10/12/2015 Bankers Adda: Gateway to SBI Mains: English (Noun)

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MONDAY, 15 JUNE 2015

Gateway to SBI Mains: English (Noun)

NounWords are divided into different kinds or classes according to the work theydo in a sentence. These kinds or classes are known as Parts of Speech.They are eight in number:1. Noun2. Pronoun3. Verb4. Adjective5. Adverb6. Preposition7. Conjunction8. Interjection.What is noun?Noun is a word used to name a person, place or thing.For example:Rama was an epic king.

Kinds of Noun1. Common NounA common noun is a name given in common to every person or thing of thesame class or kind. For example;I write with a pen.The student asked me a few questions.

2. Proper NounA proper noun is the name of a particular person or place.For example:Ramu is a wise fellow.Patna lacks basic civic amenities.

Rule: Proper nouns are always written with a capital letter at the beginning.Incorrect: Earlier the capital of india was in calcutta.Correct: Earlier the capital of India was in Calcutta.

Rule: Proper nouns are sometimes used as common nouns.Incorrect: LK Advani is today regarded as SardarPatel of India.Correct: LK Advani is today regarded as the Sardar Patel of India.

Rule: In this case proper nouns are always preceded by articles.She is a Lata Mangeshkar.Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India.

3. Collective NounA Collective noun is the name of a group of persons or things. For examplearmy, committee, crowd, fleet, flock, herd, jury, mob, parliament, team.

Rule: A collective noun usually takes a singular verb and is substituted by asingular pronoun.Incorrect: The jury were unanimous in their opinion.Correct: The jury was unanimous in its opinion.

Rule: A collective noun takes a plural verb and is substituted by a pluralpronoun when the individuals of which it is composed are thought of netbehaving as a single unitIncorrect: The jury was divided in its opinions.Correct: The jury were divided in their opinions.

4. Abstract NounAn abstract noun is usually the name of a quality, action or state consideredapart from the object ( which is usually a common noun and often qualified byan adjective) to which it belongs. For example:Innocence is integral to a child.Love knows no bound.

5. Material NounA material noun is the name of a material ( matter from which a thing ismade). For example:

Cotton is the source of natural fibre.Milk constitutes a nutritious food.

Rule: A material noun does not take an article (a, an, the) before it.Incorrect: The tobacco is a cash crop.

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10/12/2015 Bankers Adda: Gateway to SBI Mains: English (Noun)

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Incorrect: The tobacco is a cash crop.Correct: Tobacco is a cash crop.

Rule: It takes articles when treated as common nouns.Incorrect: They offered me glass of water.Correct: They offered me a glass of water.NumbersNumbers are of two kinds­(1) Singular Number(2) Plural NumberGenerally while changing singular noun to plural we add s, es in the end.For examplecow­cowschair­chairsschool­schoolsMango­MangoesOn the surface some nouns appear to be singular but in meaning they aretreated as plural.For example,cattle, clergy, people, children, police, poultryIncorrect: The peasantry has always stood as rockstars for the developmentof a country.Correct: The peasantry have always stood as rockstars for the developmentof a country.Some nouns look like plural but are always used as singular. For example,Subjects ­ Mathematics, economics, physics, ethics, politics, classics.

Rule: When these subjects denote qualities or property, they are used inplural sense. For example,Incorrect: His mathematics is weak.Correct: His mathematics are weak.Diseases ­ Rickets, AIDS, diabetes, mumps, measles. Some other nouns ­News, gallows, summons, innings.Some nouns are plural in form and in meaning, normally they are instrumentsor dress articles which have two parts and make a kind of pair. Do not usea/an before these nouns.For example,Spectacles, tongs, scissors, pincers, bellows, trousers, drawers, breaches,pants, knickers, pantaloons.Certain other nouns ­ caves, riches (valuables), alms, funds, proceeds(profit), annals (record).Incorrect : I bought a trousers yesterday.Correct :I bought a pair of trousers yesterday.Some nouns are always singular and used as singular only. For examplePoetry, information, machinery, dust, furniture, dirt, traffic, money, music.Some nouns have one meaning in singular form and another in plural.

Quiz based on above concepts :

1. When he returned (a)/ from America, he informed me (b)/ that he had comehere (c)/ to do urgent work. (d)/ No error (e)2. I do my best (a)/ but I don’t understand (b)/ why I do not get expected (c)/marks in the examination. (d)/ No error (e)3. The pretty woman (a)/ sitting in the car (b)/ is the daughter of one of (c)/the headman of the village. (d)/ No error (e)4. You will not be (a)/ allowed to go (b)/ anywhere else to (c)/ play outdoorgames. (d)/ No error (e)5. The beautiful surrounding (a)/ of the palace (b)/ attracted a large number of(c)/ tourists coming from abroad. (d)/ No error (e)6. He did not know (a)/ that the headquarter (b)/ of the army (c)/ was in Delhi.(d)/ No error (e)7. Liberalisation of economy (a)/ has given birth to (b)/ many uncommon (c)/phenomenon in the society.(d)/ No error (e)8. Thousand of young (a)/ protesters were standing (b)/ at Jantar Mantar and(c)/ supporting Anna Hazare. (d)/ No error (e)9. It is very difficult (a)/ to chase (b)/ a huge score in the (c)/ fourth inning.(d)/ No error (e)10. He gave me (a)/ a five­rupees note (b)/ and asked me to get (c)/ him afew cigarettes. (d)/ No error (e)

1. e; No error2. e; No error3. d; Replace “headman” with “headmen”4. e; No error5. a; Replace “surrounding” with “surroundings”6. b; Replace “headquarter” with “headquarters”7. d; Replace “phenomenon” with “phenomena”8. a; Replace “thousand” with “thousands”9. d; Replace “inning” with “innings”10. b; Replace “rupees” with “rupee”

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