Genetic DisordersGenetic DisordersAiredale TerrierAiredale Terrier

IntroductionIntroduction

When choosing any breed of dog you must be When choosing any breed of dog you must be aware of potential health concerns aware of potential health concerns

All dogs mixes and pure bred can have health All dogs mixes and pure bred can have health concerns concerns

The more popular breeds and their mixes will The more popular breeds and their mixes will have more genetic problems listed and more have more genetic problems listed and more likely to have puppies with problems . likely to have puppies with problems .

Make sure your breeder offers a written health Make sure your breeder offers a written health guarantee good for one year.guarantee good for one year.

Have the puppy heath checked at your Have the puppy heath checked at your VeterinarianVeterinarian

Musculoskeletal DisordersMusculoskeletal Disorders

Hip dysplasiaHip dysplasia The hip joint is a "ball and socket" joint: the The hip joint is a "ball and socket" joint: the "ball" (the top part of the thigh bone or femur) fits into a "ball" (the top part of the thigh bone or femur) fits into a "socket" formed by the pelvis. If there is a loose fit "socket" formed by the pelvis. If there is a loose fit between these bones, and the ligaments which help to between these bones, and the ligaments which help to hold them together are loose, the ball may slide part way hold them together are loose, the ball may slide part way out of the socket (subluxate). With time, as this occurs out of the socket (subluxate). With time, as this occurs repeatedly, other degenerative changes in the joint occur repeatedly, other degenerative changes in the joint occur (also called osteoarthritis) and your dog will become (also called osteoarthritis) and your dog will become painful, lame and weak in the hind end.painful, lame and weak in the hind end.This disease is progressive; that is, it gets worse with This disease is progressive; that is, it gets worse with timetime

Eye DisordersEye Disorders Retinal dysplasiaRetinal dysplasia: : The condition is present from birth. At The condition is present from birth. At

3 to 4 weeks of age, the breeder may notice that 3 to 4 weeks of age, the breeder may notice that severely affected pups are less active and frequently severely affected pups are less active and frequently bump into objects. A veterinarian will be best able to bump into objects. A veterinarian will be best able to examine the pup's eyes for this condition with an examine the pup's eyes for this condition with an ophthalmoscope at 12 to 16 weeks of age, when the ophthalmoscope at 12 to 16 weeks of age, when the retina is mature.retina is mature.

Corneal dystrophyCorneal dystrophy: : an inherited abnormality that affects an inherited abnormality that affects one or more layers of the cornea. Both eyes are usually one or more layers of the cornea. Both eyes are usually affected, although not necessarily symmetrically. Chronic affected, although not necessarily symmetrically. Chronic or recurring shallow ulcers may result, depending on the or recurring shallow ulcers may result, depending on the corneal layers affectedcorneal layers affected

Eye DisordersEye Disorders Progressive retinal atrophyProgressive retinal atrophy: : deterioration of the retinal cells causes blindness. deterioration of the retinal cells causes blindness. Generalized PRA - early onset:Generalized PRA - early onset: The first sign is generally failing night vision, as The first sign is generally failing night vision, as

early as 6 weeks of age, and this progresses to complete loss of vision by about 1 - 2 early as 6 weeks of age, and this progresses to complete loss of vision by about 1 - 2 years of age. Collies may retain some vision until the age of 2 - 3 years. In miniature years of age. Collies may retain some vision until the age of 2 - 3 years. In miniature schnauzers, poor night vision usually develops later (6 months to a year) and there is schnauzers, poor night vision usually develops later (6 months to a year) and there is advanced loss of vision by 3 to 4 years. Affected Alaskan malamutes are day-blind advanced loss of vision by 3 to 4 years. Affected Alaskan malamutes are day-blind (hemeralopia) at 8 to 10 weeks of age; night vision is never affected.(hemeralopia) at 8 to 10 weeks of age; night vision is never affected.

Generalized PRA (progressive rod-cone degeneration) - late onset:Generalized PRA (progressive rod-cone degeneration) - late onset: Generally Generally night blindness is noticed between 2 and 5 years of age (depending on the breed) night blindness is noticed between 2 and 5 years of age (depending on the breed) progressing to total blindness within a year or so. Peripheral vision is lost first.progressing to total blindness within a year or so. Peripheral vision is lost first.

Central PRA (CPRA) - retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED): Central PRA (CPRA) - retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED): Loss of vision Loss of vision occurs much more slowly than in generalized PRA, without initial night blindness. occurs much more slowly than in generalized PRA, without initial night blindness. Affected dogs may not lose vision completely. Because the changes are in the centre Affected dogs may not lose vision completely. Because the changes are in the centre of the retina, affected dogs initially have trouble locating still objects in bright lightof the retina, affected dogs initially have trouble locating still objects in bright light

EntropionEntropion : : Entropion is the inward rolling of the eyelid, most commonly the lower lid. Entropion is the inward rolling of the eyelid, most commonly the lower lid. This irritates the surface of the eye (the cornea) and may ultimately cause visual This irritates the surface of the eye (the cornea) and may ultimately cause visual impairment.impairment.

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Blood DisordersBlood Disorders von Willebrand's diseasevon Willebrand's disease Von Willebrand's disease (vWD) is a common, Von Willebrand's disease (vWD) is a common,

usually mild, inherited bleeding disorder in people and in dogs. It is caused usually mild, inherited bleeding disorder in people and in dogs. It is caused by a lack of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which plays an essential role in the by a lack of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which plays an essential role in the blood clotting process.blood clotting process.

Normally the body responds to an injury causing bleeding through a Normally the body responds to an injury causing bleeding through a complex defense system. This consists of local changes in the damaged complex defense system. This consists of local changes in the damaged blood vessels, activation of blood cells called platelets, and the coagulation blood vessels, activation of blood cells called platelets, and the coagulation process. A reduction in von Willebrand factor leads to abnormal platelet process. A reduction in von Willebrand factor leads to abnormal platelet function and prolonged bleeding times. Affected dogs are prone to bleeding function and prolonged bleeding times. Affected dogs are prone to bleeding episodes, such as nose bleeds, and generally experience increased episodes, such as nose bleeds, and generally experience increased bleeding with trauma or a surgical procedure.bleeding with trauma or a surgical procedure.

Three forms of the disease are distinguished based on vWF concentration Three forms of the disease are distinguished based on vWF concentration and function. Dogs with Type I vWD (by far the most common) have mild to and function. Dogs with Type I vWD (by far the most common) have mild to moderate bleeding abnormalities, depending on the level of vWF. The much moderate bleeding abnormalities, depending on the level of vWF. The much rarer types II and III vWD cause severe bleeding disorders. rarer types II and III vWD cause severe bleeding disorders.

Cardiovascular DisordersCardiovascular Disorders Pulmonic stenosisPulmonic stenosis is a birth defect consisting of a narrowing in a region of is a birth defect consisting of a narrowing in a region of

the heart, the pulmonic valve (or adjacent area). A narrowing of the the heart, the pulmonic valve (or adjacent area). A narrowing of the pulmonic valve increases the level of strain and workload on the chamber of pulmonic valve increases the level of strain and workload on the chamber of the heart feeding into it, the right ventricle. Since normal blood flow requires the heart feeding into it, the right ventricle. Since normal blood flow requires heart valves to open fully for proper circulation, incomplete opening of the heart valves to open fully for proper circulation, incomplete opening of the pulmonic valve (the hallmark of pulmonic stenosis) creates a "logjam" effect pulmonic valve (the hallmark of pulmonic stenosis) creates a "logjam" effect that disturbs blood flow and in the worst cases, may create life-threatening that disturbs blood flow and in the worst cases, may create life-threatening symptoms. symptoms. In mild and moderate pulmonic stenosis, where there is a small or medium In mild and moderate pulmonic stenosis, where there is a small or medium degree of narrowing, respectively, the outlook for an individual dog is degree of narrowing, respectively, the outlook for an individual dog is usually good to excellent: few dogs experience problems due to their usually good to excellent: few dogs experience problems due to their pulmonic stenosis if it is mild or moderate in degree. Dogs with severe pulmonic stenosis if it is mild or moderate in degree. Dogs with severe pulmonic sytenosis, however, may develop symptoms that become life-pulmonic sytenosis, however, may develop symptoms that become life-threatening in the future. threatening in the future. Screening for pulmonic stenosis is done at an early age: 8 weeks onward. Screening for pulmonic stenosis is done at an early age: 8 weeks onward. The degree of severity of pulmonic stenosis may worsen as a puppy The degree of severity of pulmonic stenosis may worsen as a puppy reaches adulthood. Therefore, mild or moderate pulmonic stenosis in a reaches adulthood. Therefore, mild or moderate pulmonic stenosis in a puppy should be followed until the dog is 12 to 18 months of age in order to puppy should be followed until the dog is 12 to 18 months of age in order to know the final degree of seriousness of the condition. know the final degree of seriousness of the condition.

Endocrine DisordersEndocrine Disorders HypothyroidismHypothyroidism The changes due to gradually decreasing levels of circulating thyroid The changes due to gradually decreasing levels of circulating thyroid

hormone are slow and insidious. Early signs (which are usually not hormone are slow and insidious. Early signs (which are usually not recognized as being related to hypothyroidism) include lower energy levels recognized as being related to hypothyroidism) include lower energy levels and increased susceptibility to infections. As the disease progresses, you and increased susceptibility to infections. As the disease progresses, you will likely notice changes in your dog's hair coat - symmetrical hair loss with will likely notice changes in your dog's hair coat - symmetrical hair loss with or without darkening of the skin, and dry or greasy hair. Other signs of or without darkening of the skin, and dry or greasy hair. Other signs of hypothyroidism include a slow heart rate, lethargy, mental dullness, hypothyroidism include a slow heart rate, lethargy, mental dullness, intolerance to cold, infertility in males and females, constipation, and weight intolerance to cold, infertility in males and females, constipation, and weight gain. Less commonly, a dog with hypothyroidism may experience heart gain. Less commonly, a dog with hypothyroidism may experience heart disease, a bleeding disorder, profound muscular weakness associated with disease, a bleeding disorder, profound muscular weakness associated with abnormalities in the muscles or nerves, or another endocrine disorder such abnormalities in the muscles or nerves, or another endocrine disorder such as diabetes mellitus.as diabetes mellitus.

Congenital hypothyroidismCongenital hypothyroidismThyroid hormones are essential for normal growth and maturation of the Thyroid hormones are essential for normal growth and maturation of the nervous and skeletal systems. Puppies with congenital hypothyroidism will nervous and skeletal systems. Puppies with congenital hypothyroidism will have stunted growth as well as many other abnormalities. Severely affected have stunted growth as well as many other abnormalities. Severely affected puppies most likely die before weaning.puppies most likely die before weaning.

Nervous System DisordersNervous System Disorders Cerebellar abiotrophy(ataxia)Cerebellar abiotrophy(ataxia) Because the cerebellum Because the cerebellum

regulates the control and coordination of voluntary regulates the control and coordination of voluntary movement, the clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction movement, the clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction may include poor balance, a wide-based stance (feet may include poor balance, a wide-based stance (feet planted far apart), stiff or high-stepping gait, apparent planted far apart), stiff or high-stepping gait, apparent lack of awareness of where the feet are (standing or lack of awareness of where the feet are (standing or walking with a foot knuckled over), and head or body walking with a foot knuckled over), and head or body tremors. Signs may appear at birth or later (as listed tremors. Signs may appear at birth or later (as listed below) and worsen either quickly or slowly. Affected below) and worsen either quickly or slowly. Affected dogs may become unable to climb stairs or stand without dogs may become unable to climb stairs or stand without support. They have normal mental alertness.support. They have normal mental alertness.Where other regions of the brain are also affected, you Where other regions of the brain are also affected, you may see signs such as behaviour change (loss of house may see signs such as behaviour change (loss of house training, aggression), confusion, blindness, and seizures.training, aggression), confusion, blindness, and seizures.

Airedales have 9 health concerns Disorders relatively common in this breed are : Hip Dysplasia

Note above disorder(s) is very common in this breed. Do not take lightly the other disorders. Some are very serious .

Information for this presentation as a public service provided by: www.delayrekennel.com with information provided by :

A joint initiative of the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, and the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association..

Permission is granted to reprint pages from the database, provided that credit is given as follows: Crook A et al. 2011. Canine Inherited Disorders Database

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About the PresenterAbout the Presenter Member of the Canine Ambassador Program with Orange Empire Member of the Canine Ambassador Program with Orange Empire

Dog Club. Educating people in the joy canines bring into our lives Dog Club. Educating people in the joy canines bring into our lives through their relationship, interaction, and unconditional love. through their relationship, interaction, and unconditional love.

Pet Professional specializing in the training of puppies in Sun Valley Pet Professional specializing in the training of puppies in Sun Valley since 1974 . since 1974 .

Breeder of Silky Terriers and Wire Fox TerriersBreeder of Silky Terriers and Wire Fox Terriers My boarding, training and breeding kennel was awarded Small My boarding, training and breeding kennel was awarded Small

Business of the Year 2000 Business of the Year 2000 Better Business Bureau A+ rating Better Business Bureau A+ rating I have owned and/or bred 21 Conformation Champions including 6 I have owned and/or bred 21 Conformation Champions including 6

International Champions International Champions Member and former Vice President of the City of Angels Silky Member and former Vice President of the City of Angels Silky

Terrier ClubTerrier Club Past President of Sun Valley Chamber of CommercePast President of Sun Valley Chamber of Commerce Have also served on the boards of Associated Terrier Breeders, Have also served on the boards of Associated Terrier Breeders,

Animal Safe Haven Foundation, United Chambers of CommerceAnimal Safe Haven Foundation, United Chambers of Commerce