Genetic DisordersGenetic Disorders

Toy Poodle Toy Poodle

Introduction Introduction

When choosing any breed of dog you must be aware of When choosing any breed of dog you must be aware of potential health concerns potential health concerns All dogs mixes and pure bred can have health concerns All dogs mixes and pure bred can have health concerns The more popular breeds and their mixes will have more The more popular breeds and their mixes will have more genetic problems listed and more likely to have puppies genetic problems listed and more likely to have puppies with problems . with problems . Although more serious in dogs under 6 lbs all sizes of Although more serious in dogs under 6 lbs all sizes of Toy Poodles can have any of these health concerns. Toy Poodles can have any of these health concerns. Make sure your breeder offers a written health guarantee Make sure your breeder offers a written health guarantee good for one year.good for one year.Have the puppy heath checked at your Veterinarian.Have the puppy heath checked at your Veterinarian.

Musculoskeletal DisordersMusculoskeletal Disorders

Patellar luxationPatellar luxation: Slipping kneecap. Should : Slipping kneecap. Should be noticeable puppy vet check prior to sale be noticeable puppy vet check prior to sale

Legg-Calvé-Perthes diseaseLegg-Calvé-Perthes disease : : This is a This is a disease of the hip joint in young (4 to 12 disease of the hip joint in young (4 to 12 months), small-breed dogs.months), small-breed dogs.

Eye DisordersEye DisordersRetinal dysplasiaRetinal dysplasia: : The condition is present from birth. At 3 to 4 weeks of The condition is present from birth. At 3 to 4 weeks of age, the breeder may notice that severely affected pups are less active and age, the breeder may notice that severely affected pups are less active and frequently bump into objects. A veterinarian will be best able to examine the frequently bump into objects. A veterinarian will be best able to examine the pup's eyes for this condition with an ophthalmoscope at 12 to 16 weeks of pup's eyes for this condition with an ophthalmoscope at 12 to 16 weeks of age, when the retina is mature.age, when the retina is mature.

CataractsCataracts: : Can be congenital, juvenile or as a result of old age Can be congenital, juvenile or as a result of old age

Corneal dystrophyCorneal dystrophy: : an inherited abnormality that affects one or more layers an inherited abnormality that affects one or more layers of the cornea. Both eyes are usually affected, although not necessarily of the cornea. Both eyes are usually affected, although not necessarily symmetrically. Chronic or recurring shallow ulcers may result, depending on symmetrically. Chronic or recurring shallow ulcers may result, depending on the corneal layers affectedthe corneal layers affected

EntropionEntropion : : Entropion is the inward rolling of the eyelid, most commonly the Entropion is the inward rolling of the eyelid, most commonly the lower lid. This irritates the surface of the eye (the cornea) and may lower lid. This irritates the surface of the eye (the cornea) and may ultimately cause visual impairmentultimately cause visual impairment

Eye DisordersEye DisordersProgressive retinal atrophyProgressive retinal atrophy: : deterioration of the retinal cells causes blindness. deterioration of the retinal cells causes blindness. Generalized PRA - early onset:Generalized PRA - early onset: The first sign is generally failing night vision, as early as 6 The first sign is generally failing night vision, as early as 6 weeks of age, and this progresses to complete loss of vision by about 1 - 2 years of age. weeks of age, and this progresses to complete loss of vision by about 1 - 2 years of age. Collies may retain some vision until the age of 2 - 3 years. In miniature schnauzers, poor night Collies may retain some vision until the age of 2 - 3 years. In miniature schnauzers, poor night vision usually develops later (6 months to a year) and there is advanced loss of vision by 3 to 4 vision usually develops later (6 months to a year) and there is advanced loss of vision by 3 to 4 years. Affected Alaskan malamutes are day-blind (hemeralopia) at 8 to 10 weeks of age; night years. Affected Alaskan malamutes are day-blind (hemeralopia) at 8 to 10 weeks of age; night vision is never affected.vision is never affected.

Generalized PRA (progressive rod-cone degeneration) - late onset:Generalized PRA (progressive rod-cone degeneration) - late onset: Generally night Generally night blindness is noticed between 2 and 5 years of age (depending on the breed) progressing to blindness is noticed between 2 and 5 years of age (depending on the breed) progressing to total blindness within a year or so. Peripheral vision is lost first.total blindness within a year or so. Peripheral vision is lost first.

Central PRA (CPRA) - retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED): Central PRA (CPRA) - retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED): Loss of vision occurs Loss of vision occurs much more slowly than in generalized PRA, without initial night blindness. Affected dogs may much more slowly than in generalized PRA, without initial night blindness. Affected dogs may not lose vision completely. Because the changes are in the centre of the retina, affected dogs not lose vision completely. Because the changes are in the centre of the retina, affected dogs initially have trouble locating still objects in bright light. initially have trouble locating still objects in bright light.

GlaucomaGlaucoma is a leading cause of blindness in dogs. It is the result of increased fluid is a leading cause of blindness in dogs. It is the result of increased fluid pressure within the eye (elevated intraocular pressure or IOP). If the pressure can not be pressure within the eye (elevated intraocular pressure or IOP). If the pressure can not be reduced, there will be permanent damage to the retina and optic nerve resulting in visual reduced, there will be permanent damage to the retina and optic nerve resulting in visual impairment. Complete blindness can occur within 24 hours if the IOP is extremely impairment. Complete blindness can occur within 24 hours if the IOP is extremely elevated or can occur slowly over weeks or months if the elevation is mild. Glaucoma is elevated or can occur slowly over weeks or months if the elevation is mild. Glaucoma is usually very painful. It is considered a medical emergency Unfortunately it is not usually usually very painful. It is considered a medical emergency Unfortunately it is not usually apparent until dogs reach 3 year of age .apparent until dogs reach 3 year of age .

Eye Disorders Eye Disorders Eyelash abnormalitiesEyelash abnormalities Normally the eyelashes (or cilia) grow from Normally the eyelashes (or cilia) grow from follicles in the eyelid. Abnormalities of the eyelash are a common follicles in the eyelid. Abnormalities of the eyelash are a common hereditary problem in dogs. The three types are:hereditary problem in dogs. The three types are:distichiasis, in which extra eyelashes grow from abnormal follicles distichiasis, in which extra eyelashes grow from abnormal follicles located on the inside edge of the eyelid. They may be singular or located on the inside edge of the eyelid. They may be singular or multiple. multiple.

ectopic cilia, in which the extra eyelash grows through the eyelid to ectopic cilia, in which the extra eyelash grows through the eyelid to the inside.One or more ectopic cilia may be present. the inside.One or more ectopic cilia may be present.

trichiasis, in which eyelashes growing from normal sites turn inward. trichiasis, in which eyelashes growing from normal sites turn inward. The eyelashes are often abnormally long.The eyelashes are often abnormally long.

Microphthalmia; ocular dysgenesisMicrophthalmia; ocular dysgenesis Affected dogs have prominent third Affected dogs have prominent third eyelids and small eyes which appear recessed in the eye socket eyelids and small eyes which appear recessed in the eye socket (enophthalmos). A defect early in development results in the smaller (enophthalmos). A defect early in development results in the smaller than normal eye (microphthalmia).This is often associated with other than normal eye (microphthalmia).This is often associated with other eye abnormalities, including defects of the cornea, anterior chamber, eye abnormalities, including defects of the cornea, anterior chamber, lens and/or retina. Microphthalmia is also seen with coloboma - a cleft lens and/or retina. Microphthalmia is also seen with coloboma - a cleft in a portion of the eye, particularly the iris.in a portion of the eye, particularly the iris.

Eye DisordersEye Disorders

Optic nerve hypoplasia and micropapillaOptic nerve hypoplasia and micropapilla Optic nerve hypoplasia is Optic nerve hypoplasia is an uncommon defect in which the optic nerve fails to develop an uncommon defect in which the optic nerve fails to develop normally, leading to blindness. One or both eyes may be affected. normally, leading to blindness. One or both eyes may be affected. Micropapilla refers to a smaller than normal optic disc, and is not Micropapilla refers to a smaller than normal optic disc, and is not associated with loss of sight. associated with loss of sight.

Blood DisordersBlood DisordersImmune-mediated thrombocytopeniaImmune-mediated thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia means a reduction in Thrombocytopenia means a reduction in platelets (thrombocytes). Platelets (one of the cell types in the blood) play platelets (thrombocytes). Platelets (one of the cell types in the blood) play an important role in the clotting process; thus the main result of a decrease an important role in the clotting process; thus the main result of a decrease in platelets is increased bleeding - for example, nosebleeds.in platelets is increased bleeding - for example, nosebleeds.In immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT), the reduction happens In immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT), the reduction happens because there is increased destruction of platelets by the body's own because there is increased destruction of platelets by the body's own immune system, at a rate faster than they are produced in the bone marrow. immune system, at a rate faster than they are produced in the bone marrow. IMT may be secondary to some other process (such as an infection, tumor, IMT may be secondary to some other process (such as an infection, tumor, or drug reaction) or it may be primary, meaning that no other causative or drug reaction) or it may be primary, meaning that no other causative factor can be found. It is more common in certain breeds, suggesting an factor can be found. It is more common in certain breeds, suggesting an inherited genetic susceptibility. IMT may occur by itself or with other inherited genetic susceptibility. IMT may occur by itself or with other conditions like conditions like systemic lupus erythematosussystemic lupus erythematosus and and immune-mediated hemolytic anemiaimmune-mediated hemolytic anemia..The main problem for dogs affected by IMT is increased bleeding. Your dog may The main problem for dogs affected by IMT is increased bleeding. Your dog may have nosebleeds, bruising on the gums or skin, and/or blood in the stool or urine have nosebleeds, bruising on the gums or skin, and/or blood in the stool or urine (seen as a darker than normal color). Your dog may also appear weak or (seen as a darker than normal color). Your dog may also appear weak or lethargic.lethargic.Many dogs with IMT experience only one episode of thrombocytopenia, and Many dogs with IMT experience only one episode of thrombocytopenia, and respond well to treatment. Some dogs will have occasional relapses, which respond well to treatment. Some dogs will have occasional relapses, which may be associated with stressors such as another illness, or travel. may be associated with stressors such as another illness, or travel. Unfortunately some dogs with this disorder die acutely because of severe Unfortunately some dogs with this disorder die acutely because of severe internal bleeding.internal bleeding.

Nervous System DisordersNervous System DisordersHydrocephalusHydrocephalus: : an abnormal build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an abnormal build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in cavities in the brain (the ventricles). This results in increased pressure on cavities in the brain (the ventricles). This results in increased pressure on the brain. Puppies with severe hydrocephalus often die at a very early age the brain. Puppies with severe hydrocephalus often die at a very early age due to pressure from the increased fluid in the brain. In other less severely due to pressure from the increased fluid in the brain. In other less severely affected pups, the signs gradually become apparent over the first few affected pups, the signs gradually become apparent over the first few months of life, and in some mild cases the condition is only diagnosed later months of life, and in some mild cases the condition is only diagnosed later in life. in life. The types of signs seen with this condition include lack of thriftiness (smaller The types of signs seen with this condition include lack of thriftiness (smaller than littermates, slow to grow), a domed skull (which gradually becomes than littermates, slow to grow), a domed skull (which gradually becomes more pronounced), abnormal movement behaviour (e.g., restlessness, more pronounced), abnormal movement behaviour (e.g., restlessness, aimless walking), problems with vision, and seizures. These pups are very aimless walking), problems with vision, and seizures. These pups are very slow to learn - it may be extremely difficult to housetrain them for example, slow to learn - it may be extremely difficult to housetrain them for example, or they may lose their housetraining.or they may lose their housetraining.

Generally the signs gradually worsen, although by 2 years of age they may Generally the signs gradually worsen, although by 2 years of age they may stabilize. To minimize brain damage, the condition must be recognized and stabilize. To minimize brain damage, the condition must be recognized and appropriate treatment begun early. However, affected animals will likely appropriate treatment begun early. However, affected animals will likely always be slow and have a limited ability to learn.always be slow and have a limited ability to learn.

Nervous System DisordersNervous System DisordersIdiopathic epilepsyIdiopathic epilepsy the term used for recurrent seizures where no underlying disease the term used for recurrent seizures where no underlying disease process can be identified as the cause. process can be identified as the cause. The effects of a seizure depend on the part of the brain involved. Typically there The effects of a seizure depend on the part of the brain involved. Typically there is a change in behaviour (eg. confusion, fear, rage), consciousness (the animal is a change in behaviour (eg. confusion, fear, rage), consciousness (the animal may or may not lose consciousness), motor activity (rigid or jerky muscle may or may not lose consciousness), motor activity (rigid or jerky muscle spasms, or paddling), and autonomic activity (salivation, urination, and spasms, or paddling), and autonomic activity (salivation, urination, and defecation). Changes in sensory function may lead to pawing at the face, tail defecation). Changes in sensory function may lead to pawing at the face, tail chasing, or biting at part of the body or the air.chasing, or biting at part of the body or the air.Seizures may be partial or generalized, and mild or severe (grand mal). A dog Seizures may be partial or generalized, and mild or severe (grand mal). A dog experiencing a mild generalized seizure might be confused, show weakness experiencing a mild generalized seizure might be confused, show weakness and some muscle tremors, and look to the owner for reassurance. A dog in a and some muscle tremors, and look to the owner for reassurance. A dog in a grand mal seizure will be unconscious, with rigid or jerking limbs, and grand mal seizure will be unconscious, with rigid or jerking limbs, and involuntary salivation, urination, and defecation.involuntary salivation, urination, and defecation.Seizures vary in frequency as well, from very occasional to almost constant. Seizures vary in frequency as well, from very occasional to almost constant. Status epileptics is a series of seizures in rapid succession, or 1 continuous Status epileptics is a series of seizures in rapid succession, or 1 continuous seizure. This is a medical emergency which requires immediate veterinary seizure. This is a medical emergency which requires immediate veterinary attention.attention.It is common for a dog to show a change in behaviour such as hiding or It is common for a dog to show a change in behaviour such as hiding or attention-seeking for hours or even days before a seizure (called the prod Rome attention-seeking for hours or even days before a seizure (called the prod Rome or aura). Abnormal behaviour associated with fatigue, depression, hunger, or aura). Abnormal behaviour associated with fatigue, depression, hunger, thirst, or hyperactivity may last for days afterward (post-octal phase).thirst, or hyperactivity may last for days afterward (post-octal phase).

Nervous System DisordersNervous System Disorders

DeafnessDeafness Pups lose their hearing a few to several weeks after Pups lose their hearing a few to several weeks after birth. Signs of bilateral deafness may include aggressive play birth. Signs of bilateral deafness may include aggressive play because the deaf pup does not hear cries of pain from because the deaf pup does not hear cries of pain from littermates, and having to be jostled to waken. Unilateral littermates, and having to be jostled to waken. Unilateral deafness is much harder to spot.deafness is much harder to spot.If your dog is deaf in only 1 ear, you will likely not even be If your dog is deaf in only 1 ear, you will likely not even be aware of it. In training sessions, you may notice that your dog aware of it. In training sessions, you may notice that your dog responds better to hand signals than verbal cues.responds better to hand signals than verbal cues.One-sided deafness is generally not a problem. However it is One-sided deafness is generally not a problem. However it is much more difficult for bilaterally deaf dogs to lead a normal much more difficult for bilaterally deaf dogs to lead a normal lifelife

Breeding stock should be tested by the BAER test before being Breeding stock should be tested by the BAER test before being used for breeding, and pups should be tested before being used for breeding, and pups should be tested before being sold. Hearing loss, if present, is complete - that is the dog sold. Hearing loss, if present, is complete - that is the dog either has normal hearing, or is totally deaf in 1 or both ears.either has normal hearing, or is totally deaf in 1 or both ears.

Reproductive and Urinary Reproductive and Urinary DisordersDisorders

CryptorchidismCryptorchidism: : Cryptorchidism means Cryptorchidism means that one or both of a dog's testicles have that one or both of a dog's testicles have not descended into the scrotumnot descended into the scrotum

Skin DisordersSkin Disorders

congenital hypotrichosiscongenital hypotrichosis Dogs with this condition have hair Dogs with this condition have hair loss at birth or by a few months of age, due to faulty loss at birth or by a few months of age, due to faulty development or a complete absence of some or all of the development or a complete absence of some or all of the hair follicles from which the hairs normally grow. In some hair follicles from which the hairs normally grow. In some dogs other structures such as the sweat glands or the teeth dogs other structures such as the sweat glands or the teeth are affected as well The hairless (or alopecic) areas are are affected as well The hairless (or alopecic) areas are commonly the head, ears and abdomen. Where hair loss is commonly the head, ears and abdomen. Where hair loss is more general, there is usually only minimal hair remaining more general, there is usually only minimal hair remaining on the very top of the head, and at the end of the tail and on the very top of the head, and at the end of the tail and legs. This is similar to the pattern of hair growth in dogs that legs. This is similar to the pattern of hair growth in dogs that are bred to be hairless.are bred to be hairless.This condition does not affect your dog's general health. This condition does not affect your dog's general health. Over time, the skin often becomes darkened and seborrheic Over time, the skin often becomes darkened and seborrheic (greasy, scaly and malodorous). Dogs with pale skin will be (greasy, scaly and malodorous). Dogs with pale skin will be more susceptible to environmental damage, particularly more susceptible to environmental damage, particularly frostbite or sunburn frostbite or sunburn

Skin DisordersSkin Disorders

sebaceous adenitissebaceous adenitis This is a perplexing condition in which the This is a perplexing condition in which the sebaceous glands in the skin become inflamed for unknown sebaceous glands in the skin become inflamed for unknown reasons, and are eventually destroyed. These glands normally reasons, and are eventually destroyed. These glands normally produce sebum, a fatty secretion that helps prevent drying of the produce sebum, a fatty secretion that helps prevent drying of the skin.skin.This disorder requires long term management, which can be This disorder requires long term management, which can be frustrating for both owners and veterinarians because the response frustrating for both owners and veterinarians because the response to treatment is highly variable. There may be periods of to treatment is highly variable. There may be periods of spontaneous improvement or worsening of the condition, spontaneous improvement or worsening of the condition, independent of treatment.independent of treatment.Your veterinarian will likely try a combination of approaches, to Your veterinarian will likely try a combination of approaches, to determine with you what will be most effective for your dog. Most determine with you what will be most effective for your dog. Most important is the regular use of anti-seborrheic shampoos to remove important is the regular use of anti-seborrheic shampoos to remove scales and dead hair, together with fatty acid dietary supplements. scales and dead hair, together with fatty acid dietary supplements. This may be all that is required in mildly affected dogs. Additional This may be all that is required in mildly affected dogs. Additional treatments include spraying the dog with a mixture of propylene treatments include spraying the dog with a mixture of propylene glycol and water to help restore lubricants to the skin and the use of glycol and water to help restore lubricants to the skin and the use of oral essential fatty acidsoral essential fatty acids

Respiratory DisordersRespiratory Disorders

Tracheal collapseTracheal collapse: : Tracheal collapse is a Tracheal collapse is a narrowing of the inner diameter of the trachea, narrowing of the inner diameter of the trachea, that fluctuates with the stage of the respiratory that fluctuates with the stage of the respiratory cycle. The rings of the trachea (made of cycle. The rings of the trachea (made of cartilage) lose their ability to maintain their cartilage) lose their ability to maintain their shape, and collapse when the dog breathes, shape, and collapse when the dog breathes, causing a harsh cough. Most often this disorder causing a harsh cough. Most often this disorder is seen in middle-aged toy and miniature breeds. is seen in middle-aged toy and miniature breeds. Chronic respiratory infection, obesity, and heart Chronic respiratory infection, obesity, and heart disease can all contribute to the development of disease can all contribute to the development of the condition, but it appears that there is also a the condition, but it appears that there is also a congenital deficiency (ie. a dog is born with it) in congenital deficiency (ie. a dog is born with it) in the make-up of the trachea itself.the make-up of the trachea itself.

Heart DisordersHeart DisordersTetralogy of FallotTetralogy of Fallot is a rare but potentially very serious combination of is a rare but potentially very serious combination of defects in the heart that arise when the puppy is still growing as a fetus in defects in the heart that arise when the puppy is still growing as a fetus in the dam (mother). As the "tetra-" component of the name implies, tetralogy the dam (mother). As the "tetra-" component of the name implies, tetralogy of Fallot consists of 4 defects inside the heart.. of Fallot consists of 4 defects inside the heart.. In pulmonic stenosis, there is partial obstruction of blood flow from the In pulmonic stenosis, there is partial obstruction of blood flow from the right side of the heart through the pulmonic valve. Because of the right side of the heart through the pulmonic valve. Because of the obstruction, the right side of the heart has to work harder to pump blood to obstruction, the right side of the heart has to work harder to pump blood to the lungs. Causing an increase in the mass of the heart muscle, or right the lungs. Causing an increase in the mass of the heart muscle, or right ventricular hypertrophy, .ventricular hypertrophy, .A ventricular septal defect is a defect or hole in the muscular wall of the A ventricular septal defect is a defect or hole in the muscular wall of the heart (the septum) that separates the right and left ventricles. This heart (the septum) that separates the right and left ventricles. This communication between two parts of the heart that are supposed to be communication between two parts of the heart that are supposed to be separate is inefficient, causing an increase in workload of the heart.separate is inefficient, causing an increase in workload of the heart.Dextroaorta, or overriding aorta, diverts unoxygenated blood away from Dextroaorta, or overriding aorta, diverts unoxygenated blood away from the lungs, where it should go to be oxygenated, and out to the body's the lungs, where it should go to be oxygenated, and out to the body's tissues. A dog with tetralogy of Fallot has tissues that exist in a state of tissues. A dog with tetralogy of Fallot has tissues that exist in a state of constant oxygen deprivation, which explains the exercise intolerance and constant oxygen deprivation, which explains the exercise intolerance and poor stamina commonly seen with this heart condition.poor stamina commonly seen with this heart condition.The result of the defects that make up tetralogy of Fallot is that the heart is The result of the defects that make up tetralogy of Fallot is that the heart is forced to work harder than normal during every heartbeat, and poorly forced to work harder than normal during every heartbeat, and poorly oxygenated blood is delivered to the tissues of the body.oxygenated blood is delivered to the tissues of the body.

Heart DisordersHeart Disorders

Patent ductus arteriosusPatent ductus arteriosus Where the ductus arteriosus does not Where the ductus arteriosus does not close within 24-48 hours after birth, the dog is left with a patent close within 24-48 hours after birth, the dog is left with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). PDA causes unnecessary recirculation of ductus arteriosus (PDA). PDA causes unnecessary recirculation of blood through the heart, greatly increasing the workload of the heart blood through the heart, greatly increasing the workload of the heart and potentially causing terminal heart failure in time if the PDA is not and potentially causing terminal heart failure in time if the PDA is not closed via surgeryclosed via surgery

Mitral valve dysplasiaMitral valve dysplasia The term "mitral valve dysplasia" refers to The term "mitral valve dysplasia" refers to this exact situation, where from the moment a pup is born, its mitral this exact situation, where from the moment a pup is born, its mitral valve does not seal properly, and therefore imposes an increased valve does not seal properly, and therefore imposes an increased workload on the heartworkload on the heart A mild degree of mitral valve A mild degree of mitral valve dysplasia usually means no symptoms and a normal life, dysplasia usually means no symptoms and a normal life, whereas severe mitral valve dysplasia can produce life-whereas severe mitral valve dysplasia can produce life-threatening symptoms even in the first year of lifethreatening symptoms even in the first year of life. .

Endocrine DisordersEndocrine Disorders

Diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus In dogs with the most severe form of inherited In dogs with the most severe form of inherited diabetes mellitus, signs are usually apparent by 6 months of diabetes mellitus, signs are usually apparent by 6 months of age. Pups drink and eat more than normal, and yet grow very age. Pups drink and eat more than normal, and yet grow very slowly. They urinate frequently, and their stools are soft.slowly. They urinate frequently, and their stools are soft.In other dogs, diabetes mellitus does not develop until middle In other dogs, diabetes mellitus does not develop until middle age. The signs of uncomplicated diabetes are typical - age. The signs of uncomplicated diabetes are typical - increased eating, drinking, and urination, with weight loss - all increased eating, drinking, and urination, with weight loss - all of which are a result of increased levels of glucose in the blood of which are a result of increased levels of glucose in the blood and urine. Over the long term, this can lead to the development and urine. Over the long term, this can lead to the development of cataracts, increased susceptibiIity to bacterial infections of cataracts, increased susceptibiIity to bacterial infections (especially of the urinary tract), liver disease, and pancreatitis. (especially of the urinary tract), liver disease, and pancreatitis. Eventually, untreated diabetic dogs will develop ketoacidosis, a Eventually, untreated diabetic dogs will develop ketoacidosis, a very serious condition. Signs of ketoacidosis include very serious condition. Signs of ketoacidosis include depression, weakness, vomiting, and irregular breathing depression, weakness, vomiting, and irregular breathing patterns.patterns.

Endocrine DisordersEndocrine Disorders

HyperadrenocorticismHyperadrenocorticism . . Hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing's Hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing's syndrome, is a common endocrine disorder in syndrome, is a common endocrine disorder in dogs. The clinical signs are caused by an dogs. The clinical signs are caused by an excess of cortisol (the body's form of cortisone). excess of cortisol (the body's form of cortisone). This occurs because of increased secretion of This occurs because of increased secretion of cortisol by the adrenal glands in response to an cortisol by the adrenal glands in response to an abnormality in the pituitary gland in the brain, or abnormality in the pituitary gland in the brain, or because of a tumor in the adrenal glands because of a tumor in the adrenal glands themselves. Cushing's syndrome is more themselves. Cushing's syndrome is more common in certain breeds, usually in dogs that common in certain breeds, usually in dogs that are 6 years of age or older.are 6 years of age or older.

Endocrine DisordersEndocrine Disorders

Growth hormone-responsive dermatosis; adrenal sex Growth hormone-responsive dermatosis; adrenal sex hormone responsive dermatosishormone responsive dermatosis This condition is more This condition is more common in male dogs between 1 and 5 years of age, common in male dogs between 1 and 5 years of age, with hair loss usually starting at puberty. Adrenal with hair loss usually starting at puberty. Adrenal sex-hormone dermatosis is seen in males and sex-hormone dermatosis is seen in males and females, either neutered or intact.females, either neutered or intact.Hair loss (called alopecia) is symmetrical over the Hair loss (called alopecia) is symmetrical over the trunk of the dog and the skin is markedly darker in trunk of the dog and the skin is markedly darker in color due to increased pigmentation. Without color due to increased pigmentation. Without treatment, hairlessness and hyperpigmentation will treatment, hairlessness and hyperpigmentation will eventually spread over your dog's body except for eventually spread over your dog's body except for head and feet. The condition does not affect the head and feet. The condition does not affect the health of your dog, only his/her appearance.health of your dog, only his/her appearance.

In Conclusion In Conclusion Toy Poodles have 25 health concerns Disorders relatively common in this breed are : patellar luxation .

Note above disorder(s) is very common in this breed. Do not take lightly the other disorders. Some are very serious .

Information for this presentation as a public service provided by: www.delayrekennel.com with information provided by :

A joint initiative of the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre at the Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, and the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association..

Permission is granted to reprint pages from the database, provided that credit is given as follows: Crook A et al. 2011. Canine Inherited Disorders Database

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About the PresenterAbout the Presenter

Member of the Canine Ambassador Program with Orange Empire Member of the Canine Ambassador Program with Orange Empire Dog Club. Educating people in the joy canines bring into our lives Dog Club. Educating people in the joy canines bring into our lives through their relationship, interaction, and unconditional love. through their relationship, interaction, and unconditional love. Pet Professional specializing in the training of puppies in Sun Valley Pet Professional specializing in the training of puppies in Sun Valley since 1974 . since 1974 . Breeder of Silky Terriers and Wire Fox TerriersBreeder of Silky Terriers and Wire Fox TerriersMy boarding, training and breeding kennel was awarded Small My boarding, training and breeding kennel was awarded Small Business of the Year 2000 Business of the Year 2000 Better Business Bureau A+ rating Better Business Bureau A+ rating I have owned and/or bred 21 Conformation Champions including 6 I have owned and/or bred 21 Conformation Champions including 6 International Champions International Champions Member and former Vice President of the City of Angels Silky Member and former Vice President of the City of Angels Silky Terrier ClubTerrier ClubPast President of Sun Valley Chamber of CommercePast President of Sun Valley Chamber of CommerceHave also served on the boards of Associated Terrier Breeders, Have also served on the boards of Associated Terrier Breeders, Animal Safe Haven Foundation, United Chambers of CommerceAnimal Safe Haven Foundation, United Chambers of Commerce