Genetics

Textbook: Biology11 Chapter 4

Heredity

Gregor Mendel Austrian monk (1822-

1884) Worked with pea

plant Readily

distinguishable characteristics

Short generation time Easy to control

pollination

Reproductive       

structures offlowers                                                                   

http://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/mendel_1.htm

transfer pollen from pollen

parent to seed parent

http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/genetics.htm

http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/heredity.htm

Monohybrid Cross (p.3 and 132-137)Tall x Small (homozygous)

http://www.geneticfutures.com/thegift/info/sheet1.asp

The 3 Mendel’s laws (p.2) Mendel's first law (also called the

law of segregation) states that during the formation of gametes (reproductive cells), pairs of allele for a specific trait separate so that offspring receive one factor from each parent.

Mendel’s second law (p.6) Mendel's second law (also called

the law of independent assortment) states that the distribution of alleles for one trait that occurs during the formation of gametes (meiosis) does not affect the distribution of alleles for other traits.

Mendel’s third law Mendel's third law (also called the

law of dominance) states that one of the genes for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive.

Practice makes perfect Bio 11 p. 137 #1 And genetics worksheet 1

Test Cross: To determine the genotype of a dominant phenotype (p.4)

Practice makes perfect Do genetics worksheet 2 And p. 137-138 # 2 & 4 And p. 140 #5

Dihybrid CrossAnd now, the fun part, the F2 generation

Dihybrid cross (answers for p.5 of booklet)

http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/heredity.htm

Practice makes perfect Do genetics worksheet 3 Lab: Genetics of Corn Lab: Virtual Fruit Fly

Multiple alleles (p.6) More than 2 alleles Ex: eye colour of fruit flies

wild type(red) > apricot > honey > white Phenotype genotype

wild type ___apricot ___ honey ___white ___

Multiple alleles (p.6) Exercice E1E4 x E2E3 (red x

apricot)

Incomplete dominance (p.7, 144-145)

Ex: Colour of snapdragons’ flowers Red x White CRCR x CWCW (do Punnett square) Ratio

F2?

Co-dominance (p.9) Another form of incomplete dominance. Ex: red, white, roan cow, ABO blood

groups Alleles: IA, IA, i Group A: antigen ___ : ____ or ____ Group B: antigen ___ : ____ or ____ Group AB: antigen ___ : ____ Group O: antigen ___ : ____

Co-dominance: try this Mother is A Baby is AB Man is O Man is B Who is the father? Show your

answer by drawing the 2 possible Punnett Squares.

Practice makes perfect Do Genetics worksheet 4 Bio 11 p. 145 # 1 & 4.

Lethal genes (p. 9) Read and do Polygenic Inheritance

Polygenic Inheritance (p.9) Characteristic controlled by several

pairs of genes which are independent of each other, often on different chromosomes eg. Eye color, skin color, height

Shows continuous variation

Polygenic inheritance

AB Ab aB ab

AB AABB AABb AaBB AaBb

Ab AABb AAbb AaBb Aabb

aB AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb

ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb

Polygenic inheritance Let’s do bottom of p. 9 together

Polygenic Inheritance with complimentary interaction (p.10)

Pea comb = rrP_ Rose comb = R_pp Walnut comb = R_P_ Single comb = rrpp Let’s do p. 10 together

More practice Genetics worksheet 5

Linkage