genocide the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial,...
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Genocide • The deliberate and
systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group.
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Geopolitical
• The relation between politics and territory and compromises the art and practice of analyzing, proscribing, forecasting, and using political power over a given territory.
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Glacier
• Large body of ice that moves across the surface of the earth.
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GIS (Global Information System)
• A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.
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GPS (Global Positioning System)
• A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.
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Global Trade Patterns
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Global Warming
• Gradual warming of the earth and its atmosphere that may be caused in part by pollution and an increase in the greenhouse effect.
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Globalization
• Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.
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Greenhouse Effect
• The capacity of certain gases in the atmosphere to trap heat, thereby warming the earth.
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Grid System
• Pattern formed as the lines of latitude and longitude cross one another.
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Gross Domestic Product
• The value of goods and services created within a country in a year.
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Hemisphere
• Half of a sphere or globe, as in the earth’s Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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Hinduism
• The third larges religion with 1 billion believers, found primarily in South Asia and includes the belief in Karma, Dharma, and Reincarnation.
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Homogenous
• Of the same or similar kind or nature.
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Human Development Index
• Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy.
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Human Geography
• Also called cultural geography; the study of human activities and their relationship to the cultural and physical environments.
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Hurricane
• A large, powerful windstorm that forms over warm ocean waters.
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Hydrosphere
• The watery areas of the earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water.
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Ideology
• Body of doctrine, myth, belief, that guides an individual, social movement, or large group
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Infrastructure
• The basic urban necessities like streets and utilities.
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Immigration
• The movement of people into one country from another.
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Industrialization
• Transition from an agricultural society to one based on industry.
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Infant Mortality Rate
• The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.
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Innovation • The renewal or improvement of an already
existing technology.
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International
• Something or a company that involves more than one country.
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Internet
• A system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide.
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Islam
• The second largest religion and the belief of Allah, which is articulated in the Qur’an was brought by the Prophet Muhammad.
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Island
• An area of land surrounded by water.
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Isthmus
• Narrow stretch of land connecting 2 larger land areas.
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Judaism • One of the oldest monotheistic religions; it
is a religion, philosophy and way of life for the Jewish people. Belief in God as described in the written and oral Torah.
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Latitude
• The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.
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Leeward
• Facing away from the direction from which the wind is blowing.
Leeward Side
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Less Developed Country
• A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of economic development.
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Literacy Rate
• The percentage of people in a given place who can read and write.
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Lithosphere
• Surface land areas of the earth’s crust, including continents and ocean basins.
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Longitude
• The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and wet of the Prime Meridian.
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Life Expectancy • The average number of
years an individual can be expected to live given current conditions.
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Mainland
• A large continuous extent of land that includes the greater part of a country or territory, as opposed to offshore islands and detached territories.
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Mantle
• Thick middle layer of the earth’s interior structure, consisting of dense, hot rock.
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Manufacturing
• The use of machines, tools, and labor to produce goods for use or sale.
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Market Economy
• An economic system based on free enterprise, in which businesses are privately owned, and production and prices are determined by supply and demand.
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Megalopolis
• A “super-city” that is made up of several large and small cities such as the area between Boston and Washington, D.C.
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Meridian
• An arc drawn on a map between the North and South Poles.
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Minority
• A sociological group that does not make up a politically dominate voting majority of the total population of a given society.
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Monarchy
• A form of government in which all political power is passed down to an individual.
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Monotheism
• Belief in one God.
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Monsoon • In Asia, seasonal wind that brings warm,
moist air from the oceans in summer and cold, dry air from inland in winter.
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More Developed Country
• A country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development.
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Multiculturalism
• The appreciation, acceptance or promotion of multiple cultures, applied to the demographic make-up of a specific place, usually at the organizational level.