geographic technologies. list it what types of grid systems do you use in your daily life?
TRANSCRIPT
GEOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGIES
LIST IT
What types of grid systems do you use in your daily life?
THE GLOBE
A globe uses a grid system too.
WRITE IT----
Why might cartographers (map makers) have created these systems of organization?
SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE
Geographers use spatial perspective.
• Look for patterns in where things are located and how they are arranged.
• Explanation of these patterns.
HOW DO GEOGRAPHERS ADDRESS LOCATION?
Maps
Tools
•GIS•Remote Sensing•GPS
LATITUDE
Drawn east-west
Measure distance north and south of the Equator
Lines of latitude are also known as parallels
LONGITUDE
Drawn in a north-south direction
Measure distance east and west of the Prime Meridian
Imaginary line that runs through Greenwich, England
Also known as meridians
LATITUDE & LONGITUDE WORKING TOGETHER
The global grid system uses the parallels and meridians.
Distance is measured in degrees.
When giving a location, or coordinates, latitude is always first.
• Ex. Richmond, KY -- 37°N, 84°W
MENTAL MAP
A map that represents the mental image that a person has of an area
Help us make sense of the world around us by organizing information we have about places
ACTIVITY
Divide the class into pairs.
Taking turns, one student should describe his or her mental map while the partner attempts to draw it.
• Map of your neighborhood
When each partner has had a turn, exchange drawings.
How close was your drawing to your partner’s original mental map?
WRITE IT
What makes a good map?
Are maps accurate?
Why or why not?
MAPSRecord and store
information
Analyze spatial patterns
Present information
The measure of a good map—
• How well it conveys information to its readers.• What is the motive, intent, or goal of the
map?• Who will read the map?• Where will it be used?• What data is available?
MAP PROJECTIONS
3D sphere and changing it into a 2D representation
How do you take a ball and make it flat?
Different map projections result in different spatial relationships.
KEY COMPONENTS OF MAPS
Scale
Directional indicators
Legend
Title
GPSUses measurements from 3+ satellites
How accurate is GPS?
• Depends on several variables• Design of receiver
• $100 - $50,000
• Positions/geometry of satellites• Differential corrections
• Removal of measurement errors
GISA GIS is an immensely powerful computer mapping and analysis system
Links geographic locations with information/data about them so you can create maps and analyze data in new ways
Techniques for acquisition, manipulation, analysis, and display of spatial data
REMOTE SENSINGAny of the several techniques of obtaining images of an area or object without having the sensor in direct physical contact with it, as by aerial photography or satellite sensors.