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(DR) S57475/3© UCLES 2004 [Turn over

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education

Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

GEOGRAPHY 9696/02, 9696/03

Papers 2 and 3May/June 2004

3 hoursINSERT

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This insert contains all the Figures referred to in the questions.

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04

Fig.1 for Question 1

The location of two soil types along a soil catena in the tropical savanna

© UCLES 2004

Soil A

Granite Soil B

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04 [Turn over

Fig. 2 for Question 4

Some Stores and Transfers of Sediment in a Coastal Zone

© UCLES 2004

Cliff erosion

Onshorecurrents

Offshorecurrents

Blown sand

Key:

Store

Transfers

Cliffs Dunes Rivers

Beaches

Sea bed

Depositionin estuariesand deltas

Offshoredeposition

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04

Fig. 3 for Question 6

Volcanic and Seismic events leading to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo on 14 June 1991

© UCLES 2004

DATE EVENT MONITORING AND SURVEYS GOVERNMENT ACTION

Small eruption of steam andash covers villages 10km away.

Seismographs installed onmountain, Volcanic Observatoryset up.

2 APRIL

Alert level 3 – eruption within afortnight. Areas threatened bynuées ardentes (pyroclastic flows) evacuated.

5 June

Volcanic hazard map resultsfrom surveys.Throughout May seismographsrecord 1800 small earthquakes2–6km deep, 5km north westof summit.

Hazard map distributed byGovernment.

23 May

Tiltmeter near summitindicates bulge in volcano

6 June

Column of ash and steam upto 8km in height.

Alert level 4 (explosive eruptionin 24 hours).

7 June

Magma reaches surface.8 June

Alert level 5 – evacuation of allinhabitants within 20km of summit

9 June

Two major eruptions. 08.51major eruption sendscolumn of gas, ash up to19km in height.

Evacuation zone extended to30km from summit. ManilaAirport closed.

12 June

Eruptions up to 40km inheight.

Observations now difficultbecause of ash clouds.

14 June

Eruptions of increasingintensity. Nuées ardentes(pyroclastic flows) frequent.Ash widley deposited –made heavy by rain fromTyphoon Yunga.

Seismographs destroyed.15 June

SO2 concentrations increasex10.

5 levels of alert published:1 = low level unrest5 = eruption underway

13–28 May

Eruptions change to newfocus – less than 5km deep.Small explosion and then ash eruptions, harmonictremors suggest magmaascent.

1 June

Small explosion and then ash eruptions, harmonictremors suggest magmaascent.

3 June

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04

Fig. 4 for Question 8

Some evidence that the Sahara Desert experienced a wetter climate in the past

© UCLES 2004

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

ATLANTIC OCEAN

AtlasMountains

HoggarMountains

Tassili Mountains

Tibesti Mountains

‘Mega’ Lake Chadcovering 300000km2

twice the size of today

N

Key:

Dry valley systems in mountains

Sahara Desert

Relic faunas/floras oak and cedar forests

Evidence of ancient peoples farming on savanna

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04

Fig. 5 for Question 10

Survey of industrial location in a region of a MEDC

Figs 6A, 6B and 6C for Question 11

Oil production, oil consumption and oil reserves, 1999

© UCLES 2004

0 20 40 60% of firms identifying as major strengths

0 20 40 60% of firms identifying as major weaknesses

LocationRoad communications

Labour availabilityAir communications

Labour skillsProximity to suppliesAccessibility of sites

Rail communicationsAvailability of sites

Quality of labourTelecommunications

Site costs

Image of regionAvailability of grants

EducationQuality of premisesOverall environment

Road communicationsRail communications

Quality of labourQuality of housingLeisure facilities

Labour skillsAir communications

Middle East26.3%

CIS andEastern Europe

20.3%

Asia andAustralasia

10.0%

Africa9.3%

LatinAmerica11.3%

WesternEurope6.2%

NorthAmerica16.6%

Other12.5%

NorthAmerica27.0%

CIS andEasternEurope15.2%

Asia andAustralasia

18.3%WesternEurope27.0%

Middle East64.5%

NorthAmerica

4.2%

WesternEurope1.8%

LatinAmerica13.2%

Africa5.9%

Asia andAustralasia

4.5%

CIS andEastern Europe

5.9%

Production(65.5 million barrels a day)

Consumption(65.5 million barrels a day)

Reserves(1012 billion barrels)

A B C

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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04

Fig. 7 for Question 13

North American trade, 1995

© UCLES 2004

ASIA ANDMIDDLE EAST

JAPANNORTH

AMERICA

EUROPEANUNION

CIS ANDEASTERN EUROPE

AFRICA

CARIBBEANAND

LATINAMERICA

AUSTRALIA

imports 135,967

exports 72,829 exports 146,116

imports 222,166

impo

rts 1

54,8

94ex

ports

127

,887

imports 11,139

exports 10,154

imports 16,872exports 7,839

imports 263,202

exports 225,086

imports 4,501

exports 11,564

Key:Imports and Exports

of North America(millions of U.S. dollars)

total imports 934,242total exports 772,703

200,000100,000 imports

exports

100

200,000100,000100

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Fig. 8 for Question 14

The High Atlas Tourist Code

© UCLES 2004

As a guest, respect local traditions,protect local cultures, maintain local pride.

• When taking photographs, respect privacy - ask permission and use restraint.

• Respect religious and cultural places - preserve what you have come to see, never touch or remove religious objects.

• Giving to children encourages begging. A donation to a project, health centre or school is a more constructive way to help.

• You will be accepted and welcomed if you follow local customs. Use only your right hand for eating and greeting. It is polite to use both hands when giving or receiving gifts.

• Respect for local etiquette earns you respect - loose, light weight clothes are preferable to revealing shorts, skimpy tops and tight fitting action wear. Hand holding or kissing in public are disliked by local people.

• Visitors who value local traditions encourage local pride and maintain local cultures - please help local people gain a realistic view of life in your country.

Be patient, friendly and sensitive!Remember - you are a guest!

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Fig. 9 for Question 15

Countries experiencing change in average income per person

© UCLES 2004

05101520253035 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35number of countries where averageincome per person 1990-1995 was

lower than before

number of countries where averageincome per person 1990-1995 was

higher than before

MEDCs

Asia

North Africa & the Middle East

Eastern Europe& the CIS

Latin America& the Caribbean

Sub-SaharanAfrica

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