geog report- farming

7/30/2019 Geog Report- Farming

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Geography Presentation Report

Farming in Europe

Christy Chong (10)

Sue Fong (12)

Joanne Kou (16)

Michelle Wu (31)


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Leaders report:

Allocation of work Signature

Christy Chong (10) Finding Information

Sue Fong (12) Doing PowerPoint

Joanne Kou (16) Finding Information

Michelle Wu (31) Doing PowerPoint


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Types of farming

(1)Arable farmingBasically means growing of crops and cereals.

(2)Pastoral farmingIt is the rearing and production of animals including pigs, chickens, hill

farming sheep, beef and dairy cattle etc.

(3)Mixed farmingIt is just a combination of arable and pastoral farming, it also known as

sustainable farming.


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(4)HorticultureIt is the production of flowers, fruit, vegetables or ornamental plants.

(5)Market gardeningMarket gardening is the production of fruit and vegetables. The biggest

requirement is the transport routes needed to take the products to shops and

supermarkets for sale. The products have to be sold within 24 hours of being

produced.

(6)ViticultureIt is the production of grapes.


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Factors that affecting the farm type

(1) LabourFarming becoming mechanised, the numbers of people working on farms has

diminished. Many of those people tend to be more like farm managers.

(2) ClimateIt might occur in a certain area. Number of the hours of sunshine, the average

temperature and the amount of rainfall are very important.

(3) PoliticsGovernment and International farming policies have had a huge impact on

many farms around the world. Farmers are protected and that their produce

will be bought. Some farmers have to completely change what they are

growing to suit the new regulations.


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(4) ReliefIt is a very important factor in determining the type of agricultural activity.

Flat, sheltered areas are usually best for crops. Steep slopes are more likely

to be used for sheep and cattle farming.

(5) SoilsThick, well-irrigated soil is usually the best for crop farming. In Britain the best

soil for arable farming can be found in Norfolk. In hilly areas the soil tends to

be thinner and less fertile, so it is more suitable for pasture farming.


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Commercial farming

The farms are large. A certain amount of paid labour is usually employed, but

most of the farm work is done by using modern machinery. Almost all of what

is grown on the farm is sold. Methods are generally scientific and efficient,

with much use being made of artificial fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides. A

variety of different crops are grown on the farm.

Impact of Commercial Farming

A drought or flood can wipe out. If the farmers want to earn more money and

make more profit, they will grow as much as they can on their farmland.Inorder to make the crops grow faster, the farmers will put a lot of chemical

substances into the farmland. The farmland becomes less fertile,

overcultivation will occur, and finally lead to a drought.


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Farming in Britain

Different types of farming occur in different regions of Britain. This is due to

the influence of relief, climate (especially precipitation and temperature), soil

type and to an extent closeness to the market. Upland areas generally lend

themselves to sheep farming. Flat areas to crop production and wet/warm areas

to milk and beef production. Some parts of Britain have excellent soil for crops,

while others are used for cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry.

In the north-west of England, Wales and Scotland, farmers keep cattle

and sheep. Sheep can survive the cold winters on the hills and moors.

In the south-west of England, the rich grass is ideal for feeding dairy

cows.


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In the south-east of England and the lowlands of Scotland, grain,

potatoes and sugar beet are grown.

In the east of England (East Anglia), wheat, barley and vegetables grow

in enormous fields.

The main types of farming Britain are arable, dairying and hill farming.

Many farms are actually mixing some or all of these so as to make more

money.


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Why these types of farming are used in UK?

It is because the Common Agricultural Policy and other regulations encouraged

arable farming.

The map below shows where these main farming types occur:

Farming in Portugal


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Portugal produces a wide variety of crops and livestock products. The main

agricultural products in Portugal include figs, mushrooms, tomatoes, wine, grapes,

sunflower etc.

There is a poor agriculture performance:

- The level of investment in agriculture was very low.

- The number of tractors and the quantity of fertilizer used per unit area was one-third of

the European Community average in the mid-1980s.

- Farms in the north are small and fragmented, and they are usually very small.

- Distribution channels and economic infrastructure were inadequate.

Organic farming in Portugal has steadily increased in the past years.

The farmers are interested in organic agriculture because of the financial support offered

by the European Union and higher market prices.


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Trend of farming

As farming has become less important as a way of life, it has become more important as a

business enterprise.

Scientific methods and labor-saving machinery have made farming increasingly

productive.

Today's successful farmers are expert not just in agriculture but also proficient in

accounting, marketing, and finance. Farms that are not run in a businesslike fashion are

hard to survive. At the same time, the use of tractors and other modern farm equipment

has reduced the need for farm labour.


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geog report- farming

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