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tudents. There was a significant difference in 2 domains which werenowledge of physiology penile erection and male sexual dysfunction inoth groups (p<0.005). The highest score formen’s health knowledgewas0.3% and the lowest score was 38.4%. Approximately 46.7% of the USMnd 66.1% of the MU students had significantly good knowledge scoremarks ≥75% of the total score) (p<0.05).onclusion: There was still a gap in knowledge on Men’s Health amonghe final year medical students in the both universities that needs to beddressed and implemented at par with other disciplines in undergradu-te teaching.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.050

ISMH World Congress 2010 Abstract 050QUEOUS EXTRACT OF JUGLANS NIGRA PREVENTS LEADNDUCED TESTICULAR TOXICITY IN RATS

bdul Alhassana, Mohamed Mabrouka, Ramatu Idris a, Emmanuelalawub,∗, Abiodun Oyerindeb, Zainab Bauchia

Ahmadu Bello University, Department of Human Physiology, Zaria, Kaduna State,igeria, b LadokeAkintolaUniversity of Technology, Department of Physiology, Ogbo-oso, Oyo State, 234038, Nigeria

-mail address: seocatholic@gmail.com (E. Salawu).ackground: Lead is a heavy metal that has been known for its adverseffects on many body organs and systems and thus their functions.im: In this study, the toxic effect of lead on the testicular system wasnvestigated, and Aqueous Extract of Juglans nigra (JnE) (a well knownntioxidant) was administered orally to prevent this effect.aterials and Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wister rats, randomlyivided into four groups (n = 6), were used for this study. Group B androup D were given 3 g of JnE/Kg BodyWeight/Day (orally) and 1% sodiumcetate and Lead acetate respectively, while group A (control) and groupwere given sodium acetate and lead acetate respectively. All treatmentsere for eight weeks. The animals were sacrificed twenty-four hours afterhe last treatment. Sperm count, motility, morphology, and testosteroneevel were determined. The control and “test” groups were comparedsing independentsample t-test.esults: The results obtained showed that lead caused a significant decreasen epididymal weight, sperm count, sperm mortility and testosteroneevel; and significant increase in abnormal structure of spermatozoa.hese (abnormalities) were however, prevented in the JnE treated groups.onclusion: It is therefore concluded that oral admistration of JnE promoteertility and annuls lead induced testicular texicity.itation: Alhassan A, Mabrouk M, Idris R, Salawu E, Oyerinde A, Bauchi Z.queous Extract of Juglans Nigra Prevents Lead Induced Testicular Toxicityn Rats. Maced J Med Sci. doi.10.3889/MJMS.1957-5773.2010.0109.opyright: ©2010 Alhassan A. This is an openaccess article distributednder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, whichermits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,rovided the original author and source are credited.ompeting Interests: The author has declared that no competing interestsxist.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.051

ISMH World Congress 2010 Abstract 051ENDER STEREOTYPING ISSUES AND HIV PREVENTION

ia Ahmad ∗

PLUS Development Foundation, Alipur 34450 Muzaffargarh Muzaffargarh, Punjab4450 Pakistan

-mail address: plusd.foundation@gmail.com.ntroduction: As a young Muslim nation with a complex anthropology, Pak-stan continues to struggle with a common sense of identity. This struggle

lso touches our personal lives particularly amongst young people withevere identity and gender stereotyping issues, poverty and low levelsf literacy. This confusion is propounded and manifests clearly in sexualehaviors and practices. Community based sexual health /HIV preven-ion programs must incorporate self-reflection, self-concepts and identityssues to ensure ownership and sustainability of their programs. Work-

d

ISMH Congress 2010 Abstracts

ng on self-encourages/ facilitates strong self-concepts, which translateso assertive behavior, negotiation skills and a sense of rights.ender identity refers to how one thinks of one’s own, gender: whetherne thinks of oneself as a man (masculine) or as a woman (feminine).ociety prescribes arbitrary rules or gender roles based on one’s sex. Theseender roles are called feminine and masculine.ethods/procedures: Promote Peer education and educate public on genderexuality- for behavior change. Exercise responsibility in sexual rela-ionships, by abstinence addressing power imbalances, negotiation skillsesisting pressure during sexual intercourse, encouraging contraceptionse. Gender Sexuality education must be a central component of devel-pment/reproductive health programs designed to prevent STIs.esults: Socio cultural framework is supremely gender and often-sexualelationships are framed by gender roles, power relationships, poverty,lass, caste and custom, hierarchies of one sort of another. Term “man” ismale gender identity not a sexual identity. The phrase males who haveex with males is not about identities and desires it is about recognizinghat there are many frameworks within which men/males have sex withales, many different self-identities, many different context of behavior.onclusions: To bring ownership among individual/communities to workn STIs, HIV/AIDS prevention could only be achieved by incorporatingelf-concepts and identity issues. Must need to explore and understandale-to-male desires, as to involvemen, if we are truly to develop effectivend sustainable HIV/AIDS prevention strategies amongst males who haveex with male.

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.052

ISMH World Congress 2010 Abstract 052RECTILE DYSFUNCTION AMONGST MEN WITH DIABETES INALAYSIA: PERCEPTION AND REALITY, A CROSS-SECTIONALTUDY

. Ahmada,∗, M.M. Radzi a, Y.S. Tinga, S.M.S. Ali a, C.H. China, Z.A.thmana, N.I.M. Tahira, O. Othmanb, R.A. Rashida, N.A. Aziza

Department of Family Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,alaysia, b Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Malaysia, Kualaumpur, Malaysia)

-mail address: bulat1977@yahoo.com (S. Ahmad).ackground: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is known to be linked with diabetesut it is commonly under-diagnosed and evidence regarding associationf ED severity with diabetes is still sparse. This study aimed to assesshe prevalence of perceived and proven ED, the association of ED as wells ED severity with the presence of diabetic related complications ando-morbidities.ethods: It was done at an urban teaching hospital from February untilarch 2010. A total of 281 diabetic patients were randomly selected and

nternational Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF-5) questionnairewas useds a diagnostic tool for ED. Patients’ characteristics which include pres-nce of peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, blood pressure,etabolic indices and patients’ perceptions of having ED were deter-ined.esults: Prevalence of proven ED was 86.8% (n = 244). Out of 156 patientsho perceived to have ED, 98.2% (n = 155) proven to have this problem

p=0.00). Mean age of proven ED was 13% higher than those without ED61.4± 10.2 vs 54.2± 9.7 years, p= 0.0001). More males with duration ofiabetes >10 years had ED than those duration<5 years (n = 110 vs 75,= 0.002). Proven ED was associated with presence of diabetic nephropa-hy (p= 0.017). Therewas no significant association between severity of EDith period of having diabetes, HbA1c level and diabetic co-morbidities

obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension).onclusion: ED is common among diabeticmales; associatedwith advancedge, longer duration of DM and presence of nephropathy. However, sever-

oi:10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.053

jmh Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 282–351, October 2010 297