geohazards and monitoring networks€¦ · 5th international disaster and risk conference idrc 2014...

5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 ‘Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice‘ • 24-28 August 2014 • Davos • Switzerland

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Geohazards and Monitoring Networks

Paola Campus, European Science Foundation, France, [email protected]


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The recursive occurrence of geohazards

The recursive occurrence of geohazards in the last few millennia: impact on human settlements on local and regional scales.

Extreme events impacted civilizations: high losses of human lives and very long terms changes in the environment.

http://crisisboom.com/2011/02/25/earthquakes-volcanoes-prophecy/

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/pictures/120309-japan-tsunami-earthquake-anniversary-world-science/?source=ig_japan_unforgettable

http://groupsuccess51.blogspot.com/2011/06/current-issues-about-landslide.html

http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/hurricane-profile/

http://www.uvm.edu/~inquiryb/webquest/sp08/pmontgom/hurricanestornadoes.html

http://regulus-starnotes.blogspot.com/2013/02/more-on-chelyabinsk-asteroid-bolide.html


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The challenge

Current societies are progressively clustering around megacities often located in hazardous areas and hosting complex infrastructures the risk of huge losses (human lives, infrastructures, goods, energy) in case of geohazards is dramatically increased.

Impact on large settlements has cascade effects also on remote locations and smaller settlements.


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Resilience and monitoring

A crucial step towards the development of an effective Disaster Risk Reduction and the increase of resilience is based on a comprehensive monitoring of all the

phaenomena and parameters which might help issue early warnings.


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The case of volcano monitoring

Volcanoes represent an extremely serious threat:

the use of existing and new technologies to improve their monitoring can play a crucial role in achieving an effective early warning.

Traditional technologies:

• Seismic monitoring

• Satellite monitoring

• Geochemical monitoring

• Infrared monitoring


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The case of volcano monitoring

New technology: infrasound monitoring

Infrasound: acoustic waves below the audible threshold

Volcanoes inject most of their energy in the atmosphere: this energy propagates through infrasound waves


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What can infrasound detect?


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Existing infrasound networks

1- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) International Monitoring System (IMS) Network

IS54

IS01

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IS10 IS56

IS13 IS47

IS35 IS33

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IS07 IS22

IS36 IS05

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IS31 IS46

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IS42 IS57

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2- Additional local networks help refine detections on local and regional scale Specific EC ongoing projects: ARISE


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Infrasound technology Manam eruption, January 27th, 2005

14 stations detections up to 13,000 km distance

Campus P., Christie D.R. and Brown D., 2005. Detection of infrasound from the eruption of Manam volcano on January 27, 2005. Proceedings of the 2005 Infrasound Technology Workshop, Tahiti, 28 November -2 December 2005 and Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Acoustic Remote Sensing of Volcanoes, Quito, January 22, 2006, http://www.isla.hawaii.edu/volcano/IWARS06/pdf_presentations/campus_iwars06_manam.pdf


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Infrasound technology Kamchatka Peninsula: May 9th, 2006

Detections from Karymsky and Bezymianny (Campus & Christie, 2010)

Satellite observations were not available due to cloudy conditions;

local seismic observations associated all the detection to Bezymianny Campus P. and Christie D., 2010. The IMS Infrasound Network: Worldwide Observations of Infrasonic Waves. Review book “Infrasound monitoring for atmospheric studies”, Springer


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Infrasound technology

Infrasound can provide new, detailed insight in the processes associated to volcanic activity and facilitate

effective early warnings.

The synergy with the existing traditional volcano monitoring technologies will contribute to establish a

robust monitoring system


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The crucial role of synergies

How to assure the most comprehensive monitoring of volcanoes and of other geohazards?

Through the establishment and maintenance of a global network of monitoring systems, based on

synergetic technologies capable of mapping in real-time all the areas at risk on our Planet.

How to effectively achieve this target?

Data sharing agreements between all the existing monitoring networks should be established.


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Thank you

geohazards and monitoring networks€¦ · 5th international disaster and risk conference idrc 2014...

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