general introduction on disaster management and disaster relief

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General Introduction on Disaster General Introduction on Disaster

Management and Disaster ReliefManagement and Disaster Relief

Dr. Li Suju

National Disaster Reduction of Center of China (NDRCC)

April 23, 2009

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Natural disaster and management system in China1

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Content

Domestic disaster relief and armed forces

3 International disaster relief

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Natural Disaster and Disaster Natural Disaster and Disaster Management System Management System

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Natural Disasters in China (1)

China has almost all kinds of natural disasters in the world except volcano.

5Typhoon

FloodFlood

Earthquake

Snow disaster

Natural Disasters in China(2)

Characteristics:Characteristics:

High frequencyHigh frequency Multiple typesMultiple types Regional discrepancyRegional discrepancy Severe lossSevere loss

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Snow disaster in 2008

During the first season in 2008, a severe snow disaster occurred in China, which affected 21 provinces and 7 provinces were affected dramatically. The direct economic loss is 151.65 billion RMB.

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Wenchuan Earthquake

Time: 14:28 Beijing Time Date: May 12, 2008 Location: Wenchuan, Sichuan

Province,China Epicenter: 31.021N, 103.367E Magnitude: 8.0M on Richter scale

From http://en.wikipedia.org/

Background map from Google.com

www.pitt.edu/~super/

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High intensity: with a magnitude of 8, and intensity of epicenter is 11 ；

Large area covered： 10 provinces and 417 counties were affected; 52 counties from Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces;

Frequent aftershock and secondary disasters: till Sep.1,more than 27,000 aftershocks occurred . Secondary disaster such as landslide （ around 15,000 ） and mudflow, quake lake (around 30 ) occurred frequently;

Difficult for disaster relief： Earthquake occurred in mountainous area where lots of life lines were destroyed and interrupted by landslide or mudflow. It is difficult for disaster relief team, good and facility to access severe affected area ；

Massive disaster loss ： death toll 69,197; missing 18,341; more than 370,000 injured（ till mid of July ） . Direct economic loss 845.1billion RMB.

Disaster Information

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National Committee for National Committee for Disaster Reduction (NCDR)Disaster Reduction (NCDR)

NCDR is the national counseling

and coordination body under the

guidance of the State Council for

emergency disaster response

and relief.

NCDR consist of 34 disaster

related member agency.

The Disaster Management System of China（ 1 ）

Disaster Management Organization Structure

国务院办公厅General Office of the State

Council

民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs

外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs

国家发改委State Development and

Reform Commission

科技部Ministry of Science and

Technology

国防科工委Commission of Science,

Technology and Industry for National Defence

公安部Ministry of Public Security

商务部Ministry of Commerce

教育部Ministry of Education

建设部Ministry of Construction

铁道部Ministry of Railways

财政部Ministry of Finance

国土资源部Ministry of Land and

Resources

水利部Ministry of Water

Resources

农业部Ministry of Agriculture

交通部Ministry of

Communications

信息产业部Ministry of Information

Industry

国家广电总局State Administration of

Ratio, Film and Television

安全监管总局Administration of Work

Safety

卫生部Ministry of Public Health

国家环保总局State Environmental

Protection Administration

中国科学院China Academy of

Science

中国地震局China Seismological

Bureau

国家统计局State Statisitics Bureau

国家林业局State Forestry Bureau

自然科学基金会The National Natural Science Foundation

国家海洋局State Bureau of Oceanic

Administration

国家测绘局State Bureau of Surveying

and Mapping

中国保监会China Insurance

Regulatory Commision

武装警察部队Chinese People’ s Armed Police Force

解放军总参谋部General Staff Headquarters

中国气象局China Meteorological

Bureau

中国科学技术协会China Society and Technology Association

中国红十字协会Red Cross Society of China

国家减灾委员会National Commission for Disaster

Reduction

办公室General Office

专家委员会Board of Experts

国家减灾中心NDRCC

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To develop and implement of the

national plan on disaster reduction

To develop the guidelines and

policies as well as activities

To propel international exchange

and cooperation in disaster

reduction

To supervise the relevant works in

the provincial levels

To organize and coordinate the

disaster relief work


The responsibilities of NCDRThe responsibilities of NCDR

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The disaster management responsibilities of the main members of NCDRThe disaster management responsibilities of the main members of NCDR

Sections The functional divisions

Ministry of Civil Affairs(National disaster reduction center)

Integrating and processing the disaster information of the member of CNCIDR Organizing and coordinating the disaster relief work. Organizing the investigation of disaster and releasing the disaster information uniformly. Managing and dividing funds and material of disaster relief and supervising their use. Organizing the donation of disaster relief. Assuming the duties of the office of the International Committee of Disaster Reduction of China.

Ministry of Finance Managing disaster relief funds among the finance budget of central government.

Ministry of Agriculture Releasing agricultural information. Instructing the reserve and allotment of some means of production such as seed, chemical fertilizer, diesel oil used for disaster relief and famine preparation.

Ministry of Water Resource Assuming the routine duties of the National Headquarters of Flood and Drought Control of China. Organizing the work of flood and drought disaster control throughout the country.

Ministry of Land Resource Organizing to monitor and control geological disasters. Organizing to compiling the plan of geological disaster prevention.

Ministry of Education In charge of the reconstruction of the schoolhouses of the middle and elementary schools.

Ministry of Health Organizing and managing the hygienic technical force all over the country to deal with great unexpected epidemic situation and control the happen and spread of epidemic situation and diseases.

China Meteorological Administration

Releasing the weather forecast and alarm; Monitoring, exploiting and protecting climate resources; Supplying the service and advices for disaster prevention and control.

Bureau of earthquake Monitoring and forecasting the seism; Reporting rapidly seism and its disaster; Organizing to investigate and assess seismic disaster.

State Forestry Administration In charge of the work of forestry hire control.


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National Disaster Reduction Center of China (NDRCC)National Disaster Reduction Center of China (NDRCC)

technical

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A 24-hour disaster monitoring platform for disaster dynamic monitoring;A 24-hour disaster monitoring platform for disaster dynamic monitoring;

Disaster information consultation, analysis and dissemination.Disaster information consultation, analysis and dissemination.

National Disaster Information Management SystemNational Disaster Information Management System

Disaster Information Management

4000

km

South China Sea Islands0 400200

km200

吉林省

辽宁省

内蒙古自治区

江西省

福建省

浙江省湖南省

广东省广西壮族自治区

安徽省

宁夏回族自治区山西省

河北省天津市

山东省

河南省陕西省

北京市

重庆市

云南省

西藏自治区

四川省

江苏省

甘肃省

黑龙江省

上海市湖北省

海南省

贵州省

青海省

新疆维吾尔自治区

台湾省

房屋倒损情况（万间）20

倒塌房屋损坏房屋

直接经济损失（亿元）

180 to 190 (1)60 to 180 (3)30 to 60 (10)0 to 30 (20)

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Flood Drill in Shannxi Province

National level emergency plan system for natural disaster reliefNational level emergency plan system for natural disaster relief

Four levels of the national emergency response

Disaster Emergency Response

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应急救助灾害应急反应流程

灾害发生

灾情管理灾区现场调查、评估灾民安置

Disaster Emergency Response

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Space technology application

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支撑层

数据层

应用层

发布层用户服务与信息发布分系统

减灾应用业务运行管理分系统

灾害监测预警分系统

灾害应急响应分系统

灾情评估分系统

决策支持分系统

遥感数据应用处理分系统

数据与数据库管理分系统

计算机业务支撑平台

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Domestic disaster relief and Domestic disaster relief and armed forcesarmed forces

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It is an important task for the armed forces to take part in national disaster relief. The PLA, PAPF and the militia are the shock force in emergency rescue and disaster relief operations.

Their main tasks for disaster relief are to rescue and evacuate disaster victims and people in danger; ensure the security of important facilities and areas; rescue and transport important materials and goods; participate in specialized operations such as rush repairs of roads, bridges and tunnels, maritime search and rescue, NBC rescue operations, epidemic control, and medical aid; eliminate or control other major dangers and disasters; and assist local governments in post-disaster reconstruction if necessary.

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In recent years the PLA has formed 19 units specialized in flood control and emergency rescue operations.

In the past two years the PLA and the PAPF have dispatched a total of 600,000 troops/time, employed 630,000 vehicles (or machines)/time of various types, mobilized 1.39 million militiamen and reservists/time, participated in over 130 disaster relief operations in cases of floods, earthquakes, snowstorms, typhoons and fires, and rescued or evacuated a total of 10 million people.

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Snow disaster and earthquake relief

In January 2008,during the freezing weather, sleet and snowstorms disaster relief stage, the PLA and the PAPF sent 224,000 troops and 1.036 million militiamen and reservists to undertake urgent, difficult, dangerous and heavy tasks, such as clearing major lines of communication, rescuing victims and restoring power supply.

For the Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12, 2008, the PLA and the PAPF deployed 146,000 troops, mobilized 75,000 militiamen and reservists, flew over 4,700 sorties/time (including the use of helicopters) and employed 533,000 vehicles/time in the relief effort. They rescued 3,338 survivors, evacuated 1.4 million local residents, and transported, airlifted and air-dropped 1.574 million tons of relief materials. They sent 210 teams of medical workers, psychotherapists, and sanitation and epidemic prevention specialists, and treated 1.367 million injured people.

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Laws, regulations and emergency plans

In June 2005, Regulations on the Participation of the People's Liberation Army in Emergency Rescue and Disaster Relief was published by State Council and CMC. The participation action for emergency rescue and disaster relief actions of PLA were regulated.

In November 2006 the CMC approved and issued the an emergency response plan aims to guide the Chinese People's Liberation Army and armed police in handling emergencies in five areas: small-scale military conflicts; local government assistance in safeguarding social stability; terrorist incidents; disaster and public security emergencies. This emergency plan is also in line with the state's general emergency response plan.

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Emergency Response Law of the People’s Republic of (Promulgation date: 08-30-2007. Effective date: 11-01-2007 ).This Law has been made to prevent and reduce the occurrences of emergency incidents, control, mitigate and eliminate the serious social damage caused by emergency incidents, standardize the emergency response activities, protect the life and property safety of the people, and maintain the national security, public safety, environment safety and social order.

National General Emergency Plan for Sudden Incidents


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Regulation on Disaster Relief. The new government regulation on disaster relief, is now being made public to solicit opinions on April 9 2009.

The new regulation regulated contingency actions, rescue and relief of general disasters.

Under the regulation, the county civil affairs department in disaster-hit areas must report the situation to the county government and the civil affairs department of higher level, within two hours after the disaster happened.

The provincial civil affairs department and Ministry of Civil Affairs must be informed if the disaster claims more than ten lives. And the ministry must report to the State Council, China's Cabinet, within two hours.

Natural disaster relief emergency response plan


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International disaster reliefInternational disaster relief

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In 23 May 2003 Algeria Earthquake, China's international search and rescue team, with 30 members and specially trained dogs assisted the disaster relief.

In Oct. 8, 2005 Pakistan earthquake, China sent a 49-member international rescue team to assist the disaster relief work.

International disaster relief activities

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International disaster relief

To enhance the cooperation on disaster relief, an agreement on mutual disaster relief among the member states of Shanghai Cooperation Organization was signed in October 2005 in Moscow.

In Nov,2006, the member countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) passed an action plan on cooperation in disaster relief. The plan, which was passed at a ministerial meeting on emergency disaster relief, sets a more specific timetable and details on cooperation between SCO member states from 2007 to 2008.

In March 2006, to propel the cooperation on disaster relief between China and Russia, a cooperation agreement on prevention and reduction emergency situation was signed between MoCA of China and Russian Federation Emergency Situation Ministry.

general introduction on disaster management and disaster relief

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