Gas Forming Rxns, Driving Forces, and

RedoxChapter 5 part 3

Gas Forming Reactions Carbonate (CO3

2-)/bicarbonate (HCO3-)

react with acid (H+) to make CO2 and H2O

NaHCO3 (s) + HCl -->

Net ionic:

NaCl + CO2(g) + H2O

NaHCO3 + H+ --> Na+ + CO2(g) + H2O

Gas Forming Reactions

Sulfite (SO32-) reacts with acid (H+) to

make SO2 and water

“Driving Forces”

The formation of a special product moves these reaction forward:

Precipitation - solid Acid-Base - water Gas-Forming - gas molecule

“Driving Forces”

Product or Reactant Favored? 2Na3PO4 + 3Ni(NO3)2 --> 6 NaNO3 + Ni3(PO4)2

CaCl2 + H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + HNO3

“Driving Forces”

The transfer of e- moves redox reactions forward

An oxidized substance provides e- to the reduced substance

Redox Reactions

Oxidation and Reduction occur together OILRIGOILRIG OxidationOxidation - “loss of e-”

the oxidation # (charge) element gets higher ReductionReduction - “gain of e-”

the ox # of element gets lower

Redox Reactions

HCl + Zn --> ? + ?

Show the movement of e-

Recognizing REDOXRecognizing REDOX

First assign ox # to each elementFirst assign ox # to each element

The charges The charges must change in a redox rxmust change in a redox rx

If element ends up with a higher If element ends up with a higher ox# ox# itsits

oxidizedoxidized

If element ends up with a lowerIf element ends up with a lower ox# ox# it isit is

reducedreduced

Oxidation Numbers

Refer to the handout

Assign Ox# to the Assign Ox# to the ElementElement

Assign Ox# to the Assign Ox# to the ElementElement

NHNH33

CaClCaCl22

ClOClO44--

ClOClO33- -

HH33POPO44

CC33HH88

Oxidation Oxidation number of F number of F in HF?in HF?