geologic structure and seismic analysisgeologic structure and seismic analysis trenton–black river...
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Geologic StructureGeologic Structureand Seismic Analysisand Seismic Analysis
TrentonTrenton––Black River Research ConsortiumBlack River Research ConsortiumMarch 29, 2005March 29, 2005Columbus, OHColumbus, OH
Kentucky Geological SurveyJohn B. Hickman, Paul D. Lake, David C. Harris, and James A. Drahovzal
Structure and Seismic AnalysisStructure and Seismic AnalysisStructure and isopach mapsStructure and isopach maps–– Base of Devonian ShaleBase of Devonian Shale–– Ordovician (top)Ordovician (top)–– Kope FmKope Fm–– Utica ShaleUtica Shale–– Trenton FmTrenton Fm–– Black River LsBlack River Ls–– Knox UnconformityKnox Unconformity–– Basal SandstonesBasal Sandstones
(needed as hydrothermal fluid conduit for dolomitization?)(needed as hydrothermal fluid conduit for dolomitization?)–– Top of Precambrian BasementTop of Precambrian Basement–– Major structural features (esp. those affecting dolomitization)Major structural features (esp. those affecting dolomitization)
Assist in evaluating zones of potential hydrothermal Assist in evaluating zones of potential hydrothermal dolomite developmentdolomite development
Outline of TasksOutline of TasksData AcquisitionData Acquisition
–– Seismic, well logs, and stratigraphic well topsSeismic, well logs, and stratigraphic well tops
Load Seismic dataLoad Seismic data–– Digital SEGY files into Kingdom SuiteDigital SEGY files into Kingdom Suite–– Raster images into PetraSeisRaster images into PetraSeis
Load Well DataLoad Well Data–– Digital LAS files into Kingdom Suite & PetraDigital LAS files into Kingdom Suite & Petra–– Raster images into PetraRaster images into Petra
Load Preliminary Load Preliminary (i.e. any available)(i.e. any available) Well TopsWell Tops
Outline, con’t.Outline, con’t.Use sonic logs for synthetic seismogram creation Use sonic logs for synthetic seismogram creation
and creation of velocity modeland creation of velocity modelCorrelate log tops to reflecting seismic horizonsCorrelate log tops to reflecting seismic horizonsInterpret stratigraphy and structure from seismicInterpret stratigraphy and structure from seismicUse velocity model to transform depths in time to Use velocity model to transform depths in time to
depths in feet subseadepths in feet subseaCreate 3D surfaces from seismic horizon and well Create 3D surfaces from seismic horizon and well
based stratigraphic tops elevationsbased stratigraphic tops elevationsMerge products with those of the other members Merge products with those of the other members
of TBRRCof TBRRC
Newly Acquired Seismic DataNewly Acquired Seismic DataTwo new analog (paper copies) and three new Two new analog (paper copies) and three new digital (SEGY) Ohio seismic lines have been digital (SEGY) Ohio seismic lines have been received and loadedreceived and loadedThree new digital (SEGThree new digital (SEG--Y) field scale seismic Y) field scale seismic lines from eastern Kentucky have been received lines from eastern Kentucky have been received (from ABARTA) and loaded into Kingdom (from ABARTA) and loaded into Kingdom SuiteSuite™™ softwaresoftwareTwo new digital (SEGTwo new digital (SEG--Y) regional seismic lines Y) regional seismic lines from central Ohio have been loaded into Kingdom from central Ohio have been loaded into Kingdom SuiteSuite™™ software (reprocessed COCORP lines)software (reprocessed COCORP lines)
Current Seismic Data LoadedCurrent Seismic Data Loaded
Well Data LoadedWell Data Loaded
Total of 402 digital well log files loaded into Petra Total of 402 digital well log files loaded into Petra and Kingdom Suite software projectsand Kingdom Suite software projects–– Includes sonic logs for 114 wellsIncludes sonic logs for 114 wells
PreliminaryPreliminary set of tops loaded: set of tops loaded: –– 831 KY wells831 KY wells–– 103 OH wells103 OH wells–– 644 NY wells644 NY wells–– 101 PA wells101 PA wells–– 22 WV wells22 WV wells
Well Tops Picked or LoadedWell Tops Picked or Loaded
Current set of tops being picked for project: Current set of tops being picked for project: –– Ohio ShaleOhio Shale–– Top of OrdovicianTop of Ordovician–– Kope ShKope Sh–– Point Pleasant FmPoint Pleasant Fm–– Trenton FmTrenton Fm–– Black River GpBlack River Gp–– Deike and Millbrig BentonitesDeike and Millbrig Bentonites–– Wells Creek DolomiteWells Creek Dolomite
Well Tops Picked or Loaded, con’t.Well Tops Picked or Loaded, con’t.
Current set of tops being picked for project: Current set of tops being picked for project: –– St. Peter SandstoneSt. Peter Sandstone–– Knox UnconformityKnox Unconformity–– Rose Run SandstoneRose Run Sandstone–– Conasauga GpConasauga Gp–– Rome FmRome Fm–– Basal & Mt. Simon SsBasal & Mt. Simon Ss–– Precambrian UnconformityPrecambrian Unconformity
METERS
0 102,132
PETRA 3/25/2005 8:54:47 AM
Wells used for preliminary correlationsWells used for preliminary correlations
Southern App. Velocity ModelSouthern App. Velocity ModelContinuing to assist in timeContinuing to assist in time--toto--depth depth calculations of seismic horizons, and aiding in calculations of seismic horizons, and aiding in stratigraphic correlation in areas of low stratigraphic correlation in areas of low resolution dataresolution dataA sixteen layer regional velocity model for the A sixteen layer regional velocity model for the Southern Appalachian area, with an average Southern Appalachian area, with an average error < 5%, based on well dataerror < 5%, based on well dataQuality checking horizon tops based on time Quality checking horizon tops based on time calculations ongoingcalculations ongoing
New Northern Region Velocity ModelNew Northern Region Velocity Model
Created to help determine the timeCreated to help determine the time--toto--depth of depth of seismic horizons, and to aid in stratigraphic seismic horizons, and to aid in stratigraphic correlation in areas of low resolution datacorrelation in areas of low resolution dataFormation tops from 745 wells, and sonic logs Formation tops from 745 wells, and sonic logs from 53 LAS files were used from the deep from 53 LAS files were used from the deep wells in PA and NY wells in PA and NY Sonic log data averaged with petrophysical Sonic log data averaged with petrophysical software (Petrasoftware (Petra®®) within groups of strata ) within groups of strata resulted in precise interval velocitiesresulted in precise interval velocities
New Velocity Model, con’t.New Velocity Model, con’t.
Interval velocities of sixteen layers (groups of Interval velocities of sixteen layers (groups of strata) corresponding to possible seismic horizons strata) corresponding to possible seismic horizons were gridded over PA & NY project area, and were gridded over PA & NY project area, and edited for known fault trendsedited for known fault trends
In wells without sonic logs, internal velocities In wells without sonic logs, internal velocities were calculated by the creating sonic log grids. were calculated by the creating sonic log grids. These grids then were used to calculate the depth These grids then were used to calculate the depth of formation tops in time.of formation tops in time.
Synthetic SeismogramsSynthetic Seismograms
Trenton-Black River
Interpretation of Current DataInterpretation of Current Data
Initial framework of 648 deep well’s tops in Initial framework of 648 deep well’s tops in KY completeKY completeInfilling with shallower wells, and addition of Infilling with shallower wells, and addition of additional related members beginningadditional related members beginningInitial interpretation of NY, PA, and WV Initial interpretation of NY, PA, and WV seismic horizons complete, OH and KY seismic horizons complete, OH and KY nearing completionnearing completionQC and “fine tuning” of horizon picks ongoingQC and “fine tuning” of horizon picks ongoing
Seismic Interpretation
A
0 sec.
1 sec.
2 sec.
3 sec.
NY-PAA A’
1 sec.
2 sec.
3 sec.
B B’0 sec. NY-PA
Paul Lake, 2004
A
A’B’
B
Northern Rome Northern Rome TroughTrough Section, WVSection, WV
NW SE
J. Hickman, 2004
Eastern KY Rome Trough SectionEastern KY Rome Trough Section
J. Hickman, 2004
SN
WV Wrench Fault with Trenton SagWV Wrench Fault with Trenton Sag
Trenton
Knox
Conasauga
PC Basement
Rome
Preliminary Tully Two Way Time StructurePreliminary Tully Two Way Time Structure
Preliminary Trenton 2Preliminary Trenton 2--Way Time StructureWay Time Structure
GriddingGridding horizons across adjacent horizons across adjacent seismic linesseismic lines
PC map combining wells & seismicPC map combining wells & seismic
Ordovician seismic responseOrdovician seismic response
Regional differences in seismic character of the Trenton-Black River interval
How does local stratigraphy affect the How does local stratigraphy affect the seismic image? seismic image?
Trenton IsopachLexington platform
Trenton Platform
Interplatform sub-basin
Trenton Isopach (ODGS)Trenton Isopach (ODGS)
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Schuyler Co, NY Trenton shelf
edge
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Broome Co, NY Trenton distal
shelf
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Sandusky Co, OH Trenton, off
Galena Platform shelf
Trenton
PC Basement
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Delaware Co, OH Trenton, Sebree
sub-basin
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Harrison Co, OH near eastern Trenton shelf
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Clay Co, WV above Rome
Trough
Trenton Trenton IsopachIsopach
Leslie Co, KY above Rome
Trough
What’s Next?What’s Next?
Create regional fault trend mapsCreate regional fault trend maps
Interpret magnitude and age of Interpret magnitude and age of movement along fault trendsmovement along fault trends
Assist with interpretation of possible Assist with interpretation of possible fairways of high reservoir potentialfairways of high reservoir potential
REYNOLDS & VINCEN 1 WILSON, H
REYNOLDS & VINCEN 1 BARTLETT, CLREYNOLDS & VINCEN 1 HAYNES, H C
LAKE RONEL OIL CO 119-41 STANLEYCONOCO, INC 1 TURNER, MARK
CONOCO, INC 1 SHAIN, ISAACKentucky Geological Survey
Rough Creek Fault Dolomite
POSTED WELL DATA
Well Label
WELL SYMBOLSPlugged and Abandoned
FEET
0 25,000
June 5, 2004
PETRA 6/5/2004 10:53:56 PM
Tectonic Dolomitization, Rough Creek Fault ZoneOhio and Grayson Counties, Ky.
OHIO
GRAYSONSebree Trough
D. C. Harris, 2004
Note tight dolomite in Black Riverinterval in center 4 wells. Conocowells on ends are undolomitized.
CONOCO, INC1
TURNER, MARK1614983637
REYNOLDS & VINCENT, INC1
BARTLETT, CLARENCE1618332397
LAKE RONEL OIL CO119-41
STANLEY, H B1618373864
REYNOLDS & VINCENT, INC1
HAYNES, H C1618332974
REYNOLDS & VINCENT, INC1
WILSON, HENA1608532405
CONOCO, INC1
SHAIN, ISAAC1608584483
<40,305FT> <49,786FT> <7,906FT> <57,596FT> <12,559FT>
-40 120GAMMA
6 16CALIPER
0 10PE
2 3RHOB
0 200GR
6 16CALI
0 10PEF
2 3RHOB
PENCIL_CAVE_BENTONITE PENCIL_CAVE_BENTONITE
KNOX_GROUPKNOX_GROUP
TRENTONTRENTON
BLACK_RIVER BLACK_RIVER
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5800
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
RelDepth
RelDepth
-1550 -1550
-1350 -1350
-1150 -1150
-950 -950
-750 -750
-550 -550
-350 -350
-150 -150
50 50
250 250
450 450
650 650
850 850
1050 1050
1250 1250
1450 1450
HS=7095
SW NE
PETRA 6/5/2004 10:19:50 PM
D. C. Harris, 2004
Central Southern New YorkCentral Southern New York
SouthSouth--Southeast New YorkSoutheast New York
West Central West Central OhioOhio
North Central OhioNorth Central Ohio
East Central OhioEast Central Ohio
Central WVCentral WVSoutheastern Southeastern KYKY