7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 1/14

 

Gender, Food & Nutrition

Security in Asia:

The ADB Experience

The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors,

or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The

countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 2/14

Volatile & high commodity prices

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 3/14

A lot of catching up to do!

Region Actual yield(2005, % of 

economically

attainable yield) 

 Yield gap(%) 

Western Asia 51 49

Central Asia 36 64

South Asia 45 55

East Asia 89 11

Southeast Asia 68 32

Pacific 43 57

Source: OECD-FAO 2012, 62, Table 2.5

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 4/14

Complex food security challenges

Long-term food price volatility: inter-linked

with energy & other commodity prices

Scarce water and land resources

Climate change

Urbanization, rising incomes, & diversified

diets

Unmet MDG targets: under-nutrition,hidden hunger, nutrition divide

Feminization of agriculture

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 5/14

Unfinished agenda: Gender equality

Women dominate: agriculture (40%-50%),livestock (3/4s in livestock related tasks),

fisheries (45m-50m in upstream & downstream

tasks), 20%-30% of world farmworkers

Gender inequality persists: human capital

investments, access to productive assets &

resources, participation in decision-making &

voice Time poverty

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 6/14

ADB: mainstreaming gender and

development Operational Plan

on Gender Equality

& Women’s

Empowerment,2013- 2020:

Moving the

 Agenda Forward in

 Asia and thePacific 

Strategy 2020:

gender equity as

partner & agent for 

change

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 7/14

Operational Plan for Agriculture and

Natural Resources: 2014 - 2020

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 8/14

 ADB’s agriculture operations: most

gender- friendly

Agriculture with gender focus

(1998-2012)

No. of 

projects

%

1. Effective gender 

mainstreaming

72 47

2. Gender equity theme 25 16

3. Some gender benefits 27 18

4. No gender benefits 28 18

Total 152 100

60% successful in 1 & 2 relative to 50% for core

areas

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 9/14

Nepal: multiple outcomes achieved

Formation of self-help groups of 

12,159 poor; 70% women

Capacity development (skills

training on crop production,

accounting, finance, marketing) For landless, 141 ha. leased

Outcomes:

i. Expand assets increase

incomes reduce povertyii. education of & more healthy

kids

iii. Sustainable agriculture

iv. Robust rental markets

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 10/14

Jobs back to the village

103 subprojects in

Fujian, PRC

-730,000 rural

households

- Meet Cao XiamenHangkai Wood Products

-Assembles small pet houses

-Reunited with her 2 kids

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 11/14

Empowering women matter

The road toempowerment:

Dehong, Yunnan

WUAs inChhattisgarh

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 12/14

Good Practices

Participatory from planning,implementation, monitoring

Building productive assets for income: best

entry point Multifaceted, multisector, multi-pronged

outcomes, supportive government

Women’s organization, community-driven

Build-in the knowledge Flexible design for context-specific,

innovations

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 13/14

Priority agenda: link 3 R’s (reduction,

recognition, redistribution)

Context-specific needs stepwise approach: “

hang in”, “step up”, “step-out” 

Farm level: improve access Value chains: farms to markets

Form social protection to empowerment

Effective multi-agency coordination Better implementation, & M&E

 Accelerate mobilization of women

7/27/2019 Gender Food and Nutrition Security in Asia_LAdriano

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/gender-food-and-nutrition-security-in-asialadriano 14/14

Thank you.