general education and training social sciences …

GENERAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING

SOCIAL SCIENCES

HISTORY

PAPER 2

FINAL EXAMINATION

NOVEMBER 2014

GRADE 8

MARKS: 75

TIME: 90 MIN

Social Sciences Geography Grade 8 GET November 2014

2

SOCIAL SCIENCES GRADE 8 HISTORY

NOVEMBER 2014

TIME: 90 MINUTE TOTAL: 75 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION:

1. All questions must be answered.

2. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in the paper.

3. Study all the sources and texts provided carefully because they contain many clues that will help in answering the questions.

4. Note the mark allocation for each question to guide you how to answer.

5. Write neatly and legibly

6. Please leave a line open after each question.

7. This paper consists of 10 pages including the cover sheet


3

QUESTION 1 Key Question: How did the Industrial Revolution in Britain and South Africa affect the working conditions of people? 1.1 Study SOURCE 1A which depicts the working conditions in a British

factory during the Industrial Revolution in 1850 and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 1A

Adapted from: Social Sciences Today. Earle et al. 2005

1.1.1 Who is depicted by A and B in die cartoon, respectively? (2x1=2)

1.1.2 Why did the artist use a skeleton to represent the working

conditions of B?

(1x1=1) 1.1.3 Describe the working conditions of B. Name TWO aspects. (2x1=2)

(5)

A B


4

1.2 Study SOURCE 1B which deals with the mining of diamonds outside Kimberley in 1880 and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 1B

Adapted from: In Search of Social Sciences. Bottaro et al. 2006

1.2.1

Use your own knowledge and the information in SOURCES 1A and 1B and indicate why the TWO sources indicate poor working conditions for workers. Name TWO aspects.

(2x1=2)

1.2.2 Why were diamonds so important to the colonial rulers? (1x1=1) 1.2.3 Diamond mines were the beginning of big monopolies in South

Africa. Do you agree? Give a reason for your answer. (2x1=2)

(5) 1.3 Study SOURCE 1C dealing with the effects of mineral exploration

in South Africa for African kingdoms and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 1C The discovery of diamonds and later gold has led to an increase in population and wealth. Rivalry in lust for power has increased between Britain and the Boer Republics and large mine owners. Black independent kingdoms stood in the way of the expansion of Britain and the Boer Republics strive to establish their authority over the mineral wealth. Unskilled workers and labour was needed in the mines and by taking over African kingdoms and forcing them to pay taxes ensured that Britain and the mine owners had labour for the mines. Occasionally some of the black tribes rebelled, like when the Chief Bumbatha resisted against colonial expropriation of his land and compulsory tax in 1906. Adapted from: Shuters History. Bartels et al 2006


5

1.3.1 Apart from poor working conditions, the discovery of minerals in South Africa according SOURCE 1C, had other negative consequences for black people. Name ONE.

(1x1=1) 1.3.2 Explain why black workers were so important to the mine owners? (1x2=2) 1.3.3 Which methods did the colonial governments and the mining

authorities use in order to ensure the availability of enough cheap labour to mines.

(1x2=2)

(5)

(15) QUESTION 2 Key Question: Why did European countries colonize Africa? 2.1 Study SOURCE 2A dealing with European countries that colonized

countries in Africa and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 2A

Adapted from New Afrika History. Frick et al. 2006 Adapted from: New Africa History. Frick et al. 2006

KEY: In this cartoon animals represent certain countries as listed below. Lion Britain Jackal Turkey Dog Italy Bear Russia Crocodile Egypt Donkey Spain 2.1.1 Explain the word/concept ‘Colonialism’ (1x2=2) 2.1.2 Give TWO reasons why Africa was colonized during the second

half of the 19th century?

(2x2=4)

THE LION'S FAIR SHARE


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2.1.3 Why is the lion (Britain) shown larger than other countries and with his feet on the crocodile (Egypt)?

(2x2=4)

2.1.4 From which country's perspective (view) is this cartoon drawn?

Justify your answer.

(2x2=4) (14) 2.2 Study SOURCE 2B dealing with Cecil Rhodes's stance on

colonialism and British superiority and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 2B

‘We are the most developed race in the world and the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for humanity. It is our objective to bring the whole uncivilized world under the British Empire. Africa is lying down and it is our duty to do so. Britain needs the minerals, products, food and people to be the most powerful country on earth.’ (Cecil John Rhodes in his book Confessions of Faith)

Adapted from: Looking for history. Bottaro et al. 2008 2.2.1 Why, according to SOURCE 2B was Africa ready to be colonized? (1x2=2) 2.2.2 Give ONE reason why Rhodes thought Africa should be colonized

by Britain. (1x2=2)

(4) 2.3 Black Africans thought differently about Colonialism. Study

SOURCE 2C which deals with the viewpoint of Charity Wacuina who, as a child, worked in a coffee plantation in Kenya and answer the questions that follow:

SOURCE 2C

‘I have developed a dislike towards white men who worked us like slaves and only paid a few cents a day. Sometimes we were hit like we were children. We were often treated as if we were children, emotionally and mentally.’ (Oral report by a worker)

Adapted from: In Search of History. Bottaro et al. 2008 2.3.1 What was, according to SOURCE 2C, the aspects of colonialism

which led to outrage among Africans? Name ONE aspect of the report.

(1x2=2)

2.3.2 Use the information in SOURCES 2A, 2B, 2C, and your own

knowledge, and write a paragraph explaining the main reasons for colonization of Africa by European countries.

(5)

(7)

(25)


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QUESTION 3: Key Question: How were ordinary people affected by the First World War in Britain?

3.1 Use SOURCES 3A, 3B, 3C AND 3D, and your own knowledge to answer the following questions:

SOURCE 3A

SOURCE 3B

Join today. He is happy and satisfied. Are you?

Red Cross or Iron Cross?. Wounded and a prisoner our soldier calls for water. The German ‘nurse’ threw the water on the ground right in front of his eyes. There is no British woman who will do it or forget it.

SOURCE 3C

SOURCE 3D

Preserve perishable goods

Nurses, cooks, kitchen maids, clerks,

laundresses, drivers are needed urgently.


8

3.1.1 Define/explain the word/concept ‘propaganda’ (1x2=2) 3.1.2 Identify the purpose of each of the propaganda sources. Write

the question number and the number to each of the appropriate sources. e.g. 3.1.2.a SOURCE E.

a. Encourage people to conserve resources and food (1x2=2) b. Encourage men to join the army. (1x2=2) c. Encourage women to be in different professions and thus

supporting the war effort. (1x2=2) d. Depicts the Germans as evil / bad. (1x2=2) 3.1.3 What is the main purpose of the words: ‘He is happy and

satisfied, are you?’ in SOURCE 1A. Select the appropriate response. Write the question number and the letter of the correct answer e.g. 3.1.3. a

a. The soldiers are happy. b. To make the soldiers proud. c. For men who did not join the army to feel guilty and join the

army. (1x2=2) 3.1.4 Use SOURCES 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and your own knowledge to

answer the next question: Choose the most convincing propaganda source from the four and explain why you find it the best and most convincing propaganda source of the four. Start your answer as follows: Source (e.g. B) is the best and most convincing source in achieving its propaganda goal/aim because ......

(5)

(17)


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3.2 Use SOURCES 3E, 3F, and your own knowledge to answer the following questions:

SOURCE 3E

British 55th (West Lancashire) Division troops blinded by tear gas await treatment at an advanced treatment station near Bethune during the Battle of the Estaires, 10 April 1918 during the German offensive in Flanders. 3.2.1

Soldiers of which countries fought on the side of the Allies? Name TWO countries.

(2x1=2)

3.2.2 As what were Germany and its allies known as? (1x1=1) 3.2.3 Define the term ‘trench’. (1x1=2) 3.2.4 Is SOURCE 3E a primary or a secondary source? (1x2=2) 3.2.5 Explain your answer to QUESTION 3.2.4. (1x2=2) 3.2.6 Explain why these soldiers in SOURCE 3E needed medical

treatment. (1x2=2)


10

SOURCE 3F

3.2.7 Identify TWO other hazards that soldiers were exposed to during

the First World War as observed in SOURCE 3F.

(2x1=2) 3.2.8 Explain why the trees in SOURCE 3F have no branches or leaves. (1x2=2) 3.2.9 In studying SOURCE 3A in QUESTION 3.1, does the poster show

the reality / true conditions in the trenches which soldiers experienced? Explain your answer and why this is so.

(3x1=3)

(18)

(35) GRAND TOTAL: 75

Caption not necessary for questions, just study the pictures.

GENERAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING

SOCIAL SCIENCES

HISTORY

PAPER 2

MARKING GUIDELINE

NOVEMBER 2014

GRADE 8

MARKS: 75

TIME: 90 MIN

Social Sciences History Grade 8 GET November 2014

2

SOCIAL SCIENCES - HISTORY

GRADE 8

NOVEMBER 2014 QUESTION 1: 1.1 1.1.1 B= The factory workers.√ A =The factory owners / bosses/ capitalists √ (2x1=2) 1.1.2 Because they often died because of their extremely poor

working conditions. √

(1x1=1)

1.1.3 Many long hours √, dangerous work, √ poor air circulation, √ unhygienic working conditions√

(ANY TWO) (2x1=2) (5) 1.2 1.2.1 - Very dangerous working conditions - E.g. Deep mine shafts, lack of safety measures, exposed to

elements. √

- Lack of light, poor air-conditioning, poor hygiene √ No proper clothing √ (2x1=2) 1.2.2 - Was a source of income for colonial rulers. √ - Colonial countries got income and taxes from diamonds and

used it to maintain their colonial powers. √

(ANY ONE) (1x1=1) 1.2.3 - The establishment of Cecil John Rhodes and Barney's √

mining company and the establishment of De Beers mining company √

(2x1=2)

(5) 1.3 1.3.1 - Compulsory tax √ - Loss of landownership / power √ - Loss of influence / influence over kingdoms √ - Suppression of Freedom √ (ANY ONE. Accept any relevant answer) (1x1=1) 1.3.2 They needed large amounts of cheap labour. √√ (1x2=2)

1.3.3 They forced blacks to pay taxes and they can only make money

if blacks worked in the mines.√√

(1x2=2)

(5)

(15)


3

QUESTION 2: 2.1 2.1.1 When one country takes over another country (annexes) √√ (1x2=2)

2.1.2 - Colonies were a place where Europeans sold their products. - Search for materials / minerals - Investors could make money - Valuable location of countries in Africa (strategic reasons) - Missionaries or ideologies (ANY TWO) (any other relevant

answer)

(2x2=4) 2.1.3 - Britain was militarily and economically much stronger than

Egypt.√√

- Britain has a much larger colonial empire than the other countries mentioned and was one of the strongest powers in

Europe√√ -The Lion's paws on the Crocodile shows that Britain sees Egypt (crocodile) as his possession and claims it. √√ (ANY TWO. (Any other relevant answer)

(2x2=4) 2.1.4 From British perspective. The caption reads "The lion's fair

share” √√Die fact that the lion is draw with his feet on the crocodile (Egypt) plus the caption indicates that the artist justified the British claim to Egypt. √√ (Any other relevant answer)

(2x2=4)

(14)

2.2 2.2.1 Africa was uncivilized. √√ (1x2=2)

2.2.2 Britain needed Africa's minerals / products / food to be the most

powerful country on earth. √√

(1x2=2) (4) 2.3 2.3.1 - To work as slaves (hard work) √ √ - Little money √√ - Beaten √√ (ANY ONE) (1x2=2) 2.3.2 - Europeans considered the Colonisation of Africa as justified because: √ - Africa was uncivilized. √ - Africa's food and minerals was necessary to feed Europe's growing economies. √ - For good investment √ - To buy Europe's products (new markets) √ (5x1=5) - Africa's location was important.√ - Europe was busy Industrialising quickly √

(ANY FIVE) ( Any other relevant answer) (7)

(25)


4

QUESTION 3: 3.1 3.1.1 The information is used in such a way as to influence the way

people think & to influence them e.g. To promote a political objective (Any other relevant answers)

(1x2=2)

3.1.2 a. 1C√√ b 1A√√ c 1D√√ d 1B√√ (4x2=8) 3.1.3 C √√ (1x2=2)

3.1.4 GUIDELINE RUBRIC (5x1=5) Must write a relevant motivation

Level 1 - Could not select the most convincing source. - Could not find a logical reasoned standpoint. - Information from sources is only slightly used. - Show no insight in question. - No relevant information is used

0-1

Level 2

- Could supply relevant information and reasons. - Motivation to a great extent convincing - Can use information from sources in a basic way for answer the question.

2-3

Level 3 - Could supply relevant information and reasons to choose the most compelling source and to motivate choice. - Reasons are closely linked to the chosen source and are relevant to support a position. - Reasons and information is organized and shows learner understands and insight is shown.

4-5

(5x1=5) 3.2 3.2.1 Britain √, France √, Russia later Italy √ (ANY TWO) (2x1=2)

3.2.2 Central powers√ (1x1=1)

3.2.3 Narrow trenches in the ground where soldiers could hide for

protection against attacks from enemies. √√ (Any other relevant answer)

(1x2=2)

3.2.4 Primary source that was taken during the war when the event happened√√

(1x2=2)

3.2.5 This is a picture of the actual events that was taken during the

war by a firsthand eyewitness. √√

(1x2=2) 3.2.6 Their eyes were blinded during a gas attack by the

Germans√√

(1x2=2)


5

3.2.7 Mud √/ athlete's foot √, decaying corpses √ diseases√, bullet

wounds and shrapnel √ wet conditions making soldiers sick. √

(ANY TWO) (Any other relevant answer) (2x1=2) 3.2.8 The explosion of artillery stripped the leaves, branches and

bark off trees. √√

(1x2=2)

3.2.9 No. Does not show the appalling conditions that awaited he soldiers. √ The purpose of SOURCE 1A was to encourage them to join √ not to deter them. The poster shows a positive image so that men can be encouraged to join√

(3x1=3)

(18)

(35)

GRAND TOTAL: 75

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