gender statistics in lebanon situation and future … use of...gender statistics in lebanon current...
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Gender Statistics in LebanonCurrent situation and Future needs
EDUCATIONEDUCATION
Thursday, 17th June 2010.
Prepared bPrepared by Ibtissam El Jouni, CAS
Monica Fong ‐ ConsultantMonica Fong Consultant
Background and Objectives:Background and Objectives:
•Summarize major issues on gender aspects of Education in Lebanonin order to illustrate the data available on gender in CAS surveys andfrom the CERD.from the CERD.
•Identify areas for greater attention to gender in the collection,tabulation analysis and dissemination of statistical data andtabulation, analysis and dissemination of statistical data andindicators for the future.
•Focus on data and indicators showing gender differentials. The aimis to provide full and complete coverage of all indicators by sex thatare available.
Data Sources:Data Sources:1‐ Timing2‐ coverage3 d i i i3‐ Assets and Limitations.
Data Needs for developing indicators
Data Availability, administrative data , surveys1‐ what we have2‐ what we are still lacking.
Examples of gender indicatorsExamples of gender indicators
Most important data needs for developing gender indicators on Education in:• New tabulations of existing data• New tabulations of existing data• Gender introducing gender aspects into future surveys and administrative
data series.
Data Sources: CAS SurveysData Sources: CAS Surveys
• The State of Children in Lebanon(MICS II) 2000.
• The Lebanon Family Health Survey, 2004.
Th Li i C di i f h H h ld f• The Living Conditions of the Households of 2004 and 2007.
• The Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey III, 20092009.
Data Sources: Center for Educational Research and Development (CERD)
Yearly census on:
• Schools
• Teachers
• Students• Students(In the Public and in the private schools)
D Hi h Ed i (U i i i S d d• Data on Higher Education (Universities, Students and professors).
All the data are aggregated by sexgg g y
Assets:Assets:
CAS
• Modules on Education (All CAS Surveys).Modules on Education (All CAS Surveys).
• Specific Modules on Early Childhood Education (MICS)(MICS).
CERD
• Comprehensive Data on Schools, Students and T h i L b bTeachers in Lebanon, by sex.
Data NeedsData Needs
• The Data on Education are Vital to monitoring social and economic development generally, p g yand gender equality in particular.
• Gender indicators on education constitute a core part of a program of gender monitoring.
Data needs ‐1Data needs 1
1‐ Literacy: Adult literacy (15+) by sex and age group, Ratio of literate women to men, 15‐24; g p fLevel of education 15+ by sex.
2‐ Levels of Education enrollment:
enrollment ratio of girls to boys, at Primary Secondary and TertiarySecondary and Tertiary.
Data needs 2Data needs ‐ 2• Retention ratio of girls to boys at primary secondary• Retention ratio of girls to boys at primary, secondary and at tertiary level…
• Ratio of girl to boy graduates at secondary and at tertiary level.
• Ratio of girls to boys in the selection of subject matter at secondary level and at tertiary level.y y
Data needs 3Data needs ‐ 3• Proportion of girls in female dominated subjects at secondaryProportion of girls in female dominated subjects at secondary
and at tertiary level
• Proportion of girls in male dominated subjects at secondary and at tertiary level
• proportion of boys in male dominated subjects at secondary p p f y j yand at tertiary level
• Proportion of boys in female dominated subjects at secondary and at tertiary level.
CoverageCoverage
• Much of the needed education data are already il blavailable.
• Some data will need to be re‐tabulated and some need to be collected when new surveys areneed to be collected when new surveys are undertaken.
Examples of Gender indicators
E ll R El d S dTab 1: Enrollment Rate at Elementary and Secondary Levels 2007
Female Male
Gross Enrollment Rate at 105 1 110 1Gross Enrollment Rate at Elementary level
105.1 110.1
Net Enrollment Rate at 93 4 92 8Net Enrollment Rate at Elementary level
93.4 92.8
Net Enrollment Rate at 56.5 50.7Net Enrollment Rate at Secondary Level
56.5 50.7
Source: CAS, Living Conditions of Households 2007.
Tab 2: Distribution of Illiteracy Rate by Sex for age (15+)
2004 20072004 2007
Female Male Female Male
Illiteracy Rate
Female Male Female Male
13.7 6.4 14 6.6
Source: CAS, Living Conditions of Households, 2004 CAS, Living Conditions of Households, 2007
Tab. 3: Distribution of Age Categories Female Male
15 ‐ 19 1,1 1,3 fIlliteracy rate by Sex and Age categories
15 19 1,1 1,3
20 ‐ 24 0,7 1,9
25 ‐ 29 2,1 1,8 g g(15+) 30 ‐ 34 3,8 2,8
35 ‐ 39 5,3 2,5
40 ‐ 44 7,1 3,8
45 ‐ 49 10,8 3,7
50 54 15 1 5 450 ‐ 54 15,1 5,4
55 ‐ 59 24,1 8,7
60 ‐ 64 35,2 13,2, ,
65 ‐ 69 50,0 17,7
70 ‐ 74 55,9 29,1
75 ‐ 79 50,5 31,8
80 ‐ 84 72,2 36,5
85 + 75,5 33,0
Total 14.0 6.6Source: CAS, Living Conditions of Households, 2007
Tab 4: Distribution of secondary students by sex and section (3rd year) type 2007 – 2008
Female MaleSections Frequency Proportion
of Girls in Female
percentage Frequency Proportionof Boys in Male
percentage
Arts and HumanitiesArts and Humanities2538 11.74 83.40 505 2.91 16.60
Sociology and Economy10069 46.56 58.50 7,142 41.21 41.50
G l S iGeneral Sciences1428 6.60 28.00 3,672 21.19 72.00
Life Sciences7590 35.10 55.80 6,011 34.69 44.20
Total21625 100.00 55.51 17,330 100.00 44.49
Ratio of Girls to Boys in the selection of the arts and Humanities 5,03
Ratio of Girls to Boys in the selection of the Economy and sociology 1,41
Ratio of Girls to Boys in the selection of the General sciences 0.39
Ratio of Girls to Boys in the selection of the Life sciences 1 26Ratio of Girls to Boys in the selection of the Life sciences 1.26
Source: CERD, Statistical Bulletin, 2008
Fig 1: Percentage distribution of secondary students by d ti t (3 d ) 2007 2008
90,00
sex and section type (3rd year), 2007 ‐ 2008
83,40
72,00
70,00
80,00
58,50 55,80
41 5044,20
50,00
60,00
28,00
41,50
30,00
40,00
16,60
10,00
20,00
‐
Arts and Humanities Economy and Sociology General sciences Life sciences
Female Male
Source: CERD, Statistical Bulletin, 2008
Fig 2: Distribution of secondary students by sex and section type (3rd year), 2007 ‐ 2008 (Frequencies)
Fig 3: Distribution of secondary students by Sex and section type 3rd year), 2007 ‐ 2008 (percentage)
Fig 4: Distribution of the students in the vocational and General Education (ISCED 3) By Sex, for academic year 2007/2008 in the formal education.
90
77,3
66,670
80
50
60
33,4
30
40
22,7
20
30
0
10
Female Male
Source: CERD, Statistical Bulletin, 2008
Vocational Academic
2006/200 200 /2008
Tab. 5:
2006/2007 2007/2008
Ratio of Girls to Boys at Secondary Level (ISCED 3)
1.25 1.43
General.
Ratio of Girls to Boys at Secondary Level (ISCED 3)
1.16 1.09y ( )
General & Vocational
The differences in enrollment in secondary education are larger and are a matter of concernconcern.
Source: CERD, Statistical Bulletin,2007 and 2008
Fig 5: Percentage distribution of registered students in higher Education by Sex 2007 ‐2008.
Fig 6: Distribution of registered students in higher Education by Sex 2007 ‐ 2008. (Frequency)
.
Fig 7: proportion of the girls in the female Students registered in the Higher Education 2007/2008
F l
17,16
21,64
Business and administration
Humanities
Female
4,46
12,39
15,88
Law
Health
Social science and Behavioural science
3 05
3,32
3,36
3,78
Physical sciences
Architecture and building
Life sciences
Teacher training and Education science
2 18
2,72
2,86
3,05
Journalism and information
Computing
Arts
Physical sciences
1,45
1,58
1,91
2,18
Not known or unspecified
Engineering and engineering trades
Mathematics and statistics
Journalism and information
0,51
0,58
1,10
Agriculture, foretry and fishery
Social services
Pdrsonal services
0,03
0,07
Transport services
Environmental protection
Fig 8: proportion of the Boys in the Male students registered in the Higher Education 2007/2008
Male
11,5
12,1
23,3
Engineering and engineering trades
Humanities
Business and administrationMale
7,6
8,0
8,8
Social science and Behavioural science
Computing
Law
2,7
6,4
7,6
Physical sciences
Architecture and building
Health
1,7
2,3
2,5
Not known or unspecified
Arts
Mathematics and statistics
0,7
1,6
1,7
Teacher training and Education science
Life sciences
Pdrsonal services
0,1
0,5
0,7
Transport services
Agriculture, foretry and fishery
Journalism and information
0,0
0,0
Environmental protection
Social services
Fig 9: Distribution of the Graduates in the higher Education according to g f g gEducation Sector and Sex (2006/2007)
77,63 80
90
57,47
50
60
70
Female Male
42,53
30
40
50 Female Male
22,37
10
20
30
0
Lebanese University Private Universities
Fig 10: Distribution of professors according to Education Sector and SexFig. 10: Distribution of professors according to Education Sector and Sex(2007/2008)
67,33
63,05
Female Male
32,67
36,95
Lebanese University Private UniversitiesLebanese University Private Universities
conclusionconclusion
T id l t d d i t f• To provide a more complete and nuanced picture of women’s education, compared to that of men, compared to other countries and over time, these indicators need to be followed yearly, (CERD).
Of i l i f d i• Of particular interest from a gender perspective at present, are the retention rates in secondary schools, to monitor the education of boys, and the segmentation of f y , g fsubject matter at all levels.
• Some data on Households Education Expenditures for Boys and girls are also needed.
Thank you for your attention