(gen ana) muscles of the back

8/3/2019 (Gen Ana) Muscles of the Back

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Muscles of the Back

Ella Carmela Chavez

Mae Nen Vedeja

Zara Denisse GarciaMardred Marcelo


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Superficial Group

Trapezius Muscle

It is the large superficial muscle that extends

longitudinally from the occipital bone to the

lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to thespine of the scapula (shoulder blade). Its

functions are to move the scapulae and support

the arm.


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Trapezius


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Superficial Group

Trapezius Muscle

The Trapezius Muscle resembles a trapezoid or

a diamond-shaped quadrilateral.

ORIGIN: external occipital protuberance.

INSERTION: spine of scapula.

ACTION: elevates and depresses the scapula

(depending on which part of the musclecontracts); rotates the scapula superiorly;

retracts scapula


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Superficial Group

Latissimus Dorsi

Meaning 'broadest muscle of theback

. It is the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the

trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered

by the trapezius on its median dorsal region.


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Latissimus Dorsi


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Superficial Group

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

ORIGIN: vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum,

posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3 or 4

ribs, sometimes from the inferior angle of thescapula

INSERTION: floor of the intertubercular groove

of humerus.


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Superficial Group

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

ACTION: responsible for extension, adduction,

transverse extension, flexion from an extended

position, and (medial) internal rotation of theshoulder joint. It also has a synergistic role in

extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar

spine.


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Superficial Group

Rhomboid Major Muscle

A muscle on the back that connects

the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal

column. It acts together with the rhomboidminor to keep the scapula pressed against the

thoracic wall and to retract the scapula toward

the vertebral column.

It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the

long spinal muscles.


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Rhomboid Major


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Superficial Group

Rhomboid Major Muscle

ORIGIN: spines of vertebrae T2-T5

INSERTION: medial border of the scapula

inferior to the spine of the scapula

ACTION: The rhomboid major helps to hold the

scapula (and thus the upper limb) onto the

ribcage. The rhomboids also acts to retract thescapula, pulling it towards the vertebral column.


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Superficial Group

Rhomboid Minor Muscle

A small skeletal muscle on the back that

connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the

spinal column.

It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the

long spinal muscles.


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Rhomboid Minor


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Superficial Group

Rhomboid Minor Muscle

ORIGIN: inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae,

spines of vertebrae C7 and T1.

INSERTION: medial border of the scapula at the

root of the spine of the scapula.

ACTION: retracts, elevates and rotates the

scapula.


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Superficial Group

Levator Scapulae Muscle

A skeletal muscle situated at the back and side

of the neck.

As the name suggests, its main function is to lift

the scapula.


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Levator Scapulae


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Superficial Group

Levator Scapulae Muscle

ORIGIN: transverse processes of C1-C4

vertebrae.

INSERTION: medial border of the scapula from

the superior angle to the spine.

ACTION: elevates the scapula.


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Superficial Group


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Innervations and Blood Supply


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Intermediate Group

Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle

a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the

upper and back part of the thorax.


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Serratus Posterior Superior


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Intermediate Group

Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle

ORIGIN: ligamentum nuchae, spines of

vertebrae C7 and T1-T3.

INSERTION: ribs 2-5.

ACTION: elevates the upper ribs.


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Intermediate Group

Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle

The muscle lies at the junction of the thoracic

and lumbar regions.

It is situated at the junction of the thoracic and

lumbar regions: it is of an irregularly

quadrilateral form, broader than the serratus

posterior superior muscle, and separated fromit by a wide interval.


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Serratus Posterior Inferior


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Intermediate Group

Serratus Posterior Inferior

ORIGIN: thoracolumbar fascia, spines of

vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2.

INSERTION: ribs 9-12.

ACTION: pulls down lower ribs.


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Intermediate Group


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Deep Group

Splenius Capitis

Splenius Cervicis

Multifidus Muscle Semispinalis Muscles

Spinal Erectors (Erector Spinae)

Iliocostalis

Longissimus

Spinalis


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Deep Group

Splenius Cervicis

Splenius Capitis

Are broad, straplike muscle in the back of the

neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from

vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax.

Derived from the Latin words Splenion

meaning bandage. ACTION: extends and laterally bends the neck

and head, rotates head to the same side


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Splenius Muscles


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Deep Group

Spinal Erectors

Iliocostalis

The iliocostalis originates from

the sacrum, erector spinae

aponeurosis and iliac crest.

ACTION: extends and laterally bends the

trunk and neck.


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Iliocostalis Lumborum

Iliocostalis ThoracisIliocostalis Cervicis


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Deep Group

Spinal Erectors

Longissimus Muscles

It is the longest subdivision of the erector

spinae that extends forward into thetransverse processes of the posterior cervical

vertebrae.

ACTION: extends and laterally bends thetrunk, neck and head.


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Longissimus Thoracis

Longissimus CervicisLongissimus Capitis


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Deep Group

Spinal Erectors

Spinalis

Portion of the erector spinae located nearest

to the spine.

It is divided into three parts.

ACTION: extends and laterally bends trunk

and neck.


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Spinalis Dorsi

Spinalis CervicisSpinalis Capitis


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Erector Spinae Muscles


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Deep Group

Semispinalis Muscles

Semispinalis Dorsi

consists of thin, narrow, fleshy fasciculi, interposed

between tendons of considerable length. ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends the

trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.


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Deep Group


Semispinalis Cervicis

Thicker than the Semispinalis Dorsi, arises by a

series of tendinous and fleshy fibers from thetransverse processes of the upper five or sixthoracis

vertebrae, and is inserted into the cervical spinous

processes, from the axis to the fifth inclusive.

ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends thetrunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.


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Deep Group


Semispinalis Capitis

Situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep

to the Splenius, and medial to the Longissimuscervicis and capitis.

ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends the

trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.


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Semispinalis Dorsi

Semispinalis CervicisSemispinalis Capitis


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Deep Group

Multifidus Muscle

consists of a number of fleshy and

tendinous fasiculi, which fill up the groove on

either side of the spinous process of thevertebrae, from the sacrum to the axis.

Very thin muscle.

ACTION: Stabilizes vertebrae in localmovements of vertebral column


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Multifidus Muscle


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END

(gen ana) muscles of the back

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