesametpicwithplantmanageswhileIam

thee.

eegingtbeacneencecalled“eFutue

Fashin”inOctbethisyea.Iwillattendthat

cneence,andIhpettakeatleastnedesignewith

me.Igingtaskallyutvteatthebeginning

Septembethedesigneyuthinkdesevestg.


1. b2. b3. b

4. b5. b6. c

7. c8. c9. a

10. a11. c12. c

13. c14. b15. b

Unit 6 Future Time Clauses, Future

Perfect, and Future Perfect Progressive

BusinessPracticesoftheFuture

Future Time Clauses

1 page 42

2. Oncethewebsiteiseady,shewillpstpictueshe pducts.

3. Shewillntmakemehatsuntilhecustmesplace/haveplacedaltdes.

4. Assnassheeceives/haseceivedalagedehats,shewillbuy/isgingtbuymemateials.

5. Shewillmail/isgingtmailhatstcustmesateshefnishes/hasfnishedthehats.

6. Shewillnthie/isntgingthieemplyeesandanaccuntantuntilhebusinessmakes/hasmadea

pft.7. Beethehlidayseasnaives,shewilljin/isging

tjinannlinenetwkingsiteentepeneus.

2 page 43

2. ’ve/haveinstalled;aegingtbe3. aegingtsend;hasstated4. aegingtwash;havefnished5. aen’t/aentgingthappen;hasbegun

3 page 43

2. aegingttake;emdel3. willaleadybeplanning;cmes4. willbemeeting;aives5. isgingtbe;isstating 6. willbeinteviewing;isplanning

4 page 43

Answers will vary.

Future Perfect vs.

Future Perfect Progressive

1 page 44

2. willhavebecme3. willhavedeceased4. willhavestated

5. willhavebecme6. willhavehied7. willhavetaken

2 page 44

2. ByMach,thediectwillhavebeenwkingatthecmpany25yeas.3. ByAugust,thesalesepswillhavebeentelecmmuting

5yeas.4. ByOctbe,theemplyeeswillhavebeenusingstwae

tsetupmeetings3yeas.

be wearing

’s/is

^ ’re/are

^

’m traveling / ’ll be traveling

is

^ ’m/am attending

’m/am

^




3 page 45

2. willhavebeendesigning 3. willhavebeenceating 4. willhavebaked5. willhavemved6. willhavestudied/willhavebeenstudying


1 pages 45–46

2. a3. b4. b5. a

6. b7. b8. a

2 page 46

AnaRaywillstatanewchild-caecenteate

shewillgetachild-caelicense.Onceshewillgetthe

license,shewillemdelhehme.Bynextall,shehave

tunedthefstintachild-caecente.Bythen,heamilymvedtthesecnd.Bythetimethecente

willhavepened,Anawillhavebeenwkedwithchilden

10yeas.Shewillbewkingbyheselwhenshe

fstwillpenhebusiness,butshemayexpand.Bythis

timenextyea,shehasdecidedwhetheanexpansinis

pssible.Shehavemademanycntactsbythen,sshewill

beabletfndmanycustmes.


1. b2. a3. a

4. a5. b6. a

7. c8. c9. c

10. b11. c12. c

13. b14. b15. a

Unit 7 Social Modals

LearningHowtoRemember

Modals and Modal-like Expressions

of Advice and Regret

1 pages 48–49

2. shuld3. ’dbettent4. mightnt

5. shuldnt6. ’dbette7. shuldnt

2 page 49

Possible answers: 2. might/culd3. might/culd4. shuld/ughtt/hadbette

5. shuld/ughtt6. hadbettent/shuldn’t7. shuld/ughtt

3 page 50

Answers will vary.

Modals and Modal-like Expressions

of Permission, Necessity, and Obligation

1 pages 50–51

2. must3. hast4. dn’thavet5. aeequiedt6. weesuppsedt7. weentsuppsedt8. willhavet9. aeequiedt

2 A page 51

2. Yucan/maytalkttheteache.3. Yucan/mayasktheteachehelpwithdiectins.4. Yucan’t/mayntuseyuntes.5. Yucan/mayuseadictinay.6. Yucan’t/maynthaveyutextbkspen.

B page 52

2. Culdyuuse3. weeallwedtask 4. ween’t/weentallwedtbing 5. culdn’t/culdntpen6. ween’t/weentallwedttalk

Modals and Modal-like Expressionsof Ability

1 page 53

Phtgaphicmemyccuswhenapesn

isableemembealageamuntinmatinaccuately.

Expetsdisageenwhethentapesncanthave

aphtgaphicmemy.Smeexpetssayitisextemely

ae.eysaythatsmechildenaeabletemembeing

altinmatin.Hweve,asadults,theyntabletd

this.Otheexpetssaythatphtgaphicmemydes

ntexist.

Manypeplethinkthataphtgaphicmemywuld

bewndeul.Smeeseachessaythisisnttue.When

peplehavephtgaphicmemy,theyaeableste

ageatdealinmatin,likeacmputedatabase.

Hweve,theymightemembealtinmatinthat

gets gets

will

^

will have

^ opens working

open

will have

will

^

is able to remember

can have

are able to remember

aren’t/are not able to do

are able to store




isntnecessayeveydaylie.Reseachessaythat

memyisnlyimptantwhenpeplecanuseditin

theieveydaylives.Ipepleemembeeveythingthey

see,ead,andhea,theywillbentabletganizethe

inmatininauseulwayandecallitquicklywhen

theyneedit.Als,smetimespeplewithphtgaphic

memycangetntthingstheydn’twantt

emembe.

Smeexpetssaythatphtgaphicmemyisnt

smethingpepleaebnwith.eybelievethatpeple

whcantemembelageamuntsinmatinhave

twkhadsthattheycantdthis.

2 page 54

2. Hweve,theyaeabletmemizehispiecesby pacticingalt.

3. Hiseditculdn’t/culdntundestandhwSheeshevskywasabletemembeeveythinghehead.

4. ejunalistwasabletemembealnglistnumbes.

5. Hweve,mststudentsaen’t/aentabletemembeinmatinwithutstudying.

3 page 54

2. culdhaveleaned3. culdhavegtten4. culdn’thavegiven5. culdn’thaveead

6. culdn’thavepassed


1 page 55

2. a3. c4. b5. b

6. c7. b8. a

2 page 56

AnnePaksuppsedtceateanexpeimentttestthe

memiescats.Shedevelpedthellwingtest.Sheput

ablckbetweenacatandateat.ecatallwedtgetthe

teat,buttheblckwasintheway.efsttimethecat

tiedtgettheteat,ittippedvetheblck.esecnd

time,itemembeedtheblckwastheeandsteppedve

it.Annethenplayedwiththecatinanthemandthen

epeatedtheexpeiment.Eachtimesheplayedwiththe

catalittlebitlnge.ecatemembeedtheblckwas

theeupt10minutes.Ate10minutesplay,thecat

tippedvetheblck.Annewassupised.Shethught

thecatshuldemembeedtheblck.

Annecncludedthatcatshavememiesabut

10minutes.Shemustnthavetunedinheesultsight

away,sshedecidedttesthetheywithmecats.

Shebwed10catsmashelteandepeatedthe

expeiment.Sheallwedtkeepthecatssevealdays.

eesultsweethesame.Anne’sbssthughttheesults

weesuccessul,butshehadsmeciticisms.Shethught

thatAnneshuldtestedevenmecatsheexpeiment.

ShealsthughtAnne’sntesshuldincludedme

details.

Annesuppsedtetunthecatsttheshelte.She

mustnthaveundhmesthecats,butshewantedt.


1. a2. b3. a

4. a5. c6. b

7. b8. a9. c

10. c11. a12. a

13. c14. b15. c

Unit 8 Modals of Probability:

Present, Future, and Past

ComputersandCrime

Modals of Present Probability

1 page 58

2. maynt3. mightnt4. shuld

5. culdn’t6. hast7. might

2 page 59

2. might/culd/may 3. culdn’t/can’t

4. must/hast5. can’t/culdn’t

6. may/might/culd7. shuld/ughtt

8. must/hast9. havet/must

Modals of Future Probability

1 A page 60

Possible answers: 2. willpay 3. wn’t/willntspend4. wn’t/willntfnish

can use

won’t/will not be able to organize

can’t/cannot orget

can remember

can do

was

^

was

^

have

^

did not have to turn in

was

^

have

^ have

^

was

^ did not have to fnd




5. shuldgetormightgetorwillget 6. willtake 7. mightntbe 8. mightknworshuldknw 9. willbeorshuldbe10. wn’t/willnttake11. shuldfnish

B page 61

Possible answers: 2. Niclewillbetakingclassesinthesumme. 3. Niclemay/might/culdbetakingaclassintheall. 4. Nicleshuld/ughtt/may/might/culdbe

gaduatinginJanuay. 5. Niclemay/might/culdbegettingapmtin

inJanuay. 6. Niclewn’tbelkinganewjbinJanuay.

2 page 61

Answers will vary.

Modals of Past Probability

1 page 62

2. b3. a4. b

5. a6. b

2 pages 62–63

Possible answers: 2. Silviamust/culd/mighthavebeenablackhathacke.

Shemust/culd/mighthavestlensmene’sceditcad.

3. Debbiemust/culd/mighthavebeenawhitehathacke.Shemust/culd/mighthavebkeninta

cmputesystemlegally.Shemust/culd/mighthavetestedthecmpany’ssecuitysystem. 4. Claiemust/culd/mighthavebeenahbbyhacke.

Shemust/culd/mighthavehackedintthepgamun.Shemust/culd/mighthavehadenughmneytpaythepgams.

5. Calmust/culd/mighthavebeenapheake.Hemust/culd/mighthavehackedintthephnecmpany’scmputesystem.


1 pages 63–64

2. b3. b4. a5. c

6. a7. c8. c

2 page 64

Possible answers:

Einmightgettingajbasawhitehathackealage

cmputecmpany.Shemaywkingwithnetw

thepeplettestthesystem.ehackeswilltyt

fndweaknessesinthesystem.Einthinksthatshe

mustenjythistypewkishegetsthejb.She

mightstatingthejbinthenextewweeks.

IEindesgetthejb,shewn’tfxingthepblems.

Instead,shemustbepepaingaepttthecmpany.

SmeneelsewillfxthepblemsbecauseEindesn’t

havetheexpeiencetdthat.Sheisupsetthatshecannt

fxpblemsaswellbecauseshewuldmakememney.

Untunately,sheculdhaventgttenadegeein

stwaedevelpmentbecausehecllegedidn’te

stwaedevelpmentclasses.Instead,shestudied

cmputesecuitysystems.

Einmighthaventgttenthejbssheapplied,

butthat’sOK.She’seallyhpeulabuthechances

thisjb.Ishegetsthejbanddeswell,maybeshemust

gbacktschlnceshe’smakingmemney.


1. a2. c3. a

4. a5. c6. b

7. b8. c9. a

10. b11. a12. c

13. b14. b15. c

Unit 9 Nouns and Modifying Nouns

AttitudesTowardNutrition

Nouns

1 page 66

2. Smeexpetssayit’shealthytgetanhuexecisedaily.

3. Smepepleneedtdinksixclasseswateeveyday.

4. atdietistexteme.5. Yushuldeattheemealsaday.6. It’sOKthaveasnackduingtheday.7. Achildneedsthaveadietwithenughcalciumt

buildbnes.8. Itishealthytaddsmestawbeiestyuceeal.

2 pages 66–67

2. nins3. wate4. salt5. sup6. diet7. weight8. lss

9. nutitin10. vegetables11. health12. advice13. inmatin14. execise

be

^ be

^

may

be

^ be

^ will

not

^

not

^

will




3 page 67

2. Yucanhavechicken.Yucan’t/cannthavebee.3. Yucanhavefsh.Yucan’t/cannthavepasta.4. Yucanhavenuts.Yucan’t/cannthaveckies.5. Yucanhavebead.Yucan’t/cannthavednuts.6. Yucanhavevegetables.Yucan’t/cannthaveuit.7. Yucanhaveygut.Yucan’t/cannthaveeggs.8. Yucanhavetea.Yucan’t/cannthavecee.

4 page 68

Possible answers: 2. eichdn’talwayshaveabettediet.oreich

alwayshaveabettediet.3. eeducatedknwwhatkindsdaehealthy.or

eeducateddn’tknwwhatkindsdaehealthy.4. Itcanbehadthepthavehealthyeatinghabits.

orItisnthadthepthavehealthyeatinghabits.

5. esickshuldexeciseegulaly.oresickshuldn’texeciseegulaly.

Noncount Nouns as Count Nouns

1 page 68

2. cheese;cheeses3. meat;meats4. uits;uit5. tea;teas

6. sups;sup7. d;ds8. juice;juices

2 page 69

2. twcups 3. theecups 4. apund 5. fveteaspns

6. abit 7. eightglasses 8. anhu

3 page 692. twcups;cn3. Apiece;watemeln4. Aglass;milk 5. apinch;salt

6. Aewdps;il7. Twquats;wate8. agame;basketball

Modifying Nouns

1 page 70

2. Ithasanenmusectangulaswimmingpl.3. Ithasgeatmdenexeciseequipment.4. eeaebigundmetalweights.5. egymesppulaygaclasses.

6. egymhasawndeulnewEupeancaé.7. ecaésevesdeliciuslagebwlsuit.8. eeaealshealthyJapaneseteasinthecaé.

2 pages 70–71

2. newcttn3. blueandwhiteorwhiteandblue4. geatblack 5. edandyellworyellwanded6. uglygeenandpupleoruglypupleandgeen7. lvelyantiqueceamic

8. geatFenchcee 9. unnewexecise10. deliciusstawbey


1 page 71

2. b

3. a4. a5. c

6. b

7. a8. c

2 page 72

Allmealaeimptant,butbeakastisthemst

imptantmealtheday.It’ssmetimeshadtget

childenteatbeakast.Heeisaecipethatchilden

lve,andevenafve-yeas-ldchildcanmakeit!Putd

clingsintathee-uncesglassmilk.Useyuchild’s

avitecl.engiveyuchildtwslicesbeads.Letyuchildpaintaaceneachslicewithaclean

paintbushandthecledmilk.Putthebeadintthe

taste.Remveitandaddsmebutte.Mstchildlvethe

unaces!

ManyecipesthiskindisntheKidsEatwebsite.

KidsEatisanganizatinthathelpschildeneatbette.

epepleattheganizatinisdedicatedtimpving

childen’seatinghabits.eecipeaeeasytllwand

delicius!


1. b2. b3. c

4. c5. b6. c

7. a8. c9. b

10. b11. c12. c

13. b14. c15. c

Unit 10 Articles and Quantifiers

Color

Indefinite Article, Definite Article,

and No Article

1 page 74

2. the3. a4. a5. a6. the

7. a 8. e 9. a10. e

meals

fve-year-old

coloring three-ounce

bread

children

are

are

recipes




2 page 74

2. the;Ø3. Ø4. Ø;the

5. Ø6. Ø

3 page 75

2. A;the3. an4. Ø;e

5. Ø

6. a;Ø7. the8. the

9. a

Quantifiers

1 page 75

2. Alt 3. Nne 4. Quiteaew;ntmany 5. Alt;n

6. Sme;aew 7. Many;ntalt 8. Aew;nne

2 page 76

2. little3. aew

4. Few

5. Aew 6. alittle

7. ew

3 page 76

3. alittle 4. Ntmany 5. sme 6. Ntmuch 7. alt 8. aew 9. quiteaew

10. many 11. Sme 12. aew 13. Many 15. n 16. All 17. ageatdeal


1 page 77

2. c3. a4. c5. c

6. a7. b8. a

2 page 78

PhilWilsnisclecaste.Helksatwhatcls

willbeppulainmuchaeaslikeashinandintei

design.Lkattheclshesayswillbecmeppula.

• Oangeisgingtbeveyppulathisyeainclthingandinthehme.

• Mucheathycls,likeshadesbwn,geen,and

blue,willbeppulainhmedecating.Hweve,

theseeathyclsaen’tgingtbeppulainashin.

• Weaingmuchclsatthesametimewillbe

ashinable.Weaingaltclstgetheisgingt

beeallyppulawithteenages.

• Puttingunusualclstgetheisalsgingtbea

tendinashin–example,weainged,ange,and

pupletgethe.eseclsusuallydn’tgtgethe.

M.Wilsnhasbeensuccessulatpickingaltcl

tendsinthepast.AnnaRamiez,whisinteidesigne,

alwayscnsidesPhil’sadvice.Shesays,“Lastyea,hesaid

thatpuplewuldbeppula,andve50pecentmy

clientswantedpupleintheihmes.isyea,I’mging

tbeeadytuseeathyclsandaltange!”


1. b2. b3. a

4. c5. b6. c

7. a8. b9. a

10. c11. b12. a

13. b14. a15. c

Unit 11 PronounsUnusualWorkEnvironments

Reflexive Pronouns

1 page 80

SubjectPronoun

ObjectPronoun

ReflexivePronoun

1. I me myself

2. you (singular) you yourself

3. he him himself

4. she her herself

5. it it itself

6. we us ourselves

7. you (plural) you yourselves

8. they them themselves

2 pages 80–81

2. himsel 3. yusel 4. themselves5. hesel

6. yuselves7. itsel 8. uselves

3 page 812. itsel 3. they 4. them5. themselves6. themselves

7. himsel 8. themselves 9. them10. him11. yusel

a

^ many

Many

many

a lot

a lot

an

^

a lot




4 page 82

2. yuselves3. byhesel 4. himsel 5. bythemselves

6. yusel/yuselves7. himsel 8. mysel 9. yuselves/yusel

Pronouns with Other / Another

1 page 832. Antheis3. Othesae4. ethesae

5. ethesae6. Othesae

2 page 83

2. thes 3. eachthe 4. thes 5. thes

3 page 84

2. eachthe/neanthe 3. eachthe/neanthe 4. thethe 5. eachthe/neanthe 6. eachthe/neanthe 7. anthe 8. eachthe/neanthe/thes 9. anthe10. anthe11. ethe12. anthe13. thethe

Indefinite Pronouns

1 A page 85

People Places Things

anybody nobody anywhere anything

anyone no one everywhere everything

everybody somebody nowhere nothing

everyone someone somewhere something

B pages 85–86

2. Anybdy/Anyne 3. anywhee/eveywhee 4. Anybdy/Anyne

5. smething 6. smewhee 7. Eveybdy/Eveyne 8. anything/eveything 9. eveybdy/eveyne10. nbdy/nne11. nwhee12. anywhee

2 page 86

2. anywhee; Answers will vary.3. eveyne/eveybdy; Answers will vary.4. anything; Answers will vary.5. nthing; Answers will vary.


1 page 872. b3. b4. c5. a

6. c7. c8. c

2 page 88

Manycmpanieshaveunusualwkenvinments,but

smeaemeunusualthanthe.

• AtGeenMuntainCeeRastes,emplyeescang

takeaclassatthensitemeditatincente.ee,they

cangivetheiselvessmetimetelax,andtheng

backtwk.

• AtChesapeakeEnegyCp.,emplyeescantake

scuba-divingclasses.Smeemplyeeswktwad

ascuba-divingcetifcatin.Othejusttaketheclasses

un.

• AtTupanin,apethealthinsuancecmpany,

eveybdyeceiveeepetinsuancetheicatdg.

• Anumbecmpanieseageatbeneft:eveyne

getaeelunch.FactSetReseachisnecmpanythat

desthis,andtheincludeGgle,Facebk,and

Netix.

• CamdenPpetyTustgivesadiscunttemplyees

whliveinthebuildingsthecmpanywns.Anyne

mthecmpanypay20pecentlessinent.

• Micstgivesemplyeeseegceydelivey.Itals

matchesdnatinsthatanynegivetachaity.eundethecmpanyhisselgivesaltmneyt

chaity.


1. b2. a3. a

4. c5. b6. a

7. c8. c9. b

10. a11. b12. c

13. b14. c15. a

others

themselves

Others

receives

gets

others

pays

gives

himsel




Unit 12 Gerunds

GettinganEducation

Gerunds as Subjects and Objects

1 page 90

Gettinganeducatinisimptanttmanyyung

pepleintheUnitedStates.Inact,yungpeplemustgetaneducatin.Statingschlatagefve,evenyungeitheygtpeschl,isnmalmststudents.Itdependsnthestate,butmststudentsdn’tfnishstudyinguntiltheyae1718.Studentsgtelementayschl,middleschl(smetimescalledjunihighschl),andthenhighschl. Manyhighschlsaeeingclassesthatpepaestudentscllege–example,advancedEnglish,math,andscienceclasses.eseclassesaecalledcllegepepclasses.Hweve,ntattendingcllegeisanptin.Smestudentsenjygettingajbightutschl.Taking

vcatinalcuses,suchascaepaicmputeskills,isanptinhighschlstudentswhaentplanningtgtcllege.

2 page 90

2. wking 3. mving 4. Planning 5. becming

6. becming 7. Paying 8. helping

3 page 91

Answers will vary.

Gerunds After Prepositions

and Fixed Expressions

1 page 91

2. having 3. leaning 4. nusing

5. inapplying 6. ateducating 7. abuttying

2 pages 92–93

2. Heneedstleanabutgettingfnancialaid.3. HecmplainsabutdingseachesntheIntenet.4. He’s/Heisusedtdingeveythingbyhimsel.5. HethinksIvanshuldcncentatengettingmney

schl.6. Headmitstthinkingabuttmanythingsatthe

sametime.7. HeinsistsnhelpingIvan.8. He’ll/Hewilltakecaesigningupacmpute.

3 page 93

Answers will vary.

Gerunds After Nouns + of

1 page 93

2. Sheundestandstheimptancegingtcllege.3. Shethinksthecstattendingcllegeisexpensive.4. Sheistyingtfgueutthebestwaypaying

cllege.5. She’sntsueabutthebenefttakingutastudent

lan.6. Sheisexcitedabutthepssibilitygettingagant.

2 page 94

2. wayspending 3. isknthaving 4. advantagebwing 5. disadvantagegetting 6. eapaying


1 pages 94–95

2. a3. a4. c5. c

6. a7. c8. c

2 page 95

Atespendtwyeasatacmmunitycllege,Pam

decidedthatshedidntwantttansettheu-yea

univesityinhecity.Shethughtabutbecmeadg

taineinstead.Shehaddeamedbeadgtainesince

shewasveyyung.Sheaskedaiendadvice.He

iendsuggestedvlunteeingattheHumaneSciety.

Tytgetajbatapetstetgainexpeiencewas

antheidea.Heiendalssuggestedeadingbksand

aticlesabutdgtaining.Atetalkingtheiend,Pam

spenttimenlineseachinginmatin.Checkut

websitesweeanthegdsuggestinmheiend.

Inteviewveteinaiansinthecmmunityalsseemed

likeagdidea.Becmeadgtainebegantlkme

dicultthanshehadealized.Shedecidedttanset

theunivesitytstudyanimalscienceandvlunteeatthe

HumaneScietyinhespaetime.Cncentatingnhe

studiesaemakinghehappythesedays.Studyinganimal

scienceaethebestdecisinshe’sevemade!

spending

becoming

being

Trying

Checking

was

Interviewing

Becoming

is

is





1. c2. a3. b

4. a5. c6. a

7. c8. b9. a

10. a11. c12. b

13. b14. c15. c

Unit 13 Infinitives

InnovativeMarketingTechniques

Infinitives with Verbs

1 page 98

2. twk 3. tteach4. tbecme5. tbe

6. ntthave7. tincease8. nttwaste

2 page 99

2. tpaint3. tput/himtput

4. tceate5. tleave

6. tadvetise7. ttake

8. Jimtpaint

3 page 99

2. Ms.Lindentldhimtspendmemneynadvetising.

3. Sheugedhimtuseceativeadvetisingmethds.4. Heaskedhetgivehimsmeideas.5. Macelchsetputadsinteenmagazines.6. eadvetisementspesuadedyungcnsumest

buyMacel’sclthing.

Infinitives vs. Gerunds

1 A page 100

2. Niclehatescallingiendsnhecellphne.3. Niclelikestchecke-mailnhecellphne.4. Nicledesn’t/desntlikeusingtheIntenetn

hecellphne.5. Niclepeesttakepictueswithacamea.6. Niclepeescheckinge-mailnhephne.7. Niclebegantusetheiphnesevicelastyea.8. Niclewillcntinueusingtheiphnesevice.

B page 101

Answers will vary.

2 page 101

2. tput3. tbing 4. leaving 5. nthaving 6. tdiscuss

7. tget 8. discussing 9. petending 10. ttell

Infinitives After Adjectives and Nouns

1 page 102

2. isn’t/isntdiculttpst 3. willbeamazedtdiscveorwillbesupisedtfnd 4. aeeadytheaoraelikelytbuy 5. Dntbeaaidtgiveaway 6. willbesupisedtfndorwillbeamazedtdiscve

7. aelikelytbuy 8. isn’t/isntnecessaytshck 9. iseasytd10. aeluckytbecme

2 page 103

2. waytget; Answers will vary. 3. chancetsell; Answers will vary. 4. abilitytchange; Answers will vary. 5. timetbuy; Answers will vary.


1 pages 103–1042. b3. a4. c5. a

6. a7. c8. b

2 page 104

Falseadvetisingisgivinguntueinmatinabuta

pduct.Smestesusealseadvetisingbecausethey

wantthatyucmeinside.Heeaesmecmmnms

alseadvetisingthatstesusetpesuadeyut

buyingtheipducts:

• Smecmpaniesusepictuesthatmaketheipducts

lkbettethantheyae.Maybeyuseeapictuea

geatcmputenline.Whenyugetttheste,the

cmputelksveydieent.esalespeplethen

eyuanthe,meexpensive,cmpute.

• Smestesadvetisegeatsales.Yulkwadt

buythepductyusee,butwhenyugetttheste,

theitemyuwantbuyisgne.Onceyu’eintheste,salespepleugeyutntleavewithutbuying

smething.

• Smeadvetisementssalespeplesayapductcan

dsmethingthatitcan’td.eycnvincethatyuget

it,andthenyu’edisappintedwhenyugethme.

Becaeulalseadvetisingwhenyushp.Wedn’t

wantthatyubedisappinted.

to

^

buy

buying

to

not

^

to

^

to

^





1. b2. b3. c

4. c5. a6. b

7. a8. b9. b

10. a11. a12. b

13. a14. a15. b

Unit 14 Negative Questions

and Tag QuestionsGeographicMobility

Negative Questions

1 page 106

2. didn’t;mve3. Didn’t;change4. aen’t

5. Dn’t;stay 6. Dn’t;include

2 page 107

2. Dn’tyuhaveadegeeinecnmics?;N;Educatin

3. Dn’tyuwkatDyettHighSchlnw?;n;DylanHighSchl4. Haven’tyulived/beenlivinginChicagsince2006?;

N;20085. Didn’tyumvetMexicCity?;Yes;20066. Dn’tyuspeakSpanishandPtuguese?;Spanishand

Fench

Tag Questions

1 page 108

2. aen’tthey 3. can’tit

4. isit5. dn’tthey 6. aen’tthey

7. hashe 8. hasthee

9. willthey 10. wuldyu

2 pages 108–109

2. mved;didn’tthey;Yes,theydid.ordidn’tmve;didthey;Yes,theydid.

3. ispainting;isn’the;N,heisn’t.He’spaintinghuses.orisn’tpainting;ishe;N,heisn’t.He’spaintinghuses.

4. mved;didn’tshe;N,shedidn’t.ShemvedtLndn.ordidn’tmve;didshe;N,shedidn’t.ShemvedtLndn.

5. bught;didn’tthey;N,theydidn’t.eybughtaestauant.ordidn’tbuy;didthey;N,theydidn’t.eybughtaestauant.

6. isliving;isn’tshe;Yes,sheis.orisn’tliving;isshe;Yes,sheis.

3 page 109

2. a3. b4. a5. a

4 A page 110

2. Yes,itis3. N,theydidn’t4. Yes,theydid5. Yes,itis

B page 110

2. A 3. U

4. A 5. A

5 page 110

Answers will vary.


1 page 111

2. c3. c4. c5. a

6. a7. b8. b

2 page 112

Q: YutavelmplacetplaceinKenya,desn’the?

A: N.Itavelalt.Imvemplacetplacewiththe

dctsandnuses.

Q: Yunwkingmstlyinsmalltwns?

A: Yes,Iam.eeaen’tmanyhspitalsthee.Wehavea

smallhspitalinavan.

Q: Yudivethevanmplacetplace,n?A: Well,Idn’tdiveitmysel.Smeneelsedivesit.We

usuallystayinaplaceaewweeks.enwegt

anthetwn.

Q: ismedicalpgamhelpsaltpeple,desn’tshe?

A: Yes,itdes.Wegivehealthcaetmanypepleinsmall

twns.

Q: Yungettiedmvingaundsmuch?

A: Yes.Inevegettied.Ilveit.

Q: Newdctswillbecmingtyupgamnext

week,n?

A: Yes,theywill.I’mgingtbetainingsixnewdcts.

Q: enyu’eginghme,isn’tit?

A: N,I’mnt.Actually,I’mgingtEthipiatsetupa

mbileclinicthee.

don’t you

Yes, I do

Aren’t you

don’t you

it

Don’t you

No, I don’t

won’t they

aren’t you





1. c2. a3. c

4. a5. b6. c

7. b8. c9. a

10. c11. a12. c

13. b14. a15. a

Unit 15 That Clauses

CulturalValues

That Clauses

1 page 114

Manyjbshavedieentvaluesassciatedwiththem.Hee

aejustaew:

Doctors: Dctsvalueeachpatient’slie.eyeven

takeanath.eathsaysdctsmust

teatsickpepletthebesttheiability.

Dctsalspmisetkeepapatient’s

inmatinpivate.

Lawyers: Pivacyisalsimptantinlaw.Lawyes

knwtheycanntshaeaclient’sinmatin

withthesitheclientdesn’twantthemt.

Lawyesalsvalueainess.

Teachers: Teachesvalueleaning.eybelieveall

studentscanlean.

Dentists: Dentistsvaluegddentalcae.ey

knwtheipatientswillhavehealthieteeth

itheybushandssthemeveydayand

seeadentistegulaly.

Librarians: Libaiansvalueeading.eyals

thinkpepleshuldbequietinlibaies

tletthepeplecncentatenwhat

theyaeeading.

Journalists: Junalistscaeabutthetuth.eyleantheymustbecectandaiwhen

epting.

2 page 115

2. PaulassumesBaziliansdn’tusuallymindbeinglatepatieswithclseiends.

3. M.IthaseadthatGemansusuallyliketbentime.4. MelissaeelsAmeicansaesmetimestwied

abuttime.

5. Ms.PipehasnticedthatCanadiansusuallystatmeetingsntime.

6. Calinahasealizedsmetimesit’sntimptanttbentimeinItaly.

7. D.RbinsundestandsthatChinesepepletenplanthingsyeasinadvance.

8. Benguessespepleaen’ttenlatepatiesinJapan.

3 page 116

Answers will vary.

Agreement Between That Clauses

and Main Clauses

1 page 116

2. Reseachshwsthatmstpepleespecttheipaents.3. Mstpaentsimaginethattheichildenwillalways/

aealwaysgingtespectthem.4. Mstchildenleanthatgandpaentsdeseveespect.5. Smehistianseelthatpepleshwedthesme

espectinthepast.

6. Smeteachesthinkthatchildenweemeespectulinthepast.7. Smeteacheshpethatstudentswill/aegingt

listenbetteintheutue.8. Expetsealizethattendswill/aegingtchange

vetime.

2 page 117

2. stand3. hadbeenstanding 4. like5. wee

6. wuldsee7. didn’tstand8. ae

That Clauses After Adjectives and Nouns

1 page 118

Dieentcultueshavedieentviewsnleaninglanguages.Whatdyuthinkabutleaninglanguages? JL22: PepleintheUnitedStatestenknwnly

nelanguage,butit’scleathatpepleinEupeusuallyleanmethannelanguage.

KyleK: It’sundestandablethatEupeansknwmanylanguages.ecuntiesaeclsetgethe,andtheyneedtcmmunicatewitheachthe.

DougT: It’suntunatethatpepleintheUnited

Statesdn’tspeakmelanguages.It’smyviewthattheeaemanybeneftstbeingbilingual! Mary96: Itisevidentthatbilingualpeplehave

advantages.It’sundestandablethatbilingual peplegetbettejbs.

Sandra: epblemisthatntmanyschlsintheUnitedStateseenugheignlanguageclasses.

George06: Idisagee.Myimpessinisthatschlseclasses,butit’sveychallengingtfndplacestspeakthelanguagesutsideclass.

that

^

that

^

that

^

that

^

that

^

that

^




JavierR: I’mcetainthatpepleinmycuntyvaluelanguageleaning.AlmsteveyneleansSpanishandEnglishinschl.

L1990: MyhpeisthateveynewillspeakbthSpanishandEnglishinthenext20yeas.

Mei92: Mycncenisthatpeplewillstillnlybebilingual.It’stunatethatwespeaktheelanguagesinmyamily.

Isabel: Insmeplacesthee’sabeliethatleaning

nlynelanguageisthebest.Iguessthepintisthataltusdisagee!

2 page 119

2. Itiscleathatdieentcultualvaluesshuldbeespected.

3. epblemisthatsmethingcnsideedpsitivebynecultuemightbecnsideednegativebyanthe.orItisapblemthatsmethingcnsideedpsitivebynecultuemightbecnsideednegativebyanthe.

4. ItisinteestingthattheIntenetmighthelpeducethesepblemsbymakingpeplemeawaethecultues.

5. ehpeisthatpeplewillleanmeabutcultual valuesinthecunties.6. Itislikelythattheewillbeewecnictsbecause

dieentcultualvaluesintheutue.

3 page 119

Answers will vary.


1 page 120

2. c3. a

4. b5. c

6. c7. c

8. b

2 page 121

eeaemanyplacesinthewldthataecultually

divese.Itisinteestingpeplewithdieentcultual

valuescantengetalngwellintheseplaces.Heeae

smethemstdivesecitiesinthewld.

NewYorkCity: ItiscleathatNewYkCityalwaysbeen

cultuallydivese.Peplespeakaund

800languagesinthecity.Immigantshave

cmetNewYkCitymallvethe

wld,andexpetsaecetainthatthe

tendcntinueintheutue.

Toronto: TntisCanada’smstdivesecity.Itis

tue,thatFenchandEnglishaecial

languagesinCanada,buteseachshws

thatalmstne-thidthepeplein

Tntspeakaeignlanguageathme.

OvehalthepeplelivinginTnt

weentbninCanada.

LosAngeles: LsAngelesisanthedivesecity.

Reseachshws,thatalmsthal

theppulatinisLatin,14pecentis

Asian,and9pecentisAicanAmeican.

L.A.isdiveseintheways,t.Expets

saythatistheceativecapitalthewld.

London: Onewebsitesaysthat,almstevey

cultueinthewldcanbeundin

Lndn.elagenumbecultuesis

eectedintheestauants,inwhichyu

canfndavaietydmaundthe wld.

Dubai: Dubaiisquicklybecmingadivesecity.

Itissupisingthatwasntdiveseinthe

past.Manypeplemaundthewld

havemvedtheewk,makingita

glbalcitytday.


1. b2. c3. b

4. a5. b6. c

7. a8. a9. b

10. b11. c12. a

13. a14. c15. a

Unit 16 Noun Clauses

with Wh- Words and If /Whether

InventionsTheySaidWouldNeverWork

Noun Clauses with Wh- Words

1 page 1242. whee3. hwmany;wh4. when;hw/why 5. why

6. hwmany 7. which/what8. what

2 page 125

2. whattexpect3. wheetheitemcmes4. when/wheeyuwant5. whatyusee

6. whatyuget7. hwtlk 8. hw/wheetfnd9. Whatpeplesay

that

^

has

^

is going to / will

^

Los Angeles / the city / it

^

Dubai / the city / it

^




3 page 125

2. eystilldn’tknwwhenthe“algaeuel”canbeusedincas.

3. Manypeplecaeabutwhathappenswiththeeseach.

4. eesultsthepjectmayaecthwwepweucasintheutue.

5. I’mntsuewhatwillhappenwiththisnewtechnlgy.6. Hweve,Icanundestandwhysmanypepleae

inteestedinit.

Noun Clauses with If / Whether

1 page 126

2. thenamewasmthesevantwhpepaeditmthemanwhateit

3. ithappenedinthe17th18thcentuy 4. theeallikedhissandwich5. Sandwichisthenameaplace6. theplaceisinEnglandNthAmeica7. thesandwichbecameppulaightaway

2 page 127

3. X 4. Smepepleculdn’tfgueutiEinstein’sinventin

waspacticalnt.5. I’dliketfndutitday’svesinispactical.6. X 7. Idn’tknwitday’svesinwillhavefnancial

successnt.

3 pages 127–128

2. Idn’tcaewhethetheRingPhnetheScteSheswillmakememney.

3. ey’etyingtdecideitheRingPhnetheScte

Sheswillgetfstpize.4. Idn’temembewhethemycusininventedtheRing

PhnetheScteShes.5. I’mtyingtfndutitheRingPhnetheScte

Sheswillgetapatentfst.6. Ican’tfgueutwhethetheRingPhnetheScte

Sheswillbemepactical.

Noun Clauses in Direct

and Indirect Questions

1 page 128

2. Iwaswndeingwhinventedhaithatcmesinacan.3. Canyuexplainhwthepductwks?4. I’dliketknwwhysmenewuldwanttputcled

pwdenhishehead.5. Iwanttfndutianynebuysthispduct.6. Cananynetellmewhethethepducteallylks

likehai?

2 page 129

Answers will vary.


1 pages 129–130

2. c3. b4. a5. a

6. a7. c8. b

2 page 130

It’stimeagaintheInvent’sFai.ankyu

beingajudge.Pleasekeepthesethingsinmindwhenyu

judgethepjects.

• Itdesn’tmattewhatageistheinvent.Anyne

canwin.

• Iyudn’tknwwhatistheinventin,eadthe

desciptin.

• Testtheinventintseeeitheitwksnt.

Asyutesteachinventin,askyuselthesequestins

thelpyupickawinne.

• Cananynefgueuthwtheinventinwks?

• Canyutellwethenttheinventinwuldbeuseul

indailylie?Whmwuldithelp?

• Dyuknwwethetheinventinisuniquent?

Desitaleadyexist?

• Itshuldn’tmatteeithentyulikeit.Judgetheinventinniitisagdideant.Hwuseulisit

tpeple?

• einventseadyucmmentseithethey’egd

bad.Iyudn’tliketheinventin,pleasewiteyu

cmmentsplitely.


1. b2. a3. c

4. a5. c6. b

7. b8. c9. a

10. b11. a12. a

13. c14. b15. a

is

^

is

^

whether

whether

whether

whether

whether




Unit 17 Direct Speech

and Indirect Speech

HumanMotivation

Direct Speech

1 page 132

2. said3. said4. said5. asked

6. said7. said8. asked9. said

2 page 133

2. “Beakastmtivatesmetgetup,”Jingsaid,“andIalwayslkwadtacupcee.”or“Beakastmtivatesmetgetup,”saidJing,“andIalwayslkwadtacupcee.”

3. Danasaid,“Nthingmtivatesmetgetutbed!” 4. “Whatabutyu?”askedKyleor“Whatabutyu?”

Kyleasked.

5. “esunisemtivatesme,”Iansaidor“esunisemtivatesme,”saidIan. 8. Kylesaid,“It’sinteestingthateveyne’sanswewas

dieent.” 9. Jingasked(Kyle),“Whatabutyu?Whatmtivates

yutgetutbed?”10. “eIntenet!”Kylesaidor“eIntenet!”saidKyle.

3 page 134

2. Calsaid,“Execisingduinglunchhelpsmestaymtivatedatwk.”or“Execisingduinglunchhelpsmestaymtivatedatwk,”Calsaid

3. “Mydeadlineskeepmemtivatedatwk,”saidEica. 4. “I’mawaite,”saidJsh,“sI’mmtivatedbytips.”or

“I’mawaite,sI’mmtivatedbytips,”saidJsh. 5. Raaelsaid,“Mymanagemtivatesmetwkhad.”

or“Mymanagemtivatesmetwkhad,”Raaelsaid.

6. “Idn’tneedextenalmtivatin,”saidAlisn,“becauseI’mnatuallymtivated.”or“Idn’tneedextenalmtivatinbecauseI’mnatuallymtivated,”saidAlisn.

7. “Myjbmtivatesmetgetupinthemning,”saidChis.

8. Maxasked,“Isitdiculttfndmtivatinatyu jb?”or“Isitdiculttfndmtivatinatyujb?”Maxasked.

Indirect Speech

1 pages 134–135

2. said(that)thestudentshadleanedabutthe19thcentuy

3. said(that)histywasaninteestingsubject 4. said(that)theteachewastalkingabutinspiing

leadesnTuesday 5. said(that)theclasswasgingtahistymuseum

2 pages 135–136

2. a3. b4. b

5. c6. c

Indirect Speech Without Tense Shift

1 pages 136–137

2. Diegsaid(that)theeaemanywaystemainmtivatedduingdiculttimesatwk.3. Jesaid(that)avidsdistactinbyntcheckinghis

e-mailallday.4. Tngsaid(that)checkinge-mailwastesalttime.5. Biansaid(that)hedesn’tchecke-mailveyten

atwk.6. Adamsaid(that)hebkehiswkdwnintsmall

pats.7. Einsaid(that)calendaseallyhelphestayn

schedule.

2 page 137

Answers will vary.

Other Reporting Verbs

1 page 138

2. cnessed3. tld4. explained

5. swe6. cnvinced

2 page 138

2. tBeatizthatlisteningtmusicis/wasagdwaytstaymtivated.

3. JiAhthatthegymwill/wuldbeclsednSunday

4. tCythatit/hisexeciseplan/theexeciseplan wasn’tgingwellatall5. Amandathattheesultswuldbewthit6. AnnethatJilllst/hadlsttenpundslastmnth7. tClaiethatygawill/wuldhelpwithftness


1 page 139

2. c3. a4. a5. c

6. b7. c8. b

2 page 140

Musiccanbeveymtivatinal.D.OliviaHalstnsaid,

Musiccanmakedicultjbsseemeasie.Sheexplained

usthatmusicaectsthebain.Shesaidthatshehave

discveedthatmusicmakesthebainhappy.Wewanted

tknwhwmusicmtivatesueades,swedidan

nlinesuveytaskabuttheimusichabitsvea

^ ^

to

^

had ” ”




ne-mnthpeid.Manyeadessaidthattheylistent

musicmtivatinwhentheyexecisedduingthattime.

Fexample,Lien,a22-yea-ldnuse,said,Ilistent

musicnmyheadphneswhenIexecise.Sheeptedus

thatitmadehewkutgaste.Otheeadesadmitted

usthattheylistenedtmusicwhentheydidhusewk.

Jack,astudent,saidthatnextSatudayhewillpbably

playmusicbytheRllingStneswhenhecleanedthe

huse.“Itwn’tmakecleaningun,”hesaid,butitwill

makeitbette.


1. c2. c3. a

4. b5. b6. a

7. b8. a9. a

10. c11. b12. a

13. c14. c15. b

Unit 18 Indirect Questions; Indirect

Imperatives, Requests, and Advice

CreativeProblemSolving

Indirect Questions

1 pages 142–143

2. T3. F;Mataaskeditheyculdstatsellingtheipducts

nline.

4. F;Binaskedwhentheywuldbeabletstatsellingitemsnline.5. T6. T7. F;Ms.Otegaaskedwhculdceateapagethem.8. T9. F;Ms.OtegaaskedBinihehadEd’scntact

inmatin.

2 pages 143–144

2. JackaskedFenishewasunhappyatwk.3. Fenaskedhimishehadtwkuntil6:00p.m.4. JackaskedFenishehadapblemwithhewk

schedule.5. FenaskedJackisheculdleaveealytpickup

hechilden.6. JackaskedFenishehadapblemwithhebabysitte.7. FenaskedJackishewuldbeallwedtwkm

hmetmw.

3 page 144

3. JillaskedDanihehadeptedthepblemyet4. DanaskedJillwheeheculdeptthepblem5. JillaskedihehadtalkedttheITdepatment6. enJillaskedihewantedhetgwithhim

7. heaskedJillwhthemanagethedepatmentwas 8. JillaskediheknewAnde 9. askedishewantedtgetsmelunch

Indirect Imperatives, Requests,

and Advice

1 page 145

2. saidtlistentmusic 3. saidtbainstmideas 4. saidnttwatchTV 5. saidteadasmuchaspssible 6. saidnttsitatadeskallday 7. saidtmeditate20minuteseveyday 8. saidtexeciseatleastutimeseveyweek 9. saidttalktiendsandclleagues

2 page 146

2. D.Tayltldhimnttdinksdaceeate11:00a.m.

3. D.Tayltldthemtwitedwntheipblems

beediscussingthem. 4. D.Tayltldhimtstpusinghisphne. 5. D.Tayltldusnttwyabutsmallpblems. 6. D.Taylaskedtmeetnusdayinstead. 7. D.Tayltldthemnttignepblemswhen

theyccued. 8. D.Taylaskedhetlknlinejb

pptunities. 9. D.TaylaskedNayungttalkthiseceptinist

abuthisbills.10. D.Tayltldthemtleantmanagethei

timebette.


1 page 147

2. c3. c4. a5. b

6. c7. b8. a

2 page 148

Aeyuaceativepesn?D.LydiaGacia,acunsel

whhelpspeplefndjbs,saysthatwegatethejb

yudeams.Heeaesmegeatjbsceativepeple.

InteriorDesigner: WeaskedinteidesigneJulie

Newtndidshethinkhejbwas

ceative.Shetldthatitwas.She

explainedthatinteidesignesneed

tbeceativewithcls,pattens,

andlight.

listened

^

^ to

^

^

to

would

^

^

to go

i thought

us

^

”

”

”

”




Photographer: Phtgaphesneedthavea

ceativeeye.Weaskedphtgaphe

CyDavisculdhetellusthe

mstimptanttipbeingagd

phtgaphe.Hesaidthatwebe

uniqueandnttdwhateveyne

elsedes.

Teacher: Teacheshavetthinkceative

waysthelpstudentslean.Teache

DebbieMganhas25students.She

saysthatshe’salwaysthinkingnew

waysthelphestudentslean.She

tellstdtheibest,andshehelps

themdit.

Chef: Gdchesaeceativeches.Peple

likeavaietydieentkinds

ds.WeaskedCheAsamiTanaka

didshethinkitwasimptanttbe

ceativeinthekitchen.Shetldthatit

was.Sheexplainedthatpeplewant

dthattastesgd,buttheyals

wantittlknice.

Aeanythesejbsyu?Whateveyud,llwD.Gacia’sadvice.Shesaidthatyufndajbthat’sight

yu.


1. b2. c3. c

4. c5. a6. c

7. b8. b9. b

10. c11. a12. a

13. b14. c15. b

Unit 19 The Passive (1)

EnglishasaGlobalLanguage

Active vs. Passive Sentences

1 page 150

2. A 3. P4. A 5. P

6. P7. A 8. P

2 pages 150–151

2. Englishisusedataiptsandtainstatins. 3. CmmandsinEnglishaetypedncmputes.or

CmmandsaetypedinEnglishncmputes. 4. E-mailsaebeingwitteninEnglish.orE-mailsin

Englishaebeingwitten. 5. AnnuncementsaemadeinEnglishatintenatinal

events.orAnnuncementsinEnglishaemadeatintenatinalevents.

6. Englishsngsaeheadinmanyplaces. 7. HwisEnglishusedinyucunty? 8. AebusinessmeetingsbeingcnductedinEnglish? 9. AestudentsaskedteadEnglish-languagebks?

3 page 151

2. hasbeencalled 3. haven’t/haventbeentanslated 4. havebeentaken 5. havebeenleaned 6. hasbeenbught

4 pages 151–152

2. wasntbeingused 3. weestated 4. hasbeenspead 5. isalsbeingtaught 6. havebeenmade 7. isused 8. aebeingcnducted 9. aebeingwitten

5 page 152

2. bytheDukeAthll 3. bytheDuke 4. bymeandmepeple 5. byewethan200inhabitants 6. bythepeple 7. bythegvenment 8. byteaches 9. byve1,500peple10. bypeple

Verbs and Objects with the Passive

1 pages 152–153

2. I 3. T;eLatinalphabetisused(bymanypeple)aund

thewld.

4. I 5. T;Awitingsystembasednealiealphabetswasceated(bytheRmans).

6. I 7. I 8. I 9. T;LettesnancientRmanmnumentsaeeasily

ecgnizedbymanytuiststItaly.

i he

^

to

her students / them

^

i thought

us

^

to




2 page 153

2. IO;eaudiencewastldthehistyEnglishsincethefthcentuy(bythenaat).

3. DO;Exampleschangesinthelanguagevethecentuiesweeeedttheaudiencebythenaat.orExampleschangesinthelanguagevethecentuiesweeeedbythenaatttheaudience.orExampleschangesinthelanguagevethecentuiesweeeedttheaudience.

4. IO;ViewesweeshwnsmethevaietiesspkenEnglish(bythemviemakes).

5. IO;emviemakesweegivensamplesspeechbyEnglishspeakesmdieentplaces.

6. DO;edieencesbetweenBitishEnglishand AmeicanEnglishweeshwn(bythenaat).

Reasons for Using the Passive

1 page 154

2. weeincluded3. weeasked

4. weeexamined5. weecmpaed6. weepublished

2 pages 154–155

2. havebeenpesented3. wascnducted4. weepublished5. aespken

6. wasmade7. wasepted8. isbeingstudied


1 pages 155–156

2. c3. a4. b5. b

6. b7. a8. b

2 page 156

Englishisuseinmanycuntiesaundthewld.

Itissmetimesadicultlanguagetlean.

Pnunciatinknwntbedicultsmepeple.

Fexample,the j asitispnuncinginEnglishwds

(like June)canbedicultSpanishspeakes.atis

becausethesamesunddesntccuinSpanish.

VwelsaealsdicultmstleanesEnglish.

ManyvwelsundsaefndinginEnglish.Ameicans

aeusedabutfteenvwelsunds.Als,thevwel

sundspnuncedabitdieentlyindieentplacesin

theEnglish-speakingwld.Leaneshavebeenund

waystimpvetheipnunciatininEnglishalng

time.Manypnunciatinclassesaeeingatschls.

Peplealslistentnativespeakestimpve.What

pnunciatintipsyuweetaught?Whichnesaeyu

using?


1. c2. a3. a

4. c5. a6. a

7. b8. b9. b

10. c11. c12. c

13. b14. c15. b

Unit 20 The Passive (2)

FoodSafety

The Passive with Be Going To and Modals

1 pages 158–159 2. WillpubliccncensabutGMdsaetybe

educed?;’ll/willbeeduced;wn’t/willntbeeduced 3. WillmeandmeGMdsbepuchased(by

cnsumes)?;willbebught(bycnsumes);wn’t/willntbebught(bycnsumes)

4. WillthesaetyGMdsbecnfmed(byeseach)?;’ll/willbecnfmed(byeseach);wn’t/

willntbecnfmed(byeseach) 5. WillGMdsbeegulatedmestictlybyme

cunties?;wn’t/willntbeegulatedmestictlybymecunties;’ll/willbeegulatedmestictlybymecunties

2 page 159

2. is;gingtbetalked 3. hasbeendne 4. havebeenused 5. aegingtbehamed 6. aegingtbegivenorhavebeengiven 7. isgingtbedne 8. havebeengwn 9. haven’t/haventbeentested10. havebeenmade11. aegingtbeseen

3 page 160

2. maybemdifed 3. mightbesld 4. culdbekept 5. mayntbeknwn 6. culdbedamaged 7. mustbetested 8. mightbecaused

4 page 160

Answers will vary.

used

is

^ pronounced

ound

use

are

^ have been inding / have ound

oered

were

^




Get Passives

1 page 161

2. getscntaminated3. desn’t/desntgetcked4. dn’t/dntgetwashed5. getsdpped6. getsput

2 page 161

2. ezenptatesaegettingecalledbecausetheygtlabeledincectly.

3. efshisn’t/isntgettingecalledbecauseitdidn’t/didntgetcntaminated.

4. echclatemilkisgettingecalledbecauseitdidn’t/didntgetpcessedcectly.

5. ehtdgsaen’t/aentgettingecalledbecausetheydidn’t/didntgetdamagedbybacteia.

6. euitdinksaegettingecalledbecausetheydidn’t/didntgetpackagedcectly.

3 page 162

Interviewer: Lastweek,1,000casescheesemadeby

ChedCheese,Inc.weeecalled.Tday,the

wneChedCheese,M.JhnHais,is

heettalkwithusabutthepblem.

Hell,M.Hais,andthankyucming.

Mr.Harris: Yu’ewelcme.ankyuhavingme.

Interviewer: S,tellusabutthepblem.

Mr.Harris: Well,sevealpeplebecamesickateeating

ucheese,sallucheesepducts

weetestedbytheFDA.

Interviewer: Isee.AndwhatdidtheFDAfnd?

Mr.Harris: eyundthatneucheeseshadbeen

cntaminated.

Interviewer: S,whathappened?

Mr.Harris: atcheesewasecalledbytheFDA.O

cuse,atChedCheese,weaecncened

abutpublicsaety.Ipesnallymadean

annuncementabuttheecall.

Interviewer: Dyuknwhwthecheesewas

cntaminated?

Mr.Harris: Yes,Id.Untunately,sevealmy

emplyeesdidntllwusaety

pcedues.

Interviewer: Andwhathappenedtthseemplyees?

Weetheyfed?

Mr.Harris: Yes,Ifedthem.AtChedCheese,wetake

saetyseiusly.

Interviewer: Yucmpanywasshutdwn,ight?

Mr.Harris: Yes,butitwasn’tshutdwnbythegvenment.Idecidedtclsethe

actyanddathughcleaning

uequipment.We’egingtepenn

Mnday,andIwantcnsumestknwit

willbesaetbuyucheeseagain.

Interviewer: ankyuyutime,M.Hais.

Passive Gerunds and Infinitives

1 page 163

2. beinginmedortbeinmed3. tbepesuaded4. beinghamed5. tbeimpved6. beingmisinmed7. tbemisled

2 pages 163–164

2. tbe3. being 4. tbe

5. being 6. tbe

3 page 1642. Iwant; Answers will vary.3. Ihpe; Answers will vary.4. I’maaid; Answers will vary.5. I’minteestedin; Answers will vary.6. I’mntlikely; Answers will vary.


1 pages 164–165

2. b3. b4. a

5. c

6. b7. c8. a

2 page 165

Aames’maketwillmallybeappvebythe

cmmunitybadatitsnextmeeting.Fames’pducts

willbesellatamaketdwntwneveyweekend.e

maketwillbeinspectbythehealthbadbeeitpens

inMay.ehealthbadneedstgivefnalappval.

got

got

gotten

got

got

Did get

^

got

didn’t get

approved

sold

inspected




Awidevaietyeshlygwnpductswillbedisplay

cnsumestchse,includinguits,vegetables,

andwes.Inadditin,pductssuchashneymight

beincludenthelistitemsavailable.GMdswn’t

sellatthemaket,hweve.Ckingdemnstatinsmay

schedulesmeweekends.Meinmatincanfnd

nthecity’swebsite.ismaketwillbeenjybyamilies

thughutthecmmunity.


1. a2. b3. b

4. b5. a6. c

7. c8. a9. a

10. b11. b12. b

13. b14. c15. c

Unit 21 Subject Relative Clauses

(Adjective Clauses withSubject Relative Pronouns)

AlternativeEnergySources

Identifying Subject Relative Clauses

1 page 168

HelenandDavidMitchellaepeplewhliveinMichigan.MichiganisaU.S.statethathasveycld

wintes.Inthewinte,theMitchellshadheatingbillswhich weeve$600amnth.eydidalteseachtseehwtheyculdsavemneyntheiheatingbill.Getime

isacmpanythatinstallsatypegethemalenegysystem.Itisasystemwhichisputundegund.Itusesheatmthegundtheatthehme.M.ReynldsisamanwhwksGetime.HecamettheMitchells’husetexplainthesystem,andtheydecidedthaveitinstalled.Ithasbeenveysuccessul.InJanuay,theMitchellshadaheatingbillthatwasnly$115!

2 page 168

2. thathelps3. whlive4. whichis5. thatuns

6. thatinstall7. whichcllects8. whichsaves

3 page 169

2. CleanPweCampaignwasstatedbypeplewh wantedtmakeadieence.

3. CleanPweCampaignemplyeestalktcmpanies whichusealtdityuels.

4. EmplyeeswhwkCleanPweCampaignencuagethsecmpaniestuseenewableenegy.

5. eganizatincntactsgvenmentagencieswhichmakedecisinsabutenegyuse.

6. CleaPweCampaignspeaksttheagenciesnbehalcitizenswhaecncenedabutcleanenegy.

4 page 169

2. wh/thatsupptenvinmentalganizatins pliticalpaties

3. which/thatsellspductssevicesthatdnthamtheenvinment

4. wh/thatwksageenbusinessanenvinmentalganizatin

5. which/thatdesnthamtheenvinmentwhen pducedcnsumed

6. which/thattapthesun’sheatandcauseaiseintempeatue

Nonidentifying Subject Relative Clauses

1 page 170

2. Enegycstscanbeeducedbygeens,whichkeepheatutinthesummeandkeepheatinduingthe

winte.3. Pepleputgadens,whichcanincludeteesand

wes,nthetpsbuildings.4. Teesandlageplantsaegwninnetype

gaden,whichisalscalledanintensivegaden.5. Intensivegadens,whichneedathicklayesil,canseemlikepaksinthesky.

6. Anthekindgaden,whichiscalledanextensivegaden,haslw-gwingplantsinthinsil.

7. Mycusin,whisapesseseachinggeens,gwscatsandpeppesinhisextensivegaden.

2 pages 170–171

2. Ivan’sca,whichisahybid,getsgdgasmileage.3. Ouuncle,whisanelecticalenginee,hasan

electicca.4. eNRGwhich/thatislcatednMainSteetsellsnly

ec-iendlypducts.5. Getime,whichhas30emplyees,installsgethemal

systems.6. Paulina’scewhich/thatisdwntwnusessla

enegy.

Subject Relative Clauses with Whose

1 page 171

Weneedtsupptleadeswhsemaingalis(1)

tuse

enewableenegysuces.AlexNelsn,whsepaents

wn(2)

ageencmpany,isunningmay.Hewks

asalawyeatCawd&Hu.PatCawd,whstated

thelawfmandwhsepacticeis(3)

wellknwn,helps

pesevegeenspaces.Nelsn’sexpeiencemakeshima

geatcandidate.RitaLevins,whsevlunteeactivitiesin

thecmmunity ae(4)

numeus,isalsunningmay.

displayed

included

be sold

be scheduled be ound

enjoyed




Levins,whseathe haswked(5)

inacalmine,suppts

usingcalasanenegysuce.Shehassevednthetwn

cuncil.Levinsmaybeaqualifedplitician,but

shedesntsupptenewableenegy.JennieChen,

whsecampaignpmises include(6)

supptenewable

enegy,isthethidcandidatemay.Chen,whse

paents wn(7)

agadeningbusiness,hasexpeiencewith

geenissues.Hweve,Chen’smainissueissuppt

educatin,whseunding hasbeencut(8)

.Inmy

pinin,yushuldvteAlexNelsn,whse

expeiencemakes(9)

himthebestpesnthejb.

2 page 172

2. I;eSanchezesaetheamilywhsedeamisthave

anenegy-eicienthuse.3. I;eSanchezamilyaeiendswithsmenewhse

cmpanydesignsenegy-eicienthmes.4. NI;GliaRamiez,whsecmpanyisaamilybusiness,

willdesigntheihme.5. NI;Glia,whsechildenallwkinthebusiness,has

twdaughtesandasn.6. I;Glia’sdaughtewhsespecialtyisec-iendlyhme

designwilldesigntheinteis.7. NI,Glia’ssn,whsespecialtyisgethemalenegy ,

willinstalltheheatingsystem.8. NI;eseelativesmine,whsehmeisbeingbuilt

thisyea,aepleasedwiththeplans.

3 A page 172

2. a3. 4. e

5. b6. c

B page 172

2. LauaAkpemisanachitectwhsedesignageenwnanawad.

3. MacsAvilezisanactwhselatestmvieisabuta wldwideenegycisis.

4. Ec-CaisacacmpanywhsehybidcasaesmethecleanestvehiclessldintheUnitedStates.

5. JamesPetesisapliticianwhsedecisinsledt

cleaneenegythecity.6. GdGeenHmeGupisaemdelingcmpany

whsewindwsaeveyenegy-ecient.

4 page 173

2. wh3. wh4. whse

5. wh6. wh7. whse


1 pages 173–174

2. c3. b4. a5. b

6. a7. c8. c

2 page 174

eeaemanythingsyucandthaveahmewh

helpstheenvinment.Installaslapanelsystem,which

itheatsyuhmewithenegymthesun.Yuculd

alsgetagethemalsystem,whheatsyuhmewith

enegymthegund.Agethemalsystem,whichit

canbeexpensiveatfst,savesmneyvetime.istype

system,whheatsyuhmecheaply,canalscl

yuhme.Yucanfndmanypeplenlinewhichsell

slapanelsandgethemalsystems.Yuculdalsput

ageennyuhme.e,whhelpstheatthe

hme,canalsbeusedagaden.Geens,which

needtbeat,wkbestnnewhmes.Findanachitect

wh’scmpanyspecializesingeenstbuildyu

hme.eeaemanyptinshavingahmethatit

desn’tpllutetheenvinmentandsavesyumneyn

heatingbills.


1. c2. c3. b

4. b5. a6. c

7. a8. a9. b

10. c11. c12. a

13. b14. c15. c

Unit 22 Object Relative Clauses

(Adjective Clauses with

Object Relative Clauses)

Biometrics

Indentifying Object Relative Clauses

1 page 176

FensicFilesisappulaTVshw.Itshwscimesthatexpetsslvewithensicscience.Eachepisdeisabutadieentcimewhichsmenehascmmitted.Inmanyepisdes,investigatsuseDNAthatciminalshaveletatthecimescenethelpthemslvethecase.Becauseeachpesn’sDNAisunique,theDNAthattheinvestigatscllectistenimptantevidence.Once

which or that

which

which

who / or that

which

whose




investigatsfndasuspect,theycanmatchthesuspect’sDNAttheDNAthattheyhaveundatthescene.eDNAcanshwiasuspectwaspesentatacimescene.Hweve,DNAisntthenlyensicevidencethattheseinvestigatsusetslvethecimes.eyalsusefngepints,tpints,andevenclthingfbesthattheyindatthescene.Investigatsntheshwusuallyuseensicstcatchciminals,butntalways.Smethesuspectswhtheyinvestigateaeinncent.Fensicevidence,likeDNA,canhelpshwthat,t.

2 page 176

Fensicscanbeusedtslvecasesthatplicecnside“cld.”Cldcasesaeinvestigatins thatplicehaventbeenabletslve–smetimesve20yeas. Newtechnlgythatinvestigatsdidn’thaveinthe

pastisavailabletday,scimes whichpeplecmmittedmanyyeasagcaneventuallybeslved.Innecase,

plicecllectedevidencemacimethatsmenecmmitted30yeasag.epliceundsmehaiatthecimescene,buttheinvestigatsculdn’tpve whosehaiitwas.ityyeaslate,theDNAinthehai which

theplicehadundwastested.ehaimatchednethesuspect’sDNA,andhewasaestedthecimethathehadcmmittedyeasbee. Cldcaseinvestigatshaveanimptantjb.Peple whoseamilymembesciminalshavehutmayeelsatisfedwhenapesnisaestedevenatemanyyeas.

3 page 177

2. teiblecimeswhich/that/Øpepleaundthewldhavecmmittedaeshwn

3. DayleHinmanisaninvestigatwh/whm/that/Ø viewesseeslvecimeswithensics

4. ensicinvestigatsanalyzedatawhich/that/Øthe

plicefndatthecimescene5. twunusualcimeswhich/that/Øinvestigatsslve withensicsaeshwneachweek

6. amedicalexaminestudiesvictimsevidence which/that/Øsheusestslvecimes

Nonidentifying Object Relative Clauses

1 page 178

2. Lenadbecameinteestedinlinguistics,whichhenwteachesataunivesity.

3. Heenjysteachingensiclinguistics,whichhedescibesasthenewesttlininvestigatins.

4. Lenadthinksthatlanguage,whicheachpesnusesinauniqueway,islikeafngepint.5. Lenad,wh/whmplicesmetimesaskhelp,can

tenidentiypeplebyhwtheywite.6. Lenad,wh/whm Forensic Files nceinteviewed,

hashelpedthepliceslvemanycimes.

2 pages 178–179

2. efstShelckHlmesmystey,whichpeplelikedimmediately,was A Study in Scarlet .orefstShelckHlmesmysteywas A Study in Scarlet ,which

peplelikedimmediately.

3. Hlmes’smstamusdetectivecases,whichheslved withtheuselgic,invlvedensicevidence.

4. D.Watsn,wh/whmDyleusesasthenaatmstthesties,wasHlmes’siendandassistant.

5. In2009,RbetDwney,J.playedthedetectiveinthemvieSherlock Holmes ,whichmillinspepleaundthewldsaw.

Object Relative Clauses as Objectsof Prepositions

1 A–B pages 179–180

2. which/that

3. which

4. which

5. wh/whm/that

6. which/that

7. wh/whm/that

8. which

2 page 180

emvieConviction,inwhichHilaySwankstas,waseleasedin2010.BettyAnneWatesistheeal-liewmannwhmthemvieisbased.BettyAnnefghtstpvehebtheisinncentamudewhichhewascnvicted.Sheenteslawschl,mwhichshegaduatesate

yeasstudy.Sheisdeteminedtpvehebtheisinncentthecimewhichthessayheisguilty.


1 page 181

2. a3. c4. c5. a

6. b7. c8. c

2 page 182

Fensicscience,whmanyinvestigatsusetslve

cimestday,isntanewscience.FtunatusFidelis,

whichpeplecalltheundeensicmedicine,aleadypacticedthistypemedicineinthe1590s.

Fensicmedicine,whatusesmedicalevidencetslve

cimes,haschangedvetheyeas.Heeaesmehistic

develpments:

1. Fingepints,whichciminalsleavethematcime

scenes,becameawaytidentiypepleinthelate

1800s.Hweve,cmputesystemswhatpliceuset

✗

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

which

who/whom

which

which/that/Ø




scan,ste,andcmpaefngepintsween’tceated

untilthelasthalthetwentiethcentuy.

2. In1901,KalLandsteinediscveedthatpeplehave

dieentbldtypes.Atethat,investigatsculduse

bldsamplesthattheyundthematcimescenest

eliminatesuspects.

3. Inthe1980s,RayWhiteidentifedimptanteatues

DNA,whinvestigatsnwcllectmalmstevey

mden-daycimescene.In1987,DNAwasfstusedt

pvethataman,whplicethughthadcmmitteda

cime,wasguilty.

Technlgyinensicscienceisalwaysbeing

develped,andtheewillbeevenmeways,thatplice

cancatchciminalsintheutue.


1. b2. c3. a

4. b5. b6. a

7. a8. c9. b

10. a11. c12. c

13. b14. b15. c

Unit 23 Relative Clauses with Where

and When; Reduced Relative Clauses

Millennials

Relative Clauses with Where and When

1 page 184

2. when3. when4. whee

5. whee6. when

2 page 184

2. isaplacewheeGenXeshaveintducedmanynewideas

3. isawebsitewheemanyGenXesshp4. aelcatinswheeGenXesliketgnadventue

vacatins

5. aeplaceswheeGenXeswanttwk

3 page 185

2. wheemanyyungpeplecmmunicate.3. whenIntenetusespeadapidly.4. inwhichmsthmeshaveIntenetcnnectins.5. inwhichmstIntenetapplicatinsstattsell.

Reduced Relative Clauses

1 page 185

2. BabyBmesaeptimisticpeple.Mstthemae pepleinthei50sand60s.

3. GenXesaepeplebninthe1960sand1970s.Gen Xesaeexiblepeple.

4. Millennialsaepeplelkingchallenges.eyae

educatedpeple.2 page 186

2. Hissn,atw-yea-ld,isaGenZe.3. TimisdingeseachnChina’sGeneatinY,the

Chinesepst-1980sgeneatin.4. TimundutabutGeneatinYmMichaelStanat,

theauthChina’s Generation Y: Understanding the Future Leaders of the World’s Next Superpower .

5. AccdingtStanat,China’sGeneatinY,anentepeneuialandtech-savvygup,iscmpsedappximately200millinindividuals.

3 pages 186–187

2. eganizesthinkthatmstthepepleattendingthecneenceaeMillennials.

3. eeisamanwitingnametagsattheinmatintable.

4. ewatentheinmatintableistheattendees.5. eeisawmanpassingutthebttleswatebythe

inmatintable.6. ewmanspeakingfstatthecneenceisaleady

nthestage.


1 pages 187–188

2. b3. c4. b5. a

6. a7. b8. c

2 page 188

Ageneatingapisadieenceinvaluesandattitudes

betweentwgeneatins.Scilgists,aepeple

whstudysciety,tenexaminegeneatingaps.e

UnitedStatesisacuntywheehaveundgapsamng

geneatins.

e1960swasadecadeinwhentheewasabig

geneatingapbetweenTaditinalistsandBabyBmes.

Taditinalists,weethepaentstheBabyBmes,

weecnsevative.eichilden,weetheBabyBmes,

wantedtexpesstheipesnaleedm.Itwasapeid

inwhentheyungegeneatinptestedagainstsciety

andgvenment.Bigcitiesweeplaceswheeten

which

sociologists/they

^

the younger generation / people / th

^




gatheedtptest,smetimesthughmusic.JanBaez,

wasalksinge,sangptestsngs.ManyTaditinalists

didntlike,evenundestand,themusictheichilden

weelisteningt.


1. c2. a3. a

4. b5. c6. a

7. c8. a9. b

10. a11. a12. c

13. b14. a15. c

Unit 24 Real Conditionals:

Present and Future

MediaintheUnitedStates

Present Real Conditionals

1 page 190 2. yuae;yushw 3. phtis;ittells 4. Yuneed;yuwant 5. smeneplans;theeae 6. yulk;yuneed 7. apesndesn’t/desntneed;heshehas 8. peplety;theywant 9. yuae;yuhave

2 page 191

2. Ianaveagepesnsubmitsanewssty,anewsganizatincnsidesit.;Anewsganizatincnsidesthestyianaveagepesnsubmitsit.

3. Ithestyisinteesting,anewsganizatintenusesit.;Anewsganizatintenusesthestyiit’s/itisinteesting.

4. Ithenewsganizatinisgd,itcheckstheacts.;enewsganizatincheckstheactsiit’s/itisgd.

5. Ithestiesaen’t/aentbjective,agdnewsganizatindesn’t/desntusethem.;Agdnewsganizatindesn’t/desntusethestiesithey’ent/theyaen’t/theyaentbjective.

3 pages 191–192

2. whatdyud 3. whatnewssucesdyuuse

4. yuwantnewsnsmethingspecifc 5. whathappens 6. yuwanttfndutmeabutasty 7. Whataeyuavitenewssuces 8. yuwanttgetmeinmatin 9. myiendspstinteestingnewssties10. Itenllwup11. yuaehmeatewk 12. dyuwatchthenewsnTV

4 page 192

Answers will vary.

Future Real Conditionals

1 A pages 192–193

2. wait4. wn’t/willntget5. dn’t/dntg6. willbe7. ains

8. will;d 9. is10. ’ll/willputup11. miss12. ’ll/willwatch

B page 193

2. eveni 3. eveni 4. Unless5. Eveni

2 pages 193–194

Answers will vary.

Real Conditionals with Modals,

Modal-like Expressions, and Imperatives

1 page 1942. must3. shuldn’t4. culd5. havet

6. shuld7. might8. can’t

2 pages 194–195

2. Iyuwiteaeview,itculdhelpthepeple.3. Wecan’tpublishyueviewiyudn’tinclude

yuname.4. Whenyuwiteaeviewus,ithastbeewe

than100wdslng.5. Yueviewshuldincludepsitiveandnegative

eedbackiyuaentbiased.

6. Whenyuwiteaeview,llwtheseules.

3 pages 195–196

Answers will vary.


1 page 197

2. a3. b4. c5. b

6. a7. a8. c

2 page 198

Onewaytgetnewsistgetitnyucellphne.I

pepleaenthegtheyliketeadthenewswheeve

theyae.ItheyhavesmatphneswithIntenetsevice

theycanusuallyeadnewsanywhee.Newscmpaniesae

tyingtmakeiteveneasietgetnewsnphnes.Ithey

willmakenewseveneasieteadnasmallsceen,me

peplewilleadit.

, ^

, ^




Cmpaniescnsidesevealquestinswhenthey

develpstiescellphnes.Fexample,iastyis

lng,peplewilleadit?Ipeplenlywillwanttead

stiesncetaintpics,hwpeplecangetthese

stieseasily?

Iyuwilleadlistentthenewsnyuphne,

theeculdbesmepblems.Fexample,imagineyu

aeutsideduingyulunchbeaktmw,andyu

wanttcatchupnthenews.Whentheweatheisbad

tmw,yupbablywn’tgetgdcellphnesevice.

Yudefnitelywn’tuseyuphneutsidewhenitainsa

lttmw.Ocuse,yuwuldn’teadanewspapein

theain,eithe!


1. b2. c3. a

4. a5. b6. a

7. c8. b9. a

10. c11. b12. b

13. c14. b15. a

Unit 25 Unreal Conditionals:

Present, Future, and Past

NaturalDisasters

Present and Future Unreal Conditionals

1 page 200

3. had 4. wuldstay 5. gt 6. wuldclse 7. didn’t/didnthave 8. mightcatchup 9. clsed10. mightntfnish11. wuldn’t/wuldntdive12. wee/was

2 pages 200–201

2. Itheestfecameneatwn,esidentswuldleavetheihmes.orResidentswuldleavetheihmesitheestfescameneatwn.

3. Itheewee/wasatnad,peplewuldgttheibasements.orPeplewuldgttheibasementsitheewee/wasatnad.

4. Iitainedalt,steetsculdd.orSteetsculddiitainedalt.

5. Itheewee/wasahuicane,husesnthebeach wuldbeindange.orHusesnthebeachwuldbeindangeitheewee/wasahuicane.

6. Iwehadaheatwave,manyplantsculddie.orMany plantsculddieiwehadaheatwave.

3 page 201

Possible answers: 2. Iitdidn’tsnwsequently,Iwuldn’thavetcancel

schl.3. Ididn’tmissalagenumbedays,wewuldn’thave

tmakethemupattheendtheyea.4. Isaetyween’tapiity,Iculdkeepschlspen

duingbadweathe.5. Ithecityhadgdsnwemvalequipment,we

wuldn’taltcanceledschldays.6. Ithecityaisedtaxes,weculdbuynewequipment.

4 page 202

Answers will vary.

Past Unreal Conditionals

1 page 203

2. a.Yes b.N3. a.N b.Yes4. a.Yes b.N5. a.Yes b.N

2 page 203

Possible answers:

2. Flightswuldhavecntinuedithesmkeandashhadn’tbeensthickintheai.

3. Flightswuldn’thavestppedithepiltshadbeenabletsee.

4. Manytuistswuldhavewnhmeitheaiptshadn’tclsed.

5. ecatastphewuldn’thaveaectedsmanycuntiesinEupeithewindhadn’tbeensstng.

3 page 204

2. hadslwed;culd/might/wuldhavestayed3. wuldn’t/wuldnt/mightnthavegtten;

hadclsed

4. hadseen;wuldn’t/mightnthavestepped5. culd/might/wuldhavegne;hademembeed

4 page 205

Answers will vary.

will

^ can

^

I

I




Wishes About the Present, Future,

and Past

1 pages 205–206

2. hadbeen3. ween’t/weentainingorwasn’t/wasntaining 4. hadn’t/hadntmade5. culdeschedule

6. wee/was7. wuldpmte8. culdask 9. culdtalk

2 page 206

Possible answers: 2. IwishthatIhadn’tletmyumbellaathme.3. IwishthatIculdgutsideandplayscceightnw.4. Iwishthattheainwuldstp.5. Iwishthatitdidn’taineveyweekhee.6. Iwishthatmyainbtsdidn’thavehlesinthem.7. IwishthatIculdgtthepaktday.

8. Iwishitweewintenw.


1 page 207

2. b3. a4. b5. a

6. c7. a8. c

2 page 208

Iitisn’tatagicevent,nnewuldknw

abutJeSimpsn.In1985,JeSimpsnandSimn YatesweeclimbingamuntainintheAndes.Iablizzad

didn’thappen,thetipmighthaveendedwithutany

pblems.etwclimbesgttthetpthemuntain,

buttheyhadpblemsnthewaydwn.Iithadn’tbeen

icy,Jewuldn’thaveslipped.Hweve,itwasicy,andJe

slippedandbkehisleg.Heculdhaveclimbeddwnthe

muntainihadn’tgttentheinjuy.BecauseJeculdn’t

walk,SimnlweedJedwnthemuntainnape.

Whentheyweealmstbacktthecamp,Jeslipped

again.Hewasdanglingnthepevetheedgethe

muntain.Heculdhaveclimbedupthepeihadhad

thestength.Itheweathedidn’tdamageSimn’shands,

hemighthavebeenabletpullJeup.Simnheldnt

thepesevealhus,buthefnallyhadtcutthe

pe.HethughtJehaddied,butJewasntdead.He

hadallenmethan100eet,butevenwithhishutleg,he

hadmanagedtclimbtsaetyandgetbacktthecamp.

In1988,JeSimpsnwteabk,calledTuching

theVid,abuttheexpeience.Ithebkwasn’tahuge

success,themvieabuttheclimbmightnthavebeen

made.IwishthatIdidntseethemviebeeIeadthe

bk.IalswishIwenttthemviewithaiend.Itwas

ightening!Ocuse,itwasinspiing,t.IIamyu,

Iwuldentthemvietday!


1. c2. b

3. a

4. c5. b

6. c

7. b8. b

9. a

10. c11. a

12. b

13. c14. c

15. a

Unit 26 Conjunctions

GlobalizationofFood

Connecting Words and Phrases

with Conjunctions

1 A page 210

2. 3. and4. 5. and

6. 7. and8.

B page 211

2. but/and3. but/and4. and5.

6. but7. but8. 9. but

2 page 211

2. n;is3. ;is4. butals;adds

5. n;sunds6. and;ae

3 page 212

2. Attheestauants,yucanhaveeithesavycêpessweetcêpes.orAttheestauants,yucanhaveeithesavysweetcêpes.

3. ecêpesaentnlyinexpensivebutalslage.4. Bththechclate(cêpes)andthestawbeycêpes

aedelicius.5. NeitheceenteaiseeatLaCêpeie.

wasn’t

hadn’t/had not happened

he

^

he

^ hadn’t/had not damaged

hadn’t/had not been

hadn’t/had not seen

had gone

were/was




Connecting Sentences

with Coordinating Conjunctions

1 pages 212–213

2. and3. but4. s5. but

6. but7. and8. but9. s

2 page 213

2. but3. s4. yet

5. 6. yet

3 page 213

2. Mexicandisppulaandenjyedbypepleinmanycunties.

3. aidcanbeundinmanyplacesandisusuallysimilatthedinailand.

4. IndianestauantsaecmmninEnglandandundinmanythecunties.

5. YushuldtyFenchdinFanceandhaveitinCanada.

Reducing Sentences with Similar Clauses

1 page 214

2. is;t3. haven’t;eithe4. s;was5. wee;,t6. ween’t

7. wee 8. neithe;des/d 9. wn’t;eithe10. s;ae

2 page 215

2. Sisthelamb.;elambis,t.3. Neitheisthechicken.;echickenisn’t,eithe.4. Sisthesteak.;esteakis,t.5. Swasthesteak.;esteakwas,t.6. Neithewasthefsh.;efshwasn’t,eithe.7. Neithewasthelamb.;elambwasn’t,eithe.8. Swasthechicken.;echickenwas,t.

3 pages 215–216

Answers will vary.


1 pages 216–2172. c3. b4. a5. c

6. b7. a8. c

2 page 217

PlaceslikeFlidaandCaliniacangwuit

yea-und,butplaceslikeNewYkandMinnesta

canntbecausetheclimateistcld.Fexample,

angesdntgwincldclimates,andlemnsdnt,

t.Hweve,eitheangesandlemnscanbeundin

supemaketsallyeaund.Wheedtheycmem?

Mstsupemaketsinplaceswithcldwintesimptd

mtheplaces.OangesaegwninCalinia,andae

shippedtplaceslikeNewYk.

eeaesmeuitsthatdntgwwellinwamand

cldclimatesintheUnitedStates.eee,manyuits

aeimptedmthecunties.Fexample,eithe

PeuandMexicexptavcadsttheUnitedStates.

DuianisntnativettheUnitedStates,andpassinuit

isnt,t.DuianistenimptedmMalaysiaand

Indnesia,andpassinuitisimptedmNewZealand

andBazil.Lycheeisantheuitthatisntveycmmn

intheUnitedStates.ItisgwninsmeaeastheUnitedStates,butismainlyimptedmplaceslikeChina.

eseexticuitsusuallycanntbeundinsmalltwns

andsmallecities.Hweve,supemaketsinbiggecities

usuallysellthem.


1. a2. b3. a

4. c5. c6. a

7. a8. a9. c

10. b11. c12. b

13. b14. b15. a

Unit 27 Adverb Clauses and Phrases

Consumerism

Subordinators and Adverb Clauses

1 page 220

2. since3. while4. Althugh5. Eventhugh

6. Because

7. While 8. since 9. While10. as

2 page 221

2. Althugh/Eventhugh/ugh/While;183. while;174. Althugh/Eventhugh/ugh/While;135. When;56. because/since;4

either both

or

both

either

or




Reducing Adverb Clauses

1 page 222

Chistinaisapesnalshppewhwksa

businesswman,Ms.Adams.Becausesheisverybusy ,

Ms.Adamsdesnthavetimetshp.Chistinades

mstheshpping.Sincesheisasuccessful

businesswoman,Ms.Adamstenhastgtevents.

Chistinapicksutdessesandsheshe.Chistinaals

getsgceiesMs.Adams. WhileshegetsMrs.Adams

groceries,Chistinaalsdeshewnshpping.Chistina

statedwkingMs.Adamsaftershestartedcollege.

Becauseshehasearnedenoughmoneyforhertuition,

Chistinawillfnishschlthisyea.

Davidisalsapesnalshppe,buthisjbisdieent

mChistina’s.Davidgesshppingeldely

peple.Becausetheyarehomebound,hisclientshave

dicultyleavingtheihuses.Daviddestheigcey

shppingandalsbuystheitemsthem.Onehis

clients,M.Mtn,saidthatDavidhaschangedhislie.

Sincehehadastroketwoyearsago,M.Mtnhas

hadtublewalking.Hischildendidhisshppinghim

beforetheyrealizedaservicecoulddoit.Nwwhentheyvisittheiathe,theycanspendtimewithhiminstead

dingeandshim.

2 pages 222–223

2. Havingbught100paisshes,shedidn’thavemtheminheclset.

3. Whileshppingagithesiste,shebughttheenewpaisshes.

4. Shestatedbuyingshesbeegettingajb.5. Beingcaingpeple,hepaentsweewied

abuthe.6. Havingeadanaticleabutshppingaddicts,he

athesuggestedteatment.7. Melissaageedtgethelpateealizingshehada

pblem.8. Nwshetakesnlythemneysheneedsbeegingt

themall.

3 page 223

Answers will vary.

Subordinators to Express Purpose

1 pages 223–224

2. t3. t4. s5. indet

6. sthat7. s8. t

2 page 224

2. Santiagbuysldguitassthathecanfxthem.3. DaeJinandAlexbuycncetticketstsellthemtthei

iends.4. Gabielabuysnewclthessshecanhavethelatest

style.5. Chuckbuyscmicbksindetaddthemthis

cllectin.6. SfaandYingbuyatsuppliessthattheycanmake

bithdaycadstsell.

3 page 224

Answers will vary.


1 page 225

2. b3. c4. a5. b

6. c7. c8. a

2 page 226

Eveneveynespendsmneydieently,eseachshws

theeisacmmnpattenspendingvealietime:

• Fmages18t22,pepledntspendaltmney.

Yungpepletendnthavealtmneytspend.

Becausetheyaeinschlgettingtheifstjb.

• Peplewhae22t30spendalittlememney.

Althughtheystilldntspendthatmuch.F

example,pepleinthei20stencanntadtbuy

huseswhennteanaltmney.Asaesult,they

tendtentapatments.

• Fmages31t40,peplespendmemney.eyusuallyhavememneytspend.Becausetheyhave

beenwkingawhile.Hweve,eventhughthey

makememney,theytenhaveahadtimesaving

mney.

• Reseachshwsthatpepleinthei40sspendthemst

mney.Manypepleinthisageguphavechilden,s

theyhavetbuythingstheentieamily.

Being very busy

Being a successul businesswoman

While getting Mrs. Adams groceries

ater starting college

Having earned enough money or her tuition

Being homebound

Since having a stroke two years ago

beore realizing a service could do it

Even though

spend becaus

money although

earning

spend because

even though




• Pepleinthei50sspendlessmneythanthseinthei

40seventheytenhavememneythanwhenthey

weeyunge.Onetheeasnsisthat,eventhugh

theymaycntinuewking,theyaetentyingtsave

mneyetiement.

• Pepleve60spendtheleastamuntmney.Many

pepleinthisagegupaentwkinganymeate

haveetied,stheyaeusuallyaaidspendingmuch

mney,eventheyhavesavedmneymstthei

lives.


1. b2. c3. b

4. a5. c6. c

7. a8. b9. a

10. b11. c12. c

13. b14. b15. a

Unit 28 Connecting Information

with Prepositions and Transitions

TechnologyinEntertainment

Connecting Information with Prepositions

and Prepositional Phrases

1 page 228

2. Because 3. Aswellas

4. Instead 5. except

6. Inadditint7. instead

8. Despite9. inspite

2 page 229

2. insteadananimatedmvie3. inspitehedietorinspitebeingnadiet4. aswellassmechclate5. duetthebadseatsorduetthetheatehavingbad

seats6. asaesultsittingtclsetthesceen

3 pages 229–230

Possible answers:

2. AllthemviesIwnaeliveactinexcept Hop.3. Hopisasweetmviebesidesbeingveyunny.4. Hophasanimatedchaactesinitinadditint“eal”

acts.5. emainacttalkstthepepleaswellastan

animatedbunny.

4 page 230

Answers will vary.

Connecting Information

with Transition Words

1 pages 230–231

2. Secnd,J.StuatBlacktnmadethefstanimatedflmbyusingdawingsnablackbad.

3. en/Next,/Atethat,ÉmileChlceatedanealyanimatedflm,usingpapecututs.

4. en/Next,/Atethat,WinsMcCaymadeananimatedcatnwith10,000dawings.5. en/Next,/Atethat,thefstull-lengthanimated

mviewasmadeinAgentinabyQuiinCistiani.6. Finally,WaltDisneypducedthefstanimated

catnwithsynchnizedsund.

2 page 231

2. Inadditin/Meve3. Asaesult/Cnsequently 4. theee/asaesult5. Meve/Futheme6. Incntast/Onthethehand

7. Inadditin/Futheme8. Tsummaize/Incnclusin

3 page 232

2. Mstdanceappsnlyshwsteps.Incntast,U-Danceshwsause’smvements.

3. Ithughttheappwuldntbegdexecise.Hweve,Igtagdwkut.

4. U-Danceisee.eee,yuhaveneasnnttgetit.

5. Tsummaize,it’seasytuse,un,andee.It’sageatapp.


1 pages 232–233

2. a3. c4. b5. b

6. b7. b8. c

2 page 233

Despiteitisaelativelyyungcmpany,Pixahasbeen

veysuccessul.InspitehehadagdjbatDisney,

JhnLassetelethisjbtstatacmputeanimatin

cmpanywithGegeLucasin1984.ecmpanylate

becamePixa.In1986,Pixaeleaseditsfstanimated

shtflm,whichwascalled Luxo Jr .In1987, Luxo Jr .

wasnminatedanAcademyAwadaswellasitwas

nminatedaGldenGateAwad.ItwntheGlden

even though

even though

having

even though

being

having

being



GateAwad.Inthethehand,itdidntwintheAcademy

Awad.In1989,Pixastatedmakingcmmecialsin

additintitmadeflms.Inthe1990s,Pixacntinued

makingshtflmsaswellasitmadecmmecials.In

additintPixa’sshtflms,thecmmecialsalswn

awads.

In1995,Pixa’sToy Story wasahugesuccessatthe

bxce.Inadditin,itwasthewld’sfstull-length

mviecmpletelyanimatedncmputes.Intheyeast

cme,PixamadeToy Story 2 andToy Story 3.Toy Story 3

madeevenmemneythantheveysuccessulToy Story

andToy Story 2 cmbined.Incnclusin,Pixahashad

antasticsuccesswithmanyitsmviesandcmmecials

andhaswnalagenumbeawadsvetheyeas.


1. c2. b3. a

4. c5. c6. a

7. b8. c9. a

10. c11. a12. c

13. b14. b15. a

On

making

making

gab level 3 workbook answer key

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