GalenaGalena

GoldGold

QuartzQuartz

CopperCopper

DiamondDiamond

GypsumGypsum

GibbsiteGibbsite

HaliteHalite

SphaleriteSphalerite

SilverSilver

Common Uses of MineralsMineral Uses

1. Copper Electrical wires, plumbing, coins

2. Diamond Jewelry, cutting tools, drill bits

3. Galena Batteries, ammunition

4. Gibbsite Cans, foil, appliances, utensils

5. Gold Jewelry, computers, spacecraft, dentistry

6. Gypsum Wallboards, plaster, cement

7. Halite Nutrition, highway de-icer, water softener

8. Quartz Glass, computer chips

9. Silver Jewelry, photography, electronic products

10.Sphalerite Jet aircraft, spacecraft, paints

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Naturally Formed- must form naturally, not man-

made• Ex._______________ Non-ex.___________

A Mineral is Naturally Formed

Natural: you can find it in NATURE

Naturally Formed or Man-Made?

Naturally Formed

Naturally Formed or Man-Made?

Man-Made (You cannot walk outside and pick up laptops and cell phones off

trees).

Naturally Formed or Man-Made?

Naturally Formed (We do not make fruit; fruit grows naturally form the

earth).

Naturally Formed or Man-Made?

Naturally Formed (found in nature)

Naturally Formed or Man-Made?

Naturally Formed (found in nature)

Man-Made

Naturally formed or man-made?

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Inorganic- cannot arise from

materials that were once part of a living thing

• Ex.______________ Non-Ex._________________

A Mineral is Inorganic

it's never alive, it never will be

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

InorganicInorganic

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

NOT! Leaves were once NOT! Leaves were once from a living tree.from a living tree.

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

InorganicInorganic

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

InorganicInorganic

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

NOT! A tree is living.NOT! A tree is living.

Inorganic or NOT?Inorganic or NOT?

Inorganic (fossils are formed from the Inorganic (fossils are formed from the remains of once living organisms).remains of once living organisms).

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Solid- always solid, not a liquid or gas. It has a

definite volume and a definite shapeEx._________________ Non-ex.____________

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Crystalline Structure- particles must line up in a

pattern that repeats over and over again

• Ex.______________ Non-ex._____________

Crystals• Crystals are solid, geometric forms produced by a

repeating pattern of atoms or molecules that are present throughout the mineral.

• A crystal’s shape is determined by the arrangement of the atoms or molecules within the crystal.

• All minerals can be grouped into crystal classes according to the kinds of crystals they form.

Crystalline Structure of a Mineral

Crystal Structure

Crystal Structure

Crystal StructureCrystals have a definite pattern….. This crystal prism has a pattern or design that it creates as light passes through it.

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Definite Chemical Composition- always contains

certain elements in definite proportions. NaCl (salt)

(5) Characteristics of Minerals• Solid- always solid, not a liquid or gas. It has a

definite volume and a definite shape• Naturally Formed- must form naturally, not man-

made• Inorganic- cannot arise from materials that were

once part of a living thing• Crystalline Structure- particles must line up in a

pattern that repeats over and over again• Definite Chemical Composition- always contains

certain elements in definite proportions. NaCl (salt)