genetic engineering. what is this? do you hear what i hear?
TRANSCRIPT
Genetic Engineering
What Is This?
• Do you hear what I hear?
Selective Breeding• Allowing only those animals with
desired characteristics to produce the next generation
• Humans use selective breeding to pass desired traits on to the next generation of organisms
• Inbreeding- develop pure lines
• Hybrid- usually bigger and stronger
Examples of Selective Breeding
Genetic Engineering
• Transgenic organisms contain recombinant DNA (foreign DNA)
• 3 Step Process
–1. Isolate - cleave via restriction enzymes
–2. Attach – “sticky ends”
–3. Transfer – vector, usually bacterial DNA
Tobacco with “Firefly DNA”
Gel Electrophoresis
DNA Sequencing
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Applications of DNA Technology or Biotechnology
• Cloning• Recombinant DNA in technology,
medicine, and agriculture• Transgenic organisms• Gene therapy
–Sheep alpha-1 antitrypsin for treatment of emphysema
–Goats CFTR protein for treatment of Cystic Fibrosis
Transgenic Animals• Transgenic livestock have been
produced with extra copies of growth hormone genes
• Such animals grow faster and produce meat that is less fatty than that from ordinary animals
• Efforts are now underway to produce transgenic chickens that will be resistant to the bacterial infections that sometimes cause food poisoning
Transgenic Plants
• (2000) 52 % of the soybeans and 25 % of the corn grown in the United States were transgenic
• Many contain genes that produce a natural insecticide, so the crops do not have to be sprayed with synthetic pesticides
• Others have genes that enable them to resist weed-killing chemicals
Cloned Animals
Gene Therapy
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