gender based violence against adolescent … · micro machismos. title: lección 2ª. el poder...
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GENDER BASED VIOLENCE
AGAINST ADOLESCENT WOMEN
IN SPAIN: Restorative Justice as
an Alternative to Criminal
Procedure
Ana Beltrán Montoliu
Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, SpainEuropean Forum for Restorative Justice- 10th International Conference: Expanding
the Restorative Imagination, Restorative justice between realities and visions in Europe and beyond, 16 June 11.30-13.00 PW VI, BOGDANI
“La tutela procesal de las víctimas de la violencia de género: El Estatuto de la víctima del delito” (Código:DER2015-64506-C2-2-R), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad - Modalidad 1: Proyectosde I+D+I del Programa estatal de investigación. IP: Andrea Planchadell Gargallo
CONTENTS
I. OVERVIEW
II. VICTIM
III. RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Castellón de la Plana Population: 170.000
15 cases GENDER VIOLENCE- JUVENILE SYSTEM
I. OVERVIEW
WHAT ?
FACTS AND
FIGURES
CONCEPTLEGAL
FRAMEWORK
HOW TO FIGHT VIOLENCE
AGAINST WOMEN?
FACTS
1. Psychological
violence: controllingbehaviours
2. Psychological
violence: emotional
abuse
3. Economic violence
4. Physical violence
5. Sexual violence
FIGURES
27.4 % YOUNG PEOPLE (15-29 YEARS) BELIEVE THAT GENDER
VIOLENCE IS "NORMAL BEHAVIOR" IN A COUPLE
48% YOUNG OFFENDERS TRIED
25 % REPORTING GENDER VIOLENCE YOUNG GIRLS
21% WOMEN (16-24 years) has sufferedcontrolling behaviours (9,6% other ages)
50 % VICTIMS (14-18 years) physcological
assistance
CONCEPT
GENDER VIOLENCE
• VIOLENCE EXERCISED BY A MEN AGAINST WOMEN BY THEIR PRESENT OR
FORMER SPOUSES OR BY MEN WITWHOM THEY MAINTAIN OR HAVE
MAINTAINED ANALOGOUS AFFECTIVE RELATIONS, WH ITH OR WITHOUT
COHABITATION
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
• OTHER VICTIMS ART. 173 .2 Penal Code
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
ORGANIC ACT REGULATING THE
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF
MINORS,
5/2000, January 12th
ORGANIC ACT OF PROTECTION
MEASURES AGAINST GENDER VIOLENCE, 1/2004, December
28th
LAW 4/2015, of 27 APRIL, ON THE STANDING OF
VICTIMS OF CRIME
HOW TO FIGHT AGAINST GV?
• Education
• Advertesing+ Media
• Health Measures ( Doctors+ Nurses)
EXTRAJUDICIAL MEASURES
• Penal Code
• Procedural Issues:
• Violence Against Women Court (civil+ criminal jurisdiction matters)
• Juvenile Courts
JUDICIAL MEASURES
EDUCATION-ADVERTISING
STEREOTYPES:
Girls= like
Boys= succeed
EQUALITY:
Culture
Sports
Arts
Job, etc
WORLD MOVEMENTS: #Metoo
JUDICIAL MEASURES
COURT PROCEEDINGS
OUT-OF COURT PROCEEDINGS
• Gender Violence≠ Mediation (adults)
• Practical Guide for Intra-Judicial Mediation2016, General Council of Judicial Power
• Juvenile System, between (14-18 years)
II. VICTIM
GENERAL OVERVIEW
• COMPLAINTS
• TESTIMONYCONTROVERSIAL
ISSUES
GENERAL OVERVIEW
• WHERE HAPPENS?
•COUPLE INTIMACY
•NO WITNESS (FAMILY)
•MEN SUPERIORITY ROLE –RELATIONSHIP
•AFFECTIVE -INTIMATE RELATIONSHIP
•VICTIM´S TESTIMONYVERSUS
•OFFENDER´S TESTIMONY
EVIDENCE
CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES
1. FORMAL COMPLAINTS
2. VICTIM TESTIMONY
1. COMPLAINT DEATH VICTIMS (NO REPORTING) (Last 5
years 20-30%)
2. VICTIM TESTIMONY
• Absence of Subjective Inscredibility
• Persistence in the Incrimination
• Testimony must be plausible
A) GUIDING CRITERIA
B) Art 416 Criminal ProcedureAct (testimonial privilege)
III. RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
PREVENTION
• Cyclical ladder
• For a SocietyFree of gender-based violence
POSSIBILITIES
• A) OUT-OF COURT PROCEEDINGS
• B) POST JUDGEMENT
Control- Friends, aesthetics (dressing), social networks, mobile pone
Isolation –Friends, Hobbies, Family
Emotional blackmail+ Blaming
Sexual agression under false consent
Depreciation, humiliating treatment and insulting
Intimidating
Initial physical assault
Threats
Sexual assault
Severe Physical violence
Source: Escalera cíclica de la violencia de
género en los adolescentes, study 'Voces
tras los datos: una mirada cualitativa a la
violencia de género en adolescentes', de
Carmen Ruiz Repullo and Instituto Andaluz
de la Mujer. “La historia de Pepa y Pepe”
FROG´S EXAMPLE
OFFENSES
STALKING
(Art. 172 ter PC)
SEXTING
(Art. 197.7 PC)
ABUSE (Art. 153.1 PC)
THREATENING (Art. 171.4 PC)
PRIVACY
(Art. 197.1 PC)
A) OUT-OF-COURT
PROCEEDINGS (art. 19 LO 5/2000)
PROSECUTOR DISMISSAL
• Facts
• Offender´s Personal circunstances (age, offense, etc)
CONDITIONS:
• No violence offense
• Offender acknowledgement + Apology
• Victim´s Reparation
MEDIATION: TECHNICAL YOUTH PROSECUTION TEAM
AGREEMNET ENFORCEMENT
• + No trial
• - Trial
B) POST-JUDGEMENT (art. 51 LO 5/2000)
• REPLACEMENT OF PENALTY
• OTHER POSSIBILITIES JUVENILE
JUDGE:
• LISTEN PROSECUTION, TECHNICAL TEAM+OTHER PARTIES INVOLVED
• JUDICIAL DECISION
CONDITIONS:
FINAL REMARKS
1.- VICTIM PROTECTION FROM DIFFERENT
PERSPECTIVES
2.- GENDER VIOLENCE BETWEEN
YOUNG=CONTROLLING BEHAVIOURS
MEDIATION
3.- CHANGE IN THE SEXIST CULTURE OF
SOCIETY
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